Romina Libster: The power of herd immunity
Romina Libster: O poder da imunidade coletiva
Dr. Romina Libster investigates influenza and other respiratory viruses, searching for ways to most effectively keep viruses from spreading. Full bio
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que eu atendi como pediatra foi Sol,
I had to see as a pediatrician was Sol,
of a severe respiratory infection.
de infecção respiratória grave.
a patient worsen so fast.
um paciente piorar tão rápido.
ligada a um respirador
she was connected to a respirator
and after a quite distressing catharsis,
por uma catarse angustiante,
chefe-residente disse:
vieram à minha mente:
came to mind,
pode ser tão infeliz?"
baby be so unfortunate?"
something about it?"
milhões de pessoas por ano.
killed millions of people per year.
current population.
população da Argentina.
remember the polio epidemic
se lembrem da epidemia de pólio
available against polio.
vacina disponível contra a pólio.
They were going crazy.
estavam desoladas.
with caustic lime.
as if that could do something.
como se isso pudesse ajudar.
milhares de pessoas morreram.
thousands of people died.
with very significant neurological damage.
com danos neurológicos graves.
minha geração teve a sorte
my generation was lucky
tão terrível quanto essa.
as terrible as this.
da saúde pública do século 20.
of the 20th century's public health.
that have most reduced mortality,
que mais reduziram a mortalidade,
such as smallpox from the planet
do planeta, como a varíola,
reducing mortality
significativamente, a mortalidade
como o sarampo,
estão dentro do grupo de doenças
vaccine-preventable diseases.
something must be done.
algo deve ser feito.
se não todos que estão aqui hoje,
if not all of us here today,
at some point in our life.
se muitos de nós sabemos
we should receive after adolescence.
receber depois da adolescência.
quem estamos protegendo
who we are protecting
além da nossa própria proteção?
beyond protecting ourselves?
of a particular disease,
de uma doença em particular,
has ever had contact with the disease.
teve contato com a doença.
nor been vaccinated against measles.
nem foi vacinado contra o sarampo.
aparecer na cidade,
appears in this city
from person to person,
de pessoa para pessoa
throughout the community.
por toda a comunidade.
não existiam as vacinas.
of the population
the measles, which means
o que significa
survived, and developed natural defenses;
defesas naturais, sobreviveram
immunized against measles.
appears in this city,
that much from person to person.
de pessoa para pessoa.
será contida
to pay attention to something.
of the disease
the people in this community
as pessoas dessa comunidade
coming in contact with the disease,
em contato com a doença,
within a community receive
dentro da comunidade recebem
by vaccinated people,
cercadas por pessoas vacinadas,
on this herd immunity
dessa imunidade coletiva
in infographics are not just hypothetical.
desenhos num gráfico.
and nephews, our children,
to receive their first shots.
para ter tomado as primeiras vacinas.
nossos conhecidos
that lowers their defenses.
que diminuem suas defesas.
allergic to a particular vaccine.
a uma determinada vacina.
the expected effect,
o efeito esperado,
são 100% efetivas.
are always 100 percent effective.
necessariamente, da imunidade coletiva
almost exclusively on herd immunity
da imunidade coletiva,
of the population be vaccinated.
da população esteja vacinada.
imunes geradas pela vacina.
that the vaccine generates.
em uma comunidade
in a vaccinated community
abaixo desse número limiar,
to spread more freely
transmitida livremente
of this disease within the community.
dentro da comunidade.
at some point controlled may reappear.
estavam controladas podem reaparecer.
and is still happening.
published an article
publicou um artigo
medical journals,
revistas de medicina,
mumps and rubella,
e de vacinar seus filhos.
and stopped vaccinating their children.
fell below this threshold.
caiu abaixo desse limiar.
in many cities in the world --
em várias cidades do mundo,
within the medical community.
comoção na comunidade médica.
a avaliar se isso era verdade.
if this was actually true.
and autism at the population level,
e o autismo em termos populacional,
had incorrect claims.
que o artigo possuía alegações incorretas.
publicamente pelo artigo em 2010.
the article in 2010.
e desculpas para não se vacinar
for not getting vaccinated
podem ter efeitos colaterais.
can have potential adverse effects.
than possible complications.
do que as possíveis complicações.
we want to heal fast.
queremos melhorar rápido.
when we have an infection,
quando temos uma infecção,
when we have high blood pressure,
quando nossa pressão está alta,
and we want to heal fast.
e queremos melhorar rápido.
em prevenção de doenças
to think of preventing diseases,
when we are healthy?
when affected by an illness,
na Argentina e no mundo todo.
in Argentina and worldwide.
began to come to light,
estávamos entrando no inverno.
were entering the winter season.
ran into pharmacies to buy alcohol gel.
para comprar álcool em gel.
in pharmacies to get a vaccine,
para se vacinar,
if it was the right vaccine
tomando a vacina correta
against this new virus.
bolsa de estudos na Fundação INFANT,
my fellowship at the Infant Foundation,
para uma operadora de plano de saúde.
for a prepaid medicine company.
my shift at 8 a.m.,
turno começava às 8h,
of 50 scheduled visits.
de 50 visitas agendadas.
people didn't know what to do.
de pacientes que eu examinava.
that I was examining.
what we were used to seeing in winter,
que costumávamos ver no inverno,
com o meu orientador,
to my fellowship mentor,
the same from a colleague,
of pregnant women
de mulheres grávidas e adultos jovens
o que estava acontecendo.
what was happening.
we took the car
in Buenos Aires Province,
na Província de Buenos Aires
for cases of the new influenza virus.
do novo vírus influenza.
it was crowded.
com roupas de biossegurança, tipo NASA.
in NASA-like bio-safety suits.
para o rosto no bolso.
por duas horas.
didn't breathe for two hours.
a entrar em contato com pediatras
reaching out to pediatricians
e na Província de Buenos Aires.
and in Buenos Aires Province.
in contact with our children,
em contato com as nossas crianças,
this new H1N1 virus had
tinha este novo vírus H1N1
hospitalized by this virus.
nos hospitais por causa dele.
got more seriously ill:
que mais adoeciam:
less than one year old;
especialmente aquelas menores de um ano;
with chronic pulmonary diseases.
was important
de risco foi muito importante
como grupos prioritários
for getting the influenza vaccine,
da vacina contra a gripe,
which the pandemic not yet reached.
onde a epidemia ainda não tinha chegado.
H1N1 virus became available,
do vírus H1N1 estava disponível,
campanha de vacinação,
of the at-risk groups vaccinated,
de risco vacinados,
of individual responsibility,
de responsabilidade individual,
not only am I protecting myself,
apenas me protegendo,
her first vaccine against whooping cough.
a primeira vacina contra a coqueluche.
o que teria acontecido
had been vaccinated.
tivessem sido vacinados.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Romina Libster - Medical researcherDr. Romina Libster investigates influenza and other respiratory viruses, searching for ways to most effectively keep viruses from spreading.
Why you should listen
Dr. Romina Libster is a staff scientist and assistant investigator at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. She received her Doctor of Medicine, with High Honors from the University Of Buenos Aires School Of Medicine in 2004. She then completed her pediatric internship and residency at the “Pedro de Elizalde” Children’s Hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina from 2004-2008. Upon completion of this training she began her Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship at the Fundación INFANT in Buenos Aires under the tutelage of a renowned investigator, Dr. Fernando P. Polack. Shortly after assuming her fellowship position, she began the Master in Clinical Effectiveness Program in Buenos Aires. She conducted a series of complex and innovative studies on respiratory viruses, with a special focus on influenza. Romina was invited by Dr. Kathryn M. Edwards to join the Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program team at Vanderbilt University in 2009 where she is leading a large clinical trial to determine the safety and immunogenicity of sequential rotavirus vaccine schedules. In 2013, Dr. Libster returned to her home country through a repatriation program from Fundación INFANT where she joined the faculty at the institution.
Romina Libster | Speaker | TED.com