TEDGlobal 2014
Boniface Mwangi: The day I stood up alone
Boniface Mwangi: Ziua în care m-am împotrivit singur
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Fotograful Boniface Mwangi a vrut să protesteze împotriva corupției din patria sa, Kenya. A făcut un plan: el și prietenii săi urmau să se ridice în timpul unei adunări publice și să ia conducerea țării la întrebări. Dar când a venit momentul... doar el s-a ridicat. Ce s-a întâmplat după aceea, spune el, i-a arătat cine era cu adevărat. Așa cum spune el „Două zile sunt cele mai importante în viețile noastre. Ziua în care ne naștem și ziua în care descoperim de ce.”
Boniface Mwangi -
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
People back home call me a heckler,
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Cei de acasă mă consideră agasant,
un agitator, un gâlcevitor,
un agitator, un gâlcevitor,
00:16
a troublemaker, an irritant,
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un rebel, un activist,
vocea oamenilor.
vocea oamenilor.
00:19
a rebel, an activist,
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00:21
the voice of the people.
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00:23
But that wasn't always me.
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Dar nu am fost mereu așa.
00:26
Growing up, I had a nickname.
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În copilărie aveam o poreclă:
mi se spunea „Softy”,
mi se spunea „Softy”,
00:28
They used to call me Softy,
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adică băiatul inofensiv.
00:30
meaning the soft, harmless boy.
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00:33
Like every other human being,
I avoided trouble.
I avoided trouble.
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Ca orice alt om, evitam problemele.
00:36
In my childhood, they taught me silence.
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De mic am fost învățat să tac:
„Nu comenta, fă cum ți se spune”.
„Nu comenta, fă cum ți se spune”.
00:38
Don't argue, do as you're told.
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00:40
In Sunday school, they taught me
don't confront, don't argue,
don't confront, don't argue,
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La școala de duminică, m-au învățat
să nu mă cert, să nu contrazic,
să nu mă cert, să nu contrazic,
00:44
even if you're right,
turn the other cheek.
turn the other cheek.
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chiar dacă am dreptate,
să întorc și celălalt obraz.
să întorc și celălalt obraz.
00:47
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the time.
by the political climate of the time.
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Asta era impus de regimul
politic de atunci.
politic de atunci.
00:52
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
Kenya e o țară în care ești vinovat,
până se dovedeşte că eşti bogat.
până se dovedeşte că eşti bogat.
00:55
Kenya is a country
where you are guilty
where you are guilty
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00:57
until proven rich.
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01:00
(Laughter)
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(Râsete)
01:02
Kenya's poor are five times more likely
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Kenyenii săraci au de 5 ori mai multe
șanse să fie împușcați mortal
șanse să fie împușcați mortal
01:05
to be shot dead by the police
who are meant to protect them
who are meant to protect them
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de poliția care ar trebui să-i protejeze,
decât infractorii.
decât infractorii.
01:08
than by criminals.
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01:10
This was reinforced
by the political climate of the day.
by the political climate of the day.
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Asta din cauza regimului politic.
01:12
We had a president,
Moi, who was a dictator.
Moi, who was a dictator.
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Aveam un președinte
– Moi – un dictator.
– Moi – un dictator.
01:15
He ruled the country with an iron fist,
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A condus țara cu o mână de fier
01:18
and anyone who dared
question his authority
question his authority
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și cine îndrăznea să îi pună
la îndoială autoritatea
la îndoială autoritatea
01:20
was arrested, tortured,
jailed or even killed.
jailed or even killed.
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era arestat, torturat,
închis sau chiar ucis.
închis sau chiar ucis.
01:25
That meant that people were taught
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
to be smart cowards, stay out of trouble.
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Asta a însemnat că oamenii erau învățați
să fie lași deștepți, să nu facă probleme.
să fie lași deștepți, să nu facă probleme.
01:29
Being a coward was not an insult.
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Să fii laș nu era o insultă,
ci un compliment.
ci un compliment.
01:31
Being a coward was a compliment.
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01:33
We used to be told that a coward
goes home to his mother.
goes home to his mother.
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Ni se spunea că un laș
se întoarce acasă la mama lui.
se întoarce acasă la mama lui.
01:36
What that meant: that if you stayed
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
out of trouble you're going to stay alive.
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Asta însemna că dacă stai departe
de probleme, rămâi în viață.
de probleme, rămâi în viață.
01:40
I used to question this advice,
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Am pus la îndoială sfatul ăsta.
01:42
and eight years ago
we had an election in Kenya,
we had an election in Kenya,
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Acum 8 ani, rezultatele alegerilor
din Kenya au fost violent contestate.
din Kenya au fost violent contestate.
01:45
and the results were violently disputed.
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01:47
What followed that election
was terrible violence, rape,
was terrible violence, rape,
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Au fost urmate de acte
de violență îngrozitoare, violuri
de violență îngrozitoare, violuri
01:52
and the killing of over 1,000 people.
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și uciderea a peste 1 000 de oameni.
01:56
My work was to document the violence.
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Eu am înregistrat acele evenimente,
ca fotograf. Am făcut mii de poze.
ca fotograf. Am făcut mii de poze.
01:59
As a photographer,
I took thousands of images,
I took thousands of images,
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02:02
and after two months,
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După 2 luni, cei doi politicieni
s-au întâlnit la un ceai,
s-au întâlnit la un ceai,
02:04
the two politicians came together,
had a cup of tea,
had a cup of tea,
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au semnat un acord de pace
și țara a mers mai departe.
și țara a mers mai departe.
02:09
signed a peace agreement,
and the country moved on.
and the country moved on.
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02:12
I was a very disturbed man
because I saw the violence firsthand.
because I saw the violence firsthand.
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Eu am fost foarte afectat pentru
că am văzut agresiunile cu ochii mei.
că am văzut agresiunile cu ochii mei.
02:16
I saw the killings.
I saw the displacement.
I saw the displacement.
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Am văzut crimele și evacuarile.
02:19
I met women who had been raped,
and it disturbed me,
and it disturbed me,
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M-am întâlnit cu femeile
violate, am fost afectat,
violate, am fost afectat,
dar țara nu a vorbit deloc despre asta.
02:22
but the country never spoke about it.
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02:24
We pretended. We all became smart cowards.
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Ne-am prefăcut că nu s-a întâmplat.
Devenisem lași deștepți.
Devenisem lași deștepți.
02:27
We decided to stay out of trouble
and not talk about it.
and not talk about it.
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Am decis să stăm deoparte
și să nu vorbim despre asta.
și să nu vorbim despre asta.
02:30
Ten months later, I quit my job.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
I said I could not stand it anymore.
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După 10 luni mi-am dat demisia.
Nu mai suportam.
Nu mai suportam.
După demisie am decis
să îmi motivez prietenii
să îmi motivez prietenii
02:34
After quitting my job,
I decided to organize my friends
I decided to organize my friends
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02:36
to speak about
the violence in the country,
the violence in the country,
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să vorbim despre violenţe,
despre starea națiunii
despre starea națiunii
02:38
to speak about the state of the nation,
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02:40
and June 1, 2009 was the day
that we were meant to go to the stadium
that we were meant to go to the stadium
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și 1 iunie 2009 a fost ziua
când trebuia să mergem pe stadion
când trebuia să mergem pe stadion
02:44
and try and get the president's attention.
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să atragem atenția președintelui.
02:46
It's a national holiday,
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E sărbătoare națională,
televizată în toată țara
televizată în toată țara
02:48
it's broadcast across the country,
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02:49
and I showed up at the stadium.
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și eu m-am dus pe stadion,
02:53
My friends did not show up.
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dar prietenii mei n-au apărut.
M-am trezit singur.
02:56
I found myself alone,
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02:59
and I didn't know what to do.
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Nu știam ce să fac.
Îmi era frică, dar știam că în acea zi
trebuia să iau o decizie:
trebuia să iau o decizie:
03:02
I was scared,
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03:03
but I knew very well
that that particular day,
that that particular day,
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03:05
I had to make a decision.
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să trăiesc ca un laș, ca toți ceilalți
sau să mă opun?
sau să mă opun?
03:07
Was I able to live as a coward,
like everyone else,
like everyone else,
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03:09
or was I going to make a stand?
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03:11
And when the president stood up to speak,
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Când președintele s-a ridicat să vorbească
m-am ridicat și eu și am strigat la el,
m-am ridicat și eu și am strigat la el,
03:13
I found myself on my feet
shouting at the president,
shouting at the president,
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cerăndu-i să-și amintească
de victimele violenţelor postelectorale
de victimele violenţelor postelectorale
03:17
telling him to remember
the post-election violence victims,
the post-election violence victims,
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și să pună capăt corupției.
03:21
to stop the corruption.
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03:23
And suddenly, out of nowhere,
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Brusc, din senin, polițiștii
au sărit pe mine ca leii înfometați.
au sărit pe mine ca leii înfometați.
03:25
the police pounced on me
like hungry lions.
like hungry lions.
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03:28
They held my mouth
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Mi-au acoperit gura
și m-au scos de pe stadion.
și m-au scos de pe stadion.
03:30
and dragged me out of the stadium,
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M-au bătut zdravăn
și m-au dus la închisoare.
și m-au dus la închisoare.
03:32
where they thoroughly beat me up
and locked me up in jail.
and locked me up in jail.
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03:37
I spent that night in
a cold cement floor in the jail,
a cold cement floor in the jail,
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Mi-am petrcut noaptea acolo,
pe podeaua rece de ciment,
pe podeaua rece de ciment,
03:43
and that got me thinking.
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și am început să mă gândesc
de ce mă simțeam așa.
de ce mă simțeam așa.
03:46
What was making me feel this way?
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03:48
My friends and family thought
I was crazy because of what I did,
I was crazy because of what I did,
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Prietenii și familia au crezut că-s nebun
de făcusem aşa ceva
de făcusem aşa ceva
03:51
and the images that I took
were disturbing my life.
were disturbing my life.
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şi că fotografiile făcute
mă tulburau.
mă tulburau.
03:56
The images that I took
were just a number to many Kenyans.
were just a number to many Kenyans.
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Fotografiile reprezentau doar o cifră
pentru mulți kenyeni.
pentru mulți kenyeni.
03:59
Most Kenyans did not see the violence.
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Majoritatea nu văzuseră agresiunile.
Era doar o poveste pentru ei.
Era doar o poveste pentru ei.
04:01
It was a story to them.
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04:03
And so I decided to actually
start a street exhibition
start a street exhibition
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Am deschis o expoziție stradală prin țară
cu imagini ale violenţelor
cu imagini ale violenţelor
04:05
to show the images of the violence
across the country
across the country
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ca să-i fac pe oameni
să vorbească despre asta.
să vorbească despre asta.
04:08
and get people talking about it.
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04:10
We traveled the country
and showed the images,
and showed the images,
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Am făcut un tur prin toată țara,
expunând imaginile
expunând imaginile
04:13
and this was a journey that has started me
to the activist path,
to the activist path,
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şi călătorind, am devenit activist.
04:16
where I decided to become silent no more,
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Am decis să nu mai tac,
să vorbesc despre acele lucruri.
să vorbesc despre acele lucruri.
04:19
to talk about those things.
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04:21
We traveled, and our general site
from our street exhibit
from our street exhibit
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Călătorind, spaţiile unde expuneam
au trecut de la expoziția stradală,
au trecut de la expoziția stradală,
04:25
became for political graffiti
about the situation in the country,
about the situation in the country,
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la graffiti-ul politic despre starea ţării
atacând corupția şi conducerea proastă.
atacând corupția şi conducerea proastă.
04:30
talking about corruption, bad leadership.
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04:33
We have even done symbolic burials.
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Am făcut până și înmormântări simbolice.
04:36
We have delivered live pigs
to Kenya's parliament
to Kenya's parliament
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Am trimis porci vii parlamentului kenian
ca simbol al lăcomiei politicienilor.
ca simbol al lăcomiei politicienilor.
04:40
as a symbol of our politicians' greed.
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04:42
It has been done in Uganda
and other countries,
and other countries,
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Asta se făcuse şi-n Uganda și-n alte țări,
04:45
and what is most powerful is that
the images have been picked by the media
the images have been picked by the media
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dar important e, că acele imagini
au fost preluate de media
au fost preluate de media
04:48
and amplified across the country,
across the continent.
across the continent.
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și transmise în țară și pe continent.
04:51
Where I used to stand up alone
seven years ago,
seven years ago,
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Dacă acum 7 ani am luat poziție singur,
04:54
now I belong to a community
of many people who stand up with me.
of many people who stand up with me.
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acum aparțin unei comunități
care e alături de mine.
care e alături de mine.
04:57
I am no longer alone when I stand up
to speak about these things.
to speak about these things.
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Nu mai sunt singurul care ia o poziție.
05:02
I belong to a group of young people
who are passionate about the country,
who are passionate about the country,
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Aparțin unui grup de oameni tineri
care luptă pentru această țară,
care luptă pentru această țară,
05:06
who want to bring about change,
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care vor să facă o schimbare,
05:08
and they're no longer afraid,
and they're no longer smart cowards.
and they're no longer smart cowards.
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care nu se mai tem,
nu mai sunt lași deștepți.
nu mai sunt lași deștepți.
05:13
So that was my story.
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Asta a fost povestea mea.
05:18
That day in the stadium,
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În acea zi pe stadion am înfruntat
lașitatea deșteaptă.
lașitatea deșteaptă.
05:20
I stood up as a smart coward.
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Prin acel gest, am spus la revedere
celor 24 de ani de lașitate.
celor 24 de ani de lașitate.
05:23
By that one action, I said goodbye
to the 24 years living as a coward.
to the 24 years living as a coward.
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05:28
There are two most powerful
days in your life:
days in your life:
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Sunt 2 zile importante în viețile noastre:
05:31
the day you're born,
and the day you discover why.
and the day you discover why.
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cea în care ne naștem
și cea în care aflăm pentru ce.
și cea în care aflăm pentru ce.
05:36
That day standing up in that stadium
shouting at the President,
shouting at the President,
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În ziua în care am strigat
la președinte pe stadion,
la președinte pe stadion,
05:40
I discovered why I was truly born,
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am descoperit de ce m-am născut
și că nu voi mai ignora nedreptatea.
și că nu voi mai ignora nedreptatea.
05:43
that I would no longer be silent
in the face of injustice.
in the face of injustice.
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05:47
Do you know why you were born?
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Știți de ce v-ați născut?
05:51
Thank you.
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Vă mulțumesc.
(Aplauze)
05:53
(Applause)
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06:00
Tom Rielly: It's an amazing story.
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Tom Rielly: E o poveste uimitoare.
06:03
I just want to ask you
a couple quick questions.
a couple quick questions.
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Vreau să te întreb ceva rapid.
06:05
So PAWA254:
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Cu PAWA254
06:07
you've created a studio, a place
where young people can go
where young people can go
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ați creat un atelier,
un spațiu în care tinerii,
un spațiu în care tinerii,
06:12
and harness the power of digital media
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prin puterea mass-mediei digitale
pot organiza acțiuni.
pot organiza acțiuni.
06:14
to do some of this action.
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06:16
What's happening now with PAWA?
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Ce se întâmplă acum cu PAWA?
06:18
Boniface Mwangi: So we have
this community of filmmakers,
this community of filmmakers,
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Boniface Mwangi: Avem această
comunitate de regizori,
comunitate de regizori,
06:21
graffiti artists, musicians,
and when there's an issue in the country,
and when there's an issue in the country,
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artiști graffiti, muzicieni
și când se întâmplă ceva în țară
și când se întâmplă ceva în țară
ne întâlnim, facem brainstorming
și ne organizăm.
și ne organizăm.
06:24
we come together, we brainstorm,
and take up on that issue.
and take up on that issue.
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06:27
So our most powerful tool is art,
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Cea mai puternică unealtă a noastră e arta
pentru că trăim într-o lume ocupată,
pentru că trăim într-o lume ocupată,
06:29
because we live in a very busy world
where people are so busy in their life,
where people are so busy in their life,
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oamenii sunt așa ocupați cu vieților lor
încât n-au timp să citească.
încât n-au timp să citească.
06:33
and they don't have time to read.
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06:35
So we package our activism
and we package our message in art.
and we package our message in art.
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Așa că ne transmitem mesajul prin artă.
06:39
So from the music, the graffiti,
the art, that's what we do.
the art, that's what we do.
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Prin muzică, graffiti, artă,
asta facem noi.
asta facem noi.
06:45
Can I say one more thing?
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Pot să adaug ceva?
06:47
TR: Yeah, of course. (Applause)
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TR: Bineînțeles. (Aplauze)
06:49
BM: In spite of being arrested,
beaten up, threatened,
beaten up, threatened,
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BM: Chiar dacă am fost arestat, bătut,
amenințat, când mi-am descoperit vocea,
amenințat, când mi-am descoperit vocea,
06:52
the moment I discovered my voice,
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06:53
that I could actually stand up
for what I really believed in,
for what I really believed in,
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când am văzut că pot susţine lucrurile
în care cred, nu mi-a mai fost frică.
în care cred, nu mi-a mai fost frică.
06:56
I'm no longer afraid.
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1038
Mi se spunea „Softy”, dar nu mai sunt așa,
pentru că ştiu cine sunt, ce vreau să fac
pentru că ştiu cine sunt, ce vreau să fac
06:57
I used to be called softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
but I'm no longer softy,
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2742
07:00
because I discovered who I really am,
as in, that's what I want to do,
as in, that's what I want to do,
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și e atâta frumuseţe în asta.
07:03
and there's such beauty in doing that.
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07:06
There's nothing as powerful as that,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
knowing that I'm meant to do this,
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Cel mai puternic lucru
e să-ți afli rostul,
e să-ți afli rostul,
07:10
because you don't get scared,
you just continue living your life.
you just continue living your life.
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3147
pentru că nu te mai temi,
ci îți trăiești viața.
ci îți trăiești viața.
Mulțumesc.
07:13
Thank you.
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(Aplauze şi ovaţii)
07:15
(Applause)
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3590
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Boniface Mwangi -Boniface Mwangi is an award-winning Kenyan photographer, artist and activist. He is a TED Fellow.
Why you should listen
For four years Boniface Mwangi held a staff photography position at The Standard, the second largest Kenyan newspaper, taking on various assignments of increasing responsibility in a number of countries. Mwangi became the eye of Kenyans during the 2007 post-election violence and showed courage and compassion to capture thousands of images, some so gory that they could not be published.
Following the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
More profile about the speakerFollowing the political resolution to the election crisis, Boniface started to see himself as a visual artist, using photography as the vehicle for social change in Kenya. His focus was the fight against the impunity of politicians in the face of over 1000 dead and half a million people displaced as a result of the violence they caused.
"Boniface’s images are crucial for the healing of our nation; his ability to stay focused and inject a sense of artistry into his work is a testimony to the spirit of professional journalism," wrote Jackson Biko after Boniface was voted Kenya Photojournalist of the Year in 2008 by readers of Adam, a men’s magazine in the country.
Since then, Boniface has continued to work as a freelance photographer for Bloomberg, the AFP, Reuters, the Boston Globe, and other media outlets while building a movement for social change in Kenya through “Picha Mtaani” (Swahili for street exhibition). The photo exhibit aims to heal the scars of Kenyans and draw their attention to the dynamics of the violence to prevent a repeat during the upcoming elections of 2013.
Boniface founded Pawa254 as a collaborative hub where journalists, artists and activists could meet to find innovative ways of achieving social change. The hub has already had many functions, but two campaigns stand out. “Heal the Nation” is a very successful initiative to show a half-hour documentary about post-election violence to as many Kenyans as possible and facilitate discussions around the film. The campaign is accompanied by a more shadowy graffiti campaign that has evoked strong reactions and fired up the youth of Kenya and the world, as images of the clever graffiti grace the pages of the world’s newspapers.
In 2009 United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote a letter commending Boniface for his work during the post-election violence. She stated, "Your photography is absolutely stunning and tells an important and powerful story for the world to hear."
Boniface Mwangi | Speaker | TED.com