TEDGlobal 2010
Caroline Phillips: Hurdy-gurdy for beginners
Caroline Phillips: zarrabetea hasiberrientzat
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Caroline Phillipsek oso gutxitan entzundako musika herri-tresna bati doinuak ateratzen dizkio: zarrabetea, "gurpil- biola" moduan ere ezagutua. Euskal doinu sarkor bat, musika-tresnaren anatomia bereziari eta milaka urteko historiari buruzko ikasgai dibertigarri baten ondoren.
Caroline Phillips - Musician
Caroline Phillips' rich, soprano voice conjures up the far-and-wide cultures of the world, especially the sound and language of the Basque Country. Full bio
Caroline Phillips' rich, soprano voice conjures up the far-and-wide cultures of the world, especially the sound and language of the Basque Country. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now, since this is TEDGlobal,
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TEDGlobalean gaudenez gero
00:17
who can tell me what this is called in French?
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nork esan diezadake zelan deitzen den hau frantsesez?
00:21
I see you're all up on the history of hurdy-gurdy --
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"hurdy-gurdy"aren historian interesatuta zaudetela ikusten dut.
00:23
"vielle à roue."
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"Vielle à roue".
00:25
And in Spanish, "zanfona."
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Gasteleraz "zanfoña" da.
00:27
And in Italian, "ghironda," okay?
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Eta italieraz, "ghironda", ez da?
00:29
Hurdy-gurdy, or wheel fiddle.
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Zarrabetea, edo "gurpil biola" da.
00:32
So, these are the different kinds and shapes of the hurdy-gurdy.
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Mota eta itxura ezberdinekoak daude.
00:35
The hurdy-gurdy is the only musical instrument
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Zarrabetea musika-tresna bakarra da
00:38
that uses a crank to turn a wheel
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gurpil bati eragiteko biradera bat erabiltzen duena
00:41
to rub strings, like the bow of a violin,
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hariak igurtzitzeko, bibolinaren arkuak bezala,
00:44
to produce music.
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musika sortzeko.
00:46
It has three different kinds of strings.
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Hiru motatako hariak dauzka.
00:49
The first string is the drone string,
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Lehenengo mota pordoiak dira;
00:52
which plays a continuous sound like the bagpipe.
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hauek gaiten antzeko soinu jarraia igortzen dute.
00:57
The second string is a melody string,
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Bigarren mota hari melodikoak dira;
00:59
which is played with a wooden keyboard tuned like a piano.
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hauek pianoa bezala afinatutako zurezko teklatu batekin jotzen dira.
01:08
And the third string is pretty innovative.
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Hirugarren mota nahiko berriztatzailea da.
01:10
It's also the only instrument
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Teknika hau erabiltzen duen gaur eguneko
01:12
that uses this kind of technique.
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tresna bakarra da, bestalde.
01:15
It activates what's called the buzzing bridge, or the dog.
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Burrunba-zubia edo txakurra deitzen dena aktibatzen du.
01:19
When I turn the crank and I apply pressure,
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Biraderari eragin eta presioa egiten diodanean
01:25
it makes a sound like a barking dog.
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txakur zaunkaren antzeko soinua egiten du, ezta?
01:29
So all of this is pretty innovative,
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Hau guztia nahiko berriztatzailea da
01:31
if you consider
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kontuan izanda
01:33
that the hurdy-gurdy appeared about a thousand years ago
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zarrabetea duela milaka urte sortu zela
01:35
and it took two people to play it;
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eta jotzeko bi pertsona behar zirela:
01:37
one to turn the crank,
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bata biraderari eragiteko
01:39
and another person -- yes -- to play the melody
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eta bestea zurezko tekla handi batzuk
01:41
by physically pulling up large wooden pegs.
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sakatuz doinua jotzeko.
01:45
Luckily, all of this changed a couple of centuries later.
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Zorionez, hau guztia bi mende beranduago aldatu zen.
01:48
So, one person could actually play
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Horrela, pertsona bakar batek jo dezake
01:50
and almost -- this is pretty heavy --
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eta ia-ia... hau nahiko astuna da...
01:52
carry the hurdy-gurdy.
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zarrabetea eramatea.
01:55
The hurdy-gurdy has been used, historically, through the centuries
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Zarrabetea, historikoki, mendeetan zehar, erabili izan da
01:58
in mostly dance music
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batez ere dantzarako musikan,
02:00
because of the uniqueness of the melody
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bere doinuaren berezitasunagatik
02:03
combined with the acoustic boombox here.
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soinu-tresneria honekin konbinatuta.
02:06
And today, the hurdy-gurdy is used in all sorts of music --
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Gaur egun zarrabetea musika mota guztietan erabiltzen da:
02:09
traditional folk music,
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herri musika tradizionalean,
02:11
dance, contemporary
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musika garaikidean, dantzan
02:13
and world music --
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eta munduko musikan.
02:16
in the U.K., in France, in Spain
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Erresuma Batuan, Frantzian, Espainian
02:18
and in Italy.
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eta Italian.
02:20
And this kind of hurdy-gurdy takes anywhere from three to five years [to order and receive it].
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Mota honetako zarrabete bat egiteko 3 eta 5 urte bitartean behar dira.
02:23
It's made by specialized luthiers,
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Luthier espezializatuek egiten dute,
02:25
also in Europe.
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Europan ere.
02:28
And it's very difficult to tune.
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Eta oso zaila da afinatzea.
02:32
So without further ado, would you like to hear it?
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Orduan, besterik gabe, entzutea gustatuko litzaizueke?
02:34
(Audience: Yes.)
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(Entzuleak: Bai)
02:36
Caroline Phillips: I didn't hear you. Would you like to hear it? (Audience: Yes!)
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Caroline Phillips: Ez dizuet entzuten. Entzutea gustatuko litzaizueke? (Entzuleak: Bai)
02:38
CP: Okay.
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Ondo
02:40
There I go.
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Badoa.
02:43
I'd like to sing in Basque,
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Tira, euskaraz abestea gustatuko litzaidake,
02:45
which is the language spoken in the Basque Country where I live,
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Euskal Herriko hizkuntza da ta, bizi naizen lekua,
02:48
in the region in France and Spain.
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Frantzia eta Espainiako herrialde bat.
02:51
(Music)
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(Musika)
03:00
[Basque]
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[Euskara]
03:45
(Music)
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(Musika)
04:36
Thank you.
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Eskerrik asko.
04:38
(Applause)
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(Txaloak)
04:40
This is a song that I wrote
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Abesti hau idatzi nuen
04:43
based on traditional Basque rhythms.
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euskal erritmoetan oinarrituta.
04:46
And this is a song that has a kind of a Celtic feel.
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Eta egia esan zeltiar musikaren kutsua dauka.
04:50
(Music)
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(Musika)
05:30
Thank you. Thank you.
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Eskerrik asko.
05:32
(Applause)
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(Txaloak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Caroline Phillips - MusicianCaroline Phillips' rich, soprano voice conjures up the far-and-wide cultures of the world, especially the sound and language of the Basque Country.
Why you should listen
Californian-born, French-resident entrepreneur and musician Caroline Phillips is one half of Basque music duo Bidaia, alongside Mixel Ducau. Her searching, Moroccan- and East Indian-inflected vocals are accompanied by the distinctive, folky sounds of the hurdy-gurdy, an unfamiliar and unusual string instrument operated with a crank-turned wheel.
Throughout her years as a professional musician, Phillips has regularly performed in jazz clubs and toured with her one-woman show in the Caribbean and North Africa.
Caroline Phillips | Speaker | TED.com