Triona McGrath: How pollution is changing the ocean's chemistry
Triona McGrath: Como a poluição está mudando a química dos oceanos
Triona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities. Full bio
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the oceans are in our daily lives?
dos oceanos em nossa vida diária?
dois terços de nosso planeta.
que respiramos.
and medicine and food
remédios e alimentos,
to feed the entire world population.
para alimentar toda a população mundial.
that the oceans were so vast
que os oceanos eram tão vastos
by human activities.
pelas atividades humanas.
about a serious reality
called ocean acidification,
chamada acidificação dos oceanos,
25 percent of all of the carbon dioxide
25% de todo o dióxido de carbono
provided by the oceans
prestado pelos oceanos
is one of the greenhouse gases
é um dos gases do efeito estufa
as mudanças climáticas.
more and more and more
dióxido de carbono na atmosfera,
our ocean chemistry.
a química de nossos oceanos.
o dióxido de carbono
of chemical reactions.
de reações químicas.
the details of the chemistry for today.
em detalhes quanto a essa química.
o dióxido de carbono entra nos oceanos,
carbon dioxide enters the ocean,
is an increase in ocean acidity.
um aumento na acidez dos oceanos.
is called ocean acidification.
de acidificação dos oceanos
alongside climate change.
com as mudanças climáticas.
ocean acidification for over two decades.
dos oceanos há mais de duas décadas.
time series in Hawaii,
importante no Havaí.
concentrations of carbon dioxide,
um aumento constante
de carbono, ou CO2, na atmosfera.
of human activities.
das atividades humanas.
concentrations of carbon dioxide
das concentrações de dióxido de carbono
in the surface of the ocean
at the same rate
aumenta na mesma proporção
since measurements began.
desde o início das medições.
then shows the change in chemistry.
a mudança na química.
has entered the ocean,
de carbono entra nos oceanos,
an increase in ocean acidity.
um aumento na acidez dos oceanos.
monitoring ocean acidification --
monitorando a acidificação dos oceanos,
Institute and NUI Galway.
e do NUI Galway.
acidification at the same rate
a acidificação na mesma proporção
sites around the world.
temporal de oceanos ao redor do mundo.
of just how we collect our data
de como colhemos os dados
in the middle of winter.
no meio do inverno.
in the North Atlantic
stormy conditions --
críticas de tempestades,
who get a little motion sickness,
some very valuable data.
alguns dados muito valiosos.
over the side of the ship,
pelo lado de fora do navio,
that are mounted on the bottom
the surrounding water,
sobre a água ao redor,
or dissolved oxygen.
ou o oxigênio dissolvido.
samples in these large bottles.
da água do mar nestas grandes garrafas.
which can be over four kilometers deep
a mais de 4 km de profundidade
right up to the surface.
regulares até a superfície.
analyze them on the ship
for the different chemicals parameters.
parâmetros químicos.
going to affect all of us?
irá afetar todos nós?
in ocean acidity of 26 percent
na acidez dos oceanos
which is directly due to human activities.
devido diretamente às atividades humanas.
our carbon dioxide emissions,
as emissões de dióxido de carbono,
in ocean acidity of 170 percent
de 170% na acidez dos oceanos
our children's lifetime.
is 10 times faster
é dez vezes mais rápida
for over 55 million years.
durante mais de 55 milhões de anos.
ever experienced
how they're going to cope.
como ela irá reagir.
event millions of years ago,
uma ocorrência de acidificação natural
than what we're seeing today.
of many marine species.
de muitas espécies marinhas.
some species are actually doing quite well
realmente indo muito bem
uma reação negativa.
as ocean acidity increases,
à medida que a acidez dos oceanos aumenta,
ions in seawater decrease.
na água do mar diminui.
the building blocks
os elementos de construção
to make their shells,
fazerem suas conchas,
mexilhões e ostras.
ions in seawater
de carbonato na água do mar
in order to build coral reefs.
e construírem os recifes de coral.
of carbonate ions decrease,
de carbonato diminui,
to make their shells.
em fazer suas conchas.
they can actually begin to dissolve.
podem até começar a se dissolver.
it's called a sea butterfly.
chamado borboleta-do-mar.
in the ocean for many species,
nos oceanos para muitas espécies
was placed into seawater
foi colocada na água do mar
by the end of this century.
até o final deste século.
at this very realistic pH,
com este pH muito realista,
has almost completely dissolved.
quase se dissolveu por completo.
right up through the food chain --
pode afetar toda a cadeia alimentar,
likes shellfish? Or salmon?
in the ocean could be affected?
pode vir a ser afetada?
cold-water corals in Irish waters,
de água fria em águas irlandesas,
plataforma continental?
including some very important fisheries.
uma rica biodiversidade,
muito importantes.
by the end of this century,
até o final deste século,
in the entire ocean
conhecidos em todo o oceano
that is dissolving their coral structure.
que dissolverá a estrutura do coral.
are these healthy tropical corals.
são estes saudáveis corais tropicais.
we're expecting by the year 2100.
com um pH que esperamos até o ano 2100.
has almost completely dissolved.
quase se dissolveu completamente.
in the entire ocean.
em todo o oceano.
acidification is a global threat.
dos oceanos é uma ameaça global.
a diminuir esse problema,
will look like when he's a grown man.
nossos oceanos quando ele for adulto.
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
de carbono na atmosfera.
carbon dioxide emissions.
de dióxido de carbono.
for industry, for governments.
para a indústria e para os governos.
reduzir o aquecimento global,
slow down global warming
e nosso planeta saudáveis
and a healthy planet
and for generations to come.
e para as gerações futuras.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Triona McGrath - Chemical oceanographerTriona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities.
Why you should listen
Dr. Triona McGrath researches how the oceans are changing due to human activities, particularly in relation to ocean acidification. Specifically, McGrath monitors levels of carbon dioxide in Irish marine waters to determine the accumulation and movement of carbon in the ocean and subsequent increase in ocean acidity. McGrath and her colleagues published the first rates of ocean acidification for Irish offshore waters and the first baseline dataset of carbon parameters in Irish coastal waters. This is crucial in our understanding of the future health of our oceans along with providing information to determine the impacts of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems.
McGrath is a post-doctorate researcher at the National University of Ireland, Galway, funded by the Marine Institute, Ireland. She has been researching ocean climate change since 2008; her latest research project started in February 2017, and for the next four years she will work with colleagues to further develop ocean acidification research in Ireland through the continuation of an ongoing time series in the Rockall Trough and the determination of seasonal and interannual variability of the carbon system in coastal waters. McGrath is a Fulbright Scholar, receiving a Fulbright Postdoctoral Scholarship in 2013 to visit Prof. Andrew Dickson’s laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego to further develop analytical skills in ocean carbon chemistry.
McGrath has a Ph.D. in Chemical Oceanography and Bachelor of Marine Science from the National University of Ireland, Galway.
Triona McGrath | Speaker | TED.com