Nadine Burke Harris: How childhood trauma affects health across a lifetime
ナディン・バーク・ハリス: いかに子供時代のトラウマが生涯に渡る健康に影響を与えるのか
Nadine Burke Harris’ healthcare practice focuses on a little-understood, yet very common factor in childhood that can profoundly impact adult-onset disease: trauma. Full bio
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カイザーパーマネンテは
that dramatically increased the risk
トップ10死因のうち7つのリスクが
causes of death in the United States.
brain development,
is read and transcribed.
転写にも影響し
of heart disease and lung cancer
生涯3倍にも高まり
in life expectancy.
in routine screening or treatment.
スクリーニングや治療の訓練を受けていません
not a pesticide or a packaging chemical.
殺虫剤や化学物質の事ではありません
am I talking about here?
or losing a basketball game.
負けたりすることについてではありません
that are so severe or pervasive
文字通り人を苛立たせ
and change our physiology:
深刻であまねく広がっている
who struggles with mental illness
親の下で育つといった
I was trained to view them,
物事を見ていました
refer to social services --
refer to mental health services.
委ねられるというようにです
to make me rethink my entire approach.
考え直す出来事が起こったのです
where I felt really needed,
California Pacific Medical Center,
最も優れた私立の病院である
in Northern California,
メディカルセンターで働き 同時に
in Bayview-Hunters Point,
医院を開設することにしました
neighborhoods in San Francisco.
医療サービスが十分でない地区の一つでした
one pediatrician in all of Bayview
たった一人しかいませんでした
to provide top-quality care
支払能力にかかわらず
the typical health disparities:
健康格差をなくす事
asthma hospitalization rates,
喘息の入院率を上げる事を目標にしました
a disturbing trend.
気づき始めました
referred to me for ADHD,
注意欠陥多動性障害 つまり
Hyperactivity Disorder,
紹介を受けるようになったのです
a thorough history and physical,
十分に診察を行うと
for most of my patients,
had experienced such severe trauma
とても深刻なトラウマを体験していたので
was going on.
見逃していたのです
やり損なっていたのです
I did a master's degree in public health,
修士課程を修めました
in public health school
教えられることの一つは次のような事です
that all drink from the same well,
子どもたちを診るとします
and write that prescription
after dose of antibiotics,
"What the hell is in this well?"
「一体この井戸の中になにがあるんだ?」
I could get my hands on
影響するのかについて
and bodies of children.
読み始めました
my colleague walked into my office,
have you seen this?"
of a research study
Experiences Study.
(ACE,小児期逆境体験)Studyでした
and ultimately my career.
そして経歴さえも変わりました
needs to know about.
知る必要があるものです
and Dr. Bob Anda at the CDC,
CDCのボブ・アンダ博士によってなされた研究です
about their history of exposure
childhood experiences," or ACEs.
or sexual abuse;
また性的虐待
substance dependence, incarceration;
a point on your ACE score.
ACEスコアに加点していきます
against health outcomes.
関連づけたのです
頻繁にあるという事
had at least one ACE,
had four or more ACEs.
ACEスコアがあるという事
a dose-response relationship
the worse your health outcomes.
健康結果は悪いという事なのです
of four or more,
obstructive pulmonary disease
of someone with an ACE score of zero.
あるのです
two and a half times.
リスクになります
four and a half times.
of seven or more
of lung cancer
of ischemic heart disease,
in the United States of America.
and they said, "Come on.
「ちょっと待って
you're more likely to drink and smoke
飲酒や喫煙をしがちだったのでしょう
that are going to ruin your health.
This is just bad behavior."
ただの悪習慣だ」と
where the science comes in.
better than we ever have before
and bodies of children.
the nucleus accumbens,
center of the brain
司る領域に影響を与えます
in substance dependence.
and executive function,
前頭皮質を抑制します
in the amygdala,
to high doses of adversity
になるのかには
in high-risk behavior,
engage in any high-risk behavior,
巻き込まれないとしても
to develop heart disease or cancer.
the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis,
関係があります
stress response system
反応を支配しています
in the forest and you see a bear.
出会ったとしましょう
sends a signal to your pituitary,
to your adrenal gland that says,
Adrenaline! Cortisol!"
アドレナリン!コーチゾル!」
fight that bear or run from the bear.
and there's a bear.
家で熊に会うと何が起こるかという事です
when the bear comes home every night,
over and over and over again,
適応して命を救う事から
adaptive, or life-saving,
to this repeated stress activation,
ストレスの活性化に敏感です
are just developing.
発達段階にあるからです
brain structure and function,
機能に影響があるだけでなく
is read and transcribed.
転写のされ方まで影響を受けます
threw my old training out the window,
知識を捨ててしまいました
the mechanism of a disease,
which pathways are disrupted, but how,
to use this science
予防や治療の為に 科学を使う事が
the Center for Youth Wellness
The Center for Youth Wellness を設立しました
of ACEs and toxic stress.
予防し検査し治療する為です
of every one of our kids
一般的なスクリーニング検査を
has an ACE score of 4,
to develop hepatitis or COPD,
COPDに罹りやすく
to become depressed,
to attempt to take her own life
傾向があると
that works to reduce the dose of adversity
多職種から成る治療チームを編成しています
including home visits, care coordination,
精神衛生 栄養などの総合的介入で
心と体の両面から症状を治療し
medication when necessary.
about the impacts of ACEs and toxic stress
鉛中毒に注意したりするように
electrical outlets, or lead poisoning,
有害なストレスの影響について教えました
of our asthmatics and our diabetics
need more aggressive treatment,
大きな変化を与えているので
and immune systems.
治療計画を作りました
when you understand this science
from the rooftops,
for kids in Bayview.
問題ではないからです
that everybody else heard about this,
multi-disciplinary treatment teams,
多職種混成治療チームができて
effective clinical treatment protocols.
になるだろうと思ったのですが
best clinical practice
思っていたものは
of the American Academy of Pediatrics,
unaddressed public health threat
that's a terrifying prospect.
それは恐ろしい可能性です
seems so large that it feels overwhelming
どうやってアプローチするか考えると
where the hopes lies,
希望があるのです
a public health crisis,
tool kit to come up with solutions.
正しい手段を使い始めることが出来るのです
to HIV/AIDS,
HIV/AIDSに至るまで
quite a strong track record
取り組んだ
with ACEs and toxic stress
同様の成功を収めるられるかどうかについては
and commitment,
our nation's response has been so far,
受け止めなかったのでしょうか?
that we marginalized the issue
外したと思っていました
in those neighborhoods.
doesn't bear that out.
その事実を裏付けてはいないのです
was done in a population
次の住民の間で行われました
I had it completely backwards.
思い始めました
how many people in this room
who suffered from mental illness,
尋ねられたら
had a parent who maybe drank too much,
if you spare the rod, you spoil the child,
本気で信じている親だったかとすれば
that touches many of us,
私たちの内の多くに影響を与えています
that we marginalize the issue
思うようになりました
in other zip codes
簡単に分かるのかもしれません
and, frankly, economic realities
卒直に言って経済的な事実が
health across a lifetime.
健康に影響を与えます
how to interrupt the progression
病気や早逝に繋がるのを
to disease and early death,
go unrecognized,
認識されないままの子供
is not connected,
結び付けられていない子供が
high blood pressure
as a six-month mortality from HIV/AIDS.
同じくらい異例なものになるでしょう
and say, "What the heck happened there?"
「ここでは一体何が起きたの?」
that we need today
this problem in the face
and this is all of us.
私たち皆の問題だと認めることです
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nadine Burke Harris - PediatricianNadine Burke Harris’ healthcare practice focuses on a little-understood, yet very common factor in childhood that can profoundly impact adult-onset disease: trauma.
Why you should listen
Pediatrician Nadine Burke Harris noticed a disturbing trend as she treated children in an underserved neighborhood in San Francisco: that many of the kids who came to see her had experienced childhood trauma. She began studying how childhood exposure to adverse events affects brain development, as well as a person’s health as an adult.
Understanding this powerful correlation, Burke Harris became the founder and CEO of the Center for Youth Wellness, an initiative at the California Pacific Medical Center Bayview Child Health Center that seeks to create a clinical model that recognizes and effectively treats toxic stress in children. Her work pushes the health establishment to reexamine its relationship to social risk factors, and advocates for medical interventions to counteract the damaging impact of stress. Her goal: to change the standard of pediatric practice, across demographics.
Nadine Burke Harris | Speaker | TED.com