Tasso Azevedo: Hopeful lessons from the battle to save rainforests
Тассо Азэвэдо: Ой ширэнгэ хамгаалах тэмцлээс суралцах зүйлс
Tasso Azevedo has helped reduce the rate of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest by 75 percent — and inspired similar efforts around the world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
in Latin America about 500 years ago,
this amazing tropical forest.
that they had never seen before,
their attention very quickly.
you find a very dark red resin
and dye fabric to make clothes.
this species pau brasil,
"land of Brasil," and later on, Brazil.
that has the name of a tree.
to be a forester in Brazil,
for climate regulation.
чухал ач холбогдолтой.
of the evaporation that makes rain
20 billion tons of water every day.
which is the largest river in the world,
which is 17 billion tons.
the same effect as evapotranspiration,
power generation capacity of the world.
about four billion hectares of forests.
Canada and Brazil all together,
is in the temperate zone,
hectares, holds most of the biodiversity,
of the living biomass, the carbon.
six billion hectares of forest --
what we have -- 2,000 years ago.
in the last 2,000 years.
we lost half of that.
from deforestation of temperate forests
of forest in the tropics
in temperate forests.
that we are having.
piece of this puzzle.
forest in the world, just after Russia.
the world's forests are in Brazil,
It's a very big, large area.
Европын олон
many of the European countries there.
of the forest cover.
сүүлийн 30 жилд устгасан.
pump that we have in the Amazon
fast and accelerating
and the beginning of the 2000s.
square kilometers in one year.
of Costa Rica every year.
in the government.
in the National Forest Department,
and find out the causes of deforestation,
at a national level,
the civil society,
даалгавар авсан юм.
tackle those causes.
with 144 actions in different areas.
all of them one by one --
of what we had done in the next few years.
with the national space agency
where deforestation is happening,
we have this system, DETER,
or every two months,
where deforestation is happening
when it's happening.
is fully transparent
in independent systems.
огтолсон модыг хурааж,
of logs that were illegally taken.
and all the revenue becomes a fund
санхүүжүүлэх сан үүсгэсэн.
of local communities as an endowment fund.
to make a big operation
илрүүлж, 700 гаруй
including a lot of public servants.
ашигладаг салбаруудад
that areas that have been doing
any kind of credit or finance.
and then linked this to the end users.
the slaughterhouses, and so on
мод огтлох
from illegal clear-cut areas,
бүтээгдэхүүн
for the deforestation.
to push the problem down.
томоохон сүлжээ бүтээсэн.
холбоотой асуудлууд,
on land tenure issues.
of protected areas were created,
газар байсан.
were indigenous lands.
in Brazil 75 percent.
with the average deforestation
газар нутагтай
which is the size of Austria.
it avoided the emission
of CO2 in the atmosphere.
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
багасгахад чиглэсэн ажлуудаас
these kinds of actions
үйл ажиллагаанд
явагддаггүй тул
хүмүүс боддог байж болно.
economic activity or something like that.
that it's quite the opposite.
the deepest decline of deforestation,
хамгийн эрчимтэй багассан мөчлөгт
үзүүлэлтээс багадаа хоёр дахин өссөн.
double from the previous decade,
deforestation come down.
and it's quite an achievement,
very proud about that.
the deforestation in the Amazon in 2013,
Амазонд устсан гэсэн үг.
last year, just last year.
in the other biomes in Brazil,
энэ нь дэлхий дээрх
deforestation rate in the world.
түвшин болно.
we are forest heroes,
not even close to satisfied.
of forest cover in Brazil
тэмцэх, түүндээ хүрэх.
in the relationship
ой мод хоёрын харилцаа
gas emissions come from deforestation,
15% ойгүйжилтээс үүсдэг тул
a big part of the solution
to sink, capture and store carbon.
бидний мэдэх нүүрстөрөгчийг
хамгийн өгөөжтэй арга.
of climate and forests
and made me change my career
цаг уурын өөрчлөлт рүү
with climate change.
in British Columbia,
мужид өөр орнуудын
the forest services of other countries
уулзалтанд очсон юм.
like Canada, Russia, India, China, U.S.
we learned about this pine beetle
талаар мэдэж авлаа.
the forests in Canada.
these are really dead trees.
үхсэн моднууд.
because of the larvae of the beetle.
the cold weather in the winter.
өсөлтийг хязгаарлахад
the sufficient cold weather
хорхон өсөлт хяналтнаас гарч,
the population of this beetle.
that is really killing billions of trees.
that the forest is actually
victims of climate change.
зүтгэж, ой устгалыг
with all my colleagues
later on for climate change
on climate change,
the challenge, and go from there.
is pretty straightforward.
of the average temperature
to this limit of two degrees,
Цаг Агаар Өөрчлөлтийн Зөвлөл
Panel on Climate Change,
of 1,000 billion tons of CO2
by the number of years,
of 11 billion tons of CO2 per year.
running 20 kilometers a day,
or to London, one way.
are 50 billion tons, and it's growing.
61 тэрбум хүрэх магадлалтай.
it will be 61 by 2020.
from seven to nine billion people,
from 60 trillion dollars in 2010
is to be much more efficient
from seven tons of carbon per capita
into something like one.
You take the airplane or you have a car.
a plan to combat deforestation.
Can we really do it?
of the greenhouse gas emissions
less than 30 percent.
tackle deforestation,
that I think we should do.
from carbon emissions.
ялгаруулалтаас салгах хэрэгтэй.
to actually get more jobs
өсч эхлэсэн нь үүнийг баталж байна.
when we decreased deforestation
in the energy sector.
the incentives to the right place.
зөв хуваарилах хэрэгтэй.
goes into subsidies for fossil fuels.
and transfer this to the renewable energy?
оруулж яагаад болохгүй гэж.
and make it transparent
is emitting greenhouse gases
for each one of those opportunities.
болох хэрэгтэй.
the routes of development,
to go to the landline telephone
to go to fossil fuels
цэвэр эрчим хүчийг гаргатлаа
who don't have access to energy
between governments,
хамтарч үүрнэ.
and we need to have everybody on board.
бидний амьдрал явагддагтай адилаар
хувь тавилантай ижил биш.
as business as usual goes.
to actually change the route,
шинэ зүйлд хөрөнгө, цаг гаргах
бодох зоригтой байх хэрэгтэй.
change the route.
with deforestation in Brazil,
хэрэгжүүлсэн энэ аргыг дэлхийн цаг агаарын
with climate change in the world.
чадна гэж найдаж байна.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tasso Azevedo - Forester and sustainability activistTasso Azevedo has helped reduce the rate of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest by 75 percent — and inspired similar efforts around the world.
Why you should listen
Tasso Azevedo founded the Brazilian non-governmental organization Imaflora in 1995 to create alternatives to deforestation. It became the leading environmental certification institution in Brazil. In 2003 he was appointed as the first director general of Brazil's National Forest Service.
In that job, by showing how the health of the Amazon rainforest is directly connected to his country’s economic stability and energy security, he led the implementation of an innovative framework of incentives for sustainable forestry that contributed to reduce the ate of deforestation in the Amazon by 75 percent -- and Brazil's greenhouse gas emissions by one-third. Today, Azevedo is focused on addressing climate change globally.
Tasso Azevedo | Speaker | TED.com