ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Karima Bennoune - Professor of international law
Karima Bennoune's new book introduces the world to people who speak out against fundamentalist terrorism.

Why you should listen

Karima Bennoune is a professor of international law at the University of California–Davis School of Law. She grew up in Algeria and the United States and now lives in northern California.

She has published widely in many leading academic journals, as well as in the Guardian, The New York Times, Comment is Free, the website of Al Jazeera English, The Nation. The topic of her most recent publication ‘Your Fatwa Does Not Apply Here’ is a very personal one for her. Her father Mahfoud Bennoune was an outspoken professor at the University of Algiers, and faced death threats during the 1990s, but continued speaking out against fundamentalism and terrorism. In writing this book, Karima set out to meet people who are today doing what her father did back then, to try to garner for them greater international support than Algerian democrats received during the 1990s.

She has served as a member of the Executive Council of the American Society of International Law and on the board of directors of Amnesty International USA. Currently, she sits on the Board of the Network of Women Living Under Muslim Laws. She has also been a consultant on human rights issues for the International Council on Human Rights Policy, the Soros Foundation, the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers, and for the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Her human rights field missions have included Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Fiji, Lebanon, Pakistan, South Korea, southern Thailand, and Tunisia.

She traveled to Algeria in February 2011 to serve as an observer at pro-democracy protests with the support of the Urgent Action Fund for Women’s Human Rights, writing a series of articles about these events for the Guardian. In October 2011, she volunteered as an election observer during the Tunisian constituent assembly elections with Gender Concerns International.

More profile about the speaker
Karima Bennoune | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxExeter

Karima Bennoune: When people of Muslim heritage challenge fundamentalism

卡里玛·本尼: 恐怖主义不为人知的另一面

Filmed:
1,504,177 views

Karima Bennoune 分享了四个充满力量的故事,有关人们在自己的家园对抗原教义主义者的真实的故事——拒绝将他们热爱的信仰变成犯罪、攻击和谋杀的工具。这些充满人性光辉的小故事,向我们点亮了世界上最为人忽视的人权斗争过程之一。
- Professor of international law
Karima Bennoune's new book introduces the world to people who speak out against fundamentalist terrorism. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
Could I protect保护 my father父亲
0
621
1372
我能否仅凭一把水果刀保护我的父亲,
00:13
from the Armed武装 Islamic清真 Group with a paring削皮 knife?
1
1993
3175
免受伊斯兰武装组织的伤害?
00:17
That was the question I faced面对
2
5168
1561
这就是1993年六月一个周二的早上,
00:18
one Tuesday星期二 morning早上 in June六月 of 1993,
3
6729
2768
当我还是一名法学院学生时
00:21
when I was a law student学生.
4
9497
1842
面临的问题。
00:23
I woke醒来 up early that morning早上
5
11339
1938
那天早上在父亲的公寓
00:25
in Dad's爸爸的 apartment公寓
6
13277
1120
我醒的很早
00:26
on the outskirts郊区 of Algiers阿尔及尔, Algeria阿尔及利亚,
7
14397
2298
那是在阿尔及利亚的阿尔及尔市的郊外,
00:28
to an unrelenting无情 pounding重击 on the front面前 door.
8
16695
3274
门外响起了用力的敲门声。
00:31
It was a season季节 as described描述 by a local本地 paper
9
19969
2760
那是一个被当地报刊描述为
00:34
when every一切 Tuesday星期二 a scholar学者 fell下跌
10
22729
2856
每个周二都有一名学者
00:37
to the bullets子弹 of fundamentalist原教旨主义 assassins刺客.
11
25585
3183
倒在原教旨主义者枪口之下的季节。
00:40
My father's父亲的 university大学 teaching教学 of Darwin达尔文
12
28768
2362
我父亲在大学的达尔文(进化论)教学
00:43
had already已经 provoked a classroom课堂 visit访问
13
31130
2000
已经惹得所谓的
00:45
from the head of the so-called所谓
Islamic清真 Salvation救恩 Front面前,
14
33130
3471
伊斯兰救国阵线头目到访课堂。
00:48
who denounced谴责 Dad as an advocate主张 of biologism生物学化
15
36601
3056
在父亲将他驱逐出课堂前,
00:51
before Dad had ejected喷出 the man,
16
39657
2666
他公然抨击父亲为生物主义的倡导者.
00:54
and now whoever was outside
17
42323
1487
而现在门外的这个人,
00:55
would neither也不 identify鉴定 himself他自己 nor也不 go away.
18
43810
3100
既不说自己是谁,也不离开。
00:58
So my father父亲 tried试着 to get the police警察 on the phone电话,
19
46910
2972
所以我的父亲打电话报警,
01:01
but perhaps也许 terrified by the rising升起 tide浪潮
20
49882
2098
但是可能被这些已经害死了
01:03
of armed武装 extremism极端主义 that had already已经 claimed声称
21
51980
2424
这么多阿尔及利亚官员的武装极端分子
01:06
the lives生活 of so many许多 Algerian阿尔及利亚人 officers长官,
22
54404
2533
不断高涨的势力所恐吓,
01:08
they didn't even answer回答.
23
56937
2126
警察们甚至没有接起电话。
01:11
And that was when I went to the kitchen厨房,
24
59063
2339
就是那个时候,我走进厨房,
01:13
got out a paring削皮 knife,
25
61402
1375
拿起一把水果刀,
01:14
and took up a position位置 inside the entryway入口.
26
62777
2978
挡在了门厅过道上。
01:17
It was a ridiculous荒谬 thing to do, really,
27
65755
1547
这其实很可笑,真的,
01:19
but I couldn't不能 think of anything else其他,
28
67302
1849
但是我想不出还能做什么了,
01:21
and so there I stood站在.
29
69151
2589
所以我就站在那里。
01:23
When I look back now, I think
that that was the moment时刻
30
71740
2507
如今当我回想起那个场景,我认为
01:26
that set me on the path路径 was to writing写作 a book
31
74247
2514
就是那个时候我想要写一本书,叫做:
01:28
called "Your Fatwa法特瓦 Does Not Apply应用 Here:
32
76761
2652
《你的圣令(Fatwa)在此无效:
01:31
Untold不为人知 Stories故事 from the Fight斗争
Against反对 Muslim穆斯林 Fundamentalism原教旨主义."
33
79413
4037
未曾公开的与穆斯林原教旨主义抗争的故事》
01:35
The title标题 comes from a Pakistani巴基斯坦 play.
34
83450
2966
这个标题来自于一出巴基斯坦剧本。
01:38
I think it was actually其实 that moment时刻
35
86416
2850
我认为实际上正是那一刻
01:41
that sent发送 me on the journey旅程
36
89266
1744
让我踏上一段旅程
01:43
to interview访问 300 people of Muslim穆斯林 heritage遗产
37
91010
2950
去采访了来自近30个国家的
01:45
from nearly几乎 30 countries国家,
38
93960
1534
300名穆斯林,
01:47
from Afghanistan阿富汗 to Mali马里,
39
95494
2416
从阿富汗到马里,
01:49
to find out how they fought战斗 fundamentalism原教旨主义
40
97910
2341
他们是如何和平抗争原教旨主义的
01:52
peacefully安然 like my father父亲 did,
41
100251
2228
就像我父亲做的那样
01:54
and how they coped应对 with the attendant服务员 risks风险.
42
102479
3735
还有他们是如何应对挥之不去的生命威胁。
01:58
Luckily, back in June六月 of 1993,
43
106214
2217
很幸运的,1993年六月那次
02:00
our unidentified未确认的 visitor游客 went away,
44
108431
2832
门外的身份不明的到访者最终离开了,
02:03
but other families家庭 were so much less lucky幸运,
45
111263
3045
但是其他的家庭远没有那么幸运,
02:06
and that was the thought
that motivated动机 my research研究.
46
114308
3853
也正是这个想法激发了我的研究。
02:10
In any case案件, someone有人 would return返回
47
118161
1530
无论哪种情况,几个月之后
02:11
a few少数 months个月 later后来 and leave离开 a note注意
48
119691
1584
都会有人在我父亲的餐桌上
02:13
on Dad's爸爸的 kitchen厨房 table,
49
121275
1452
留下一张这样的纸条,
02:14
which哪一个 simply只是 said, "Consider考虑 yourself你自己 dead."
50
122727
4130
只有一句“当作你已经死了”。
02:18
Subsequently后来, Algeria's阿尔及利亚
fundamentalist原教旨主义 armed武装 groups
51
126857
2988
随后, 阿尔及利亚的原教旨武装组织
02:21
would murder谋杀 as many许多 as 200,000 civilians老百姓
52
129845
3063
在二十世纪九零年代
02:24
in what came来了 to be known已知
53
132908
1352
谋杀了超过二十万名平民
02:26
as the dark黑暗 decade of the 1990s,
54
134260
2878
成为名副其实的黑暗十年,
02:29
including包含 every一切 single one
55
137138
1872
受害者包括现在大屏幕上
02:31
of the women妇女 that you see here.
56
139010
3247
你看到的每一位女性。
02:34
In its harsh苛刻 counterterrorist反恐 response响应,
57
142257
2873
当国家开始粗暴的反击
02:37
the state resorted使出 to torture拷打
58
145130
1997
使用刑讯逼供等手段打击恐怖主义
02:39
and to forced被迫 disappearances失踪,
59
147127
1711
(很多人)未经审判就“突然消失”,
02:40
and as terrible可怕 as all of these events事件 became成为,
60
148838
3362
当这可怕的一切发生的时候,
02:44
the international国际 community社区 largely大部分 ignored忽视 them.
61
152200
3635
国际社会在很大程度上忽略了他们。
02:47
Finally最后, my father父亲, an Algerian阿尔及利亚人
peasant's农民 son儿子 turned转身 professor教授,
62
155835
3723
最终,我那从阿尔及利亚农民家庭
成长为教授的父亲,
02:51
was forced被迫 to stop teaching教学 at the university大学
63
159558
2103
被迫停止的在大学的任职
02:53
and to flee逃跑 his apartment公寓,
64
161661
2189
并逃出了他的公寓
02:55
but what I will never forget忘记
65
163850
1373
但是我永远无法忘记
02:57
about MahfoudMahfoud BennouneBennoune, my dad,
66
165223
2235
Mahfoud Bennoune, 我的父亲
02:59
was that like so many许多 other Algerian阿尔及利亚人 intellectuals知识分子,
67
167458
2709
就像其他诸多阿尔及利亚知识分子一样,
03:02
he refused拒绝 to leave离开 the country国家
68
170167
1774
他拒绝离开他的祖国
03:03
and he continued继续 to publish发布 pointed criticisms批评,
69
171941
3058
并且他继续出版尖锐的评论
03:06
both of the fundamentalists原教旨主义者
70
174999
1950
既有针对原教旨主义的,
03:08
and sometimes有时 of the government政府 they battled作战.
71
176949
2970
有时也有针对与他们作战的政府的
03:11
For example, in a November十一月 1994 series系列
72
179919
3122
比如说,在1994年11月期间
03:15
in the newspaper报纸 El萨尔瓦多 Watan祖国报
73
183041
2154
在名为《El Watan》报纸上
03:17
entitled标题 "How Fundamentalism原教旨主义
74
185195
1509
标题为“ 原教旨主义何以孕育恐怖主义,
03:18
Produced生成 a Terrorism恐怖主义 without Precedent先例,"
75
186704
3542
与传统文化背道而驰。”
03:22
he denounced谴责 what he called
76
190246
1237
他谴责了被他称之为
03:23
the terrorists'恐怖分子 radical激进 break打破 with the true真正 Islam伊斯兰教
77
191483
3333
恐怖主义者与我们祖先倡导的
03:26
as it was lived生活 by our ancestors祖先.
78
194816
2868
真正穆斯林之间的的本质区别。
03:29
These were words that could get you killed杀害.
79
197684
2831
这些言论足以让你丧命。
03:32
My father's父亲的 country国家 taught me
80
200515
1477
在九十年代的黑暗十年,
03:33
in that dark黑暗 decade of the 1990s that
81
201992
2554
我父亲的祖国教会了我
03:36
the popular流行 struggle斗争 against反对 Muslim穆斯林 fundamentalism原教旨主义
82
204546
3408
与穆斯林原教旨主义的普遍抗争
03:39
is one of the most important重要
83
207954
1688
是世界上最重要的
03:41
and overlooked忽视 human人的 rights权利 struggles斗争
84
209642
2531
也最被忽略的
人权运动之一。
03:44
in the world世界.
85
212173
1755
03:45
This remains遗迹 true真正 today今天, nearly几乎 20 years年份 later后来.
86
213928
3611
这在将近20年后的今天依然是真的
03:49
You see, in every一切 country国家
87
217539
1581
你看,在每一个你听说
03:51
where you hear about armed武装 jihadis圣战者
88
219120
1850
武装圣战分子(吉哈德)
03:52
targeting针对 civilians老百姓,
89
220970
1756
袭击平民的国家里,
03:54
there are also unarmed徒手 people
90
222726
1675
都有赤手空拳的大众
03:56
defying不畏 those militants武装分子 that you don't hear about,
91
224401
2847
在反抗那些你没有听说过的激进分子
03:59
and those people need our support支持 to succeed成功.
92
227248
4582
他们需要我们的支持, 以取得成功。
04:03
In the West西, it's often经常 assumed假定
93
231830
1818
西方世界普遍认为
04:05
that Muslims穆斯林 generally通常 condone纵容 terrorism恐怖主义.
94
233648
3037
穆斯林对恐怖主义是容忍的.
04:08
Some on the right think this because they view视图
95
236685
2002
有些右翼分子这样认为是因为
04:10
Muslim穆斯林 culture文化 as inherently本质 violent暴力,
96
238687
2263
他们将穆斯林文化看做是固有暴力的(文化)
04:12
and some on the left imagine想像 this
97
240950
1585
一些左翼分子这样想则是因为
04:14
because they view视图 Muslim穆斯林 violence暴力,
98
242535
1788
他们将穆斯林的暴力
04:16
fundamentalist原教旨主义 violence暴力,
99
244323
1351
原教旨主义者的暴力
04:17
solely独自 as a product产品 of legitimate合法 grievances委屈.
100
245674
3633
全都看做是合法的申诉
04:21
But both views意见 are dead wrong错误.
101
249307
2497
但是这两种观点都是致命的错误
04:23
In fact事实, many许多 people of Muslim穆斯林 heritage遗产
102
251804
1815
事实上,全世界许多穆斯林传统 的人们
04:25
around the world世界 are staunch坚定 opponents对手
103
253619
2764
都是原教旨主义和恐怖主义的
04:28
both of fundamentalism原教旨主义 and of terrorism恐怖主义,
104
256383
3261
坚定反对者
04:31
and often经常 for very good reason原因.
105
259644
2466
并且有着非常好的理由
04:34
You see, they're much more likely容易 to be victims受害者
106
262110
2040
你们看,他们更像是这些暴力事件的受害者
04:36
of this violence暴力 than its perpetrators肇事者.
107
264150
3155
而并非行凶者
04:39
Let me just give you one example.
108
267305
2017
让我来举一个例子
04:41
According根据 to a 2009 survey调查
109
269322
2843
根据一个2009年的调查
04:44
of Arabic阿拉伯 language语言 media媒体 resources资源,
110
272165
2340
基于阿拉伯语媒体的报道
04:46
between之间 2004 and 2008,
111
274505
3251
在2004年至2008年间
04:49
no more than 15 percent百分 of al Qaeda's阿尔盖达 victims受害者
112
277756
3124
仅仅有15%的基地组织受害者
04:52
were Westerners西方人.
113
280880
1581
是西方人.
04:54
That's a terrible可怕 toll收费, but the vast广大 majority多数
114
282461
2945
这(也)很可怕,但是绝大部分
04:57
were people of Muslim穆斯林 heritage遗产,
115
285406
1769
被穆斯林原教旨主义者杀害的人
04:59
killed杀害 by Muslim穆斯林 fundamentalists原教旨主义者.
116
287175
2816
是穆斯林人自己.
05:01
Now I've been talking for the last five minutes分钟
117
289991
2828
现在我已经讲了五分钟
05:04
about fundamentalism原教旨主义, and you have a right to know
118
292819
2483
关于原教旨主义,你们有权利明确地知道
05:07
exactly究竟 what I mean.
119
295302
1694
我说的意思
05:08
I cite引用 the definition定义 given特定 by the Algerian阿尔及利亚人 sociologist社会学家
120
296996
3905
我引用了阿尔及利亚社会学家
05:12
MariemeMarieme HelieHelie Lucas卢卡斯,
121
300901
2039
Marieme Helie Lucas 给出的定义
05:14
and she says that fundamentalisms原教旨主义,
122
302940
2396
她说原教旨主义们
05:17
note注意 the "s," so within all of the world's世界
123
305336
2498
注意这个“们”, 所以在世界上所有的
05:19
great religious宗教 traditions传统,
124
307834
1822
伟大的宗教传统里
05:21
"fundamentalisms原教旨主义 are political政治
movements运动 of the extreme极端 right
125
309656
3971
“原教旨主义是极端权利的政治运动
05:25
which哪一个 in a context上下文 of globalization全球化
126
313627
2163
在全球化操控宗教的背景下
05:27
manipulate操作 religion宗教 in order订购 to achieve实现
127
315790
2494
为了达到
05:30
their political政治 aims目标."
128
318284
1649
他们的政治目的”
05:31
Sadia萨迪亚 Abbas阿巴斯 has called this the radical激进 politicization政治
129
319933
3683
Sadia Abbas 将此称为
激进的宗教体系政治化
05:35
of theology神学.
130
323616
1511
05:37
Now I want to avoid避免 projecting突出 the notion概念
131
325127
2415
现在我想避免表达一个概念
05:39
that there's sort分类 of a monolith整体 out there
132
327542
1786
那就是有一块被称为穆斯林原教旨主义的巨石
05:41
called Muslim穆斯林 fundamentalism原教旨主义
that is the same相同 everywhere到处,
133
329328
3213
它在任何地方都一样
05:44
because these movements运动
also have their diversities多样性.
134
332541
2716
因为这些运动同样也有它们 自身的差异
05:47
Some use and advocate主张 violence暴力.
135
335257
2463
有些使用并提倡暴力
05:49
Some do not, though虽然 they're often经常 interrelated相关.
136
337720
2630
有些没有,尽管它们通常是相互关联的
05:52
They take different不同 forms形式.
137
340350
1570
它们采取了不同的形式
05:53
Some may可能 be non-governmental民间 organizations组织,
138
341920
2624
有些可能是非政府组织
05:56
even here in Britain英国 like CageprisonersCageprisoners.
139
344544
2532
甚至在英国也有 Cageprisoners 这样的组织.
05:59
Some may可能 become成为 political政治 parties派对,
140
347076
2093
有些可能是政治党派
06:01
like the Muslim穆斯林 Brotherhood手足情谊,
141
349169
1571
比如穆斯林兄弟会
06:02
and some may可能 be openly公然 armed武装 groups
142
350740
1718
还有些可能是公开武装的组织
06:04
like the Taliban塔利班.
143
352458
1725
比如塔利班
06:06
But in any case案件, these are all radical激进 projects项目.
144
354183
3321
但是无论如何,这些都是激进的计划
06:09
They're not conservative保守 or traditional传统 approaches方法.
145
357504
3229
它们不是保守的或者传统的方法
06:12
They're most often经常 about changing改变
people's人们 relationship关系 with Islam伊斯兰教
146
360733
3213
它们大多是有关于改变人们
与穆斯林之间的关系
06:15
rather than preserving it.
147
363946
1555
而不是保护(这种关系)
06:17
What I am talking about is the Muslim穆斯林 extreme极端 right,
148
365501
3390
我现在谈的是穆斯林极右势力
06:20
and the fact事实 that its adherents信徒 are
149
368891
1999
而这种极右势力
06:22
or purport旨趣 to be Muslim穆斯林
150
370890
1840
由于依附于穆斯林存在
06:24
makes品牌 them no less offensive进攻
151
372730
1410
使得它们相对于其它极右势力
06:26
than the extreme极端 right anywhere随地 else其他.
152
374140
2491
显得并没有那么的极端.
06:28
So in my view视图, if we consider考虑 ourselves我们自己
153
376631
1867
因此我认为,如果我们将自己看成
06:30
liberal自由主义的 or left-wing左翼,
154
378498
1750
自由主义者或者左翼分子
06:32
human人的 rights-loving版权爱 or feminist女权主义者,
155
380248
2460
人权拥护者或者男女平等主义者
06:34
we must必须 oppose反对 these movements运动
156
382708
2201
我们必须反对这些运动
06:36
and support支持 their grassroots基层 opponents对手.
157
384909
2845
并且支持他们的草根反对者.
06:39
Now let me be clear明确
158
387754
1616
我要明确一点,
06:41
that I support支持 an effective有效 struggle斗争
159
389370
2002
我支持一种针对原教旨主义的
06:43
against反对 fundamentalism原教旨主义,
160
391372
1945
有力地反抗,
06:45
but also a struggle斗争 that must必须 itself本身
161
393317
2280
但是这种反抗本身同时也必须
06:47
respect尊重 international国际 law,
162
395597
1938
尊重国际法,
06:49
so nothing I am saying should be taken采取
163
397535
2429
所以我所说的一切都不应该
06:51
as a justification理由 for refusals拒绝
164
399964
1845
被认为是一种拒绝民主的
06:53
to democratize民主化,
165
401809
1465
辩护理由.
06:55
and here I send发送 out a shout-out喊出来 of support支持
166
403274
2675
并且在这里我发出呐喊
06:57
to the pro-democracy亲民主 movement运动
in Algeria阿尔及利亚 today今天, Barakat巴拉卡特.
167
405949
4051
支持今天在阿尔及利亚的巴拉卡特的民主运动.
07:02
Nor也不 should anything I say be taken采取
168
410000
2282
我说的任何话也不应该被认为
07:04
as a justification理由 of violations违规 of human人的 rights权利,
169
412282
2867
是侵犯人权的辩护理由.
07:07
like the mass death死亡 sentences句子
170
415149
1406
就像这周早些时候,
07:08
handed out in Egypt埃及 earlier this week.
171
416555
2920
在埃及集中实行的死刑.
07:11
But what I am saying
172
419475
1523
我想要强调的是
07:12
is that we must必须 challenge挑战 these
Muslim穆斯林 fundamentalist原教旨主义 movements运动
173
420998
3307
我们必须挑战
这些穆斯林原教旨主义者的运动
07:16
because they threaten威胁 human人的 rights权利
174
424305
1818
因为他们威胁了人权
07:18
across横过 Muslim-majority穆斯林占多数 contexts上下文,
175
426123
2583
在穆斯林占人口大多数的环境下
07:20
and they do this in a range范围 of ways方法,
176
428706
2381
并且他们采用各种方法侵犯人权.
07:23
most obviously明显 with the direct直接 attacks攻击 on civilians老百姓
177
431087
2963
最明显地是由武装组织
07:26
by the armed武装 groups that carry携带 those out.
178
434050
2239
直接袭击平民
07:28
But that violence暴力 is just the tip小费 of the iceberg冰山.
179
436289
3047
但是这种暴力行为只不过是冰山一角
07:31
These movements运动 as a whole整个 purveypurvey discrimination区别
180
439336
2791
这些行动整体上提供了对于
07:34
against反对 religious宗教 minorities少数民族 and sexual有性 minorities少数民族.
181
442127
3321
宗教少数以及性别少数的歧视
07:37
They seek寻求 to curtail缩短 the freedom自由 of religion宗教
182
445448
2080
他们想要剥夺宗教自由的权利
07:39
of everyone大家 who either practices做法 in a different不同 way
183
447528
2899
对于每一个以不同形式实施的
07:42
or chooses not to practice实践.
184
450427
1964
或者选择不去实施的人
07:44
And most defininglydefiningly, they lead an all-out全力以赴 war战争
185
452391
3424
最典型的是,他们在女性权利上
07:47
on the rights权利 of women妇女.
186
455815
2081
领导一场毫无保留的战争
07:49
Now, faced面对 with these movements运动
187
457896
1796
现在,面对这些运动
07:51
in recent最近 years年份, Western西 discourse演讲
188
459692
1572
在近几年里,西方媒体及民众
07:53
has most often经常 offered提供
189
461264
1635
最常见的两个见解
07:54
two flawed有缺陷 responses回复.
190
462899
2257
都不是正确的。
07:57
The first that one sometimes有时 finds认定 on the right
191
465156
2563
第一个是,站在右翼角度
07:59
suggests提示 that most Muslims穆斯林 are fundamentalist原教旨主义
192
467719
2542
表明大多数穆斯林是原教旨主义
08:02
or something about Islam伊斯兰教 is
inherently本质 fundamentalist原教旨主义,
193
470261
3346
或者关于穆斯林的有些东西
是本身内在的原教旨主义
08:05
and this is just offensive进攻 and wrong错误,
194
473607
3291
这个观点具有攻击性而且是错的
08:08
but unfortunately不幸 on the left
one sometimes有时 encounters遭遇
195
476898
2408
但不幸的是在左翼角度,
一个人可能会碰到一种论述
08:11
a discourse演讲 that is too politically政治上 correct正确
196
479306
2182
这种论述太过于政治上正确
08:13
to acknowledge确认 the problem问题 of
Muslim穆斯林 fundamentalism原教旨主义 at all
197
481488
3802
以至于一点儿也不承认穆斯林原教旨主义的问题
08:17
or, even worse更差, apologizes道歉 for it,
198
485290
2361
或者,更有甚者,为此道歉
08:19
and this is unacceptable不可接受 as well.
199
487651
2548
这也是不能被接受的
08:22
So what I'm seeking is a new way
200
490199
2062
所以我要寻找的是一种新的方法
08:24
of talking about this all together一起,
201
492261
2121
来一起谈论所有这些
08:26
which哪一个 is grounded接地 in the lived生活 experiences经验
202
494382
2728
这种方法来自于实际经验
08:29
and the hope希望 of the people on the front面前 lines线.
203
497110
2949
并且基于前线人民的希望
08:32
I'm painfully痛苦 aware知道的 that there has been
204
500059
1951
我痛苦地意识到
08:34
an increase增加 in discrimination区别
against反对 Muslims穆斯林 in recent最近 years年份
205
502010
3181
近些年对于穆斯林的歧视在增加
08:37
in countries国家 like the U.K. and the U.S.,
206
505191
2471
在像英国或者美国这些国家
08:39
and that too is a matter of grave concern关心,
207
507662
3054
而且这也是一个重大的焦点
08:42
but I firmly牢牢 believe
208
510716
1139
但是我坚信
08:43
that telling告诉 these counter-stereotypical反定型 stories故事
209
511855
2961
讲述这些反抗原教旨主义
08:46
of people of Muslim穆斯林 heritage遗产
210
514816
1326
并且成为主要受害者的
08:48
who have confronted面对 the fundamentalists原教旨主义者
211
516142
2172
穆斯林传统人士的
08:50
and been their primary victims受害者
212
518314
2015
非老一套的故事
08:52
is also a great way of countering反制 that discrimination区别.
213
520329
4577
也是反对这种歧视的一个很棒的方法
08:56
So now let me introduce介绍 you
214
524906
1780
所以现在请让我给大家介绍
08:58
to four people whose谁的 stories故事
215
526686
1656
四个人,他们的故事
09:00
I had the great honor荣誉 of telling告诉.
216
528342
3216
让我怀着莫大的荣幸来讲述
09:03
FaizanFaizan PeerzadaPeerzada and the Rafi拉菲 Peer窥视 Theatre剧院
217
531558
2233
Faizan Peerzada 和以他父亲命名的
09:05
workshop作坊 named命名 for his father父亲
218
533791
2002
Rafi Peer 戏剧讲习班
09:07
have for years年份 promoted提拔 the performing执行 arts艺术
219
535793
2138
多年来一直在巴基斯坦
09:09
in Pakistan巴基斯坦.
220
537931
1732
推广表演艺术
09:11
With the rise上升 of jihadist圣战 violence暴力,
221
539663
1461
随着圣战分子暴力行为的增加
09:13
they began开始 to receive接收 threats威胁
222
541124
1576
他们开始收到电话威胁
09:14
to call off their events事件, which哪一个 they refused拒绝 to heed注意.
223
542700
3250
要求他们取消活动,他们对此不予理睬
09:17
And so a bomber轰炸机 struck来袭 their 2008
224
545950
3270
因此他们在08年第八届拉哈尔世界表演艺术节上
遭到一颗炸弹袭击
09:21
eighth第八 world世界 performing执行 arts艺术 festival in Lahore拉合尔,
225
549220
2884
09:24
producing生产 rain of glass玻璃
226
552104
1688
碎玻璃如雨落下
09:25
that fell下跌 into the venue会场
227
553792
1665
砸在活动场地上
09:27
injuring受伤 nine people,
228
555457
1935
伤到了9个人
09:29
and later后来 that same相同 night,
229
557392
1568
在同一天晚上晚些时候
09:30
the PeerzadasPeerzadas made制作 a very difficult decision决定:
230
558960
2751
Peerzadas 做出了一项十分艰难的决定
09:33
they announced公布 that their festival
231
561711
1869
他们宣布
09:35
would continue继续 as planned计划 the next下一个 day.
232
563580
3407
艺术节将在原计划的第二天继续举行
09:38
As FaizanFaizan said at the time,
233
566987
1451
正如 Faizan 那时所说的
09:40
if we bow down to the Islamists伊斯兰教徒,
234
568438
1942
如果我们向伊斯兰教徒鞠躬哈腰
09:42
we'll just be sitting坐在 in a dark黑暗 corner.
235
570380
3111
那我们将不见天日
09:45
But they didn't know what would happen发生.
236
573491
1658
但是他们不知道将会发生什么
09:47
Would anyone任何人 come?
237
575149
2437
还会有人出现么?
09:49
In fact事实, thousands数千 of people came来了 out the next下一个 day
238
577586
2889
而实际上,
成千上万的人在随后一天出现在活动上
09:52
to support支持 the performing执行 arts艺术 in Lahore拉合尔,
239
580475
2402
来支持拉哈尔表演艺术
09:54
and this simultaneously同时 thrilled高兴
240
582877
1845
而这同时振奋
09:56
and terrified FaizanFaizan,
241
584722
1822
并吓到了Faizan
09:58
and he ran up to a woman女人
242
586544
1453
他径直跑向一名
09:59
who had come in with her two small children孩子,
243
587997
2217
带着自己两个孩子一同前往艺术节的妇女
10:02
and he said, "You do know there
was a bomb炸弹 here yesterday昨天,
244
590214
3194
他说:你是知道昨天这里有炸弹袭击
10:05
and you do know there's a threat威胁 here today今天."
245
593408
2327
你也知道这里今天这里会遭到威胁,对吧
10:07
And she said, "I know that,
246
595735
1883
然后她说:我知道
10:09
but I came来了 to your festival
247
597618
1564
但是我曾在小时候
10:11
with my mother母亲 when I was their age年龄,
248
599182
2430
和我母亲来到过你的艺术节
10:13
and I still have those images图片 in my mind心神.
249
601612
3048
我现在依然还存留着那些记忆
10:16
We have to be here."
250
604660
2138
我们必须过来
10:18
With stalwart伟岸 audiences观众 like this,
251
606798
1857
有着像这样坚定的观众
10:20
the PeerzadasPeerzadas were able能够 to conclude得出结论
252
608655
1654
使得 Peerzadas 家族能够
10:22
their festival on schedule时间表.
253
610309
2460
如期为他们的艺术节画上句号
10:24
And then the next下一个 year,
254
612769
1237
然后在之后的一年
10:26
they lost丢失 all of their sponsors赞助商
255
614006
1883
他们失去了所有的赞助者
10:27
due应有 to the security安全 risk风险.
256
615889
2369
由于安全风险
10:30
So when I met会见 them in 2010,
257
618258
2300
所以当我2010年见到他们时
10:32
they were in the middle中间 of the first subsequent随后 event事件
258
620558
2286
他们正在准备一个后续活动
10:34
that they were able能够 to have in the same相同 venue会场,
259
622844
3066
这个活动将在同一地点举行
10:37
and this was the ninth第九 youth青年 performing执行 arts艺术 festival
260
625910
3264
即第九届青少年表演艺术节
10:41
held保持 in Lahore拉合尔 in a year when that city
261
629174
2975
它在拉哈尔举办
10:44
had already已经 experienced有经验的 44 terror恐怖 attacks攻击.
262
632149
4070
那一年这个城市
已经遭受了44次恐怖袭击
10:48
This was a time when the Pakistani巴基斯坦 Taliban塔利班
263
636219
2103
那时正值巴基斯坦塔利班开始
10:50
had commenced开始 their systematic系统的 targeting针对
264
638322
1817
将女子学校作为系统目标
10:52
of girls'女孩 schools学校 that would culminate高潮
265
640139
2208
这将在对马拉拉的袭击中
10:54
in the attack攻击 on Malala马拉拉 YousafzaiYousafzai.
266
642347
2759
达到高潮
10:57
What did the PeerzadasPeerzadas do in that environment环境?
267
645106
4395
那Peerzadas家族在那种环境下
做了什么呢?
11:01
They staged上演 girls'女孩 school学校 theater剧院.
268
649501
3173
他们筹划了女子学校的演出
11:04
So I had the privilege特权 of watching观看 "NaangNaang Wal沃尔玛,"
269
652674
2812
我获得了观看”Naang Wal"的特权
11:07
which哪一个 was a musical音乐 in the Punjabi旁遮普 language语言,
270
655486
2632
这是一部旁遮普语的音乐剧
11:10
and the girls女孩 of Lahore拉合尔 Grammar语法 School学校
271
658118
1762
来自拉哈尔语法学校的女孩们
11:11
played发挥 all the parts部分.
272
659880
1726
出演了整部音乐剧
11:13
They sang and danced跳舞,
273
661606
1234
她们又唱又跳
11:14
they played发挥 the mice老鼠 and the water buffalo水牛,
274
662840
2658
他们扮演老鼠和水牛
11:17
and I held保持 my breath呼吸, wondering想知道,
275
665498
2464
我屏息凝神,心里想着
11:19
would we get to the end结束
276
667962
1267
我们是否
11:21
of this amazing惊人 show显示?
277
669229
2286
会看完这部精彩演出?
11:23
And when we did, the whole整个 audience听众
278
671515
2556
当我们看完的时候
11:26
collectively exhaled呼出,
279
674071
1738
所有观众集体松了一口气
11:27
and a few少数 people actually其实 wept哭泣,
280
675809
2264
有些人其实都在哭泣
11:30
and then they filled填充 the auditorium礼堂
281
678073
2523
之后他们平静的隆隆掌声
11:32
with the peaceful平静的 boom繁荣 of their applause掌声.
282
680596
2839
响彻整个礼堂
11:35
And I remember记得 thinking思维 in that moment时刻
283
683435
2987
我记得在那一刻,我在想
11:38
that the bombers轰炸机 made制作 headlines新闻头条 here
284
686422
2431
两年前
11:40
two years年份 before
285
688853
1663
投弹者在这里制造了头条新闻
11:42
but this night and these people
286
690516
2364
而今夜,这些人们
11:44
are as important重要 a story故事.
287
692880
3291
和一个故事一样重要
11:50
Maria玛丽亚 Bashir巴希尔 is the first and only
288
698488
2480
Maria Bashir 是第一位也是唯一一位
11:52
woman女人 chief首席 prosecutor原告 in Afghanistan阿富汗.
289
700968
3124
阿富汗女性首席检察官
11:56
She's been in the post岗位 since以来 2008
290
704092
2214
她从2008开始就担任此职
11:58
and actually其实 opened打开 an office办公室 to investigate调查
291
706306
2186
并且建立了一个办公室
12:00
cases of violence暴力 against反对 women妇女,
292
708492
1826
调查针对女性的暴力犯罪
12:02
which哪一个 she says is the most important重要 area
293
710318
2258
她自己说这是她任期内
12:04
in her mandate要求.
294
712576
1734
最重要的事情
12:06
When I meet遇到 her in her office办公室 in Herat赫拉特,
295
714310
3065
当我去她在 Herat 的办公室见她,
12:09
she enters进入 surrounded包围 by
296
717375
1745
她被四个保镖保护着
12:11
four large men男人 with four huge巨大 guns枪炮.
297
719120
3366
保镖都全副武装。
12:14
In fact事实, she now has 23 bodyguards保镖,
298
722486
2964
事实上,她有23名保镖,
12:17
because she has weathered风化 bomb炸弹 attacks攻击
299
725450
1420
因为她已经经历过一次炸弹袭击
12:18
that nearly几乎 killed杀害 her kids孩子,
300
726870
1678
她的孩子险些丧命,
12:20
and it took the leg off of one of her guards卫士.
301
728548
3351
一名保镖的腿被炸飞了。
12:23
Why does she continue继续?
302
731899
2110
为何她要坚持下去?
12:26
She says with a smile微笑 that that is the question
303
734009
2654
她微笑着说,这个问题其实
12:28
that everyone大家 asks
304
736663
2047
每个人都问过
12:30
as she puts看跌期权 it, "Why you risk风险 not living活的?"
305
738710
3825
就象她说的那样,
“你为什么要冒生命危险?”
12:34
And it is simply只是 that for her,
306
742535
1639
对于她而言这个答案很简单,
12:36
a better future未来 for all the Maria玛丽亚 BashirsBashirs to come
307
744174
3469
为了跟她一样的女性能够有一个更好的未来,
12:39
is worth价值 the risk风险,
308
747643
1484
这个风险冒得值得
12:41
and she knows知道 that if people like her
309
749127
1710
而且她知道,如果她这样的人
12:42
do not take the risk风险,
310
750837
1915
不去担起这份风险,
12:44
there will be no better future未来.
311
752752
2297
未来一定不会比现在更好。
12:47
Later后来 on in our interview访问,
312
755049
1727
在我们采访的后期,
12:48
Prosecutor原告 Bashir巴希尔 tells告诉 me how worried担心 she is
313
756776
2363
Bashir 检察官跟我说
12:51
about the possible可能 outcome结果
314
759139
1519
她现在很担心
12:52
of government政府 negotiations谈判 with the Taliban塔利班,
315
760658
2499
政府在跟塔利班谈判,
12:55
the people who have been trying to kill her.
316
763157
2394
后者一直想要暗杀她。
12:57
"If we give them a place地点 in the government政府,"
317
765551
1752
“如果塔利班在政府中占了一席之地,”
12:59
she asks, "Who will protect保护 women's女士的 rights权利?"
318
767303
3217
她问道,“谁来保护妇女的权利?”
13:02
And she urges冲动 the international国际 community社区
319
770520
2366
而且她敦促国际社会
13:04
not to forget忘记 its promise诺言 about women妇女
320
772886
2632
不要因为想要跟塔利班和谈
13:07
because now they want peace和平 with Taliban塔利班.
321
775518
3827
就忘记了保障妇女权利的承诺
13:11
A few少数 weeks after I leave离开 Afghanistan阿富汗,
322
779345
2205
在我离开阿富汗的几周后,
13:13
I see a headline标题 on the Internet互联网.
323
781550
2875
我在网上看到一条突发消息。
13:16
An Afghan阿富汗 prosecutor原告 has been assassinated暗杀.
324
784425
3605
一名阿富汗检察官被暗杀了。
13:20
I google谷歌 desperately拼命,
325
788030
2136
我发疯的在网上搜索,
13:22
and thankfully感激地 that day I find out
326
790166
1674
谢天谢地我最终发现
13:23
that Maria玛丽亚 was not the victim受害者,
327
791840
2086
遇害的不是 Maria,
13:25
though虽然 sadly可悲的是, another另一个 Afghan阿富汗 prosecutor原告
328
793926
2223
虽然很悲痛的,另一位检察官
13:28
was gunned枪杀 down on his way to work.
329
796149
2031
倒在了他上班的路上。
13:30
And when I hear headlines新闻头条 like that now,
330
798180
2995
现在当我听到类似这样的新闻,
13:33
I think that as international国际 troops军队
331
801175
2298
我会想到从今年开始,
13:35
leave离开 Afghanistan阿富汗 this year and beyond,
332
803473
3048
多国部队会陆续撤出阿富汗,
13:38
we must必须 continue继续 to care关心
333
806521
1906
我们必须继续关心
13:40
about what happens发生 to people there,
334
808427
1433
阿富汗人民的安全,
13:41
to all of the Maria玛丽亚 BashirsBashirs.
335
809860
3026
继续关心所有像 Maria Bashirs 这样的人安全。
13:44
Sometimes有时 I still hear her voice语音 in my head
336
812886
2613
有时候我会回想起她的话
13:47
saying, with no bravado虚张声势 whatsoever任何,
337
815499
3081
平淡朴实的话,
13:50
"The situation情况 of the women妇女 of Afghanistan阿富汗
338
818580
2605
“阿富汗妇女的生存环境”
13:53
will be better someday日后.
339
821185
1906
“终有一天会好起来。”
13:55
We should prepare准备 the ground地面 for this,
340
823091
2235
“我们要为这一天的到来努力,”
13:57
even if we are killed杀害."
341
825326
2943
“即使我们可能会被杀掉。”
14:01
There are no words adequate充足
342
829854
1648
我找不到合适的词汇
14:03
to denounce声讨 the al Shabaab青年党 terrorists恐怖分子
343
831502
1976
来谴责伊斯兰青年军恐怖组织
14:05
who attacked袭击 the Westgate梅龙镇 Mall购物中心 in Nairobi内罗毕
344
833478
2262
他们在2013年9月袭击了肯尼亚首都
14:07
on the same相同 day as a children's儿童 cooking烹饪 competition竞争
345
835740
3462
内罗比的西门购物中心,那天那里正在举行
14:11
in September九月 of 2013.
346
839202
2418
儿童厨艺比赛
14:13
They killed杀害 67, including包含 poets诗人 and pregnant women妇女.
347
841620
4499
67人被杀,包括诗人和孕妇。
14:18
Far away in the American美国 Midwest中西部,
348
846119
2099
在千里之外的美国中西部,
14:20
I had the good fortune幸运 of meeting会议 Somali-Americans索马里裔美国人
349
848218
2347
我很幸运地见到了一些索马里裔美国人
14:22
who were working加工 to counter计数器
the efforts努力 of al Shabaab青年党
350
850565
2848
他们当时正在努力阻止伊斯兰青年军
14:25
to recruit a small number of young年轻 people
351
853413
2224
从他们所在的明尼阿波里斯市
14:27
from their city of Minneapolis明尼阿波利斯
352
855637
1944
招募一些年轻人
14:29
to take part部分 in atrocities暴行 like Westgate梅龙镇.
353
857581
3698
参与到类似四门购物中心的惨剧。
14:33
AbdirizakAbdirizak Bihi'sBihi的 studious好学
354
861279
1960
Abdirizak Bihi 的侄子
14:35
17-year-old-岁 nephew外甥 Burhan布尔汗 Hassan哈桑
355
863239
2889
17岁勤奋刻苦的 Burhan Hassan
14:38
was recruited应征 here in 2008,
356
866128
2648
2008年的时候被招募,
14:40
spirited烈性 to Somalia索马里,
357
868776
1760
被带到索马里,
14:42
and then killed杀害 when he tried试着 to come home.
358
870536
3370
在他尝试逃回家的时候被杀。
14:45
Since以来 that time, Mr先生. BihiBihi,
359
873906
1594
从那时起, Bihi先生
14:47
who directs指导 the no-budget没有预算 Somali索马里
Education教育 and Advocacy拥护 Center中央,
360
875500
4253
当时正在管理着没有预算的索马里教育和促进中心,
14:51
has been vocally畅所欲言 denouncing谴责 the recruitment招聘
361
879753
2451
开始公开地谴责这种招募行径
14:54
and the failures故障 of government政府
362
882204
1856
斥责政府的无能
14:56
and Somali-American索马里裔 institutions机构
363
884060
2219
斥责在美国的索马里机构
14:58
like the Abubakar阿布巴卡尔 As-SaddiqueAS-Saddique Islamic清真 Center中央
364
886279
3025
例如 Abubakar As-Saddique 伊斯兰中心,
15:01
where he believes相信 his nephew外甥 was radicalized激进
365
889304
2231
他相信他的侄子就是在这个中心的
15:03
during a youth青年 program程序.
366
891535
2106
青年计划中被洗脑的。
15:05
But he doesn't just criticize批评 the mosque清真寺.
367
893641
2153
但是他不仅仅谴责了宗教组织。
15:07
He also takes on the government政府
368
895794
1579
他还把矛头指向了政府,
15:09
for its failure失败 to do more
369
897373
1785
因为他们没有能够
15:11
to prevent避免 poverty贫穷 in his community社区.
370
899158
2498
带领他所在的社区脱贫。
15:13
Given特定 his own拥有 lack缺乏 of financial金融 resources资源,
371
901656
2289
因为 Bihi 先生自己也是超穷的,
15:15
Mr先生. BihiBihi has had to be creative创作的.
372
903945
2311
他必须拿出点新的想法来。
15:18
To counter计数器 the efforts努力 of al Shabaab青年党
373
906256
1894
为了阻止伊斯兰青年军
15:20
to sway摇摆 more disaffected抱不平的 youth青年,
374
908150
2385
招募更多的愤怒的青年,
15:22
in the wake唤醒 of the group's集团 2010 attack攻击
375
910535
2435
在该组织2010年袭击了
15:24
on World世界 Cup杯子 viewers观众 in Uganda乌干达,
376
912970
2594
乌干达的世界杯观众之后,
15:27
he organized有组织的 a Ramadan斋月 basketball篮球 tournament比赛
377
915564
3340
他迅速地在明尼阿波里斯市组织了一场
15:30
in Minneapolis明尼阿波利斯 in response响应.
378
918904
2532
斋月篮球锦标赛作为回应。
15:33
Scores比分 of Somali-American索马里裔 kids孩子 came来了 out
379
921436
2684
许多索马里裔美国小孩
15:36
to embrace拥抱 sport运动
380
924120
1388
不顾宗教禁忌
15:37
despite尽管 the fatwa追杀令 against反对 it.
381
925508
2492
加入到这场体育中来。
15:40
They played发挥 basketball篮球
382
928000
1745
他们在玩的篮球
15:41
as Burhan布尔汗 Hassan哈桑 never would again.
383
929745
3867
是 Burhan Hassan 再也无法触及的。
15:45
For his efforts努力, Mr先生. BihiBihi has been ostracized排斥
384
933612
2650
因为他的这些行为,他被
15:48
by the leadership领导 of the Abubakar阿布巴卡尔
As-SaddiqueAS-Saddique Islamic清真 Center中央,
385
936262
3072
Abubakar As-Saddique 伊斯兰中心的领袖斥责,
15:51
with which哪一个 he used to have good relations关系.
386
939334
2565
他们曾经保持着良好的关系。
15:53
He told me, "One day we saw the imam阿訇 on TV电视
387
941899
2386
他告诉我,“有一天我们在电视上看到伊玛目,
(译注,清真寺内率众作礼拜的领袖)
15:56
calling调用 us infidels异教徒 and saying,
388
944285
2058
称我们是异教徒,并且说,
15:58
'These families家庭 are trying to destroy破坏 the mosque清真寺.'"
389
946343
3569
‘这些家庭想要毁掉穆斯林。’”
16:01
This is at complete完成 odds可能性
390
949912
1411
对于 Abdirizak Bihi 来说,
16:03
with how AbdirizakAbdirizak BihiBihi understands理解
391
951323
2533
这些话彻头彻尾的无法理解
16:05
what he is trying to do
392
953856
1800
因为他正在做的
16:07
by exposing曝光 al Shabaab青年党 recruitment招聘,
393
955656
2406
是将伊斯兰青年党的招募计划暴露出来,
16:10
which哪一个 is to save保存 the religion宗教 I love
394
958062
2422
为的是能够阻止一小撮极端分子
16:12
from a small number of extremists极端分子.
395
960484
3126
破坏我所热爱的宗教。
16:16
Now I want to tell one last story故事,
396
964938
2561
现在我想跟你们说最后一个故事,
16:19
that of a 22-year-old-岁 law student学生 in Algeria阿尔及利亚
397
967499
3014
一个阿尔及利亚的22岁法学院学生
16:22
named命名 Amel阿梅尔 Zenoune-ZouaniZenoune-Zouani
398
970513
1946
名叫 Amel Zenoune-Zouani
16:24
who had the same相同 dreams of a legal法律 career事业
399
972459
1879
她有着跟90年代的我
16:26
that I did back in the '90s.
400
974338
2702
一样的律师梦。
16:29
She refused拒绝 to give up her studies学习,
401
977040
1929
她没有放弃学业,
16:30
despite尽管 the fact事实 that the fundamentalists原教旨主义者
402
978969
1969
虽然原教义主义者
16:32
battling作战 the Algerian阿尔及利亚人 state back then
403
980938
2530
已经占领了阿尔及利亚首都
16:35
threatened受威胁 all who continued继续 their education教育.
404
983468
3622
威胁着所有坚持学业的人的安全。
16:39
On January一月 26, 1997, Amel阿梅尔 boarded登上 the bus总线
405
987090
4110
1997年1月26日,
在首都阿尔及尔求学的 Amel
16:43
in Algiers阿尔及尔 where she was studying研究
406
991200
1922
坐上了一辆回家的公交车
16:45
to go home and spend a Ramadan斋月 evening晚间
407
993122
2183
与家人一起
16:47
with her family家庭,
408
995305
1689
过斋月,
16:48
and would never finish law school学校.
409
996994
2386
从此再也没有能够完成学业。
16:51
When the bus总线 reached到达 the outskirts郊区
410
999380
1460
当公交车到了郊外
16:52
of her hometown家乡, it was stopped停止
411
1000840
1775
靠近她家的地方,
16:54
at a checkpoint检查站 manned载人 by men男人
412
1002615
2142
被伊斯兰武装人员设立的检查站
16:56
from the Armed武装 Islamic清真 Group.
413
1004757
2294
拦截了下来。
16:59
Carrying携带 her schoolbag书包,
414
1007051
1729
因为带着书包,
17:00
Amel阿梅尔 was taken采取 off the bus总线
415
1008780
1986
Amel 被从车上拽了下来
17:02
and killed杀害 in the street.
416
1010766
2589
当街被杀死。
17:05
The men男人 who cut her throat
417
1013355
1136
割断她喉咙的那个人
17:06
then told everyone大家 else其他,
418
1014491
1850
告诉其他的乘客,
17:08
"If you go to university大学,
419
1016341
1894
“如果你们再去大学,
17:10
the day will come when we will kill all of you
420
1018235
2554
总有一天我们会杀掉你们,
17:12
just like this."
421
1020789
3231
就像她一样。”
17:16
Amel阿梅尔 died死亡 at exactly究竟 5:17 p.m.,
422
1024020
2700
Amel 死于下午5点17分,
17:18
which哪一个 we know because when she fell下跌 in the street,
423
1026720
2848
我们之所以知道,是因为当她摔倒在街上的时候
17:21
her watch broke打破.
424
1029568
1777
她的手表碎了。
17:23
Her mother母亲 showed显示 me the watch
425
1031345
1229
她的妈妈给我看了这块手表
17:24
with the second第二 hand still aimed针对
426
1032574
2001
手表的秒表依然是
17:26
optimistically乐观地 upward向上
427
1034575
1496
乐观的指着上方
17:28
towards a 5:18 that would never come.
428
1036071
3436
指向不会到来的5点18分。
17:31
Shortly不久 before her death死亡,
429
1039507
1149
就在她死前几天,
17:32
Amel阿梅尔 had said to her mother母亲 of herself她自己
430
1040656
1855
Amel 还在跟她的妈妈
17:34
and her sisters姐妹,
431
1042511
1887
和她的姐姐说,
17:36
"Nothing will happen发生 to us, InshallahInshallah, God willing愿意,
432
1044398
3617
“一切都会好起来的,印沙安拉,真主保佑
(译注:印沙安拉是穆斯林用语,意为“如果安拉允许的话”或“如蒙天佑”)
17:40
but if something happens发生,
433
1048015
1870
但是如果真有不测
17:41
you must必须 know that we are dead for knowledge知识.
434
1049885
2883
我们要记住,我们是为求知而死。
17:44
You and father父亲 must必须 keep your heads held保持 high."
435
1052768
4210
你们,还有父亲,要骄傲的活下去。
17:48
The loss失利 of such这样 a young年轻 woman女人 is unfathomable叵测,
436
1056978
3982
这位年轻女性的死,影响是十分深远的,
17:52
and so as I did my research研究
437
1060960
1555
当我从事我的研究时
17:54
I found发现 myself searching搜索 for Amel's阿梅尔的 hope希望 again
438
1062515
3254
我发现自己在寻找的,正是Amel的希望,
17:57
and her name名称 even means手段 "hope希望" in Arabic阿拉伯.
439
1065769
2937
而她的名字(Amel)在阿拉伯语中就是“希望”的代名词。
18:00
I think I found发现 it in two places地方.
440
1068706
3251
我想我在两个地方发现了她的存在。
18:03
The first is in the strength强度 of her family家庭
441
1071957
2295
首先来自于她的家庭所具备的勇气,
18:06
and all the other families家庭 to
continue继续 telling告诉 their stories故事
442
1074252
3266
以及所有在这种环境下坚持表达自己观点
18:09
and to go on with their lives生活 despite尽管 the terrorism恐怖主义.
443
1077518
3065
即使有恐怖主义威胁也要坚持自己生活的家庭。
18:12
In fact事实, Amel's阿梅尔的 sister妹妹 Lamia拉米亚 overcame克服了 her grief哀思,
444
1080583
3282
事实上 Amel 的妹妹 Lamia 从悲痛中走了出来,
18:15
went to law school学校,
445
1083865
1371
也去读了法学院,
18:17
and practices做法 as a lawyer律师 in Algiers阿尔及尔 today今天,
446
1085236
2754
而且现在成为阿尔及尔的一名律师,
18:19
something which哪一个 is only possible可能
447
1087990
1601
这样的事情发生,
18:21
because the armed武装 fundamentalists原教旨主义者
448
1089591
1189
是因为原教义武装力量
18:22
were largely大部分 defeated打败 in the country国家.
449
1090780
2878
在全国范围内被击退了。
18:25
And the second第二 place地点 I found发现 Amel's阿梅尔的 hope希望
450
1093658
2847
第二个我发现Amel的希望存在的地方
18:28
was everywhere到处 that women妇女 and men男人
451
1096505
2472
是那些在各地继续抵抗吉哈德的
18:30
continue继续 to defy违抗 the jihadis圣战者.
452
1098977
2695
男人和女人们。
18:33
We must必须 support支持 all of those in honor荣誉 of Amel阿梅尔
453
1101672
3258
我们必须要支持这些以实际行动
18:36
who continue继续 this human人的 rights权利 struggle斗争 today今天,
454
1104930
2633
向Amel致敬的人权斗士们
18:39
like the Network网络 of Women妇女
Living活的 Under Muslim穆斯林 Laws法律.
455
1107563
3997
像是“穆斯林法制下的妇女联盟”这样的团体
18:43
It is not enough足够, as the victims受害者 rights权利 advocate主张
456
1111560
2627
这些还不够,正如 Cherifa Kheddar,
18:46
CherifaCherifa KheddarKheddar told me in Algiers阿尔及尔,
457
1114187
1887
关注阿尔及尔受害者权益促进的人告诉我的那样,
18:48
it is not enough足够 just to battle战斗 terrorism恐怖主义.
458
1116074
3065
打击恐怖主义远远不够。
18:51
We must必须 also challenge挑战 fundamentalism原教旨主义,
459
1119139
2544
我们必须挑战原教义主义,
18:53
because fundamentalism原教旨主义 is the ideology思想
460
1121683
2437
因为原教义主义的信条
18:56
that makes品牌 the bed of this terrorism恐怖主义.
461
1124120
2591
是恐怖主义的温床。
18:58
Why is it that people like her, like all of them
462
1126711
3439
为什么向她这样的人,以上这些人,
19:02
are not more well known已知?
463
1130150
1694
都很少有人知晓?
19:03
Why is it that everyone大家 knows知道
who Osama乌萨马 bin箱子 Laden拉登 was
464
1131844
3277
为什么每个人都知道奥萨马·本·拉登是谁
19:07
and so few少数 know of all of those
465
1135121
1933
却很少有人知道这些人
19:09
standing常设 up to the bin箱子 Ladens拉丹 in their own拥有 contexts上下文.
466
1137054
3693
这些在他们自己的生活中抵抗本·拉登的人。
19:12
We must必须 change更改 that, and so I ask you
467
1140747
2657
我们必须改变,所以我请求你
19:15
to please help share分享 these stories故事
468
1143404
1768
通过你的朋友圈,你的网络
19:17
through通过 your networks网络.
469
1145172
1773
分享这些故事。
19:18
Look again at Amel阿梅尔 Zenoune'sZenoune的 watch,
470
1146945
2099
再看一眼 Amel Zenoune 的手表,
19:21
forever永远 frozen冻结的,
471
1149044
1660
永远的停在那里,
19:22
and now please look at your own拥有 watch
472
1150704
2362
现在请看看你自己的手表
19:25
and decide决定 this is the moment时刻 that you commit承诺
473
1153066
3024
此刻,请你拿出自己的付出
19:28
to supporting支持 people like Amel阿梅尔.
474
1156090
1908
帮助Amel这样的人。
19:29
We don't have the right to be silent无声 about them
475
1157998
2381
我们并没有权利保持沉默,
19:32
because it is easier更轻松
476
1160379
1498
尽管这样会更轻松,
19:33
or because Western西 policy政策 is flawed有缺陷 as well,
477
1161877
2861
也不能因为西方世界的政策也同样存在问题(而沉默),
19:36
because 5:17 is still coming未来
478
1164738
2336
因为5点17分这个时刻还会到来
19:39
to too many许多 Amel阿梅尔 ZenounesZenounes
479
1167074
1867
在尼日利亚北部这样的地区
19:40
in places地方 like northern北方 Nigeria尼日利亚,
480
1168941
1970
还有太多的 Amel Zenounes,
19:42
where jihadis圣战者 still kill students学生们.
481
1170911
2576
在被吉哈德杀死。
19:45
The time to speak说话 up in support支持 of all of those
482
1173487
3081
发出呐喊,支持和帮助那些
19:48
who peacefully安然 challenge挑战 fundamentalism原教旨主义
483
1176568
2308
以和平手段与原教义主义者和恐怖主义
19:50
and terrorism恐怖主义 in their own拥有 communities社区
484
1178876
2964
在自己家园进行抗争的人的时机
19:53
is now.
485
1181840
1536
就是现在。
19:55
Thank you.
486
1183376
2283
谢谢大家。
19:57
(Applause掌声)
487
1185659
2506
(掌声)
Translated by Psycho Decoder
Reviewed by Yixian Wang

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Karima Bennoune - Professor of international law
Karima Bennoune's new book introduces the world to people who speak out against fundamentalist terrorism.

Why you should listen

Karima Bennoune is a professor of international law at the University of California–Davis School of Law. She grew up in Algeria and the United States and now lives in northern California.

She has published widely in many leading academic journals, as well as in the Guardian, The New York Times, Comment is Free, the website of Al Jazeera English, The Nation. The topic of her most recent publication ‘Your Fatwa Does Not Apply Here’ is a very personal one for her. Her father Mahfoud Bennoune was an outspoken professor at the University of Algiers, and faced death threats during the 1990s, but continued speaking out against fundamentalism and terrorism. In writing this book, Karima set out to meet people who are today doing what her father did back then, to try to garner for them greater international support than Algerian democrats received during the 1990s.

She has served as a member of the Executive Council of the American Society of International Law and on the board of directors of Amnesty International USA. Currently, she sits on the Board of the Network of Women Living Under Muslim Laws. She has also been a consultant on human rights issues for the International Council on Human Rights Policy, the Soros Foundation, the Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers, and for the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Her human rights field missions have included Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Fiji, Lebanon, Pakistan, South Korea, southern Thailand, and Tunisia.

She traveled to Algeria in February 2011 to serve as an observer at pro-democracy protests with the support of the Urgent Action Fund for Women’s Human Rights, writing a series of articles about these events for the Guardian. In October 2011, she volunteered as an election observer during the Tunisian constituent assembly elections with Gender Concerns International.

More profile about the speaker
Karima Bennoune | Speaker | TED.com