TEDxMidwest
Jason Fried: Why work doesn't happen at work
Jason Fried談為什麼上班時工作做不完
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Jason Fried對於工作有個極端的理論：辦公室根本不是工作的場所。在TEDxMidwest會議上，他提出了幾個辦公室的問題(他稱之為M&Ms)，並提出幾個建議，可以改善這些問題。
Jason Fried - Software entrepreneur
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework." Full bio
Jason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So I'm going to talk about work,
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我要來談工作
00:17
specifically why people can't seem
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精確的說，為什麼上班時
00:19
to get work done at work,
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沒辦法完成工作
00:21
which is a problem we all kind of have.
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這情形大家應該都遇過
00:24
But let's, sort of, start at the beginning.
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我們從頭開始
00:26
So we have companies and non-profits and charities
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很多公司、非營利企業、慈善機構
00:29
and all these groups
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等等公司行號
00:31
that have employees
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都有員工
00:33
or volunteers of some sort.
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或是志工之類的
00:35
And they expect these people who work for them
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主管們會希望員工
00:38
to do great work --
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好好工作
00:40
I would hope, at least.
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至少努力工作
00:42
At least good work, hopefully, at least it's good work --
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這是基本要求，能拿出優秀的成績
00:44
hopefully great work.
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是最好的
00:46
And so what they typically do is they decide
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所以他們通常會決定
00:48
that all these people need to come together in one place
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員工通通要到同一地點
00:50
to do that work.
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上班工作
00:52
So a company, or a charity, or an organization of any kind,
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所以公司行號、各大機構
00:55
they typically -- unless you're working in Africa,
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除非你住非洲，會比較幸運
00:57
if you're really lucky to do that --
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否則通常都會被要求
00:59
most people have to go to an office every day.
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每天進辦公室
01:01
And so these companies,
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所以這些公司
01:03
they build offices.
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需要辦公室存在
01:05
They go out and they buy a building, or they rent a building,
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用買的或租下辦公大樓
01:08
or they lease some space,
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或是租個地方
01:10
and they fill the space with stuff.
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放滿東西，將就著用
01:13
They fill it with tables, or desks,
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辦公室放滿桌椅、
01:16
chairs, computer equipment,
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電腦設備、
01:18
software,
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軟體、
01:20
Internet access,
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網路連線
01:22
maybe a fridge, maybe a few other things,
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或許加個冰箱等等東西
01:25
and they expect their employees, or their volunteers,
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老闆們希望員工，或志工們
01:27
to come to that location every day to do great work.
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能每天上班，做出一番成果
01:30
It seems like it's perfectly reasonable to ask that.
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聽起來是個合理要求
01:33
However, if you actually talk to people
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但如果你親自訪問這些人
01:35
and even question yourself,
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甚至問問自己
01:37
and you ask yourself,
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問自己：
01:39
where do you really want to go when you really need to get something done?
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你真想把事情做好的時候，會去哪裡？
01:42
You'll find out that people don't say
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通常你會聽到的回答
01:44
what businesses think they would say.
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都不是這些公司們所想的
01:46
If you ask people the question: where do you really need to go
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你如果問：你真想把事情做好的時候，
01:48
when you need to get something done?
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會去哪裡？
01:50
Typically you get three different kinds of answers.
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通常有三類答案
01:52
One is kind of a place or a location or a room.
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第一：地點
01:55
Another one is a moving object
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第二：移動的物體
01:57
and a third is a time.
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第三：時間
01:59
So here's some examples.
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我舉例一下
02:01
When I ask people -- and I've been asking people this question for about 10 years --
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這問題我已經問十幾年了
02:04
I ask them, "Where do you go when you really need to get something done?"
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我問：你想把事情做好的時候，會去哪裡？
02:06
I'll hear things like, the porch, the deck,
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我得到的答案有：門廊、桌前、
02:09
the kitchen.
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廚房、
02:11
I'll hear things like an extra room in the house,
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房子裡額外的小房間、
02:13
the basement,
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地下室、
02:15
the coffee shop, the library.
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咖啡店、圖書館
02:18
And then you'll hear things like the train,
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還有像是火車、
02:21
a plane, a car -- so, the commute.
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飛機上、車裡，關於交通的答案
02:24
And then you'll hear people say,
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也有人回答
02:26
"Well, it doesn't really matter where I am,
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「其實跟地點沒關係，」
02:28
as long as it's really early in the morning or really late at night or on the weekends."
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「只要是在清晨、深夜、週末的時候就可以」
02:31
You almost never hear someone say the office.
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幾乎沒人講辦公室
02:34
But businesses are spending all this money on this place called the office,
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但公司花大錢設置辦公室
02:37
and they're making people go to it all the time,
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還要求大家一定要進辦公室
02:39
yet people don't do work in the office.
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但員工卻無法在辦公室內完成工作
02:42
What is that about?
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搞什麼？
02:44
Why is that?
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為什麼？
02:46
Why is that happening?
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為什麼會這樣？
02:49
And what you find out is that, if you dig a little bit deeper,
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如果你深究的話
02:51
you find out that people --
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會發現
02:53
this is what happens --
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通常
02:55
people go to work,
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大家上班時
02:57
and they're basically trading in their workday
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一個工作天其實
02:59
for a series of "work moments."
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是分很多片段的
03:01
That's what happens at the office.
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這就是辦公室的情況
03:03
You don't have a workday anymore. You have work moments.
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已經不是工作「天」，而是工作「片刻」
03:05
It's like the front door of the office is like a Cuisinart,
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進辦公室好像走進榨汁機一樣
03:08
and you walk in and your day is shredded to bits,
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一天就這樣被榨成片段
03:10
because you have 15 minutes here and 30 minutes there,
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這邊15分鐘，那邊30分鐘的拼湊
03:13
and then something else happens and you're pulled off your work,
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常常有什麼事，就得分神去處理
03:15
and you've got to do something else, then you have 20 minutes, then it's lunch.
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跑去做別的事之後，再專心個20分鐘，就中餐時間了
03:18
Then you have something else to do.
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然後又有別的事要做，
03:20
Then you've got 15 minutes, and someone pulls you aside and asks you this question,
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再專心15分鐘，然後有人跑來問你的問題
03:23
and before you know it, it's 5 p.m.,
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等你回神，就五點下班時間了
03:26
and you look back on the day,
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然後回顧一整天
03:28
and you realize that you didn't get anything done.
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發現你根本什麼也沒做
03:30
I mean, we've all been through this.
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我們應該都遇過這種情況
03:32
We probably went through it yesterday,
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也許昨天就是這樣
03:34
or the day before, or the day before that.
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前天也是、大前天也是
03:36
You look back on your day, and you're like, I got nothing done today.
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每天回顧，恍然發現什麼事也沒做
03:39
I was at work.
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我進了辦公室
03:41
I sat at my desk. I used my expensive computer.
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我坐在電腦前，打著昂貴電腦
03:44
I used the software they told me to use.
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用著他們裝的軟體
03:46
I went to these meetings I was asked to go to.
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開上頭要我參加的會議
03:49
I did these conference calls. I did all this stuff.
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打打電話之類的事
03:51
But I didn't actually do anything.
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但其實什麼都沒做
03:54
I just did tasks.
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我做「瑣事」而已
03:56
I didn't actually get meaningful work done.
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其實正經事都沒做
03:58
And what you find is that, especially with creative people --
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尤其你會發現，有創意的人--
04:01
designers, programmers,
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設計師、程式設計師、
04:03
writers, engineers,
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作家、工程師、
04:05
thinkers --
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工作必須思考的人
04:07
that people really need
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都需要
04:09
long stretches of uninterrupted time to get something done.
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連續、不被打擾的時間才能將事情做好
04:12
You cannot ask somebody to be creative in 15 minutes
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你不能要求一個人，用15分鐘時間想創意
04:15
and really think about a problem.
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或想出辦法解決問題
04:17
You might have a quick idea,
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可能會有很快的一個想法
04:19
but to be in deep thought about a problem and really consider a problem carefully,
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但真想要徹底想出解決方案
04:22
you need long stretches of uninterrupted time.
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就一定需要長時間、不被打擾的時間
04:25
And even though the workday is typically eight hours,
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正常一個工作天是八小時
04:28
how many people here have ever had eight hours to themselves at the office?
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你們有多少人在辦公室，八小時都是自己的時間？
04:31
How about seven hours?
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七小時？
04:33
Six? Five? Four?
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六？五？四？
04:36
When's the last time you had three hours to yourself at the office?
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你什麼時候真的在辦公室獨處過完整3小時？
04:39
Two hours? One, maybe?
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兩小時？或許一小時？
04:41
Very, very few people actually have
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很少人在辦公室真的有
04:43
long stretches of uninterrupted time at an office.
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長時間、不被打擾的時間
04:46
And this is why people choose to do work at home,
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這就是為什麼大家選擇在家工作
04:49
or they might go to the office,
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他們也許可能會進辦公室
04:51
but they might go to the office really early in the day,
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但都是在很早的時候
04:53
or late at night when no one's around,
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或是很晚，大家都離開時
04:55
or they stick around after everyone's left, or they go in on the weekends,
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等到沒人，或是周末進辦公室
04:58
or they get work done on the plane,
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又或是在飛機上把工作做完
05:00
or they get work done in the car or in the train
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或是在車上、火車上
05:02
because there are no distractions.
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因為這樣才不會被打擾
05:04
Now, there are different kinds of distractions,
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干擾有很多種
05:06
but there aren't the really bad kinds of distractions
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但有些並非不好
05:08
that I'll talk about in just a minute.
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我們等會兒再談
05:10
And this sort of whole phenomenon
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這種短暫工作時刻的
05:12
of having short bursts of time to get things done
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整個現象
05:14
reminds me of another thing
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讓我想到另一件事
05:16
that doesn't work when you're interrupted,
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當你做這件事的時候也不能被打擾
05:18
and that is sleep.
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就是睡覺
05:20
I think that sleep and work are very closely related,
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睡覺跟工作習習相關
05:22
and it's not just that you can work while you're sleeping
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不是因為睡覺時無法工作
05:24
and you can sleep while you're working.
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工作時不能睡覺
05:26
That's not really what I mean.
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我不是要講這個
05:28
I'm talking specifically about the fact
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我要講的是
05:30
that sleep and work
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睡覺和工作
05:32
are phased-based,
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都是階段性的
05:34
or stage-based, events.
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或稱做時期性的
05:37
So sleep is about sleep phases, or stages --
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所以睡覺也是很多階段、時期 --
05:40
some people call them different things.
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說法有很多種
05:42
There's five of them,
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總共有五個階段
05:44
and in order to get to the really deep ones, the really meaningful ones,
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為了進到最深沉的階段
05:47
you have to go through the early ones.
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就必須從最初那一階開始
05:49
And if you're interrupted while you're going through the early ones --
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如果你第一階段就被打擾
05:51
if someone bumps you in bed,
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可能有人翻身碰到你
05:53
or if there's a sound, or whatever happens --
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或許是有什麼聲音之類的
05:56
you don't just pick up where you left off.
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你沒辦法回到原本階段繼續睡
05:58
If you're interrupted and woken up,
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如果被打擾後醒來
06:00
you have to start again.
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就必須重頭開始
06:02
So you have to go back a few phases and start again.
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就得回到前幾個階段重來
06:05
And what ends up happening -- sometimes you might have days like this
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很常發生的情況是 -- 有時候你會發現
06:07
where you wake up at eight in the morning, or seven in the morning,
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當你八點起床，或七點起床
06:09
or whenever you get up,
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隨便幾點
06:11
and you're like, man, I didn't really sleep very well.
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起床後就想，天哪，我沒睡好
06:13
I did the sleep thing -- I went to bed, I laid down --
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我有睡阿 -- 我爬上床、躺下
06:16
but I didn't really sleep.
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但沒有真的睡著
06:18
People say you go to sleep,
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我們說去睡覺
06:21
but you really don't go to sleep, you go towards sleep.
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其實不是一倒下就睡著，而是進入夢鄉
06:23
It just takes a while. You've got to go through these phases and stuff,
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是需要時間的，一階一階慢慢來
06:26
and if you're interrupted, you don't sleep well.
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如果被干擾，當然就睡不好
06:28
So how do we expect -- does anyone here expect someone to sleep well
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整夜一直被打擾
06:30
if they're interrupted all night?
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能睡的好嗎？
06:32
I don't think anyone would say yes.
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應該不行吧
06:34
Why do we expect people to work well
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在辦公室裡不斷被打擾
06:36
if they're being interrupted all day at the office?
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是要怎麼把工作做好啊？
06:38
How can we possibly expect people to do their job
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在辦公室裡一直被打擾
06:41
if they're going to the office to be interrupted?
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要員工怎麼把事情做好？
06:43
That doesn't really seem like it makes a lot of sense to me.
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對我來說，一點也不合理
06:46
So what are these interruptions that happen at the office
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那這些干擾只發生在辦公室
06:48
that don't happen at other places?
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其他地方不會發生嗎？
06:50
Because in other places, you can have interruptions,
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其他地方也是會有干擾
06:52
like, you can have the TV,
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或許會跑去看電視
06:54
or you could go for a walk,
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或是散個步
06:56
or there's a fridge downstairs,
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到樓下冰箱拿個飲料
06:58
or you've got your own couch, or whatever you want to do.
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躺一下沙發等等
07:01
And if you talk to certain managers,
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如果你和一些主管談過
07:03
they'll tell you that they don't want their employees to work at home
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他們會說，他們不喜歡員工在家工作的原因
07:06
because of these distractions.
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是因為容易受干擾
07:08
They'll also say --
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他們也說
07:10
sometimes they'll also say,
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偶爾會這樣說
07:12
"Well, if I can't see the person, how do I know they're working?"
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"如果我看不到人影，怎麼知道他在工作?"
07:14
which is ridiculous, of course, but that's one of the excuses that managers give.
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這理由很荒繆，但他們都用這藉口
07:17
And I'm one of these managers.
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我也是經理
07:19
I understand. I know how this goes.
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所以我懂
07:21
We all have to improve on this sort of thing.
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但我們要改善這情形
07:23
But oftentimes they'll cite distractions.
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可是他們常會舉例
07:25
"I can't let someone work at home.
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"我不能讓員工在家工作"
07:27
They'll watch TV. They'll do this other thing."
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"因為他們會看電視、做別的事"
07:29
It turns out that those aren't the things that are really distracting.
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但其實這些讓你分心的事，並不是真的干擾
07:32
Because those are voluntary distractions.
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因為這些干擾是自願性的
07:34
You decide when you want to be distracted by the TV.
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你自己決定什麼時候看電視
07:36
You decide when you want to turn something on.
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開什麼、關什麼、用什麼
07:38
You decide when you want to go downstairs or go for a walk.
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決定什麼時候下樓、散步
07:41
At the office, most of the interruptions and distractions
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而辦公室裡的大多數干擾
07:43
that really cause people not to get work done
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讓人們無法好好工作的
07:45
are involuntary.
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都是非自願的
07:47
So let's go through a couple of those.
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我來解釋一下
07:50
Now, managers and bosses
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所以，上司、老闆們
07:52
will often have you think that the real distractions at work
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常會告訴你，工作時真正會讓你分心的是
07:55
are things like Facebook and Twitter
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Facebook和Twitter
07:58
and YouTube and other websites,
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還有Youtube等其他網站
08:01
and in fact, they'll go so far
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他們甚至會完全禁止
08:03
as to actually ban these sites at work.
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上班瀏覽這些網站
08:05
Some of you may work at places where you can't get to these certain sites.
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你們有些人的公司可能會擋某些網站
08:08
I mean, is this China? What the hell is going on here?
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這是中國嗎? 搞什麼?
08:11
You can't go to a website at work,
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上班時候不能逛某些網站
08:13
and that's the problem, that's why people aren't getting work done,
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因為逛了之後員工會不想工作？
08:15
because they're going to Facebook and they're going to Twitter?
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是因為他們玩Facebook或Twitter?
08:17
That's kind of ridiculous. It's a total decoy.
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大瞎了吧，根本是胡扯
08:22
And today's Facebook and Twitter and YouTube,
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今日的Facebook、Twitter、YouTube
08:24
these things are just modern-day smoke breaks.
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等於是以前的抽菸時間而已
08:27
No one cared about letting people take a smoke break for 15 minutes
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十年前，上班時間溜出去15分鐘抽個菸
08:29
10 years ago,
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根本沒人管
08:31
so why does everyone care about someone going to Facebook here and there,
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現在為什麼偶爾上個Facebook、Twitter、YouTube
08:33
or Twitter here and there, or YouTube here and there?
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就意見一大堆？
08:35
Those aren't the real problems in the office.
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這些根本不是真正的問題
08:38
The real problems are what I like to call
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真正的問題我稱做是
08:40
the M&Ms,
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M&M's
08:42
the Managers and the Meetings.
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經理(managers)和會議(meetings)
08:44
Those are the real problems in the modern office today.
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這才是現今辦公室裡最大的問題
08:47
And this is why things don't get done at work --
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員工沒辦法順利完成工作
08:50
it's because of the M&Ms.
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就是因為M&M's
08:52
Now what's interesting is,
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有趣的事來了
08:54
if you listen to all the places that people talk about doing work --
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很多人說他們工作的地方--
08:57
like at home, or in a car, or on a plane,
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在家、車上、飛機上、
08:59
or late at night, or early in the morning --
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深夜、清晨
09:01
you don't find managers and meetings.
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通常都沒有經理和會議
09:03
You find a lot of other distractions, but you don't find managers and meetings.
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也許有很多其他干擾，但沒有經理和會議
09:06
So these are the things that you don't find elsewhere,
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這兩樣其他地方沒有
09:09
but you do find at the office.
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唯有辦公室裡會出現
09:12
And managers are basically people
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經理的工作基本上
09:14
whose job it is to interrupt people.
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就是去打擾別人
09:16
That's pretty much what managers are for. They're for interrupting people.
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他們的工作大概就這樣，打擾別人
09:19
They don't really do the work,
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沒有真正要做的事
09:21
so they have to make sure everyone else is doing the work, which is an interruption.
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所以只好確保大家都在做事，變成干擾
09:24
And we have a lot of managers in the world now,
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現在世上很多經理
09:26
and there's a lot of people in the world now,
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世界上也很多人
09:28
and there's a lot of interruptions in the world now because of these managers.
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因為這些經理，所以很多干擾
09:30
They have to check in: "Hey, how's it going?
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他們很愛跑來「嘿，還好嗎？」
09:32
Show me what's up," and this sort of thing
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「報告你的進度」等等
09:34
and they keep interrupting you at the wrong time,
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而且都會在錯誤時機來打擾
09:36
while you're actually trying to do something they're paying you to do,
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正當你要好好做正事時
09:39
they tend to interrupt you.
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他們就會跑來煩你
09:41
That's kind of bad.
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蠻糟的吧
09:43
But what's even worse is the thing that managers do most of all,
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經理們會做的另一件更糟的事
09:46
which is call meetings.
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就是會議
09:48
And meetings are just toxic,
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會議根本就有毒
09:50
terrible, poisonous things
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很糟、劇毒的東西
09:53
during the day at work.
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會在工作時毒死你
09:55
We all know this to be true,
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我們心知肚明
09:58
and you would never see a spontaneous meeting called by employees.
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會議不會是員工隨意召開
10:00
It doesn't work that way.
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不可能的
10:02
The manager calls the meeting
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所以經理召開會議
10:04
so the employees can all come together,
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讓員工聚在一起
10:06
and it's an incredibly disruptive thing to do to people --
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然後無敵煩的事情發生了
10:08
is to say, "Hey look,
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"嘿，聽著"
10:10
we're going to bring 10 people together right now and have a meeting.
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"馬上找十個人來開會"
10:13
I don't care what you're doing.
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"我不管你在幹麻"
10:15
Just, you've got to stop doing what you're doing, so you can have this meeting."
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"放下手邊工作開會就是了"
10:18
I mean, what are the chances that all 10 people are ready to stop?
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有可能剛好十個人都有空開會嗎？
10:21
What if they're thinking about something important?
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如果他們在想重要的事呢？
10:23
What if they're doing important work?
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或者在做重要的事呢？
10:25
All of a sudden you're telling them that they have to stop doing that
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突然間你就叫他們停下手邊工作
10:27
to do something else.
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改做其他事
10:29
So they go into a meeting room, they get together,
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被叫到會議室，坐下來
10:32
and they talk about stuff that doesn't really matter usually.
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討論無關緊要的事
10:35
Because meetings aren't work.
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開會是行不通的
10:37
Meetings are places to go to talk about things you're supposed to be doing later.
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開會通常都是要討論之後做的事
10:40
But meetings also procreate.
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不只如此，會議還會繁殖
10:42
So one meeting tends to lead to another meeting
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一個會開完再衍生出另一個會議
10:44
and tends to lead to another meeting.
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然後沒完沒了
10:46
There's often too many people in the meetings,
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而且開會的人多
10:48
and they're very, very expensive to the organization.
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對公司成本來說是個損失
10:51
Companies often think of a one-hour meeting as a one-hour meeting,
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我們通常覺得一小時的會議就是一小時
10:54
but that's not true, unless there's only one person in that meeting.
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但這是錯的，因為會議不只有一個人
10:57
If there are 10 people in the meeting, it's a 10-hour meeting; it's not a one-hour meeting.
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如果有十個人去開會，加起來就十小時了，而非一小時
11:00
It's 10 hours of productivity taken from the rest of the organization
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十小時的生產力就這樣沒了
11:03
to have this one one-hour meeting,
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就為這一小時的會議
11:05
which probably should have been handled by two or three people
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而開會本來就可以兩三個人用幾分鐘時間
11:08
talking for a few minutes.
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就能完成的
11:10
But instead, there's a long scheduled meeting,
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取而代之的是又臭又長的會
11:12
because meetings are scheduled the way software works,
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因為會議安排就像軟體一樣
11:15
which is in increments of 15 minutes, or 30 minutes, or an hour.
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以15、30、60分增加
11:18
You don't schedule an eight-hour meeting with Outlook.
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你不會跟Outlook開八小時的會吧
11:20
You can't. I don't even know if you can.
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根本不可能
11:22
You can go 15 minutes or 30 minutes or 45 minutes or an hour.
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大概就以15、30、45、60分鐘
11:25
And so we tend to fill these times up
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我們會將這些時間填滿
11:27
when things should really go really quickly.
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但其實事情很快就能解決
11:29
So meetings and managers are two major problems in businesses today,
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所以經理和會議是現今公司的兩大問題
11:32
especially to offices.
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特別是在辦公室裡
11:34
These things don't exist outside of the office.
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他們不存在於辦公室外
11:37
So I have some suggestions
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所以我有個建議
11:39
to remedy the situation.
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可以解決這問題
11:42
What can managers do --
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經理們可以--
11:44
enlightened managers, hopefully --
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希望是理智的經理--
11:46
what can they do to make the office a better place for people to work,
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他們可以替員工創造好一點的工作環境
11:49
so it's not the last resort, but it's the first resort?
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成為他們工作的第一選擇
11:52
It's that people start to say,
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讓員工說
11:54
"When I really want to get stuff done, I go to the office."
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"我想把工作做好時，我會進辦公室"
11:56
Because the offices are well equipped,
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因為辦公室設備充足
11:58
everything should be there for them to do their work,
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需要用到的東西都有了
12:00
but they don't want to go there right now, so how do we change that?
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可是他們還不這麼想，要怎麼改變呢？
12:03
I have three suggestions I'll share with you guys.
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我有三個建議，與各位分享
12:05
I have about three minutes, so that'll fit perfectly.
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大概還剩三分鐘，很剛好
12:08
We've all heard of the casual Friday thing.
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大家都聽過"週五便服日"吧
12:11
I don't know if people still do that.
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不曉得還有沒有公司採用
12:13
But how about "no-talk Thursdays?"
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那各位覺得"無言星期四"如何？
12:16
How about --
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就這樣好了
12:18
pick one Thursday once a month
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隨便挑一個月裡的星期四
12:20
and cut that day in half and just say the afternoon -- I'll make it really easy for you.
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再簡單一點，那個星期四下午就好
12:23
So just the afternoon, one Thursday.
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就那星期四的下午
12:25
The first Thursday of the month -- just the afternoon --
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假設就第一個週四的下午
12:27
nobody in the office can talk to each other.
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大家在辦公室都不要講話
12:29
Just silence, that's it.
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完全靜默
12:31
And what you'll find
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你會發現
12:33
is that a tremendous amount of work actually gets done
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完成的工作量有多驚人
12:35
when no one talks to each other.
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因為沒有人聊天講話
12:37
This is when people actually get stuff done,
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要真的把事情做好
12:39
is when no one's bothering them, when no one's interrupting them.
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就不能有人隨時來煩、叨擾
12:41
And you can give someone -- giving someone four hours of uninterrupted time
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當你可以給人四小時不受打擾的上班時間
12:44
is the best gift you can give anybody at work.
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會是最好的禮物
12:46
It's better than a computer.
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比電腦還棒
12:48
It's better than a new monitor. It's better than new software,
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比新的螢幕、新的軟體還好
12:51
or whatever people typically use.
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總之比什麼都好
12:53
Giving them four hours of quiet time at the office
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給他們安靜的四小時上班時間
12:55
is going to be incredibly valuable.
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會是十分寶貴的
12:57
And if you try that, I think you'll find that you agree.
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試過就知道
12:59
And maybe, hopefully you can do it more often.
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然後，或許可以多增加點安靜時間
13:01
So maybe it's every other week,
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也許是每兩週、
13:03
or every week, once a week,
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或每週、一週一次
13:05
afternoons no one can talk to each other.
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整個下午都不講話
13:07
That's something that you'll find will really, really work.
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你會發現這真的很有效
13:10
Another thing you can try
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你可以試的另一件事
13:12
is switching from active
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就是將主動的
13:14
communication and collaboration,
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通訊與合作
13:16
which is like face-to-face stuff,
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像是面對面、
13:18
tapping people on the shoulder, saying hi to them, having meetings,
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拍肩、打招呼、開會等等
13:21
and replace that with more passive models of communication,
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改為被動的通訊
13:23
using things like email and instant messaging,
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像是email或即時通
13:26
or collaboration products -- things like that.
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這些合作通訊工具之類的
13:29
Now some people might say email is really distracting
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有人可能會覺得email很煩
13:32
and I.M. is really distracting,
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即時通很煩
13:34
and these other things are really distracting,
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還有其他雜七雜八很煩的東西
13:36
but they're distracting at a time of your own choice and your own choosing.
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但這些東西都可以自己決定什麼時候做
13:39
You can quit the email app; you can't quit your boss.
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你可以關掉email，但你關不掉老闆
13:42
You can quit I.M.;
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你可以關掉即時通
13:44
you can't hide your manager.
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但你躲不了你的上司
13:46
You can put these things away,
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你可以把東西收起來
13:48
and then you can be interrupted on your own schedule, at your own time,
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等到行程空出來、有時間了
13:51
when you're available, when you're ready to go again.
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再做這些事
13:53
Because work, like sleep, happens in phases.
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因為工作，如睡覺，都是階段式的
13:56
So you're going to be kind of going up and doing some work,
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所以，進辦公室先開始專心工作
13:58
and then you're going to come down from that work,
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把工作完成之後
14:00
and then maybe it's time to check that email, or check that I.M.
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再收發email、開個即時通
14:02
And there are very, very few things that are that urgent
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因為很少有事情是緊急到
14:05
that need to happen, that need to be answered right this second.
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需要馬上得到回覆的
14:08
So if you're a manager,
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如果你的經理
14:10
start encouraging people to use more things like I.M. and email
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開始鼓勵員工多用即時通或email
14:12
and other things that someone else can put away
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讓另一個人可以先專心作手邊的事
14:14
and then get back to you on their own schedule.
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等到有時間在回覆你
14:16
And the last suggestion I have
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我的最後一個建議是
14:19
is that, if you do have a meeting coming up,
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如果你正巧有個會議要開
14:22
if you have the power,
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而你權力夠大
14:24
just cancel. Just cancel that next meeting.
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就取消這場會議吧
14:28
Today's Friday -- so Monday, usually people have meetings on Monday.
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今天是週五，那就把下星期一的會議
14:30
Just don't have it.
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取消吧
14:32
I don't mean move it;
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我不是說調時間
14:34
I mean just erase it from memory, it's gone.
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而是直接從記憶刪除
14:36
And you'll find out that everything will be just fine.
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你發現事情還是一切安好
14:39
All these discussions and decisions you thought you had to make
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這些你本來計畫週一早上九點
14:41
at this one time at 9 a.m. on Monday,
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要做的決定、討論
14:43
just forget about them, and things will be just fine.
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就忘掉吧，事情一樣會好好的
14:45
People have a more open morning, they can actually think,
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讓員工有個自由的早晨，可以思考
14:48
and you'll find out that maybe all these things you thought you had to do,
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你會發現你本來打算做的事
14:50
you don't actually have to do.
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根本沒這個必要
14:52
So those are just three quick suggestions I wanted to give you guys
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以上就是我的三個小建議
14:54
to think about this.
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讓各位想想
14:56
And I hope that some of these ideas
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我希望我所分享的一些點子
14:58
were at least provocative enough
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足夠煽動
15:00
for managers and bosses and business owners
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能讓經理、老闆、
15:02
and organizers and people who are in charge of other people
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頂頭上司、主管等等
15:05
to think about laying off a little bit
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試著稍微放手
15:07
and giving people some more time to get some work done.
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給員工多一點空間來完成工作
15:09
And I think it'll all pay off in the end.
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我想最終會是值得的
15:11
So thanks for listening.
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謝謝各位
15:13
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jason Fried - Software entrepreneurJason Fried thinks deeply about collaboration, productivity and the nature of work. He's the co-founder of 37signals, makers of Basecamp and other web-based collaboration tools, and co-author of "Rework."
Why you should listen
Jason Fried is the co-founder and president of 37signals , a Chicago-based company that builds web-based productivity tools that, in their words, "do less than the competition -- intentionally." 37signals' simple but powerful collaboration tools include Basecamp, Highrise, Backpack, Campfire, Ta-da List, and Writeboard. 37signals also developed and open-sourced the Ruby on Rails programming framework.
Fried is the co-author, with David Heinemeier Hansson, of the book Rework, about new ways to conceptualize working and creating. Salon's Scott Rosenberg called it "a minimalist manifesto that's profoundly practical. In a world where we all keep getting asked to do more with less, the authors show us how to do less and create more."
Jason Fried | Speaker | TED.com