Barry Schwartz: The way we think about work is broken
Barry Schwartz: La manière dont nous pensons le travail est cassée
Barry Schwartz studies the link between economics and psychology, offering startling insights into modern life. Lately, working with Ken Sharpe, he's studying wisdom. Full bio
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and answer is this:
et à laquelle je réponds est :
out of bed every morning
du lit chaque matin
TED-like adventure to another?
d'une aventure TED à une autre ?
that very question.
cette question.
que nous devons gagner notre vie,
we have to make a living,
that that's the answer to the question,
que c'est la réponse à
the work we do is challenging,
le travail que nous faisons est difficile,
it's meaningful.
et significatif.
it might even be important.
il peut même être important.
if we didn't get paid,
sans être payé,
nous le faisons.
matérielles sont une mauvaise raison
are a pretty bad reason
that he's "in it for the money,"
qu'il est « là pour l'argent »,
raises what is for me
soulève ce qui pour moi
majority of people on the planet,
majorité des gens sur la planète,
has none of the characteristics
n'a aucune des caractéristiques
and off to the office every morning?
au bureau tous les matins ?
the majority of people on the planet
la majorité des gens sur la planète
meaningless and soul-deadening?
vide de sens et qui amoindrit l'âme ?
que le capitalisme s'est développé,
of goods and services,
des biens et services, où
that might come from work were eliminated?
des travaux ont été éliminées ?
ce genre de travail,
in call centers,
dans des centres d'appels,
to do what they do except for pay.
de le faire à part pour un salaire.
screws people, blah blah --
l'automatisation baise les gens, bla bla
the kind of technology
and that people come to TED to hear about.
viennent à TED pour en entendre parler.
the technology of things,
la technologie des choses,
science creates ideas.
la science crée des idées.
are ways of understanding ourselves.
sont des moyens de nous comprendre.
on how we think, what we aspire to,
dont nous pensons, ce à quoi nous aspirons
is God's will, you pray.
volonté de Dieu, vous priez.
le résultat de votre propre insuffisance,
of your own inadequacy,
the result of oppression and domination,
résultat d'une oppression et domination,
is resignation or revolution,
résignée ou révoltée,
the sources of your poverty.
les origines de votre pauvreté.
in shaping us as human beings,
nous façonnant en tant qu'êtres humains,
the most profoundly important technology
peut être la plus profondément importante
about idea technology,
à propos de la technologie de l'idée,
par rapport à la technologie des choses.
from the technology of things.
will not go away
ne vont pas disparaître
that they're true,
qu'elles sont vraies,
and institutions
et des institutions
with these very false ideas.
ces idées fausses.
created a factory system
a créé un système d'usines
could possibly get out of your day's work,
à obtenir de votre journée de travail,
one of the fathers
- un des pères
Adam Smith --
Adam Smith -
were by their very natures lazy,
sont par nature fainéants,
unless you made it worth their while,
sauf si vous valorisiez leur temps,
by giving them rewards.
en leur donnant des récompenses.
quelqu'un fasse quelque chose.
anyone ever did anything.
with that false view of human nature.
cette fausse image de la nature humaine.
of production was in place,
en place,
for people to operate,
pour les gens d'opérer,
with Adam Smith's vision.
avec la vision d'Adam Smith.
simplement un exemple
can create a circumstance
peuvent créer une situation
good help anymore."
une bonne aide ».
une bonne aide »
that is demeaning and soulless.
qui est dégradant et inhumain.
this incredible invention
cette incroyable invention,
la division du travail
in assembly lines,
sur une chaîne de montage :
in assembly lines, he says:
possible for a human being to become."
possible à un humain de devenir. »
possible for a human being to become."
possible à un humain de devenir. »
what Adam Smith was telling us there,
ce qu'Adam Smith nous disait ici,
within which people work
au sein de laquelle les gens travaillent,
to the demands of that institution
à la demande de cette institution
from their work that we take for granted.
que nous prenons pour acquis.
natural science --
la science naturelle --
theories about the cosmos,
de fantastiques théories sur le cosmos,
indifferent to our theories.
indifférent à nos théories.
we have about the cosmos.
nous avons sur le cosmos.
the theories we have of human nature,
que nous avons sur la nature humaine,
by the theories we have
par nos théories,
and help us understand human beings.
aider à comprendre les êtres humains.
Clifford Geertz, said, years ago,
a déclaré il y a quelques années,
are the "unfinished animals."
sont les « animaux inachevés ».
was that it is only human nature
que c'est uniquement humain
of the society in which people live.
société dans laquelle les gens vivent.
that is to say our human nature,
c'est-à-dire notre nature humaine,
than it is discovered.
within which people live and work.
lesquelles les gens vivent et travaillent.
to being with masters of the universe --
des maîtres de l'univers -
yourself a question,
une question,
to run your organizations.
pour diriger vos entreprises.
do you want to help design?
voulez-vous aider à concevoir ?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Barry Schwartz - PsychologistBarry Schwartz studies the link between economics and psychology, offering startling insights into modern life. Lately, working with Ken Sharpe, he's studying wisdom.
Why you should listen
In his 2004 book The Paradox of Choice, Barry Schwartz tackles one of the great mysteries of modern life: Why is it that societies of great abundance — where individuals are offered more freedom and choice (personal, professional, material) than ever before — are now witnessing a near-epidemic of depression? Conventional wisdom tells us that greater choice is for the greater good, but Schwartz argues the opposite: He makes a compelling case that the abundance of choice in today's western world is actually making us miserable.
Infinite choice is paralyzing, Schwartz argues, and exhausting to the human psyche. It leads us to set unreasonably high expectations, question our choices before we even make them and blame our failures entirely on ourselves. His relatable examples, from consumer products (jeans, TVs, salad dressings) to lifestyle choices (where to live, what job to take, who and when to marry), underscore this central point: Too much choice undermines happiness.
Schwartz's previous research has addressed morality, decision-making and the varied inter-relationships between science and society. Before Paradox he published The Costs of Living, which traces the impact of free-market thinking on the explosion of consumerism -- and the effect of the new capitalism on social and cultural institutions that once operated above the market, such as medicine, sports, and the law.
Both books level serious criticism of modern western society, illuminating the under-reported psychological plagues of our time. But they also offer concrete ideas on addressing the problems, from a personal and societal level.
Schwartz is the author of the TED Book, Why We Work.
Barry Schwartz | Speaker | TED.com