Triona McGrath: How pollution is changing the ocean's chemistry
트리오나 맥그라스(Triona McGrath): 대기오염은 해양의 화학적 성질을 어떻게 변화시키는가
Triona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the oceans are in our daily lives?
얼마나 중요한지 생각해보셨나요?
and medicine and food
먹거리도 제공합니다.
to feed the entire world population.
단백질 양의 20%를 바다에서 얻지요.
that the oceans were so vast
by human activities.
미처 생각하지 못했습니다.
about a serious reality
현실에 대하여 말씀드리고자 합니다.
called ocean acidification,
기후 변화의 쌍둥이라고 불리는
25 percent of all of the carbon dioxide
이산화탄소 중에서 25%를
알고 계신가요?
provided by the oceans
is one of the greenhouse gases
more and more and more
바다로 흡수되지요.
our ocean chemistry.
바뀌게 됩니다.
of chemical reactions.
the details of the chemistry for today.
간단하게 설명드리겠습니다.
carbon dioxide enters the ocean,
is an increase in ocean acidity.
is called ocean acidification.
'해양 산성화'라고 부릅니다.
alongside climate change.
동시에 발생합니다.
ocean acidification for over two decades.
해양 산성화를 관찰하고 있습니다.
time series in Hawaii,
변동하는 수치를 기록한 것입니다.
concentrations of carbon dioxide,
대기 중에서 이산화탄소 농도가
알 수 있습니다.
of human activities.
분명하게 보여주지요.
concentrations of carbon dioxide
녹아있는 이산화탄소의 농도가
in the surface of the ocean
at the same rate
since measurements began.
then shows the change in chemistry.
화학 반응에 대한 변화를 보여줍니다.
has entered the ocean,
an increase in ocean acidity.
증가한다는 것을 의미하지요.
monitoring ocean acidification --
골웨이 아일랜드 국립대의 학자들도
Institute and NUI Galway.
acidification at the same rate
해양 산성화 수치 역시
sites around the world.
벌어지고 있는 현상인 것이죠.
of just how we collect our data
바다의 변화를 관찰하기 위해
말씀드리겠습니다.
in the middle of winter.
표본을 많이 수집합니다.
in the North Atlantic
stormy conditions --
who get a little motion sickness,
some very valuable data.
가치있는 데이터를 수집합니다.
over the side of the ship,
that are mounted on the bottom
the surrounding water,
알 수 있게 되지요.
or dissolved oxygen.
산소의 양과 같은 정보들이요.
samples in these large bottles.
이렇게 큰 병에 수집합니다.
which can be over four kilometers deep
작업을 시작하는 것입니다.
right up to the surface.
샘플을 표면으로 올립니다.
analyze them on the ship
for the different chemicals parameters.
연구소로 보냅니다.
going to affect all of us?
어떤 영향을 미치는 걸까요?
말씀드리겠습니다.
in ocean acidity of 26 percent
해양 산성화는 26% 증가했습니다.
which is directly due to human activities.
결과임을 알 수 있지요.
our carbon dioxide emissions,
노력을 시작하지 않으면
in ocean acidity of 170 percent
170%로 증가할 것이라고
our children's lifetime.
벌어지는 일입니다.
is 10 times faster
해양 산성화의 속도보다
for over 55 million years.
ever experienced
이렇게 빠른 변화를
how they're going to cope.
사실 저희도 알 수가 없습니다.
event millions of years ago,
수백만년 전에는
than what we're seeing today.
of many marine species.
대량 멸종 시기와 일치합니다.
some species are actually doing quite well
잘 적응하고 있다고 합니다.
부정적인 반응을 보입니다.
as ocean acidity increases,
가장 염려되는 부분은
ions in seawater decrease.
the building blocks
to make their shells,
ions in seawater
탄산염 이온을 필요로 합니다.
in order to build coral reefs.
of carbonate ions decrease,
to make their shells.
더 어려워집니다.
they can actually begin to dissolve.
껍질은 분해되기 시작합니다.
it's called a sea butterfly.
(sea butterfly)입니다.
in the ocean for many species,
중요한 먹이 중의 하나로
고래도 이것을 먹습니다.
was placed into seawater
예상되는 pH농도로 만들었고
by the end of this century.
at this very realistic pH,
has almost completely dissolved.
right up through the food chain --
직접적으로 영향을 미칠 것이고
likes shellfish? Or salmon?
연어를 좋아하시나요?
영향을 받고 있는
in the ocean could be affected?
해수에서 사는 산호입니다.
cold-water corals in Irish waters,
차가운 해수에서 사는 산호가 있다는
including some very important fisheries.
유지시키는 역할을 합니다.
by the end of this century,
in the entire ocean
that is dissolving their coral structure.
are these healthy tropical corals.
열대 산호를 한 번 보십시오.
we're expecting by the year 2100.
바닷물에 산호를 넣어보았습니다.
has almost completely dissolved.
in the entire ocean.
acidification is a global threat.
위험에 빠지게 될 것입니다.
늦추려는 노력을 하지 않는다면
will look like when he's a grown man.
바다의 모습이 어떨지 상상해 보십시오.
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
이미 너무 많습니다.
늦출 수 있습니다.
피할 수가 있습니다.
carbon dioxide emissions.
for industry, for governments.
모두에게 중요한 일입니다.
slow down global warming
지구 온난화와 해양 산성화의
and a healthy planet
보존해야 합니다.
and for generations to come.
우리 아이들을 위한 일입니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Triona McGrath - Chemical oceanographerTriona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities.
Why you should listen
Dr. Triona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities, particularly in relation to ocean acidification. Specifically, McGrath monitors levels of carbon dioxide in Irish marine waters to determine the accumulation and movement of carbon in the ocean and subsequent increase in ocean acidity. McGrath and her colleagues published the first rates of ocean acidification for Irish offshore waters and the first baseline dataset of carbon parameters in Irish coastal waters. This is crucial in our understanding of the future health of our oceans along with providing information to determine the impacts of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems.
McGrath is a post-doctorate researcher at the National University of Ireland, Galway, funded by the Marine Institute, Ireland. She has been researching ocean climate change since 2008; her latest research project started in February 2017, and for the next four years she will work with colleagues to further develop ocean acidification research in Ireland through the continuation of an ongoing time series in the Rockall Trough and the determination of seasonal and interannual variability of the carbon system in coastal waters. McGrath is a Fulbright Scholar, receiving a Fulbright Postdoctoral Scholarship in 2013 to visit Prof. Andrew Dickson’s laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego to further develop analytical skills in ocean carbon chemistry.
McGrath has a Ph.D. in Chemical Oceanography and Bachelor of Marine Science from the National University of Ireland, Galway.
Triona McGrath | Speaker | TED.com