ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Hammond - Friend of the High Line
The co-founder of Friends of the High Line, Robert Hammond helped lead the effort to build an elevated park on an abandoned railway line in Manhattan.

Why you should listen

Robert Hammond is the co-founder and former executive director of Friends of the High Line. He's worked as a consultant for a variety of entrepreneurial endeavors and nonprofits, including the Times Square Alliance, Alliance for the Arts and National Cooperative Bank (NCB).

Hammond is also a self-taught artist. From 2002 to 2005 he served as an Ex-Officio Trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He was awarded the Rome Prize from the American Academy in Rome in 2009.

More profile about the speaker
Robert Hammond | Speaker | TED.com
TED2011

Robert Hammond: Building a park in the sky

罗伯特·哈蒙德:空中公园

Filmed:
863,704 views

纽约市计划要拆除高架线,一条在曼哈顿废弃的高架铁路,当罗伯特·哈蒙德和一些朋友提议:为什么不把它建成公园呢?他分享了当地文化运动主义的这个故事是怎么使公园的计划得以成型。
- Friend of the High Line
The co-founder of Friends of the High Line, Robert Hammond helped lead the effort to build an elevated park on an abandoned railway line in Manhattan. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
The Highline海莱
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高架线
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is an old, elevated提高的 rail line线
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是一条旧的,高架轨道线
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that runs运行 for a mile英里 and a half right through通过 Manhattan曼哈顿.
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它直通曼哈顿有一英里半长的距离。
00:22
And it was originally本来 a freight货物 line线
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它原本是
00:24
that ran down 10th Ave大道.
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沿着第十大街的货运线。
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And it became成为 known已知 as "Death死亡 Avenue大街"
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它因“死亡大道”而得名
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because so many许多 people were run over by the trains火车
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因为许多人被列车压死
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that the railroad铁路 hired雇用 a guy on horseback马背 to run in front面前,
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以至于铁路局聘请马背上的一个家伙要跑在火车前鸣笛开道,
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and he became成为 known已知 as the "West西 Side Cowboy牛仔."
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他就是著名的“西区小子”。
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But even with a cowboy牛仔,
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但即使有这样的牛仔,
00:38
about one person a month
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每月约有一人
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was killed杀害 and run over.
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还是被压死。
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So they elevated提高的 it.
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所以他们建了高架轨道。
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They built内置 it 30 ftFT. in the air空气, right through通过 the middle中间 of the city.
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他们把它建在空中有30英尺高,横跨城市市中。
00:47
But with the rise上升 of interstate州际 trucking卡车,
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但随着州际货运的兴起,
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it was used less and less.
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高架线被用得越来越少。
00:51
And by 1980, the last train培养 rode骑着车.
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到1980年,最后一班列车运行。
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It was a train培养 loaded with frozen冻结的 turkeys火鸡 -- they say, at Thanksgiving感恩 --
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据说,在感恩节,那是一辆装有冷冻火鸡的列车--
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from the meatpacking肉类加工 district.
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从肉类加工区开出。
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And then it was abandoned.
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然后高架线被弃用。
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And I live生活 in the neighborhood邻里,
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我住在附近,
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and I first read about it in the New York纽约 Times,
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我第一次在纽约时报读到这个,
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in an article文章 that said it was going to be demolished拆除.
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在一篇文章里说它要被拆除。
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And I assumed假定 someone有人 was working加工
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我想着有人会行动
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to preserve保留 it or save保存 it
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去保留或者保护它
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and I could volunteer志愿者,
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我可以志愿,
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but I realized实现 no one was doing anything.
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但我意识到没有人做点事请。
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I went to my first community社区 board meeting会议 --
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我第一次去了社区委员会会议--
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which哪一个 I'd never been to one before --
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之前我从没去过--
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and satSAT next下一个 to another另一个 guy named命名 Joshua约书亚 David大卫,
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邻座的另一个人名叫约书亚·大卫,
01:22
who's谁是 a travel旅行 writer作家.
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他是一名旅行作家。
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And at the end结束 of the meeting会议, we realized实现
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在会议之后,我意识到
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we were the only two people that were sort分类 of interested有兴趣 in the project项目;
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我们是仅有的两个人会对这计划感兴趣;
01:28
most people wanted to tear眼泪 it down.
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多数人想要拆除它。
01:30
So we exchanged交换 business商业 cards,
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所以我们交换了名片,
01:32
and we kept不停 calling调用 each other
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我们互通电话
01:34
and decided决定 to start开始 this organization组织,
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决定开始组成这个组织,
01:36
Friends of the High Line线.
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高架线的朋友。
01:38
And the goal目标 at first
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起初目标
01:40
was just saving保存 it from demolition拆除,
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仅是保护它不要被拆除,
01:42
but then we also wanted to figure数字 out what we could do with it.
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但后来我们也想搞明白我们可以为此做些什么。
01:45
And what first attracted吸引 me, or interested有兴趣 me,
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首先吸引我的或让我感兴趣的
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was this view视图 from the street --
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是从这街上看过去的高架线--
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which哪一个 is this steel structure结构体,
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它是这种钢铁结构,
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sort分类 of rusty生疏,
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有点生锈,
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this industrial产业 relic遗迹.
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这种工业建筑遗产。
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But when I went up on top最佳,
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但当我从上放眼望去,
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it was a mile英里 and a half of wildflowers野花
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它是一英里半的野花丛生
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running赛跑 right through通过 the middle中间 of Manhattan曼哈顿
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直通曼哈顿的市中心
02:02
with views意见 of the Empire帝国 State Building建造
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可以看见帝国大厦,
02:04
and the Statue雕像 of Liberty自由 and the Hudson哈德森 River.
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自由女神像和哈得逊河。
02:06
And that's really where we started开始,
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这的确就是我们开始要着手的
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the idea理念 coalesced合并 around, let's make this a park公园,
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结合周围的想法就是让我们把这建成一个公园,
02:11
and let's have it be sort分类 of inspired启发
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让我们把它建成
02:13
by this wildscapewildscape.
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是受这种野外景致启发的公园。
02:16
At the time, there was a lot of opposition反对.
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那时候,还有很多阻力。
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Mayor市长 Giuliani朱利安尼 wanted to tear眼泪 it down.
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朱利亚尼市长想要拆除它。
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I'm going to fast-forward快进 through通过 a lot of lawsuits诉讼
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我会很快面临许多诉讼
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and a lot of community社区 engagement订婚.
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和参与许多社区。
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Mayor市长 Bloomberg彭博 came来了 in office办公室, he was very supportive支持,
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布隆伯格市长来到我办公室,他是非常支持的,
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but we still had to make the economic经济 case案件.
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但我们还得面对经济问题。
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This was after 9/11;
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这是在9/11之后;
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the city was in tough强硬 times.
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纽约市处于困难时期。
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So we commissioned委托 an economic经济 feasibility可行性 study研究
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所以我们委托了一家经济可行性研究
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to try to make the case案件.
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试着做这案例。
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And it turns out, we got those numbers数字 wrong错误.
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结果是,我们得到了错误的数字。
02:40
We thought it would cost成本 100 million百万 dollars美元 to build建立.
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我们原想它会花费1亿美元去建成。
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So far it's cost成本 about 150 million百万.
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到目前为止,它的成本约为一亿五千万元。
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And the main主要 case案件 was,
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主要是,
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this is going to make good economic经济 sense for the city.
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这将会为这城市带来好的经济效益。
02:50
So we said over a 20-year-年 time period,
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所以我们说在20年的时间内,
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the value to the city in increased增加 property属性 values
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对这城市价值是增加其地产价值
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and increased增加 taxes
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增加税收
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would be about 250 million百万.
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会约为两亿五千万美元。
03:00
That was enough足够. It really got the city behind背后 it.
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这足够了。这真的得到了它背后的城市价值。
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It turns out we were wrong错误 on that.
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但结果是我们就这方面是错误的。
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Now people estimate估计 it's created创建 about a half a billion十亿 dollars美元,
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现在人们估计它创造了约5亿美元,
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or will create创建 about a half a billion十亿 dollars美元,
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或者会创造约5亿美元
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in tax revenues收入 for the city.
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在城市的税收方面。
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We did a design设计 competition竞争,
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我们有了一个设计比赛,
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selected a design设计 team球队.
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选择了一个设计团队。
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We worked工作 with them to really create创建 a design设计
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我们与他们
03:17
that was inspired启发 by that wildscapewildscape.
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受此野外景致的启发而真正创造了一个设计。
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There's three sections部分.
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共有三个部分。
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We opened打开 the fist拳头 section部分 in 2009.
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在2009年我们开放了第一部分。
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It's been successful成功 beyond our dreams.
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它远超乎我们的梦想而成功了。
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Last year we had about two million百万 people,
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去年约有两百万人,
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which哪一个 is about 10 times what we ever estimated预计.
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这比我们曾估计的人数要多出10倍。
03:32
This is one of my favorite喜爱 features特征 in section部分 one.
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在第一部分这是我最喜欢的景致之一。
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It's this amphitheater圆形剧场 right over 10th Ave大道.
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这是在第十大街的圆形剧场。
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And the first section部分 ends结束 at 20th St. right now.
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目前第一部分截止于第二十大街。
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The other thing, it's generated产生, obviously明显, a lot of economic经济 value;
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另一件事,很明显,它产生了大量的经济价值;
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it's also inspired启发, I think, a lot of great architecture建筑.
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我想,它也激发了许多伟大的建筑。
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There's a point, you can stand here
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在这一点,你能站在这儿
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and see buildings房屋 by Frank坦率 Gehry盖瑞,
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俯视弗兰克·盖里
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Jean吉恩 Nouvel努维尔, Shigeru Ban禁止,
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让·努维尔,坂茂,
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Neil尼尔 DenariDenari.
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尼尔·丹尼瑞的建筑群。
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And the Whitney惠特尼 is moving移动 downtown市中心
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惠特尼艺术博物馆会移到市中心
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and is building建造 their new museum博物馆 right at the base基础 of the High Line线.
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恰好在在高架线基地建立它们的新博物馆。
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And this has been designed设计 by Renzo伦佐 Piano钢琴.
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这博物馆是由伦佐·皮亚诺设计的。
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And they're going to break打破 ground地面 in May可能.
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他们会在今年五月破土动工。
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And we've我们已经 already已经 started开始 construction施工 on section部分 two.
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我们已经开工建设第二部分。
04:08
This is one of my favorite喜爱 features特征,
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这也是我最喜欢的景致之一,
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this flyover天桥 where you're eight feet
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这座天桥
04:12
off the surface表面 of the High Line线,
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离高架线的表面有8英尺
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running赛跑 through通过 a canopy华盖 of trees树木.
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它穿行于一群树木树冠之间。
04:16
The High Line线 used to be covered覆盖 in billboards广告牌,
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高架线曾被广告牌覆盖,
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and so we've我们已经 taken采取 a playful调皮 take
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所以我们采取俏皮的方法
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where, instead代替 of framing取景 advertisements广告,
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取代框架广告的是,
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it's going to frame people in views意见 of the city.
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它会把人们框架到城市的景观中去。
04:26
This was just installed安装 last month.
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这是上月才开始安装的。
04:29
And then the last section部分 was going to go around the rail yards,
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然后最后一部分是沿着各铁路站场,
04:32
which哪一个 is the largest最大 undeveloped未开发 site现场
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它们是曼哈顿最大的未开发的
04:34
in Manhattan曼哈顿.
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地方。
04:36
And the city has planned计划 -- for better or for worse更差 --
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纽约市为了更好的或者更糟的城市规划着--
04:39
12 million百万 square-feet平方英尺 of development发展
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一千两百万平方英尺的发展
04:41
that the High Line线 is going to ring around.
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高架线也将环顾左右。
04:43
But what really, I think, makes品牌 the High Line线 special特别
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但我想使得高架线的确特别的
04:45
is the people.
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是人们。
04:47
And honestly老老实实, even though虽然 I love the designs设计 that we were building建造,
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实话说,尽管我爱我们所建造的设计,
04:50
I was always frightened受惊 that I wouldn't不会 really love it,
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我常常害怕,我不会是真的爱它们,
04:53
because I fell下跌 in love with that wildscapewildscape --
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因为我爱上了这种野外景致--
04:55
and how could you recreate重建 that magic魔法?
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我们怎能重新创造这种神奇呢?
04:57
But what I found发现
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但我所发现的
04:59
is it's in the people and how they use it
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是这里的人们,他们怎么使用这公园
05:01
that, to me, makes品牌 it so special特别.
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对我而言,才使得这高架线如此特别。
05:03
Just one quick example
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仅一个简单的例子
05:05
is I realized实现 right after we opened打开
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是我恰好意识到在我们开放公园后
05:07
that there were all these people holding保持 hands on the High Line线.
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在高架线所有这些人握手了。
05:10
And I realized实现 New Yorkers纽约人 don't hold保持 hands;
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我知道纽约人从不握手;
05:13
we just don't do that outside.
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我们只是在外边不会这么做。
05:16
But you see that happening事件 on the High Line线,
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但大家看到在高架线上所发生的事,
05:18
and I think that's the power功率
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我想这就是种力量
05:20
that public上市 space空间 can have
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使得公众空间可以
05:22
to transform转变 how people experience经验 their city
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改变人们体验自己城市的感受
05:24
and interact相互作用 with each other.
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并互动联系在一起。
05:26
Thanks谢谢.
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谢谢。
05:28
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Angelia King
Reviewed by Yvonne Fu

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Hammond - Friend of the High Line
The co-founder of Friends of the High Line, Robert Hammond helped lead the effort to build an elevated park on an abandoned railway line in Manhattan.

Why you should listen

Robert Hammond is the co-founder and former executive director of Friends of the High Line. He's worked as a consultant for a variety of entrepreneurial endeavors and nonprofits, including the Times Square Alliance, Alliance for the Arts and National Cooperative Bank (NCB).

Hammond is also a self-taught artist. From 2002 to 2005 he served as an Ex-Officio Trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He was awarded the Rome Prize from the American Academy in Rome in 2009.

More profile about the speaker
Robert Hammond | Speaker | TED.com