Triona McGrath: How pollution is changing the ocean's chemistry
Triona McGrath: Hvordan forurensning endrer havets kjemi
Triona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the oceans are in our daily lives?
havene er i hverdagen vår?
av planeten vår.
oksygenet vi puster.
and medicine and food
to feed the entire world population.
til for å føde hele jordens befolkning.
that the oceans were so vast
by human activities.
av menneskelig aktivitet.
about a serious reality
en alvorlig virkelighet
called ocean acidification,
kalt forsuring av hav,
25 percent of all of the carbon dioxide
av alt det karbondioksidet
provided by the oceans
fantastisk tjeneste havene tilbyr,
is one of the greenhouse gases
er en av drivhusgassene
more and more and more
å pumpe mer og mer og mer
our ocean chemistry.
of chemical reactions.
the details of the chemistry for today.
i detaljene i kjemien i dag.
carbon dioxide enters the ocean,
mer karbondioksid tas opp i havet
is an increase in ocean acidity.
en økning i havets surhetsgrad.
is called ocean acidification.
alongside climate change.
ocean acidification for over two decades.
havforsuring i mer enn to tiår.
time series in Hawaii,
tidsserie fra Hawaii.
concentrations of carbon dioxide,
av konsentrasjonen av karbondioksid,
of human activities.
av menneskelig aktivitet.
concentrations of carbon dioxide
konsentrasjon av karbondioksid
in the surface of the ocean
at the same rate
since measurements began.
helt siden målingene begynte.
then shows the change in chemistry.
endringen i kjemi.
has entered the ocean,
har blitt tatt opp i havet,
an increase in ocean acidity.
en økning i havets surhetsgrad.
monitoring ocean acidification --
forskere havforsuring -
Institute and NUI Galway.
og NUI Galway.
acidification at the same rate
sites around the world.
havtidsserier rundt om i verden.
of just how we collect our data
hvordan vi samler inn dataene våre
in the middle of winter.
prøvene våre midt på vinteren.
in the North Atlantic
stormy conditions --
who get a little motion sickness,
som blir litt sjøsyke,
some very valuable data.
veldig verdifulle data.
over the side of the ship,
ned fra siden av skipet,
that are mounted on the bottom
som er festet på bunnen
the surrounding water,
om det omliggende vannet,
or dissolved oxygen.
samples in these large bottles.
i disse store flaskene.
which can be over four kilometers deep
som kan være over 4 kilometer ned,
right up to the surface.
jevne intervaller, helt opp til overflaten.
analyze them on the ship
for the different chemicals parameters.
ulike kjemiske parameterne.
going to affect all of us?
til å påvirke oss alle?
in ocean acidity of 26 percent
i havets surhetsgrad på 26%
which is directly due to human activities.
direkte knyttet til menneskelig aktivitet
our carbon dioxide emissions,
utslippene våre av karbondioksid,
in ocean acidity of 170 percent
havets surhetsgrad på 170%
our children's lifetime.
is 10 times faster
er 10 ganger raskere
for over 55 million years.
på mer enn 55 millioner år.
ever experienced
aldri noen gang opplevd
how they're going to cope.
hvordan det vil klare dette.
event millions of years ago,
for millioner av år siden,
than what we're seeing today.
of many marine species.
masseutryddelse av mange marine arter.
some species are actually doing quite well
faktisk klarer seg veldig bra,
as ocean acidity increases,
at når havets surhetsgrad øker
ions in seawater decrease.
av karbonationer i sjøvann.
the building blocks
rett og slett byggeklosser
to make their shells,
for å lage skjellene deres,
eller blåskjell, østers.
ions in seawater
karbonat-ionene i sjøvann
in order to build coral reefs.
å kunne bygge korallrev.
of carbonate ions decrease,
av karbonat-ioner minker,
to make their shells.
slite med å lage skjellene sine.
they can actually begin to dissolve.
de faktisk begynne å gå i oppløsning.
it's called a sea butterfly.
den er kalt en sjøsommerfugl.
in the ocean for many species,
i havet for mange arter,
helt opp til hvaler.
was placed into seawater
plassert i sjøvann
by the end of this century.
ved slutten av dette århundret.
at this very realistic pH,
denne veldig realistiske pHen,
has almost completely dissolved.
har gått fullstendig i oppløsning.
right up through the food chain --
opp gjennom næringskjeden
likes shellfish? Or salmon?
her liker skalldyr? Eller laks?
in the ocean could be affected?
i havet kan bli påvirket?
cold-water corals in Irish waters,
kaldtvannskoraller i irske farvann,
including some very important fisheries.
noen veldig viktige fiskekolonier.
by the end of this century,
at ved slutten av dette århundret
in the entire ocean
kaldtvannskoraller i alle hav
that is dissolving their coral structure.
løser opp korallstrukturen deres.
are these healthy tropical corals.
er disse friske tropiske korallene.
we're expecting by the year 2100.
pH tilsvarende det vi forventer i 2100.
has almost completely dissolved.
nesten gått fullstendig i oppløsning.
in the entire ocean.
acidification is a global threat.
havforsuring er en global trussel.
med å bremse dette,
will look like when he's a grown man.
havene våre vil se ut når han er voksen.
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
karbondioksid til atmosfæren.
tenkelige scenariet.
carbon dioxide emissions.
av karbondioksid.
for industry, for governments.
for industrien og for styresmakter.
slow down global warming
bremse global oppvarming
and a healthy planet
et sunt hav og en sunn planet
and for generations to come.
kommende generasjoner.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Triona McGrath - Chemical oceanographerTriona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities.
Why you should listen
Dr. Triona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities, particularly in relation to ocean acidification. Specifically, McGrath monitors levels of carbon dioxide in Irish marine waters to determine the accumulation and movement of carbon in the ocean and subsequent increase in ocean acidity. McGrath and her colleagues published the first rates of ocean acidification for Irish offshore waters and the first baseline dataset of carbon parameters in Irish coastal waters. This is crucial in our understanding of the future health of our oceans along with providing information to determine the impacts of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems.
McGrath is a post-doctorate researcher at the National University of Ireland, Galway, funded by the Marine Institute, Ireland. She has been researching ocean climate change since 2008; her latest research project started in February 2017, and for the next four years she will work with colleagues to further develop ocean acidification research in Ireland through the continuation of an ongoing time series in the Rockall Trough and the determination of seasonal and interannual variability of the carbon system in coastal waters. McGrath is a Fulbright Scholar, receiving a Fulbright Postdoctoral Scholarship in 2013 to visit Prof. Andrew Dickson’s laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego to further develop analytical skills in ocean carbon chemistry.
McGrath has a Ph.D. in Chemical Oceanography and Bachelor of Marine Science from the National University of Ireland, Galway.
Triona McGrath | Speaker | TED.com