ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Moshe Safdie - Architect
Moshe Safdie's buildings -- from grand libraries to intimate apartment complexes -- explore the qualities of light and the nature of private and public space.

Why you should listen

Moshe Safdie's master's thesis quickly became a cult building: his modular "Habitat '67" apartments for Montreal Expo '67. Within a dizzying pile of concrete, each apartment was carefully sited to have natural light and a tiny, private outdoor space for gardening. These themes have carried forward throughout Safdie's career -- his buildings tend to soak in the light, and to hold cozy, user-friendly spaces inside larger gestures.

He's a triple citizen of Canada, Israel and the United States, three places where the bulk of his buildings can be found: in Canada, the National Gallery in Ottawa, the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, the Vancouver public library. For Yad Vashem, the Holocaust museum in Jerusalem, he designed the Children's Memorial and the Memorial to the Deportees; he's also built airport terminals in Tel Aviv. In the US, he designed the elegant and understated Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, Masachusetts, and the Crystal Bridges Museum in Arkansas.

More profile about the speaker
Moshe Safdie | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

Moshe Safdie: How to reinvent the apartment building

Moshe Safdie: Kako ponovno izmisliti stambenu zgradu

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1967. Moshe Safdie ponovno je zamislio monolitsku stambenu zgradu, stvarajući "Habitat '67", koji je jedinici dao neviđen osjećaj otvorenosti. Gotovo 50 godina kasnije, vjeruje da je potreba za ovakvim zgradama veća nego ikad. U ovom kratkom govoru, Safdie pregledava projekte koji uklanjaju visoko gradnju i dozvoljavaju svjetlu da se probije u gusto načičkane gradove.
- Architect
Moshe Safdie's buildings -- from grand libraries to intimate apartment complexes -- explore the qualities of light and the nature of private and public space. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
When, in 1960, still a studentstudent,
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1960., još kao student,
00:15
I got a travelingputujući fellowshipzajedništvo
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dobio sam putujuću stipendiju
00:18
to studystudija housingkućište in NorthSjever AmericaAmerika.
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kako bih proučavao
kuće u Sjevernoj Americi.
00:21
We traveledputovao the countryzemlja.
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Putovali smo zemljom.
00:23
We saw publicjavnost housingkućište high-risevisokouzlazni buildingsgrađevine
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Vidio sam nebodere za javni smještaj
00:26
in all majorglavni citiesgradovi:
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u svim velikim gradovima:
00:28
NewNovi YorkYork, PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia.
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New York, Philadelphia.
00:31
Those who have no choiceizbor livedživjeli there.
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Oni koji nisu imali izbor
živjeli su ondje.
00:33
And then we traveledputovao from suburbpredgrađe to suburbpredgrađe,
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I potom smo putovali
od pregrađa do pregrađa,
00:36
and I camedošao back thinkingmišljenje,
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i vratio sam se s idejom,
00:38
we'veimamo got to reinventreinvent the apartmentapartman buildingzgrada.
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trebamo ponovno izmisliti stambenu zgradu.
00:40
There has to be anotherjoš way of doing this.
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Mora postojati drugi način da se ovo radi.
00:43
We can't sustainodržati suburbspredgrađa,
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Ne možemo održati predgrađa,
00:45
so let's designdizajn a buildingzgrada
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pa dizajnirajmo zgradu
00:48
whichkoji givesdaje the qualitiesosobine of a housekuća
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koja daje kvalitete kuće
00:51
to eachsvaki unitjedinica.
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svakoj stambenoj jedinici.
00:52
HabitatStanište would be all about gardensvrtovi,
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U Habitatu će biti važni vrtovi,
00:56
contactkontakt with naturepriroda,
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kontakt s prirodom,
00:58
streetsulice insteadumjesto of corridorskoridora.
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ulice umjesto hodnika.
01:00
We prefabricatedmontažne it so we would achievepostići economyEkonomija,
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Prethodno smo ih iztradili
kako bi bile ekonomične,
01:04
and there it is almostskoro 50 yearsgodina laterkasnije.
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i evo ih, gotovo 50 godina kasnije.
01:09
It's a very desirablepoželjan placemjesto to liveživjeti in.
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To je vrlo poželjno mjesto za život.
01:13
It's now a heritagebaština buildingzgrada,
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To je sada zgrada naslijeđa,
01:15
but it did not proliferaterazmnožiti.
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ali njen broj se nije povećao.
01:19
In 1973, I madenapravljen my first tripputovanje to ChinaKina.
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1973. prvi put sam otputovao u Kinu.
01:24
It was the CulturalKulturne RevolutionRevolucija.
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Trajala je Kulturna Revolucija.
01:28
We traveledputovao the countryzemlja,
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Putovali smo zemljom,
01:30
metsastali with architectsarhitekti and plannersplaneri.
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sastajali se sa arhitektima i planerima.
01:33
This is BeijingBeijing then,
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Ovo je Peking tada,
01:35
not a singlesingl highvisok riseustati buildingzgrada
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bez ijednog nebodera
01:38
in BeijingBeijing or ShanghaiShanghai.
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u Pekingu ili Šangaju.
01:41
ShenzhenShenzhen didn't even existpostojati as a cityGrad.
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Šenzen nije postojao kao grad.
01:44
There were hardlyjedva any carsautomobili.
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Nije bilo automobila.
01:48
ThirtyTrideset yearsgodina laterkasnije,
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Trideset godina kasnije,
01:50
this is BeijingBeijing todaydanas.
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ovo je Peking danas.
01:53
This is HongHong KongKong.
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Ovo je Hong Kong.
01:55
If you're wealthybogat, you liveživjeti there,
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Ako ste bogati, živite ondje,
01:58
if you're poorsiromašan, you liveživjeti there,
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ako ste siromašni,živite ovdje,
02:00
but highvisok densitygustoća it is, and it's not just AsiaAsia.
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ali velika je gustoća,
i nije tako samo u Aziji.
02:03
São PauloPaulo, you can travelputovati
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Sao Paulo, možete putovati
02:05
in a helicopterhelikopter 45 minutesminuta
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u helikopteru 45 minuta
02:07
seeingvidim those high-risevisokouzlazni buildingsgrađevine consumepojesti
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i vidjeti kako neboderi konzumiraju
02:09
the 19th-centuryog stoljeća low-riseLow-ustati environmentokolina.
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niski okoliš 19. stoljeća.
02:12
And with it, comesdolazi congestionkongestija,
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I s tim, dolazi zagušenje,
02:14
and we loseizgubiti mobilitymobilnost, and so on and so forthdalje.
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gubimo mobilnost,
i tako dalje i tako bliže.
02:18
So a fewnekoliko yearsgodina agoprije, we decidedodlučio to go back
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Prije par godina, odlučili smo se vratiti
02:21
and rethinkpromisliti HabitatStanište.
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i ponovno promisliti Habitat.
02:23
Could we make it more affordabledostupan?
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Možemo li ju učiniti pristupačnijom?
02:25
Could we actuallyzapravo achievepostići this qualitykvaliteta of life
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Možemo li postići ovu kvalitetu života
02:28
in the densitiesgustoće that are prevailingprevladavajući todaydanas?
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u gustoćama koje danas prevladavaju?
02:33
And we realizedshvatio, it's basicallyu osnovi about lightsvjetlo,
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I shvatili smo, radi se o svjetlosti,
02:36
it's about sunsunce, it's about naturepriroda,
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suncu, prirodi,
02:39
it's about fractalizationfractalization.
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radi se o fraktalizaciji.
02:41
Can we openotvoren up the surfacepovršinski of the buildingzgrada
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Možemo li otvoriti površinu zgrade
02:44
so that it has more contactkontakt with the exteriorvanjski?
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tako da ima više dodira s vanjštinom?
02:47
We camedošao up with a numberbroj of modelsmodeli:
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Smislili smo velik broj modela:
02:49
economyEkonomija modelsmodeli, cheaperjeftinije to buildizgraditi and more compactkompaktan;
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ekonomične modele,
kompaktnije i lakše za gradnju;
02:53
membranesmembrane of housingkućište
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membrane kuća
02:55
where people could designdizajn theirnjihov ownvlastiti housekuća
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gdje ljudi mogu dizajnirati svoju kuću
02:57
and createstvoriti theirnjihov ownvlastiti gardensvrtovi.
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i stvoriti vlastite vrtove.
03:00
And then we decidedodlučio to take NewNovi YorkYork as a testtest casespis,
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I uzeli smo New York kao testni slučaj,
03:03
and we lookedgledao at LowerNiže ManhattanManhattan.
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i pogledali smo Manhattan.
03:06
And we mappedmapiranje all the buildingzgrada areapodručje in ManhattanManhattan.
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I mapirali smo sva područja
za građenje na Manhattanu.
03:09
On the left is ManhattanManhattan todaydanas:
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Lijevo je Manhattan danas:
03:13
blueplava for housingkućište, redcrvena for officeured buildingsgrađevine, retailmaloprodaja.
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plavo su kuće, crveno uredi, trgovine.
03:17
On the right, we reconfiguredponovo konfigurirati it:
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Desno, rekonfigurirali smo ga:
03:20
the officeured buildingsgrađevine formoblik the basebaza,
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uredi čine bazu,
03:22
and then risingrastući 75 storiespriče aboveiznad,
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i onda, 75 katova iznad,
03:25
are apartmentsapartmani.
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nalaze se stanovi.
03:27
There's a streetulica in the airzrak on the 25thth levelnivo,
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Nalazi se ulica u zraku na 25 katu,
03:30
a communityzajednica streetulica.
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društvena ulica.
03:32
It's permeablepropusna.
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Propusna je.
03:33
There are gardensvrtovi and openotvoren spacesprostori
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Postoje vrtovi i otvoreni prostori
03:35
for the communityzajednica,
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za društvo,
03:37
almostskoro everysvaki unitjedinica with its ownvlastiti privateprivatna gardenvrt,
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svaka jedinica ima
svoj vlastiti privatni vrt,
03:40
and communityzajednica spaceprostor all around.
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i društveni prostor unaokolo.
03:43
And mostnajviše importantvažno, permeablepropusna, openotvoren.
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I najvažnije, propusno je, otvoreno.
03:46
It does not formoblik a wallzid or an obstructionopstrukcije in the cityGrad,
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Ne stvara zid ili prepreku u gradu,
03:49
and lightsvjetlo permeatesprožima everywheresvugdje, posvuda.
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i svjetlost je propuštena posvuda.
03:52
And in the last two or threetri yearsgodina,
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I zadnje dvije ili tri godine,
03:54
we'veimamo actuallyzapravo been, for the first time,
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smo zapravo, prvi puta,
03:56
realizingrealizirati the qualitykvaliteta of life of HabitatStanište
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shvatili kvalitetu života Habitata
04:00
in real-lifestvarnom životu projectsprojekti acrosspreko AsiaAsia.
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u stvarnim projektima diljem Azije.
04:04
This in QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao in ChinaKina:
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Ovo je Qinhuangdao u Kini:
04:07
middle-incomesrednjeg dohotka housingkućište, where there is a bylawpravilnika
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kuće za srednji stalež, gdje je pravilo
04:09
that everysvaki apartmentapartman mustmora receivedobiti
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da svaki stan mora primiti
04:12
threetri hourssati of sunlightsunčana svjetlost.
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tri sata sunčeve svjetlosti.
04:15
That's measuredizmjerena in the winterzimski solsticesolsticij.
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To se mjeri u zimskom solsticiju.
04:18
And underpod constructionizgradnja in SingaporeSingapur,
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I u izgradnji u Singapuru,
04:21
again middle-incomesrednjeg dohotka housingkućište, gardensvrtovi,
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ponovno kuće za srednji stalež, vrtovi,
04:24
communityzajednica streetsulice and parksparkovi and so on and so forthdalje.
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društvene ulice i parkovi i tako dalje.
04:28
And ColomboColombo.
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I Colombo.
04:31
And I want to touchdodir on one more issueizdanje,
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I želim se dotaknuti još jednog problema,
04:33
whichkoji is the designdizajn of the publicjavnost realmcarstvo.
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a to je dizajniranje javne stvarnosti.
04:37
A hundredstotina yearsgodina after we'veimamo begunpočela buildingzgrada
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Sto godina nakon što smo počeli graditi
04:40
with tallvisok buildingsgrađevine,
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visoke zgrade,
04:42
we are yetjoš to understandrazumjeti
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još nismo shvatili
04:44
how the tallvisok high-risevisokouzlazni buildingzgrada
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kako visoki neboderi
04:47
becomespostaje a buildingzgrada blockblok in makingizrađivanje a cityGrad,
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postaju gradivni temelji u stvaranju grada,
04:50
in creatingstvaranje the publicjavnost realmcarstvo.
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u stvaranju javne stvarnosti.
04:53
In SingaporeSingapur, we had an opportunityprilika:
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U Singapuru, imali smo priliku:
04:55
10 millionmilijuna squarekvadrat feetnoge, extremelykrajnje highvisok densitygustoća.
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10 milijuna četvornih stopa,
ekstremno visoka gustoća.
04:58
TakingUzimanje the conceptkoncept of outdoorvanjski and indoorunutrašnji,
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Uzimajući koncept
otvorenog i zatvorenog prostora,
05:03
promenadesšetnice and parksparkovi integratedintegriran
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promenade i parkovi integrirani
05:05
with intenseintenzivan urbanurbani life.
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sa intenzivnim urbanim životom.
05:07
So they are outdoorvanjski spacesprostori and indoorunutrašnji spacesprostori,
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Postoje otvoreni i zatvoreni prostori
05:11
and you movepotez from one to the other,
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i krećete se od jednih do drugih,
05:13
and there is contactkontakt with naturepriroda,
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i postoji kontakt s prirodom,
05:15
and mostnajviše relevantlyrelativno, at everysvaki levelnivo of the structurestruktura,
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i najvažnije, na svakoj razini strukture,
05:19
publicjavnost gardensvrtovi and openotvoren spaceprostor:
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javni vrtovi i otvoreni prostori.
05:21
on the roofkrov of the podiumpodijum,
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Na krovu podija,
05:23
climbingpenjanje up the towerskule,
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penjući se uz tornjeve,
05:25
and finallykonačno on the roofkrov, the skynebo parkpark,
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i na kraju na krovu, park na nebu,
05:29
two and a halfpola acresjutara, joggingtrčanje pathsstaze, restaurantsrestorani,
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dva i pol jutra, staze za trčanje, restorani,
05:32
and the world'ssvijetu longestnajduži swimmingplivanje poolbazen.
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i najduži bazen za plivanje na svijetu.
05:38
And that's all I can tell you in fivepet minutesminuta.
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I to je sve što vam mogu reći u pet minuta.
05:40
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
05:42
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Ivan Stamenkovic
Reviewed by Senzos Osijek

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Moshe Safdie - Architect
Moshe Safdie's buildings -- from grand libraries to intimate apartment complexes -- explore the qualities of light and the nature of private and public space.

Why you should listen

Moshe Safdie's master's thesis quickly became a cult building: his modular "Habitat '67" apartments for Montreal Expo '67. Within a dizzying pile of concrete, each apartment was carefully sited to have natural light and a tiny, private outdoor space for gardening. These themes have carried forward throughout Safdie's career -- his buildings tend to soak in the light, and to hold cozy, user-friendly spaces inside larger gestures.

He's a triple citizen of Canada, Israel and the United States, three places where the bulk of his buildings can be found: in Canada, the National Gallery in Ottawa, the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, the Vancouver public library. For Yad Vashem, the Holocaust museum in Jerusalem, he designed the Children's Memorial and the Memorial to the Deportees; he's also built airport terminals in Tel Aviv. In the US, he designed the elegant and understated Peabody Essex Museum in Salem, Masachusetts, and the Crystal Bridges Museum in Arkansas.

More profile about the speaker
Moshe Safdie | Speaker | TED.com