Barry Schwartz: The way we think about work is broken
बॅरी श्वार्टझ: नोकरीबाबत आपला विचार हताश करणारा आहे
Barry Schwartz studies the link between economics and psychology, offering startling insights into modern life. Lately, working with Ken Sharpe, he's studying wisdom. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and answer is this:
ज्याचं उत्तर द्यायचं आहे तो हा:
out of bed every morning
आपण निरीच्छेने बाहेर का पडतो.
TED-like adventure to another?
धाडसाकडे उड्या मारण्यात घालवू शकत असताना?
that very question.
प्रश्न विचारत असाल.
we have to make a living,
हे उदरनिर्वाहासाठी करावे लागते .
that that's the answer to the question,
कुणालाच ते या प्रश्नाचं उत्तर वाटत नाही
the work we do is challenging,
असलेले काम आव्हानात्मक,
it's meaningful.
अर्थपूर्ण वाटतं.
it might even be important.
ते महत्वाचं देखील असेल.
if we didn't get paid,
are a pretty bad reason
मोबदला वाईट असतो
that he's "in it for the money,"
"तो पैशांसाठी ते करतो,"
raises what is for me
माझ्या दृष्टीने अतिशय गहन असलेला
majority of people on the planet,
has none of the characteristics
गुणधर्म का नसावा
and off to the office every morning?
उठवून कामावर जाण्यास प्रेरित करतो?
the majority of people on the planet
कशी काय परवानगी देतो
meaningless and soul-deadening?
काम करण्याची?
त्यामुळे का बरं
of goods and services,
मार्ग तयार झाला
that might come from work were eliminated?
पलीकडे असणारे समाधान मिळेनासे झाले?
in call centers,
कॉल सेंटर्समध्ये असो,
to do what they do except for pay.
कारण त्यांचं ते काम करण्यामागे नाही.
screws people, blah blah --
वाट लावते वगैरे वगैरे --
the kind of technology
बोलत नाही ज्यानी
and that people come to TED to hear about.
ज्याविषयी ऐकण्यासाठी लोक TED मध्ये येतात.
the technology of things,
नाही आहे
science creates ideas.
कल्पनासुद्धा तयार करते.
are ways of understanding ourselves.
स्वतःला समजून घेण्याचे मार्ग असतात.
on how we think, what we aspire to,
प्रक्रियेवर, आपल्या आकांक्षांवर आणि
is God's will, you pray.
हि देवाची इच्छा आहे,
of your own inadequacy,
तुमच्या अपरिपूर्णतेचा परिणाम
the result of oppression and domination,
हा अत्याचार आणि वर्चस्वाचा परिणाम आहे
is resignation or revolution,
स्थितप्रज्ञता आहे का क्रांती हे तुम्ही
the sources of your poverty.
कसे समजता यावर अवलंबून आहे.
in shaping us as human beings,
कल्पना हीच भूमिका अदा करतात,
the most profoundly important technology
सर्वात गहन महत्वाचे तंत्रज्ञान आहे
about idea technology,
एक विशेष आहे,
from the technology of things.
वेगळे करते.
will not go away
दूर जात नाहीत
that they're true,
and institutions
ज्या त्या कल्पनाधारीत
with these very false ideas.
created a factory system
कारखान्याची पद्धत तयार केली
could possibly get out of your day's work,
फारसं काही मिळत नाही,
one of the fathers
औद्योगिक क्रांतीच्या
Adam Smith --
अॅडम स्मिथ --
were by their very natures lazy,
मूळ स्वभावानुसार आळशी असतात,
unless you made it worth their while,
त्यांना ते वेळ देण्यालायक वाटणार नाही,
by giving them rewards.
anyone ever did anything.
केवळ तेच एक कारण होते.
with that false view of human nature.
दृष्टीकोनातून आपण कारखाना पद्धत तयार केली
of production was in place,
प्रस्थापित झाल्यावर
for people to operate,
मार्ग नव्हता,
with Adam Smith's vision.
त्या मार्गाशिवाय.
उदाहरण आहे
can create a circumstance
परिस्थिती निर्माण करू शकतात
good help anymore."
आता मिळत नाही."
that is demeaning and soulless.
नैराश्यपूर्ण काम देता.
this incredible invention
हा अविश्वसनीय शोध लावून दिला
in assembly lines,
तो म्हणला,
in assembly lines, he says:
तो
possible for a human being to become."
सर्वसाधारणतः तो होतो."
possible for a human being to become."
सर्वसाधारणतः होतो."
what Adam Smith was telling us there,
अॅडम स्मिथ आपल्याला काय सांगत होता,
within which people work
करतात
to the demands of that institution
संस्थेची गरज असते
from their work that we take for granted.
समाधान त्यांना मिळायला हवे.
natural science --
असं आहे कि
theories about the cosmos,
सिद्धांत मांडू शकतो,
indifferent to our theories.
वेगळं आहे.
we have about the cosmos.
असले तरीही.
the theories we have of human nature,
सिद्धांतांबाबत आपण काळजी बाळगली पाहिजे
by the theories we have
आपल्या सिद्धांतांनुसार ज्यांची रचना
and help us understand human beings.
आणि समजून घेण्यासाठी केली आहे.
Clifford Geertz, said, years ago,
क्लिफर्ड गिर्टझ म्हणाले होते,
are the "unfinished animals."
was that it is only human nature
केवळ मानवी स्वभावच असा
of the society in which people live.
लोक राहतात.
that is to say our human nature,
मानवी स्वभाव
than it is discovered.
within which people live and work.
राहतात आणि काम करतात.
to being with masters of the universe --
आहात --
yourself a question,
विचारायला हवा,
to run your organizations.
घरी जाल तेव्हा.
do you want to help design?
रचना करण्यास मदत करणार आहात?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Barry Schwartz - PsychologistBarry Schwartz studies the link between economics and psychology, offering startling insights into modern life. Lately, working with Ken Sharpe, he's studying wisdom.
Why you should listen
In his 2004 book The Paradox of Choice, Barry Schwartz tackles one of the great mysteries of modern life: Why is it that societies of great abundance — where individuals are offered more freedom and choice (personal, professional, material) than ever before — are now witnessing a near-epidemic of depression? Conventional wisdom tells us that greater choice is for the greater good, but Schwartz argues the opposite: He makes a compelling case that the abundance of choice in today's western world is actually making us miserable.
Infinite choice is paralyzing, Schwartz argues, and exhausting to the human psyche. It leads us to set unreasonably high expectations, question our choices before we even make them and blame our failures entirely on ourselves. His relatable examples, from consumer products (jeans, TVs, salad dressings) to lifestyle choices (where to live, what job to take, who and when to marry), underscore this central point: Too much choice undermines happiness.
Schwartz's previous research has addressed morality, decision-making and the varied inter-relationships between science and society. Before Paradox he published The Costs of Living, which traces the impact of free-market thinking on the explosion of consumerism -- and the effect of the new capitalism on social and cultural institutions that once operated above the market, such as medicine, sports, and the law.
Both books level serious criticism of modern western society, illuminating the under-reported psychological plagues of our time. But they also offer concrete ideas on addressing the problems, from a personal and societal level.
Schwartz is the author of the TED Book, Why We Work.
Barry Schwartz | Speaker | TED.com