Tasso Azevedo: Hopeful lessons from the battle to save rainforests
Tasso Azevedo: Hoopvolle lessen uit de strijd om de regenwouden
Tasso Azevedo has helped reduce the rate of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest by 75 percent — and inspired similar efforts around the world. Full bio
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in Latin America about 500 years ago,
zo'n vijfhonderd jaar geleden
this amazing tropical forest.
tropisch regenwoud.
that they had never seen before,
their attention very quickly.
die snel hun aandacht trok.
wanneer je de schors wegzaagt.
you find a very dark red resin
and dye fabric to make clothes.
en zo kleren te maken.
this species pau brasil,
deze soort 'pau brasil',
"land of Brasil," and later on, Brazil.
'land van Brasil' werd, en later Brazilië.
that has the name of a tree.
dat de naam heeft van een boom.
to be a forester in Brazil,
om boswachter te zijn in Brazilië,
for climate regulation.
de klimaatregulatie.
bijna zeventig procent
of the evaporation that makes rain
20 billion tons of water every day.
twintig miljard ton water in de atmosfeer.
Amazonerivier, de grootste rivier ter wereld,
which is the largest river in the world,
which is 17 billion tons.
zeventien miljard ton water.
the same effect as evapotranspiration,
als de evapotranspiratie,
power generation capacity of the world.
totale mondiale elektriciteitsopwekking.
about four billion hectares of forests.
hectare aan bossen in de wereld.
Canada and Brazil all together,
China, de VS, Canada en Brazilië samen,
is in the temperate zone,
in de gematigde zone
hectares, holds most of the biodiversity,
heeft echter de meeste biodiversiteit
of the living biomass, the carbon.
van de levende biomassa, koolstof.
zes miljard hectare bos,
six billion hectares of forest --
what we have -- 2,000 years ago.
in de laatste tweeduizend jaar.
in the last 2,000 years.
we lost half of that.
we echter de helft van dat cijfer.
from deforestation of temperate forests
ontbossing van gematigde bossen
of forest in the tropics
bos in de tropen
in temperate forests.
aan gematigde bossen.
that we are having.
van de huidige vernietiging.
piece of this puzzle.
in dit verhaal.
in de wereld, na Rusland.
forest in the world, just after Russia.
alle bossen zich in Brazilië bevindt.
the world's forests are in Brazil,
It's a very big, large area.
Het is een heel groot gebied.
many of the European countries there.
landen in passen.
of the forest cover.
bestaat nog altijd.
in slechts dertig jaar.
pump that we have in the Amazon
fast and accelerating
aan het toenemen
begin van de jaren 2000.
and the beginning of the 2000s.
square kilometers in one year.
of Costa Rica every year.
van Costa Rica, elk jaar.
in the government.
in the National Forest Department,
van het Nationaal Bosbeheer,
and find out the causes of deforestation,
de oorzaken zoeken van ontbossing
te bestrijden op nationaal niveau.
at a national level,
the civil society,
het maatschappelijk middenveld,
tackle those causes.
with 144 actions in different areas.
met 144 acties in verschillende gebieden.
all of them one by one --
of what we had done in the next few years.
wat we de jaren nadien gedaan hebben.
with the national space agency
met het nationale ruimteagentschap,
where deforestation is happening,
we have this system, DETER,
een systeem, DETER,
or every two months,
of elke twee maanden,
where deforestation is happening
precies plaatsvindt.
when it's happening.
is fully transparent
volledig inzichtelijk,
in independent systems.
in onafhankelijke systemen.
of logs that were illegally taken.
verkregen stammen in beslag te nemen.
and all the revenue becomes a fund
De opbrengst daarvan wordt een fonds
of local communities as an endowment fund.
van lokale gemeenschappen te financieren.
to make a big operation
een grote operatie opzetten
aan te pakken.
including a lot of public servants.
de arrestaties van 700 mensen,
waar illegale ontbossing plaatsvond
that areas that have been doing
any kind of credit or finance.
of financiering mogen krijgen.
and then linked this to the end users.
verbonden het met de eindgebruikers.
the slaughterhouses, and so on
from illegal clear-cut areas,
illegaal gekapte gebieden,
worden gesteld voor de ontbossing.
for the deforestation.
to push the problem down.
het probleem aan te pakken.
on land tenure issues.
over grondbezit.
conflicten te vermijden.
of protected areas were created,
gebied werd gecreëerd,
grond van de inheemse bevolking.
were indigenous lands.
in Brazil 75 percent.
met 75% gedaald.
with the average deforestation
met de gemiddelde ontbossing
which is the size of Austria.
ongeveer de oppervlakte van Oostenrijk.
het verhinderde de uitstoot
it avoided the emission
of CO2 in the atmosphere.
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
de vermindering van broeikasgassen,
these kinds of actions
economic activity or something like that.
zal zijn of zoiets.
that it's quite the opposite.
is het juist andersom.
the deepest decline of deforestation,
grootste daling in ontbossing
double from the previous decade,
in vergelijking met het vorige decennia,
maken met elkaar.
deforestation come down.
ontbossing vermindert.
and it's quite an achievement,
en een puike prestatie
very proud about that.
the deforestation in the Amazon in 2013,
last year, just last year.
in the other biomes in Brazil,
in andere ecosystemen in Brazilië,
deforestation rate in the world.
ontbossingstempo ter wereld.
we are forest heroes,
not even close to satisfied.
nog niet tevreden zijn.
of forest cover in Brazil
volledig te stoppen in Brazilië
in the relationship
klimaatverandering en bossen.
verantwoordelijk is
gas emissions come from deforestation,
de uitstoot van broeikasgassen.
van het probleem.
a big part of the solution
van de oplossing kunnen zijn,
to sink, capture and store carbon.
om koolstof vast te houden.
of climate and forests
het klimaat en bossen
and made me change my career
en waardoor ik veranderde
with climate change.
werken tegen de klimaatverandering.
in British Columbia,
the forest services of other countries
van afdelingen uit andere landen
bondgenootschap hebben,
like Canada, Russia, India, China, U.S.
India, China, de VS.
over een schorskever
we learned about this pine beetle
aan het opeten is in Canada.
the forests in Canada.
die zijn eigenlijk dood.
these are really dead trees.
door de larven van deze kever.
because of the larvae of the beetle.
the cold weather in the winter.
the sufficient cold weather
van deze kever te beperken.
the population of this beetle.
that is really killing billions of trees.
miljarden bomen aan het doden is.
dat het bos eigenlijk
that the forest is actually
victims of climate change.
slachtoffers is van klimaatverandering.
with all my colleagues
om met al mijn collega's
klimaatverandering nog konden verliezen
later on for climate change
aan klimaatverandering.
on climate change,
te begrijpen, en van daaruit vertrekken.
the challenge, and go from there.
is pretty straightforward.
tamelijk eenvoudig.
temperatuur op aarde
of the average temperature
van twee graden te geraken,
to this limit of two degrees,
inzake klimaatverandering (IPCC),
Panel on Climate Change,
duizend miljard ton CO2-uistoot
of 1,000 billion tons of CO2
door het aantal jaren,
by the number of years,
of 11 billion tons of CO2 per year.
van elf miljard ton CO2 per jaar.
running 20 kilometers a day,
die elke dag twintig kilometer rijdt,
or to London, one way.
Johannesburg of Londen.
are 50 billion tons, and it's growing.
vijftig miljard ton en is aan het groeien.
wordt het 61 ton tegen 2020.
it will be 61 by 2020.
zeven tot negen miljard mensen.
from seven to nine billion people,
zestig biljoen dollar in 2010
from 60 trillion dollars in 2010
is to be much more efficient
from seven tons of carbon per capita
naar ongeveer een ton gaan.
into something like one.
You take the airplane or you have a car.
het vliegtuig of de auto.
ontwikkelde tegen ontbossing.
a plan to combat deforestation.
Can we really do it?
Kunnen we het wel aan?
of the greenhouse gas emissions
van de uitstoot van broeikasgassen
less than 30 percent.
kunnen aanpakken,
tackle deforestation,
volgens mij moeten doen.
that I think we should do.
CO2-uitstoot van elkaar scheiden.
from carbon emissions.
to actually get more jobs
meer landbouw en een betere economie.
when we decreased deforestation
in de energiesector.
in the energy sector.
stimuli beter verdelen.
the incentives to the right place.
vijfhonderd miljard dollar
goes into subsidies for fossil fuels.
and transfer this to the renewable energy?
hernieuwbare energie?
van broeikasgassen meten
and make it transparent
waar en wanneer,
is emitting greenhouse gases
doelgericht kunnen aanpakken.
for each one of those opportunities.
the routes of development,
grote stappen zetten in ontwikkeling.
to go to the landline telephone
fossiele brandstof geven
to go to fossil fuels
zonder energie,
who don't have access to energy
between governments,
en de maatschappij.
en we hebben iedereen nodig.
and we need to have everybody on board.
as business as usual goes.
to actually change the route,
change the route.
met ontbossing in Brazilië,
with deforestation in Brazil,
met klimaatverandering in de wereld.
with climate change in the world.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tasso Azevedo - Forester and sustainability activistTasso Azevedo has helped reduce the rate of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest by 75 percent — and inspired similar efforts around the world.
Why you should listen
Tasso Azevedo founded the Brazilian non-governmental organization Imaflora in 1995 to create alternatives to deforestation. It became the leading environmental certification institution in Brazil. In 2003 he was appointed as the first director general of Brazil's National Forest Service.
In that job, by showing how the health of the Amazon rainforest is directly connected to his country’s economic stability and energy security, he led the implementation of an innovative framework of incentives for sustainable forestry that contributed to reduce the ate of deforestation in the Amazon by 75 percent -- and Brazil's greenhouse gas emissions by one-third. Today, Azevedo is focused on addressing climate change globally.
Tasso Azevedo | Speaker | TED.com