TED2011
Robert Hammond: Building a park in the sky
Robert Hammond: Gradnja parka na nebu
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New York je planirao srušiti High Line, napuštenu povišenu željezničku prugu na Manhattanu, kada su Robert Hammond i nekoliko prijatelja predložili: Zašto je ne pretvorimo u park? On dijeli kako se to dogodilo u priči o lokalnom kulturalnom aktivizmu.
Robert Hammond - Friend of the High Line
The co-founder of Friends of the High Line, Robert Hammond helped lead the effort to build an elevated park on an abandoned railway line in Manhattan. Full bio
The co-founder of Friends of the High Line, Robert Hammond helped lead the effort to build an elevated park on an abandoned railway line in Manhattan. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
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The Highline
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Highline
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is an old, elevated rail line
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je stara, povišena željeznička pruga
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that runs for a mile and a half right through Manhattan.
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koja se proteže 2,5 kilometra kroz Manhattan.
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And it was originally a freight line
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I to je izvorno bila linija za prijevoz tereta
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that ran down 10th Ave.
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koja je išla niz 10. aveniju.
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And it became known as "Death Avenue"
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I postala je poznata kao "Avenija smrti"
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because so many people were run over by the trains
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jer je toliko mnogo ljudi vlak pregazio
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that the railroad hired a guy on horseback to run in front,
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da je željeznica unajmila čovjeka na konju koji je trčao ispred
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and he became known as the "West Side Cowboy."
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i postao je poznat kao "Kauboj sa zapadne strane".
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But even with a cowboy,
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Ali čak i s kaubojem,
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about one person a month
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otprilike jedna osoba mjesečno
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was killed and run over.
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je ubijena i pregažena.
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So they elevated it.
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Stoga su je povisili.
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They built it 30 ft. in the air, right through the middle of the city.
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Sagradili su je na 9 metara visine, i išla je kroz središte grada.
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But with the rise of interstate trucking,
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Ali s porastom međudržavnog kamionskog prijevoza
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it was used less and less.
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sve se manje i manje koristila.
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And by 1980, the last train rode.
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I do 1980. zadnji vlak je prošao njome.
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It was a train loaded with frozen turkeys -- they say, at Thanksgiving --
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To je bio vlak pun smrznutih purica -- kažu kako je to bilo za Dan zahvalnosti --
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from the meatpacking district.
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koji je dolazio iz smjera kvarta gdje su pakirali meso.
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And then it was abandoned.
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I zatim je napuštena.
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And I live in the neighborhood,
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A ja živim u susjedstvu
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and I first read about it in the New York Times,
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i prvi put sam čitao o tome u New York Timesu,
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in an article that said it was going to be demolished.
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u članku u kojem je pisalo kako će biti uništena.
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And I assumed someone was working
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I pretpostavljao sam kako netko radi na tome
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to preserve it or save it
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da je se očuva ili zaštiti
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and I could volunteer,
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i ja ću moći volontirati,
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but I realized no one was doing anything.
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ali shvatio sam kako nitko ne radi ništa.
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I went to my first community board meeting --
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Otišao sam na svoj prvi sastanak odbora zajednice --
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which I'd never been to one before --
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na kojemu nikada prije nisam bio --
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and sat next to another guy named Joshua David,
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i sjeo sam pored jednog čovjeka zvanog Joshua David,
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who's a travel writer.
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koji je putopisac.
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And at the end of the meeting, we realized
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I na kraju sastanka, shvatili smo
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we were the only two people that were sort of interested in the project;
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kako smo samo nas dvoje zainteresirani za taj projekt;
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most people wanted to tear it down.
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većina ljudi je htjela to srušiti.
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So we exchanged business cards,
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Stoga smo razmijenili vizitke
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and we kept calling each other
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i nastavili se zvati
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and decided to start this organization,
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i odlučili osnovati tu organizaciju,
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Friends of the High Line.
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Prijatelji High Linea.
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And the goal at first
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I cilj je na početku
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was just saving it from demolition,
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bio samo spašavanje od uništenja,
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but then we also wanted to figure out what we could do with it.
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ali zatim smo shvatili kako možemo nešto i učiniti s time.
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And what first attracted me, or interested me,
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A ono što me prvo privuklo, ili zainteresiralo,
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was this view from the street --
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je bio taj pogled s ulice --
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which is this steel structure,
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bila je to ta čelična struktura,
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sort of rusty,
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nekako zahrđala,
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this industrial relic.
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ta industrijska relikvija.
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But when I went up on top,
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Ali kada sam došao gore,
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it was a mile and a half of wildflowers
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to je bilo 2,5 kilometra divljeg cvijeća
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running right through the middle of Manhattan
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koje se protezalo kroz središte Manhattana
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with views of the Empire State Building
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s pogledima na Empire State Building
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and the Statue of Liberty and the Hudson River.
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i na Kip slobode i na rijeku Hudson.
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And that's really where we started,
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I otuda smo zapravo počeli,
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the idea coalesced around, let's make this a park,
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ideja nam je sjela i rekli smo kako bismo mogli pretvoriti to u park
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and let's have it be sort of inspired
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i neka bude nekako inspiriran
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by this wildscape.
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ovim divljim krajolikom.
02:16
At the time, there was a lot of opposition.
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U to vrijeme, bilo je puno protivljenja.
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Mayor Giuliani wanted to tear it down.
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Gradonačelnik Giuliani je želio to uništiti.
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I'm going to fast-forward through a lot of lawsuits
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Brzo ću premotati naprijed preko hrpe sudskih tužbi
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and a lot of community engagement.
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i mnogo uključivanja zajednice.
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Mayor Bloomberg came in office, he was very supportive,
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Gradonačelnik Bloomberg je došao u ured i on je pružao veliku podršku,
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but we still had to make the economic case.
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ali još uvijek smo to morali ekonomski opravdati.
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This was after 9/11;
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To je bilo nakon 9/11;
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the city was in tough times.
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to su bila teška vremena za grad
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So we commissioned an economic feasibility study
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Stoga smo platili studiju ekonomske izvedivosti
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to try to make the case.
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kako bismo potvrdili naš slučaj.
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And it turns out, we got those numbers wrong.
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I kako se ispostavilo, dobili smo pogrešne brojeve.
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We thought it would cost 100 million dollars to build.
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Mislili smo kako će izgradnja doći 100 milijuna dolara.
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So far it's cost about 150 million.
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Do sada, trošak se popeo na 150 milijuna.
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And the main case was,
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A glavni slučaj je bio,
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this is going to make good economic sense for the city.
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kako će to imati veliki ekonomski smisao za grad.
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So we said over a 20-year time period,
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Stoga smo rekli kako će u 20-godišnjem periodu,
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the value to the city in increased property values
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vrijednost za grad u povećanim vrijednostima zemljišta
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and increased taxes
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i povećanim porezima
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would be about 250 million.
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biti oko 250 milijuna dolara.
03:00
That was enough. It really got the city behind it.
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To je bilo dovoljno. To je dovelo do toga da nas grad podrži.
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It turns out we were wrong on that.
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Ispostavilo se kako smo i tu pogriješili.
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Now people estimate it's created about a half a billion dollars,
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Sada su ljudi procjenjivali kako je to stvorilo gradu pola milijarde dolara,
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or will create about a half a billion dollars,
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ili će stvoriti oko pola milijarde dolara
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in tax revenues for the city.
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u poreznim prihodima.
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We did a design competition,
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Napravili smo natjecanje za dizajnere,
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selected a design team.
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odabrali dizajnerski tim.
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We worked with them to really create a design
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Radili smo s njima kako bi stvarno stvorili dizajn
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that was inspired by that wildscape.
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koji je inspiriran tim divljim krajolikom.
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There's three sections.
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Postoje tri sekcije.
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We opened the fist section in 2009.
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Otvorili smo prvu sekciju 2009. godine.
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It's been successful beyond our dreams.
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Nismo ni mogli zamisliti koliko će biti uspješna.
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Last year we had about two million people,
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Prošle godine nas je posjetilo dva milijuna ljudi,
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which is about 10 times what we ever estimated.
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što je oko 10 puta više nego smo procjenjivali.
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This is one of my favorite features in section one.
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Ovo je jedna od mojih najdražih odlika u sekciji jedan.
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It's this amphitheater right over 10th Ave.
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To je ovaj amfiteatar preko 10. avenije.
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And the first section ends at 20th St. right now.
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A prva sekcija sada završava na 20. ulici.
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The other thing, it's generated, obviously, a lot of economic value;
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Druga stvar, generirao je, očito, mnogo ekonomske vrijednosti;
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it's also inspired, I think, a lot of great architecture.
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inspirirao je, mislim, puno odlične arhitekture.
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There's a point, you can stand here
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Ovdje je mjesto, možete stajati ovdje
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and see buildings by Frank Gehry,
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i vidjeti zgrade Franka Gehrya,
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Jean Nouvel, Shigeru Ban,
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Jeana Nouvela, Shigeru Bana,
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Neil Denari.
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Neila Denarija.
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And the Whitney is moving downtown
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A Whitney se seli u središte grada
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and is building their new museum right at the base of the High Line.
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i grade svoj novi muzej odmah do podnožja High Linea.
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And this has been designed by Renzo Piano.
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A ovo je dizajnirao Renzo Piano.
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And they're going to break ground in May.
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I probiti će temelje u svibnju.
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And we've already started construction on section two.
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I već smo počeli gradnju na sekciji broj dva.
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This is one of my favorite features,
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Ovo je jedna od mojih najdražih značajki,
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this flyover where you're eight feet
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ovaj mostić gdje ste 2,5 metra
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off the surface of the High Line,
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iznad površine High Linea,
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running through a canopy of trees.
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i trčite kroz kupolu drveća.
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The High Line used to be covered in billboards,
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High Line su nekada pokrivali veliki plakati
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and so we've taken a playful take
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i stoga smo se htjeli poigrati
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where, instead of framing advertisements,
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i tako, umjesto uramljivanja oglašivačkih poruka,
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it's going to frame people in views of the city.
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uramljivati će ljude u pogledima na grad.
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This was just installed last month.
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Ovo je ugrađeno prošli mjesec.
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And then the last section was going to go around the rail yards,
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A zatim će zadnja sekcija ići okolo željezničkih polja,
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which is the largest undeveloped site
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što je najveće nerazvijeno zemljište
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in Manhattan.
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na Manhattanu.
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And the city has planned -- for better or for worse --
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A grad je planirao -- u dobru i u zlu --
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12 million square-feet of development
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12 milijuna četvornih stopa razvoja
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that the High Line is going to ring around.
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koje će High Line okruživati.
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But what really, I think, makes the High Line special
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Ali ono što doista, mislim, čini High Line posebnom
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is the people.
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su ljudi.
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And honestly, even though I love the designs that we were building,
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I iskreno, čak iako volim dizajne koje gradimo,
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I was always frightened that I wouldn't really love it,
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uvijek sam se bojao kako ih neću stvarno voljeti,
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because I fell in love with that wildscape --
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jer sam se zaljubio u taj divlji krajolik --
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and how could you recreate that magic?
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a kako možete ponovno stvoriti tu čaroliju?
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But what I found
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Ali ono što sam otkrio
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is it's in the people and how they use it
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je kako su ljudi i kako ga oni koriste
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that, to me, makes it so special.
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to, za mene, što ga čini posebnim.
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Just one quick example
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Samo jedan kratak primjer
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is I realized right after we opened
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je kako sam shvatio odmah nakon što smo otvorili
05:07
that there were all these people holding hands on the High Line.
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i tamo su bili svi ti ljudi na High Line koji su se držali za ruke.
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And I realized New Yorkers don't hold hands;
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I shvatio sam kako se New Yorčani ne drže za ruke;
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we just don't do that outside.
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jednostavno to ne činimo vani.
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But you see that happening on the High Line,
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Ali vidite kako se to događa na High Line
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and I think that's the power
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i mislim kako je to moć
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that public space can have
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koju javni prostor može imati
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to transform how people experience their city
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kako bi preobrazio način na koji ljudi doživljavaju svoj grad
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and interact with each other.
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i komuniciraju jedni s drugima.
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Thanks.
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Hvala.
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(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robert Hammond - Friend of the High LineThe co-founder of Friends of the High Line, Robert Hammond helped lead the effort to build an elevated park on an abandoned railway line in Manhattan.
Why you should listen
Robert Hammond is the co-founder and former executive director of Friends of the High Line. He's worked as a consultant for a variety of entrepreneurial endeavors and nonprofits, including the Times Square Alliance, Alliance for the Arts and National Cooperative Bank (NCB).
Hammond is also a self-taught artist. From 2002 to 2005 he served as an Ex-Officio Trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He was awarded the Rome Prize from the American Academy in Rome in 2009.
Robert Hammond | Speaker | TED.com