TEDGlobal 2014
Anastasia Taylor-Lind: Fighters and mourners of the Ukrainian revolution
Anastasia Taylor-Lindová: Bojovníci a oplakávačky ukrajinskej revolúcie
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„Muži vo vojnách bojujú a ženy ich oplakávajú,“ hovorí fotografka Anastasia Taylor-Lindová. Na krutých a dojímavých fotografiách z protestov na Majdane na Ukrajine nám táto prispievateľka TEDu ukazuje dôverné tváre revolúcie. Smutná a krásna reč.
Anastasia Taylor-Lind - Documentary photographer
Anastasia Taylor-Lind is a documentary photographer who works around the world on issues relating to women, birth rights, depopulation and post-conflict regions. Full bio
Anastasia Taylor-Lind is a documentary photographer who works around the world on issues relating to women, birth rights, depopulation and post-conflict regions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
When I arrived in Kiev,
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Keď som prišla do Kyjeva,
00:15
on February 1 this year,
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1. februára tohto roku,
00:17
Independence Square was under siege,
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Námestie nezávislosti bolo obkľúčené,
00:20
surrounded by police
loyal to the government.
loyal to the government.
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obklopené políciou vernou vláde.
00:23
The protesters who occupied Maidan,
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Protestujúci, ktorí okupovali Majdan,
00:26
as the square is known,
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ako je toto námestie známe,
00:28
prepared for battle,
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sa pripravili na boj.
00:29
stockpiling homemade weapons
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Zhromaždili po domácky vyrobené zbrane
00:32
and mass-producing improvised body armor.
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a masovo vyrábané improvizované brnenie.
Euromajdanské protesty začali pokojne
00:36
The Euromaidan protests began peacefully
at the end of 2013,
at the end of 2013,
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na konci roku 2013 po tom, čo ukrajinský
00:41
after the president of Ukraine,
Viktor Yanukovych,
Viktor Yanukovych,
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prezident, Viktor Janukovyč,
00:44
rejected a far-reaching accord
with the European Union
with the European Union
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odmietol ďalekosiahlu dohodu s EÚ
00:47
in favor of stronger ties with Russia.
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a zvolil si silnejšie väzby s Ruskom.
00:50
In response, tens of thousands
of dissatisfied citizens
of dissatisfied citizens
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Odpoveďou na to boli
desaťtisíce nespokojných občanov,
ktorí prišli do centra Kyjeva
00:54
poured into central Kiev
to demonstrate against this allegiance.
to demonstrate against this allegiance.
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demonštrovať proti tejto oddanosti.
00:59
As the months passed,
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Ako mesiace utekali,
konfrontácie medzi políciou
01:01
confrontations between police
and civilians intensified.
and civilians intensified.
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a civilistami sa stupňovali.
01:05
I set up a makeshift portrait studio
by the barricades on Hrushevsky Street.
by the barricades on Hrushevsky Street.
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Založila som si provizórne fotoštúdium
popri barikádach na Hruševského ulici.
Tam som fotila bojovníkov
01:12
There, I photographed
the fighters against a black curtain,
the fighters against a black curtain,
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pred čiernym závesom,
závesom, ktorý zakrýval
01:16
a curtain that obscured
the highly seductive and visual backdrop
the highly seductive and visual backdrop
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veľmi pôsobivé pozadie
01:20
of fire, ice and smoke.
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ohňa, ľadu a dymu.
Na to, aby som tu mohla vyrozprávať
01:24
In order to tell the individual
human stories here,
human stories here,
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jednotlivé ľudské príbehy,
som cítila, že musím
01:28
I felt that I needed to remove
the dramatic visuals
the dramatic visuals
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odstrániť dramatické obrazy,
01:31
that had become so familiar and repetitive
within the mainstream media.
within the mainstream media.
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ktoré sa toľko opakovali
v hlavných médiach.
Stala som sa svedkom nielen správ,
01:36
What I was witnessing
was not only news, but also history.
was not only news, but also history.
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ale aj histórie.
01:40
With this realization,
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Vďaka tomuto poznaniu
01:41
I was free from
the photojournalistic conventions
the photojournalistic conventions
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som sa oslobodila
od fotoreportérskych zvykov,
01:44
of the newspaper and the magazine.
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novín a časopisov.
Oleg, Vasilij a Maxim
01:47
Oleg, Vasiliy and Maxim
were all ordinary men,
were all ordinary men,
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boli obyčajní muži
01:52
with ordinary lives from ordinary towns.
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vedúci obyčajný život, z obyčajných miest.
Ale prepracované kostýmy,
01:56
But the elaborate costumes
that they had bedecked themselves in
that they had bedecked themselves in
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ktorými sa vyzdobili,
01:59
were quite extraordinary.
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boli úplne neobyčajné.
02:00
I say the word "costume"
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Používam slovo „kostým“,
pretože to neboli uniformy,
02:02
because these were not clothes
that had been issued
that had been issued
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ktoré by bol niekto vydal
02:05
or coordinated by anyone.
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alebo zjednotil.
02:07
They were improvised uniforms
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Boli to improvizované uniformy
vyrobené z vojenského materiálu
02:09
made up of decommissioned
military equipment,
military equipment,
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vyradeného z používania,
02:12
irregular combat fatigues
and trophies taken from the police.
and trophies taken from the police.
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neštandardné bojové maskáče
a trofeje ukradnuté polícii.
Začala som sa zaujímať o to,
02:17
I became interested in the way they
were choosing to represent themselves,
were choosing to represent themselves,
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ako sa rozhodli prezentovať sa
02:22
this outward expression of masculinity,
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týmto vonkajším prejavom mužskosti,
02:25
the ideal of the warrior.
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ideálom bojovníka.
Pracovala som pomaly,
02:28
I worked slowly,
using an analog film camera
using an analog film camera
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používajúc analogický fotoaparát
s manuálnym ohniskom
02:32
with a manual focusing loop
and a handheld light meter.
and a handheld light meter.
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a ručným expozimetrom.
02:35
The process is old-fashioned.
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Je to staromódny postup.
02:38
It gives me time to speak with each person
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Dával mi čas porozprávať sa so všetkými
a pozorovať ich, v tichosti,
02:41
and to look at them, in silence,
while they look back at me.
while they look back at me.
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zatiaľ čo oni sa dívali na mňa.
02:47
Rising tensions culminated
in the worst day of violence
in the worst day of violence
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Rastúce napätie vyvrcholilo
dňom najväčšieho násilia,
02:50
on February 20,
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dvadsiatym februárom,
02:52
which became known as Bloody Thursday.
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ktorý sa stal známym ako krvavý štvrtok.
02:55
Snipers, loyal to the government,
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Ostreľovači, verní vláde,
02:57
started firing on the civilians
and protesters on Institutskaya Street.
and protesters on Institutskaya Street.
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začali paľbu na civilistov
a protestujúcich na ulici Institututskaja.
03:03
Many were killed
in a very short space of time.
in a very short space of time.
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Vo veľmi krátkom čase mnohých zabili.
Recepcia hotela Ukrajina sa premenila
03:07
The reception of the Hotel Ukraine
became a makeshift morgue.
became a makeshift morgue.
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na provizórnu márnicu.
03:11
There were lines
of bodies laid in the street.
of bodies laid in the street.
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Rady tiel ležali na ulici.
03:14
And there was blood
all over the pavements.
all over the pavements.
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Všade na chodníkoch bola krv.
Na ďalší deň prezident Janukovyč
03:17
The following day,
President Yanukovych fled Ukraine.
President Yanukovych fled Ukraine.
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z Ukrajiny ušiel.
03:22
In all, three months of protests
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Dokopy tri mesiace protestov
skončili s viac ako 120 potvrdenými
03:23
resulted in more than 120 confirmed dead
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mŕtvymi a množstvom nezvestných.
03:27
and many more missing.
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03:29
History unfolded quickly,
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Boj prebehol rýchlo,
03:31
but celebration remained
elusive in Maidan.
elusive in Maidan.
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ale Majdan oslavoval stroho.
03:35
As the days passed
in Kiev's central square,
in Kiev's central square,
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Ako dni utekali
na kyjevskom centrálnom námestí
sa k davom ozbrojených vojakov
sa k davom ozbrojených vojakov
03:38
streams of armed fighters
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03:39
were joined by tens of thousands
of ordinary people,
of ordinary people,
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pripojili desaťtisíce obyčajných ľudí,
zaplnili ulice a trúchlili spolu.
03:43
filling the streets in an act
of collective mourning.
of collective mourning.
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03:47
Many were women who often carried flowers
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Bolo tam veľa žien,
ktoré nosili kvety,
03:49
that they had brought to lay
as marks of respect for the dead.
as marks of respect for the dead.
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prinášali ich k mŕtvym
ako znak úcty.
03:53
They came day after day
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Prichádzali deň čo deň
03:55
and they covered the square
with millions of flowers.
with millions of flowers.
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a zasypávali námestie miliónmi kvetov.
04:00
Sadness enveloped Maidan.
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Majdan obklopil smútok.
Bolo tam ticho a počula som
04:03
It was quiet and I could hear
the birds singing.
the birds singing.
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spievať vtáky.
04:05
I hadn't heard that before.
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Nikdy predtým som ich nepočula.
Keď sa ženy priblížili k barikádam,
aby vzdali poctu mŕtvym,
aby vzdali poctu mŕtvym,
04:08
I stopped women
as they approached the barricades
as they approached the barricades
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04:10
to lay their tributes
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zastavila som ich
a spýtala sa, či ich môžem odfotiť.
a spýtala sa, či ich môžem odfotiť.
04:11
and asked to make their picture.
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04:14
Most women cried when I photographed them.
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Väčšina plakala, keď som ich fotila.
V prvý deň sme
s mojím technikom Eminom plakali
s mojím technikom Eminom plakali
04:17
On the first day,
my fixer, Emine, and I cried
my fixer, Emine, and I cried
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04:19
with almost every woman
who visited our studio.
who visited our studio.
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takmer s každou ženou,
ktorá do nášho štúdia vošla.
04:24
There had been such a noticeable
absence of women
absence of women
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Až do tej chvíle
04:27
up until that point.
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tam ženy chýbali.
04:29
And the color of their pastel coats,
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Farba ich pastelových kabátov,
04:31
their shiny handbags,
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ich lesklé kabelky
04:33
and the bunches of red carnations,
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a kytice červených karafiátov,
bielych tulipánov a žltých ruží,
bielych tulipánov a žltých ruží,
04:35
white tulips and yellow roses
that they carried
that they carried
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ktoré nosili, rušili sčernelé námestie
04:38
jarred with the blackened square
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a sčernelých mužov, ktorí sa tu utáborili.
04:41
and the blackened men
who were encamped there.
who were encamped there.
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04:45
It is clear to me
that these two sets of pictures
that these two sets of pictures
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Je mi zrejmé, že tieto dve sady fotografií
04:47
don't make much sense without the other.
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nedávajú veľký zmysel bez ďalších.
04:50
They are about men and women
and the way we are --
and the way we are --
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Sú o mužoch a ženách a o tom, akí sme,
nie o tom, ako vyzeráme,
ale o tom, akí sme.
ale o tom, akí sme.
04:53
not the way we look,
but the way we are.
but the way we are.
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04:55
They speak about different
gender roles in conflict,
gender roles in conflict,
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Vypovedajú o rozdielnych
rodových úlohách v konflikte,
rodových úlohách v konflikte,
nielen na Majdane a nielen na Ukrajine.
04:58
not only in Maidan,
and not only in Ukraine.
and not only in Ukraine.
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Muži vo väčšine vojen bojujú
05:02
Men fight most wars and women mourn them.
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a ženy trúchlia.
05:06
If the men showed
the ideal of the warrior,
the ideal of the warrior,
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Ak muži predstavujú ideál bojovníka,
05:08
then the women showed
the implications of such violence.
the implications of such violence.
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potom ženy predstavujú
dôsledky tohto násilia.
dôsledky tohto násilia.
05:13
When I made these pictures,
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Keď som robila tieto fotky,
05:15
I believed that I was documenting
the end of violent events in Ukraine.
the end of violent events in Ukraine.
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verila som, že dokumentujem koniec
násilných udalostí na Ukrajine.
Ale teraz chápem,
05:18
But now I understand
that it is a record of the beginning.
that it is a record of the beginning.
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že zaznamenávajú začiatok.
05:22
Today, the death toll stands around 3,000,
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Dnes je počet obetí okolo 3000
05:25
while hundreds of thousands
have been displaced.
have been displaced.
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a státisíce ľudí stratili svoj domov.
Pred šiestimi týždňami
som sa vrátila na Ukrajinu.
som sa vrátila na Ukrajinu.
05:29
I was in Ukraine again six weeks ago.
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05:32
In Maidan, the barricades
have been dismantled,
have been dismantled,
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Na Majdane boli barikády rozobrané
a dlažba, ktorú počas protestov
použili ako zbraň, vymenili,
použili ako zbraň, vymenili,
05:36
and the paving stones which were used
as weapons during the protests replaced,
as weapons during the protests replaced,
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takže doprava uprostred námestia
05:39
so that traffic flows freely
through the center of the square.
through the center of the square.
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fungovala bez problémov.
05:44
The fighters, the women
and the flowers are gone.
and the flowers are gone.
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Bojovníci, ženy a kvety tam už nie sú.
05:48
A huge billboard depicting geese
flying over a wheat field
flying over a wheat field
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Obrovský plagát zobrazujúci hus
prelietajúcu ponad pšeničné pole
prelietajúcu ponad pšeničné pole
zakrýva vyhoretú škrupinu budovy odborov
05:52
covers the burned-out shell
of the trade union's building
of the trade union's building
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a hlása:
„Sláva Ukrajine. Sláva hrdinom.“
„Sláva Ukrajine. Sláva hrdinom.“
05:55
and proclaims,
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05:57
"Glory to Ukraine.
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05:58
Glory to heroes."
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Ďakujem!
06:00
Thank you.
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06:01
(Applause).
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(potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anastasia Taylor-Lind - Documentary photographerAnastasia Taylor-Lind is a documentary photographer who works around the world on issues relating to women, birth rights, depopulation and post-conflict regions.
Why you should listen
Anastasia Taylor-Lind is an independent documentary photographer based in London. The TED Fellow has photographed hidden groups from hard to reach places, such as female PKK guerilla fighters, Gaza zookeepers and Siberian supermodels. Taylor-Lind's work has been shown in spaces like the Saatchi Gallery and London's National Portrait Gallery. Her first book, Maidan -- Portraits from the Black Square, was released in 2014.
More profile about the speakerAnastasia Taylor-Lind | Speaker | TED.com