TEDxKrakow
Tal Golesworthy: How I repaired my own heart
Tal Golesworthy: Hvordan jeg reparerede mit eget hjerte
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Tal Golesworthy er en VVS ingeniør -- han ved alt om rør og blik. Da han fik behov for en hjerteoperation af en livstruende lidelse med hans hovedpulsåre, kombinerede han sine ingeniørfærdigheder med hans læges medicinske viden til at udvikle et bedre reparationsarbejde.
Tal Golesworthy - Engineer and artist
Tal Golesworthy is an engineer and entrepreneur, working in research and development of combustion and air pollution control -- until he decided to innovate in his own health. Full bio
Tal Golesworthy is an engineer and entrepreneur, working in research and development of combustion and air pollution control -- until he decided to innovate in his own health. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm a process engineer.
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Jeg er en procesingeniør.
00:17
I know all about boilers and incinerators
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Jeg ved alt om kedler og forbrændingsanlæg
00:20
and fabric filters and cyclones and things like that,
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og posefiltre og cykloner, og den slags,
00:23
but I also have Marfan syndrome.
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men jeg lider også af Marfan syndromet.
00:25
This is an inherited disorder.
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Dette er en arvelig sygdom.
00:28
And in 1992
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Og i 1992
00:30
I participated in a genetic study
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deltog jeg i en genetisk undersøgelse
00:32
and found to my horror, as you can see from the slide,
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og fandt til min rædsel, som i kan se på slidet,
00:35
that my ascending aorta was not in the normal range,
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at min at den første del af min hovedpulsåre ikke var i normalområdet,
00:38
the green line at the bottom.
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den grønne linje nederst.
00:40
Everyone in here will be between 3.2 and 3.6 cm.
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Alle her vil være mellem 3,2-3,6 cm.
00:43
I was already up at 4.4.
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Jeg var allerede op på 4.4.
00:46
And as you can see,
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Og som du kan se,
00:48
my aorta dilated progressively,
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udvidede min hovedpulsåre sig løbende,
00:50
and I got closer and closer
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og jeg kom tættere og tættere
00:52
to the point where surgery was going to be necessary.
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til det punkt, hvor kirurgi ville være nødvendigt.
00:55
The surgery on offer was pretty gruesome --
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Den kirurgisk mulighed var temmelig grusom --
00:58
anesthetize you, open your chest,
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bliv bedøvet, få åbnet din brystkasse,
01:01
put you on an artificial heart and lung machine,
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sætte dig på en kunstig hjerte-lunge-maskine,
01:04
drop your body temperature to about 18 centigrade,
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sænke din kropstemperatur til omkring 18 Celsius,
01:07
stop your heart, cut the aorta out,
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Stoppe dit hjerte, klippe hovedpulsåren ud,
01:10
replace it with a plastic valve and a plastic aorta,
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erstatte det med en plastik ventil og en plastik aorta
01:13
and, most importantly,
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og vigtigst
01:15
commit you to a lifetime of anticoagulation therapy,
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forpligter dig til et liv på antikoagulations medicin,
01:18
normally warfarin.
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normalt warfarin.
01:20
The thought of the surgery was not attractive.
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Tanken om operationen var ikke attraktivt.
01:23
The thought of the warfarin
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Tanken om warfarin
01:25
was really quite frightening.
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var virkelig ret skræmmende.
01:27
So I said to myself, I'm an engineer, I'm in R and D,
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Så jeg sagde til mig, jeg er ingeniør, jeg er indenfor forskning og udvikling,
01:30
this is just a plumbing problem.
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dette er kun en VVS problem.
01:32
I can do this. I can change this.
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Jeg kan gøre dette. Jeg kan ændre dette.
01:34
So I set out
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Så jeg satte mig for
01:36
to change the entire treatment
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at ændre hele behandlingen
01:38
for aortic dilation.
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for udvidelse af hovedpulsåren.
01:41
The project aim is really quite simple.
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Projekts formål er i virkelig ganske enkel.
01:45
The only real problem with the ascending aorta
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Den eneste reelle problem med hovedpulsåren
01:48
in people with Marfan syndrome
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hos personer med Marfan syndrom
01:50
is it lacks some tensile strength.
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er at den mangler trækstyrke.
01:52
So the possibility exists
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Så muligheden eksistere
01:54
to simply externally wrap the pipe.
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for simpelthen at emballerer blodåren udvendigt.
01:58
And it would remain stable and operate quite happily.
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Og den vil forblive stabil og fungere tilfredsstillende.
02:01
If your high-pressure hose pipe,
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Hvis din højtryksslange,
02:03
or your high-pressure hydraulic line, bulges a little,
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eller din hydrauliske ledning, buler lidt,
02:06
you just wrap some tape around the outside of it.
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vikler du blot noget tape på ydersiden af den.
02:08
It really is that simple in concept,
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Det er virkeligt et simpelt koncept,
02:11
though not in execution.
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men ikke i udførelsen.
02:14
The great advantage of an external support for me
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Den store fordel af en ekstern støtte for mig
02:17
was that I could retain all of my own bits,
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var, at jeg kunne bevare alle af min egen dele,
02:20
all of my own endothelium and valves,
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alt af mit eget endotel og ventiler,
02:22
and not need any anticoagulation therapy.
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og ikke behøver nogen antikoagulationsbehandling.
02:25
So where do we start?
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Så hvor skal vi starte?
02:27
Well this is a sagittal slice through me.
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Dette er et sagittal tværsnit igennem mig.
02:30
You could see in the middle
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Du kan se i midten
02:32
that device, that little structure, squeezing out.
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denne dims, denne struktur, som presser sig ud.
02:35
Now that's a left ventricle
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Der er den venstre ventrikel
02:37
pushing blood up through the aortic valve --
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som skubber blod gennem aortaklappen --
02:39
you can see two of the leaflets of the aortic valve working there --
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du kan se to af de aortaklapper der arbejder --
02:43
up into the ascending aorta.
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op til hovedpulsåren.
02:45
And it's that part, the ascending aorta,
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Og det er del af hovedpulsåren,
02:47
which dilates and ultimately bursts,
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som udvider sig og i sidste ende brister,
02:51
which, of course, is fatal.
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hvilket naturligvis er fatalt.
02:54
We started by organizing image acquisition
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Vi startede ved at kombinere billedscanning
02:57
from magnetic resonance imaging machines
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fra MRI-scanning
03:00
and CT imaging machines
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og CT-scanning
03:02
from which to make a model
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for at lave en model
03:05
of the patient's aorta.
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af patientens hovedpulsåre.
03:08
This is a model of my aorta.
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Her er en model af min hovedpulsåre.
03:11
I've got a real one in my pocket,
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Jeg har en rigtig en i min lomme,
03:13
if anyone would like to look at it and play with it.
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hvis nogen vil gerne se på den og lege med den.
03:16
You can see, it's quite a complex structure.
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Du kan se, det er en kompleks struktur.
03:18
It has a funny trilobal shape at the bottom,
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Det har en sjov trefliget form i bunden,
03:21
which contains the aortic valve.
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som indeholder aortaventilen.
03:23
It then comes back into a round form
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Den går så over i en rund form
03:25
and then tapers and curves off.
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og snæver derefter ind og drejer.
03:27
So it's quite a difficult structure
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Så der er en temmelig vanskeligt struktur
03:29
to produce.
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at fremstille.
03:32
This, like I say, is a CAD model of me,
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Dette, som jeg siger, er en CAD-model af mig,
03:34
and this is one of the later CAD models.
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og dette er et af de senere CAD modeller.
03:36
We went through an iterative process
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Vi gik gennem en iterativ proces
03:38
of producing better and better models.
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med at producere bedre og bedre modeller.
03:40
When we produced that model
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Da vi producerede denne model
03:43
we turn it into a solid plastic model,
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omdannede vi den til en fast plastik model,
03:46
as you can see,
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som I kan se,
03:48
using a rapid prototyping technique,
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ved hjælp af en hurtig prototyping teknik,
03:50
another engineering technique.
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en anden ingeniørteknik.
03:52
We then use that former
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Vi brugte derefter modellen
03:54
to manufacture a perfectly bespoke
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til fremstilling af en perfekt skræddersyet
03:56
porous textile mesh,
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porøs tekstilmaske,
03:58
which takes the shape of the former
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som tager form af modellen
04:00
and perfectly fits the aorta.
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og passer perfekt til pulsåren.
04:02
So this is absolutely personalized medicine
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Så er dette er virkelig skræddersyet medicin
04:04
at its best really.
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når det er bedst.
04:06
Every patient we do
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Hver patient vi arbejder med
04:08
has an absolutely bespoke implant.
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har et skræddersyet implantat.
04:12
Once you've made it, the installation's quite easy.
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Når du har gjort det, så er installationen rimelig let.
04:15
John Pepper, bless his heart,
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John Pepper, velsigne hans hjerte,
04:18
professor of cardiothoracic surgery --
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professor i hjertekirurgi --
04:20
never done it before in his life --
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havde aldrig gjort det før i sit liv --
04:22
he put the first one in, didn't like it, took it out, put the second one in.
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Han satte først en i, kunne ikke lide den, tog den ud, puttede en anden i.
04:24
Happy, away I went.
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Glad gik jeg væk.
04:26
Four and a half hours on the table and everything was done.
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Fire og en halv time på operationsbordet og alt var gjort.
04:29
So the surgical implantation actually was the easiest part.
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Så den kirurgisk implantation var faktisk den letteste del.
04:33
If you compare our new treatment to the existing alternative,
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Hvis du sammenligner vores nye behandling med det eksisterende alternativ,
04:36
the so-called composite aortic root graft,
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den såkaldte "composite aortic root graft",
04:39
there are one of two startling comparisons,
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er der to tydelige forskelle,
04:41
which I'm sure will be clear to all of you.
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som jeg er sikker på vil være tydelig for jer alle.
04:44
Two hours to install one of our devices
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To timer for at installere en af vores enheder
04:46
compared to six hours
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sammenlignet med seks timer
04:48
for the existing treatment.
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til nuværende behandling.
04:50
The existing treatment requires, as I've said,
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Nuværende behandling kræver, som jeg har sagt,
04:52
the heart and lung bypass machine
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Hjerte-lunge-maskine
04:54
and it requires a total body cooling.
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og kræver fuld kropsnedkøling.
04:56
We don't need any of that; we work on a beating heart.
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Vi behøver ikke nogen af; Vi arbejder på et slående hjerte.
04:59
He opens you up, he accesses the aorta while your heart is beating,
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Han åbner dig op, har adgang til hovedpulsåren, mens dit hjerte slår,
05:02
all at the right temperature.
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ved den rigtige temperatur.
05:04
No breaking into your circulatory system.
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Ingen kirurgi i dit hjerte-kar-system.
05:06
So it really is great.
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Så det er virkeligt godt.
05:08
But for me, absolutely the best point
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Men for mig var det bedste
05:11
is there is no anticoagulation therapy required.
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at der ingen antikoagulations terapi kræves.
05:14
I don't take any drugs at all
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Jeg tager overhovedet ikke medicin
05:16
other than recreational ones that I would choose to take.
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andet end de berusende stoffer jeg selv vælger at tage.
05:18
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
05:20
And in fact, if you speak to people who are on long-term warfarin,
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Og faktisk, hvis du tale med personer, der er på langvarig warfarin behandling,
05:23
it is a serious compromise to your quality of life.
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er det en alvorlig belastning af din livskvalitet.
05:26
And even worse,
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Og endnu værre,
05:28
it inevitably foreshortens your life.
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det forkorter dit liv.
05:30
Likewise, if you have the artificial valve option,
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Ligeledes, hvis du har en kunstig ventil
05:33
you're committed to antibiotic therapy
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er du forpligtet til antibiotika behandling
05:35
whenever you have any intrusive medical treatment at all.
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når som helst du får kirurgisk behandling.
05:38
Even trips to the dentist require that you take antibiotics,
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Selv en tur til tandlægen kræver at du tager antibiotika,
05:41
in case you get an internal infection on the valve.
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i tilfælde af at du får en infektion på ventilen.
05:44
Again, I don't have any of that, so I'm entirely free.
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Igen, jeg får intet af dette, så jeg er helt fri.
05:47
My aorta is fixed, I haven't got to worry about it,
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Min hovedpulsåre er repareret, så jeg har ikke disse bekymringer,
05:50
which is a rebirth for me.
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der er en genfødsel for mig.
05:54
Back to the theme of the presentation:
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Tilbage til temaet for præsentationen:
05:56
In multidisciplinary research,
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I tværfaglig forskning,
05:58
how on earth does a process engineer used to working with boilers
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hvordan i alverden ender en procesingeniør, vant til at arbejde med kedler,
06:01
end up producing a medical device
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med at producerer en medicinsk enhed
06:03
which transforms his own life?
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som transformerer hans eget liv?
06:05
Well the answer to that is a multidisciplinary team.
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Svaret er en tværfaglig gruppe.
06:08
This is a list of the core team.
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Dette er en liste over kernegruppen.
06:11
And as you can see,
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Og som du kan se,
06:13
there are not only two principal technical disciplines there,
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der er ikke kun to tekniske discipliner,
06:16
medicine and engineering,
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medicin og ingeniørvidenskab,
06:18
but also there are various specialists
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men der er også forskellige specialister
06:20
from within those two disciplines.
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inden for disse to felter.
06:22
John Pepper there
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John Pepper
06:24
was the cardiac surgeon who did the actual work on me,
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er hjertekirurgen, der udførte det faktiske arbejde med mig,
06:27
but everyone else there had to contribute one way or another.
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men alle bidrog på en eller anden måde.
06:30
Raad Mohiaddin, medical radiologist:
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Raad Mohiaddin, medicinsk radiolog:
06:32
We had to get good quality images
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Vi skulle bruge billeder af god kvalitet
06:34
from which to make the CAD model.
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til at lave CAD-modellen.
06:36
Warren Thornton, who still does all our CAD models for us,
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Warren Thornton, der stadig laver alle vores CAD-modeller for os,
06:39
had to write a bespoke piece of CAD code
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var nød til og skrive et CAD program
06:42
to produce this model
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for at lave denne model
06:44
from this really rather difficult input data set.
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fra dette vanskelige datasæt.
06:49
There are some barriers to this though. There are some problems with it.
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Der findes dog nogle hindringer for dette. Der er nogle problemer med den.
06:52
Jargon is a big one.
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Fagudtryk er en stor en.
06:54
I would think no one in this room understands
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Jeg vil tro ingen i dette rum forstår
06:56
those four first jargon points there.
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disse fire første fagudtryk.
06:59
The engineers amongst you
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Ingeniørerne blandt jer
07:01
will recognize rapid prototyping and CAD.
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vil genkende rapid prototyping og CAD.
07:03
The medics amongst you, if there are any, will recognize the first two.
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Læger blandt jer, hvis der er nogen, genkender de to første.
07:06
But there will be nobody else in this room
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Men der vil være ingen i dette rum
07:08
that understands all of those four words.
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der forstår alle disse fire ord.
07:10
Taking the jargon out was very important
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At fjerne fagudtryk var meget vigtigt
07:12
to ensure that everyone in the team
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for at sikre, at alle i teamet
07:14
understood exactly what was meant
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forstod nøjagtigt hvad der blev ment
07:16
when a particular phrase was used.
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når en bestemt sætning blev brugt.
07:18
Our disciplinary conventions were funny as well.
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Vores faglige samlinger var også sjove.
07:21
We took a lot of horizontal slice images through me,
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Vi tog en masse af horisontale tværsnitsbilleder af mig,
07:24
produced those slices and then used those to build a CAD model.
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behandlede disse tværsnit og brugte dem derefter til at opbygge en CAD-model.
07:28
And the very first CAD model we made,
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Og den allerførste CAD-model,
07:30
the surgeons were playing with the plastic model,
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som kirurgerne fik mellem deres hænder,
07:33
couldn't quite figure it out.
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kunne de ikke finde hoved og hale i.
07:35
And then we realized that it was actually a mirror image
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Hvorefter vi opdagede at modellen var et spejlbillede
07:37
of the real aorta.
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af den rigtige hovedpulsåre.
07:39
And it was a mirror image
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Grunden til det var et spejlbillede
07:41
because in the real world we always look down on plans,
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er at i den virkelige verden ser vi altid på planer oppefra,
07:44
plans of houses or streets or maps.
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plantegninger af huse eller af gaderne på kort.
07:47
In the medical world they look up at plans.
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I medicinsk verden ser de på planer nedefra.
07:50
So the horizontal images were all an inversion.
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Så de vandrete billeder var alle spejlbilleder.
07:53
So one needs to be careful with disciplinary conventions.
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Så man skal være forsigtig med faglige konventioner.
07:56
Everyone needs to understand
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Alle har brug at forstå
07:58
what is assumed and what is not assumed.
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Hvad der antages og hvad ikke.
08:01
Institutional barriers
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Institutionelle barrierer
08:03
were another serious headache in the project.
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var en anden alvorlig hovedpine i projektet.
08:06
The Brompton Hospital was taken over
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Brompton Hospital blev overtaget
08:08
by Imperial College's School of Medicine,
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af Imperial College School of Medicine,
08:10
and there are some seriously bad relationship problems
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og der er nogle meget dårlige samarbejdsrelationer
08:13
between the two organizations.
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de to organisationer imellem.
08:15
I was working with Imperial and the Brompton,
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Jeg arbejdede med Imperial og Brompton,
08:17
and this generated some serious problems with the project,
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og dette skabte nogle alvorlige problemer for projektet,
08:20
really problems that shouldn't exist.
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problemer, ikke burde findes.
08:23
Research and ethics committee: If you want to do anything new in surgery,
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Forsknings- og etikudvalg: Hvis du ønsker at prøve noget nyt indenfor kirurgi,
08:26
you have to get a license from your local research and ethics.
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Du skal få en tilladelse fra din lokale forsknings- og etikudvalg.
08:29
I'm sure it's the same in Poland.
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Jeg er sikker på, det er det samme i Polen.
08:31
There will be some form of equivalent,
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Der vil være et tilsvarende udvalg,
08:34
which licenses new types of surgery.
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som godkender nye typer kirurgi.
08:37
We didn't only have the bureaucratic problems associated with that,
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De var ikke kun bureaukratiske problemer vi havde,
08:40
was also had professional jealousies.
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professionel jalousi stødte vi også på.
08:42
There were people on the research and ethics committee
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Der var mennesker i forsknings- og etikudvalget
08:44
who really didn't want to see John Pepper succeed again,
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der virkelig ikke ønsker at John Peber skulle få en succes mere,
08:47
because he's so successful.
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fordi han har haft så mange.
08:49
And they made extra problems for us.
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Og de gav os flere problemer.
08:53
Bureaucratic problems:
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Bureaukratiske problemer:
08:55
Ultimately when you have a new treatment
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Til sidst når du har en ny behandling
08:58
you have to have a guidance note going out
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skal en vejledning udgives
09:00
for all of the hospitals in the country.
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til alle hospitaler i landet.
09:02
In the U.K. we have the National Institute for Clinical Excellence, NICE.
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I U.K. har National Institute for Clinical Excellence, NICE.
09:04
You'll have an equivalent in Poland, no doubt.
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I må have et tilsvarende i Polen, uden tvivl.
09:07
We had to get past the NICE problem.
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Vi måtte overkomme NICE problemet.
09:10
We now have a great clinical guidance out on the Net.
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Vi har nu en fremragende klinisk vejledning lagt ud på nettet.
09:13
So any of the hospitals interested
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Så kan alle interesserede hospitaler
09:15
can come along, read the NICE report
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som hente og læse NICE rapporten
09:18
get in touch with us and then get doing it themselves.
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og komme i kontakt med os og derefter udfører operationen selv.
09:23
Funding barriers:
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Barrierer for finansiering:
09:25
Another big area to be concerned with.
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Et andet stort område at forholde sig til.
09:29
A big problem with understanding one of those perspectives:
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Et stort problem med forståelse blandt disse perspektiver:
09:32
When we first approached
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Når vi første gang ansøgte
09:34
one of the big U.K. charitable organizations that funds this kind of stuff,
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en af de store velgørende organisationer, der finansierer den slags ting,
09:38
what they were looking at was essentially an engineering proposal.
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betragtede de det som en ansøgning til noget teknik.
09:41
They didn't understand it; they were doctors, they were next to God.
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De forstod den ikke; de var læger, som står lige under gud.
09:43
It must be rubbish. They binned it.
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Det måtte være noget skrammel. De kasserede den.
09:45
So in the end I went to private investors
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Derefter kontaktede jeg private investorer
09:47
and I just gave up on it.
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og jeg var ved at opgive det.
09:49
But most R and D is going to be institutionally funded,
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Men det meste forskning og udvikling finansieres
09:52
by the Polish Academy of Sciences
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af det polske Videnskabsakademi
09:54
or the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council or whatever,
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eller tekniske og naturvidenskabelige forskningsråd eller nogen andre,
09:58
and you need to get past those people.
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og du skal forbi disse mennesker.
10:00
Jargon is a huge problem when you're trying to work across disciplines,
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Fagudtryk er et enormt problem, når du forsøger at arbejde på tværs af discipliner,
10:03
because in an engineering world,
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fordi i en ingeniør verden,
10:05
we all understand CAD and R.P. --
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forstår vi alle CAD og R.P. betyder--
10:07
not in the medical world.
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men ikke i den medicinske verden.
10:09
I suppose ultimately the funding bureaucrats have really got to get their act together.
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Det bevilgende bureaukrater må begynde at slå deres arbejde sammen,
10:12
They've really got to start talking to each other,
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De må begynde at tale sammen,
10:14
and they've got to exercise a bit of imagination,
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og de anvende lidt forestillingsevne
10:17
if that's not too much to ask --
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Hvis det ikke er for meget forlangt --
10:20
which it probably is.
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hvad det muligvis er.
10:23
I've coined a phrase "obstructive conservatism."
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Jeg har opfundet en sætning "obstruktiv konservatisme."
10:26
So many people in the medical world don't want to change,
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Så mange mennesker i medicinsk verden ønsker ikke forandringer,
10:29
particularly not when some jumped-up engineer has come along with the answer.
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især ikke når en tilfældig ingeniør er kommet med en løsning.
10:32
They don't want to change.
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De ønsker ikke at forandre.
10:34
They simply want to do whatever they've done before.
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De ønsker blot at gøre, hvad de altid har gjort.
10:36
And in fact, there are many surgeons in the U.K.
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Og der er mange kirurger i U.K.
10:38
still waiting for one of our patients
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som stadig venter på at en af vores patienter
10:41
to have some sort of episode,
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får et eller andet anfald,
10:43
so that they can say, "Ah, I told you that was no good."
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så de kan sige, "Ah, jeg fortalte dem, at det ville gå galt."
10:46
We've actually got 30 patients.
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Vi har nu 30 patienter.
10:48
I'm at seven and a half years.
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Jeg er på syv og et halvt år.
10:50
We've got 90 post-op patient years between us,
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Vi har rundet 90 post-operations år,
10:52
and we haven't had a single problem.
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og vi ikke har haft et eneste problem endnu.
10:54
And still, there are people in the U.K. saying,
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Og stadig, der er mennesker i U.K. siger,
10:56
"Yeah, that external aortic root, yeah, it'll never work, you know."
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"Denne eksterne pulsårestrømpe, det kommer aldrig til at virke"
10:59
It really is a problem. It really is a problem.
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Det er virkelig et problem. Det er virkelig et problem.
11:01
I'm sure everyone in this room has come across arrogance
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Jeg er sikker på, alle i dette rum har mødt arrogance
11:04
amongst medics, doctors, surgeons at some point.
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blandt medicinere, læger, kirurger på et tidspunkt.
11:08
The middle point is simply
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Det centrale er simpelthen
11:10
the way that the doctors protect themselves.
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den måde hvorpå lægerne beskytter sig selv.
11:13
"Yeah, well of course, I'm looking after my patient."
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"Selvfølgeligt, bekymrer jeg mig for min patient."
11:16
I think it's not good, but there you are, that's my view.
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Jeg tror ikke det er godt, det er min opfattelse.
11:19
Egos, of course, again, a huge problem
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Store egoer, er naturligvis, igen, et enormt problem
11:21
If you're working in a multidisciplinary team,
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Hvis du arbejder i en tværfaglig gruppe,
11:23
you've got to give your guys the benefit of the doubt.
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må du give de andre fordel af tvivlen.
11:26
You've got to express support for them.
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Du må udvise tillid til dem.
11:28
Tom Treasure, professor of cardiothoracic surgery:
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Tom Treasure, professor i hjerte-bryst kirurgi:
11:31
incredible guy.
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Utrolig fyr.
11:33
Dead easy to give him respect.
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Død let at respektere ham.
11:35
Him giving me respect? Slightly different.
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Respektere han mig? Lidt anderledes.
11:38
That's all the bad news.
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Det er alle de dårlige nyheder.
11:40
The good news is the benefits are stonkingly huge.
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De gode nyheder er at fordelene er "stonkingly" enorme.
11:44
Translate that one. I bet they can't.
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Oversætte den? Jeg væder på de ikke kan.
11:46
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
11:48
When you have a group of people
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Når du har en gruppe mennesker
11:50
who have had a different professional training, a different professional experience,
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som har haft en anderledes uddannelse, en anden professionel erfaring,
11:53
they not only have a different knowledge base,
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de har ikke kun en forskellige vidensbase,
11:55
but they have a different perspective on everything.
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men de har også andre synsvinkler på alt.
11:57
And if you can bring those guys together
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Og hvis du kan samle disse fyre
11:59
and you can get them talking and understanding each other,
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og du kan få dem tale sammen og forstå hinanden,
12:02
the results can be spectacular.
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kan resultaterne være spektakulære.
12:05
You can find novel solutions, really novel solutions,
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Du kan finde nye løsninger, virkelig nye løsninger,
12:08
that have never been looked at before
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der har aldrig været tænkt på før
12:10
very, very quickly and easily.
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meget, meget hurtigt og nemt.
12:12
You can shortcut huge amounts of work
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Du kan skyde genvej gennem enorme mængder af arbejde
12:15
simply by using the extended knowledge base you have.
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blot ved hjælp af den udvidede vidensbase du har.
12:18
And as a result,
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Og som følge heraf
12:20
it's an entirely different use of the technology
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det er en helt anden brug af teknologi
12:23
and the knowledge around you.
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og viden omkring dig.
12:26
The result of all this
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Resultatet af alt dette
12:28
is that you can get incredibly quick progress
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er at du kan få utrolig hurtig fremskridt
12:31
on incredibly small budgets.
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på utroligt små budgetter.
12:33
I'm so embarrassed at how cheap it was
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Jeg er så flov på, hvordan billigt det var
12:35
to get from my idea to me being implanted
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at komme fra min idé, til jeg fik implantationen,
12:38
that I'm not prepared to tell you what it cost.
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at ikke jeg parat til at fortælle jer, hvad det kostede.
12:40
Because I suspect there are
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Fordi jeg formoder, at der er
12:42
absolutely standard surgical treatments
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absolut standard kirurgiske behandlinger
12:44
probably in the USA
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sandsynligvis i USA
12:46
which cost more
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som koster mere
12:48
for a one-off patient
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til en enkeltstående patient
12:51
than the cost of us getting from my dream
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end omkostningerne ved, at komme fra min drøm
12:54
to my reality.
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til min virkelighed.
12:56
That's all I want to say, and I've got three minutes left.
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Det er alt vil jeg sige, og jeg har tre minutter tilbage.
12:59
So Heather's going to like me.
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Så Heather vil elske mig.
13:01
If you have any questions, please come up and talk to me later on.
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Hvis du har nogle spørgsmål, kom endelig og tal med mig senere.
13:04
It would be a pleasure to speak with you. Many thanks.
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Det ville være en fornøjelse at tale med jer. Mange tak.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tal Golesworthy - Engineer and artistTal Golesworthy is an engineer and entrepreneur, working in research and development of combustion and air pollution control -- until he decided to innovate in his own health.
Why you should listen
Tal Golesworthy is an experienced engineer and entrepreneur who branched out into bio-engineering in response to his own dilated aorta. His company now funds the research and development of devices that will help people with aortic dilation avoid major surgery and lifelong drug therapy.
He also has considerable expertise over a wide range of combustion and process plant including conventional and novel combustion systems, and his background has also included several years as an information scientist, and hot gas cleaning.
Tal Golesworthy | Speaker | TED.com