TEDxUF
Mac Stone: Stunning photos of the endangered Everglades
麦克·斯通: 濒危大沼泽地的绝美照片
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,268,200 views
几个世纪以来，人们都把沼泽和湿地视作应该避开的障碍。但对于麦克·斯通——这位记录了佛罗里达州大沼泽地里野生动物故事的摄影师来说，沼泽并不是障碍物——它是国家的宝藏。通过他令人惊叹的照片，斯通将一束光投向了这片被忽视的、古老而重要的荒野。他号召：走出门去亲身体验吧。“去做吧——把你的脚伸入水中。”他说，“沼泽会改变你，我保证。”
Mac Stone - Photographer
Florida-based photographer Mac Stone specializes in documenting the Everglades, an area he prizes for its wildlife and flora. Full bio
Florida-based photographer Mac Stone specializes in documenting the Everglades, an area he prizes for its wildlife and flora. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So I've had the great privilege
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我曾有幸游览过
00:14
of traveling to some incredible places,
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一些非常不可思议的地方，
00:17
photographing these distant landscapes
and remote cultures
and remote cultures
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为世界上那些遥远大陆的风光和文化拍摄照片。
00:21
all over the world.
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00:22
I love my job.
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我爱我的工作。
00:24
But people think it's
this string of epiphanies
this string of epiphanies
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大家可能以为我的工作
应该伴随着一连串的顿悟、
应该伴随着一连串的顿悟、
00:26
and sunrises and rainbows,
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日出和彩虹，
00:29
when in reality, it looks
more something like this.
more something like this.
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可是在现实中，
它往往是这样的。
它往往是这样的。
00:32
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:33
This is my office.
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这就是我的办公室。
我们无法得到最理想的过夜之所，
00:35
We can't afford the fanciest places
to stay at night,
to stay at night,
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00:38
so we tend to sleep a lot outdoors.
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所以我们常常…露宿野外。
我们只要能保持干燥，
00:41
As long as we can stay dry,
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00:42
that's a bonus.
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就已经是一种福利了。
00:44
We also can't afford
the fanciest restaurants.
the fanciest restaurants.
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我们也不能去最理想的餐馆用餐，
00:46
So we tend to eat
whatever's on the local menu.
whatever's on the local menu.
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所以我们要入乡随俗地吃当地食物。
如果你去到厄瓜多尔的 Páramo，
00:50
And if you're in the Ecuadorian Páramo,
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00:53
you're going to eat
a large rodent called a cuy.
a large rodent called a cuy.
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你将能吃到一种超大的天竺鼠。
00:55
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:57
But what makes our experiences
perhaps a little bit different
perhaps a little bit different
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但是真正让我们的经历与众不同的，
就是在我们脑海深处
总是会有一种声音，
总是会有一种声音，
01:01
and a little more unique
than that of the average person
than that of the average person
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01:03
is that we have this gnawing thing
in the back of our mind
in the back of our mind
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01:07
that even in our darkest moments,
and those times of despair,
and those times of despair,
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即便在我们最黑暗的时刻，
在那些绝望的瞬间 ，
在那些绝望的瞬间 ，
01:11
we think, "Hey, there might be
an image to be made here,
an image to be made here,
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我们还是会想到：
“嘿，我们该为这里拍张照片，
“嘿，我们该为这里拍张照片，
01:15
there might be a story to be told."
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这里的故事应该让更多人知道。 ”
为什么讲故事如此重要？
01:18
And why is storytelling important?
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01:20
Well, it helps us to connect with our
cultural and our natural heritage.
cultural and our natural heritage.
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因为，它是自然遗产
与我们的文化之间连接的纽带。
与我们的文化之间连接的纽带。
01:25
And in the Southeast,
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在美国东南部，
01:26
there's an alarming disconnect
between the public
between the public
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敲响了公众与自然区域之间
彼此失联的警钟。
彼此失联的警钟。
01:29
and the natural areas that allow
us to be here in the first place.
us to be here in the first place.
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而这片自然区域
恰恰是我们生存的最初条件。
恰恰是我们生存的最初条件。
我们是视觉生物，
01:33
We're visual creatures,
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01:35
so we use what we see
to teach us what we know.
to teach us what we know.
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所以我们用自己看到的
去教授我们所知道的。
去教授我们所知道的。
现在我们中的大多数人
01:39
Now the majority of us
aren't going to willingly go
aren't going to willingly go
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都非常不愿意踏入一片沼泽。
对吧？
对吧？
01:42
way down to a swamp.
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01:44
So how can we still expect
those same people to then advocate
those same people to then advocate
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所以我们要如何继续期待
这些人会成为
这些人会成为
01:48
on behalf of their protection?
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提倡保护湿地的表率呢？
我们做不到。
01:50
We can't.
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01:51
So my job, then, is to use photography
as a communication tool,
as a communication tool,
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所以我的工作就是，
用摄影作为传达工具，
用摄影作为传达工具，
01:55
to help bridge the gap
between the science and the aesthetics,
between the science and the aesthetics,
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在科学与美学之间
搭起一座桥梁。
搭起一座桥梁。
01:59
to get people talking,
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让人们讨论，
02:01
to get them thinking,
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让人们思考，
02:02
and to hopefully, ultimately,
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然后最终希望，
02:04
get them caring.
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让他们关心。
02:06
I started doing this 15 years ago
right here in Gainesville,
right here in Gainesville,
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15年前，我就从这里起步，
从Gainesville，
从Gainesville，
02:09
right here in my backyard.
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就从我的后院开始。
02:11
And I fell in love
with adventure and discovery,
with adventure and discovery,
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我爱上了冒险、发现
02:14
going to explore
all these different places
all these different places
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以及去探索所有的那些
与众不同之处，
与众不同之处，
02:16
that were just minutes
from my front doorstep.
from my front doorstep.
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哪怕它们离我家只有几分钟的路程。
02:18
There are a lot
of beautiful places to find.
of beautiful places to find.
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我发现，
可以找到那么多美丽的地方。
可以找到那么多美丽的地方。
即便这么多年过去，
02:21
Despite all these years that have passed,
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02:24
I still see the world
through the eyes of a child
through the eyes of a child
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我依然用孩童的目光
去看待这个世界，
去看待这个世界，
02:26
and I try to incorporate
that sense of wonderment
that sense of wonderment
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并且我每次都尽力
将我的惊叹、
将我的惊叹、
02:29
and that sense of curiosity
into my photography
into my photography
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我的好奇
融入到我的摄影里。
02:34
as often as I can.
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02:37
And we're pretty lucky
because here in the South,
because here in the South,
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而且我们非常幸运
因为在南部，
因为在南部，
02:39
we're still blessed
with a relatively blank canvas
with a relatively blank canvas
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我们何其有幸地拥有
这么一块空白的画布，
这么一块空白的画布，
02:42
that we can fill with the most
fanciful adventures
fanciful adventures
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我们可以在上面填满
最富有想象力的冒险
最富有想象力的冒险
02:45
and incredible experiences.
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和难以置信的体验。
02:48
It's just a matter of how far
our imagination will take us.
our imagination will take us.
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想象力有多远，我们就走多远。
很多人看着这张照片说道：
02:52
See, a lot of people
look at this and they say,
look at this and they say,
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“噢！对！哇哦！这棵树真漂亮。”
02:54
"Oh yeah, wow, that's a pretty tree."
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02:56
But I don't just see a tree --
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可是我看到的不仅仅是树，
02:57
I look at this and I see opportunity.
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当我望着这张照片时，我看到的是契机，
03:00
I see an entire weekend.
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我一整个周末都在看。
03:03
Because when I was a kid,
these were the types of images
these were the types of images
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因为当我还是个孩子的时候，
就是这类照片
就是这类照片
03:05
that got me off the sofa
and dared me to explore,
and dared me to explore,
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让我离开沙发
激励我去探索，
激励我去探索，
03:08
dared me to go find the woods
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激励我去寻找森林，
03:09
and put my head underwater
and see what we have.
and see what we have.
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让我潜入水底去探查里面装着什么。
诸位，我在全世界拍摄无数照片。
03:13
And folks, I've been photographing
all over the world
all over the world
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03:16
and I promise you,
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我保证，
03:17
what we have here in the South,
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我们在南部所拥有的，
03:19
what we have in the Sunshine State,
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我们在阳光之州（佛罗里达）所拥有，
03:20
rivals anything else that I've seen.
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足以媲美任何我曾见过的风景。
但是我们的旅游业却在极力推销
那些错误的东西。
那些错误的东西。
03:23
But yet our tourism industry is busy
promoting all the wrong things.
promoting all the wrong things.
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大部分的孩子在他们12岁前，
去迪斯尼世界的次数
去迪斯尼世界的次数
03:28
Before most kids are 12,
they'll have been to Disney World
they'll have been to Disney World
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03:31
more times than they've been in a canoe
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远远超出他们在布满繁星的星空下
03:33
or camping under a starry sky.
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乘驾独木舟或露营的次数。
当然我并非反对迪斯尼和米老鼠
——我小时候也去过那儿。
——我小时候也去过那儿。
03:36
And I have nothing against Disney
or Mickey; I used to go there, too.
or Mickey; I used to go there, too.
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03:40
But they're missing out on those
fundamental connections
fundamental connections
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但他们因此错失了那些基本的联系，
那些为他们带来切实的
骄傲和归属感的联系，
骄傲和归属感的联系，
03:43
that create a real sense
of pride and ownership
of pride and ownership
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是他们与自己故乡之间的联系。
03:46
for the place that they call home.
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03:49
And this is compounded by the issue
that the landscapes
that the landscapes
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这是一系列互相关联的问题：
就是这些被定义为自然遗产的风景，
03:52
that define our natural heritage
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03:54
and fuel our aquifer
for our drinking water
for our drinking water
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补充着我们的地下蓄水层，
为我们提供饮用水。
为我们提供饮用水。
03:57
have been deemed as scary
and dangerous and spooky.
and dangerous and spooky.
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而我们却认为它们是可怕、
危险和令人毛骨悚然的。
危险和令人毛骨悚然的。
当我们的祖先第一次踏上这片土地，
04:02
When our ancestors first came here,
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04:04
they warned, "Stay out
of these areas, they're haunted.
of these areas, they're haunted.
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他们警告说，
“远离那些区域，那儿闹鬼。
“远离那些区域，那儿闹鬼。
04:06
They're full of evil spirits and ghosts."
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那儿充满了恶灵与幽魂。”
04:09
I don't know where
they came up with that idea.
they came up with that idea.
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我不知道他们这些想法
是从哪儿得来的。
是从哪儿得来的。
04:12
But it's actually led
to a very real disconnect,
to a very real disconnect,
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但它确实造成了一种失联，
04:15
a very real negative mentality
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一种非常消极的心理，
04:17
that has kept the public
disinterested, silent,
disinterested, silent,
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使得公众保持漠视和沉默，
04:20
and ultimately, our environment at risk.
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最终，让我们的环境处于危险之中。
04:24
We're a state that's surrounded
and defined by water,
and defined by water,
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我们是一个
由水包围和构成的州，
由水包围和构成的州，
04:27
and yet for centuries,
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可是几个世纪以来，
沼泽与湿地曾经被视为
04:29
swamps and wetlands have been regarded
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04:31
as these obstacles to overcome.
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是我们需要克服的障碍物。
04:34
And so we've treated them
as these second-class ecosystems,
as these second-class ecosystems,
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因此我们将其当做是
次要的生态系统，
次要的生态系统，
04:38
because they have
very little monetary value
very little monetary value
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因为它们没有太大的经济效益。
04:40
and of course, they're known
to harbor alligators and snakes --
to harbor alligators and snakes --
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当然，里面也是短吻鳄和蛇类的避风港——
04:44
which, I'll admit, these aren't
the most cuddly of ambassadors.
the most cuddly of ambassadors.
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我不得不承认，
他们并非这片土地最可爱的使者。
他们并非这片土地最可爱的使者。
04:47
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
所以就变成了这样一种假设：
04:48
So it became assumed, then,
that the only good swamp
that the only good swamp
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对我们来说最好的沼泽，
就是一片干涸的沼泽。
就是一片干涸的沼泽。
04:51
was a drained swamp.
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事实上，
04:53
And in fact,
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直到不久前，人们还认为
排干沼泽为农业和开发铺路，
排干沼泽为农业和开发铺路，
04:54
draining a swamp to make way
for agriculture and development
for agriculture and development
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04:57
was considered the very essence
of conservation not too long ago.
of conservation not too long ago.
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才是从本质上保护了生态。
但是现在我们改变了想法，
05:02
But now we're backpedaling,
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05:04
because the more we come to learn
about these sodden landscapes,
about these sodden landscapes,
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因为我们越深入去了解
这些丰泽的景色，
这些丰泽的景色，
05:07
the more secrets we're starting to unlock
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我们解锁的奥秘就越多：
05:09
about interspecies relationships
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关于各个物种间的关系，
05:11
and the connectivity of habitats,
watersheds and flyways.
watersheds and flyways.
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他们栖息地之间的关联，
分布流域和迁徙路线。
分布流域和迁徙路线。
以这种鸟为例：
05:17
Take this bird, for example:
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05:19
this is the prothonotary warbler.
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这是一只蓝翅黄森莺。
05:20
I love this bird because
it's a swamp bird,
it's a swamp bird,
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我喜欢这种鸟，因为它是一种沼泽鸟，
05:23
through and through, a swamp bird.
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彻彻底底的沼泽鸟。
05:24
They nest and they mate and they breed
in these old-growth swamps
in these old-growth swamps
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它们从筑巢到交配到繁育，
都在这片古老的沼泽，
都在这片古老的沼泽，
这片被水浸没的森林中。
05:28
in these flooded forests.
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05:30
And so after the spring,
after they raise their young,
after they raise their young,
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春天过后，
等它们把雏鸟哺育成年，
等它们把雏鸟哺育成年，
它们将飞越数千英里的墨西哥湾
05:32
they then fly thousand of miles
over the Gulf of Mexico
over the Gulf of Mexico
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05:35
into Central and South America.
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进入中美洲和南美洲。
当寒冬过去，
05:37
And then after the winter,
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05:39
the spring rolls around
and they come back.
and they come back.
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春天重临大地，
它们便会返航。
它们便会返航。
05:41
They fly thousands of miles
over the Gulf of Mexico.
over the Gulf of Mexico.
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它们再次飞越数千英里
横跨墨西哥湾。
横跨墨西哥湾。
05:44
And where do they go? Where do they land?
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它们去了哪里？它们在哪着陆？
它们回到了去年的那棵树上。
05:47
Right back in the same tree.
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这太迷人了。
05:50
That's nuts.
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05:52
This is a bird the size
of a tennis ball --
of a tennis ball --
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这种鸟的体型只有网球大小——
05:55
I mean, that's crazy!
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我觉得，这太离奇了！
05:57
I used a GPS to get here today,
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我今天是靠GPS导航才来到这个场馆，
05:59
and this is my hometown.
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而且这还是在我的家乡。
06:01
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
06:02
It's crazy.
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太不可思议了。
06:04
So what happens, then, when this bird
flies over the Gulf of Mexico
flies over the Gulf of Mexico
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而现在发生的是：
当这种鸟横跨墨西哥湾
当这种鸟横跨墨西哥湾
06:08
into Central America for the winter
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到中美洲过冬，
06:09
and then the spring rolls around
and it flies back,
and it flies back,
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然后春天到来时，它会再飞回来，
06:12
and it comes back to this:
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它发现……：
06:15
a freshly sodded golf course?
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一个全新的草地高尔夫球场？
06:17
This is a narrative that's
all too commonly unraveling
all too commonly unraveling
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这个故事在我们州
诸多未解之谜里
诸多未解之谜里
是再寻常不过的一个了。
06:20
here in this state.
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06:21
And this is a natural process
that's occurred for thousands of years
that's occurred for thousands of years
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这些自然历程存在数千年之久，
而我们直到最近才开始了解它。
06:25
and we're just now learning about it.
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06:26
So you can imagine all else we have
to learn about these landscapes
to learn about these landscapes
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所以你可以想象，这片风景中
还有多少这样的事情需要去了解，
还有多少这样的事情需要去了解，
但前提是我们要保护它们。
06:30
if we just preserve them first.
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06:31
Now despite all this rich life
that abounds in these swamps,
that abounds in these swamps,
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现在虽然有如此丰富的物种
生活在沼泽中，
生活在沼泽中，
它们却始终恶名昭彰。
06:36
they still have a bad name.
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06:38
Many people feel uncomfortable
with the idea of wading
with the idea of wading
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许多人想到自己跋涉在
佛罗里达的黑水河中时
佛罗里达的黑水河中时
会觉得不舒服。
06:42
into Florida's blackwater.
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06:44
I can understand that.
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我懂这种感觉。
但我之所以喜欢
在阳光之州（佛罗里达）长大，
在阳光之州（佛罗里达）长大，
06:46
But what I loved about growing up
in the Sunshine State
in the Sunshine State
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06:49
is that for so many of us,
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是因为对我们大多数人来说，
06:50
we live with this latent
but very palpable fear
but very palpable fear
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我们生活在一种潜在的，
却极易察觉的恐惧中：
却极易察觉的恐惧中：
06:54
that when we put our toes into the water,
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那就是，当我们将脚趾探入水中，
06:56
there might be something much more ancient
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水中可能存在着某些
比我们更加古老、
比我们更加古老、
06:59
and much more adapted than we are.
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比我们更加适应这个环境的生物。
07:02
Knowing that you're not top dog
is a welcomed discomfort, I think.
is a welcomed discomfort, I think.
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认识到自己并非这里的主宰，
这种不安的感觉
是值得体验的，我认为。
是值得体验的，我认为。
在这个现代化、城市化和数字化的时代，
07:08
How often in this modern
and urban and digital age
and urban and digital age
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07:11
do you actually get the chance
to feel vulnerable,
to feel vulnerable,
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你有多少机会去感到弱势？
07:15
or consider that the world may not
have been made for just us?
have been made for just us?
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或者意识到这个世界
未必是为我们而建造的？
未必是为我们而建造的？
07:19
So for the last decade,
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所以在过去的十年间，
07:21
I began seeking out these areas
where the concrete yields to forest
where the concrete yields to forest
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我开始探寻这些区域：
从钢筋丛林到真正的森林，
从钢筋丛林到真正的森林，
07:24
and the pines turn to cypress,
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从松树林到柏木林，
07:26
and I viewed all these
mosquitoes and reptiles,
mosquitoes and reptiles,
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然后我看遍了所有的蚊子和爬虫类，
07:30
all these discomforts,
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去体验这些不适，
07:31
as affirmations that I'd found
true wilderness,
true wilderness,
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来确认自己找到了真正的荒野，
07:35
and I embrace them wholly.
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我拥抱这所有的一切。
07:37
Now as a conservation photographer
obsessed with blackwater,
obsessed with blackwater,
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现在，身为一个执着于
黑水河环境保护的摄影师，
黑水河环境保护的摄影师，
07:41
it's only fitting that I'd
eventually end up
eventually end up
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我终于找到了唯一适合我的地方，
07:43
in the most famous swamp of all:
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也是所有的沼泽地中最著名的：
佛罗里达大沼泽地（Everglades).
07:45
the Everglades.
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在佛罗里达州中北部长大，
07:47
Growing up here in North Central Florida,
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07:49
it always had these enchanted names,
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这儿总有一些充满魔力的地名，
像 Loxahatchee 、Fakahatchee，
07:50
places like Loxahatchee and Fakahatchee,
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07:54
Corkscrew, Big Cypress.
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Corkscrew（螺丝锥），Big Cypress（大丝柏）……
07:56
I started what turned
into a five-year project
into a five-year project
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我启动了一个
为期五年的企划，
为期五年的企划，
07:59
to hopefully reintroduce
the Everglades in a new light,
the Everglades in a new light,
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希望以一种崭新、
更具启发性的角度
更具启发性的角度
08:03
in a more inspired light.
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向世人重新介绍大沼泽地。
但我知道这会非常辛苦，
08:05
But I knew this would be a tall order,
because here you have an area
because here you have an area
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因为它大约占去了佛罗里达州
三分之一的面积，它太大了。
三分之一的面积，它太大了。
08:09
that's roughly a third the size
the state of Florida, it's huge.
the state of Florida, it's huge.
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08:12
And when I say Everglades,
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当我说到大沼泽地的时候，
08:13
most people are like,
"Oh, yeah, the national park."
"Oh, yeah, the national park."
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可能大部分人会说，
「哦，对，是那个国家公园。」
「哦，对，是那个国家公园。」
08:16
But the Everglades is not just a park;
it's an entire watershed,
it's an entire watershed,
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但是大沼泽地不仅仅是公园；
它是一整片流域，
它是一整片流域，
一整片发源于北方湖泊的基西米河流域，
08:21
starting with the Kissimmee
chain of lakes in the north,
chain of lakes in the north,
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3005
08:24
and then as the rains
would fall in the summer,
would fall in the summer,
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2225
当夏天雨季来临，
08:26
these downpours would flow
into Lake Okeechobee,
into Lake Okeechobee,
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倾盆大雨注入奥科乔比湖，
08:28
and Lake Okeechobee would fill up
and it would overflow its banks
and it would overflow its banks
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奥科乔比湖水满涨时，会漫过堤岸
08:32
and spill southward, ever slowly,
with the topography,
with the topography,
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顺着地势缓慢地向南方流去，
08:35
and get into the river of grass,
the Sawgrass Prairies,
the Sawgrass Prairies,
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最后进入青草之湖——
索格拉斯大草原，
索格拉斯大草原，
08:38
before meting into the cypress slews,
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在进入大片松柏林之前，
08:40
until going further south
into the mangrove swamps,
into the mangrove swamps,
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它们会一直向北方蔓延流入红树林沼泽，
08:42
and then finally -- finally --
reaching Florida Bay,
reaching Florida Bay,
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最终抵达佛罗里达湾，
08:46
the emerald gem of the Everglades,
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犹如大沼泽地上的祖母绿宝石，
08:48
the great estuary,
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这片壮阔的港湾，
08:49
the 850 square-mile estuary.
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2253
有着850平方英里。
08:52
So sure, the national park
is the southern end of this system,
is the southern end of this system,
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4333
所以可以确定的是，国家公园只是
这整个系统的最南端，
这整个系统的最南端，
08:56
but all the things that make it unique
are these inputs that come in,
are these inputs that come in,
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3303
但是让它变得与众不同的是，
09:00
the fresh water that starts
100 miles north.
100 miles north.
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2807
那些从100英里外的北方
奔腾而至的淡水。
奔腾而至的淡水。
09:02
So no manner of these political
or invisible boundaries
or invisible boundaries
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没有任何政策或是无形的约束
可以保护公园远离水污染或干旱。
09:06
protect the park from polluted water
or insufficient water.
or insufficient water.
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09:11
And unfortunately, that's precisely
what we've done.
what we've done.
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不幸的是，（干旱和水污染）
正是我们造成的。
正是我们造成的。
过去60年中，
09:14
Over the last 60 years,
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09:16
we have drained, we have dammed,
we have dredged the Everglades
we have dredged the Everglades
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我们泄水、筑坝、挖掘大沼泽地
09:19
to where now only one third of the water
that used to reach the bay
that used to reach the bay
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以至于现在抵达佛罗里达湾
的水量只有过去的三分之一。
09:23
now reaches the bay today.
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2007
09:26
So this story is not all sunshine
and rainbows, unfortunately.
and rainbows, unfortunately.
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所以，这个故事里不全是
阳光和彩虹——很遗憾。
阳光和彩虹——很遗憾。
无论好坏与否，
09:30
For better or for worse,
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1886
有关大沼泽地的故事，
09:32
the story of the Everglades
is intrinsically tied
is intrinsically tied
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3417
本质上表现了人类和自然界之间
09:36
to the peaks and the valleys
of mankind's relationship
of mankind's relationship
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忽冷忽热的关系。
09:39
with the natural world.
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09:41
But I'll show you
these beautiful pictures,
these beautiful pictures,
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2025
但是我要给你们展示一些美丽的照片，
因为这样才能让你们进入状态。
09:43
because it gets you on board.
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1461
09:44
And while I have your attention,
I can tell you the real story.
I can tell you the real story.
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当你们的注意力被吸引过来时，
我将告诉你们真正的故事。
我将告诉你们真正的故事。
我们最初拥有的是这个，
09:47
It's that we're taking this,
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1951
但我们以惊人的速度
把它变成了这番景象。
把它变成了这番景象。
09:49
and we're trading it for this,
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09:52
at an alarming rate.
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1495
而我们所进行的大量讨论
09:55
And what's lost on so many people
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1710
09:57
is the sheer scale
of which we're discussing.
of which we're discussing.
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对许多人来说是不能理解的。
09:59
Because the Everglades is not just
responsible for the drinking water
responsible for the drinking water
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因为大沼泽地所承担的不仅仅是
为七百万佛罗里达居民提供饮用水；
10:03
for 7 million Floridians;
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10:05
today it also provides
the agricultural fields
the agricultural fields
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如今它还承载了大量农田，
10:07
for the year-round tomatoes and oranges
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2559
提供全年的西红柿和橘子，
10:10
for over 300 million Americans.
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2831
给三亿多美国人。
同样在夏季汛期的涨水
10:14
And it's that same seasonal pulse
of water in the summer
of water in the summer
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3314
10:17
that built the river of grass
6,000 years ago.
6,000 years ago.
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3893
在六千年前形成了青草之湖。
讽刺的是，今天，
它却养育着超过50万英亩的
它却养育着超过50万英亩的
10:22
Ironically, today, it's also responsible
for the over half a million acres
for the over half a million acres
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4378
10:26
of the endless river of sugarcane.
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无尽的甘蔗田。
这也意味着在同样的这片
土地和流域中
土地和流域中
10:29
These are the same fields
that are responsible
that are responsible
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10:32
for dumping exceedingly high levels
of fertilizers into the watershed,
of fertilizers into the watershed,
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4024
施用了极为过量的肥料，
10:36
forever changing the system.
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2163
且永远的改变了这里的生态系统。
10:38
But in order for you to not just
understand how this system works,
understand how this system works,
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3212
为了让你们不仅仅是了解
这一系统如何运作，
这一系统如何运作，
10:41
but to also get personally
connected to it,
connected to it,
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同样能与它产生更切身的联系，
10:44
I decided to break the story down
into several different narratives.
into several different narratives.
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我决定把故事打乱
放进几段不同的故事中。
放进几段不同的故事中。
10:47
And I wanted that story to start
in Lake Okeechobee,
in Lake Okeechobee,
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2788
我想从奥科乔湖比开始我们的故事，
10:50
the beating heart of the Everglade system.
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2747
它是大沼泽地生态系统
跳动的心脏。
跳动的心脏。
10:52
And to do that, I picked an ambassador,
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2463
为此，我挑选了一位亲善大使，
10:55
an iconic species.
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1249
一种标志性的生物。
10:57
This is the Everglade snail kite.
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1992
那就是大沼泽地食螺鸢。
一种非常漂亮的鸟，
10:59
It's a great bird,
237
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1246
11:00
and they used to nest in the thousands,
238
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1874
它们曾经筑有数以千计的巢穴，
11:02
thousands in the northern Everglades.
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1803
在沼泽地的北方。
11:04
And then they've gone down
to about 400 nesting pairs today.
to about 400 nesting pairs today.
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3504
可现在它们的筑巢数量
已经下降到大约400个左右。
已经下降到大约400个左右。
11:08
And why is that?
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为什么会这样？
11:09
Well, it's because they eat
one source of food, an apple snail,
one source of food, an apple snail,
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3124
因为它们食物单一，只吃苹果螺，
11:12
about the size of a ping-pong ball,
an aquatic gastropod.
an aquatic gastropod.
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3401
一种大小如乒乓球
的水产软体动物。
的水产软体动物。
11:16
So as we started damming up
the Everglades,
the Everglades,
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3225
所以当我们开始
在大沼泽地筑坝时，
在大沼泽地筑坝时，
11:19
as we started diking Lake Okeechobee
and draining the wetlands,
and draining the wetlands,
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3477
当我们开始在奥科乔比湖
筑堤并排干湿地时，
筑堤并排干湿地时，
11:22
we lost the habitat for the snail.
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2112
我们毁掉了螺类的栖息地。
11:25
And thus, the population
of the kites declined.
of the kites declined.
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2792
因此，食螺鸢的数量随之下降。
11:28
And so, I wanted a photo that would
not only communicate this relationship
not only communicate this relationship
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因此，我想要拍的照片不仅仅
是表达这种
是表达这种
11:31
between wetland, snail and bird,
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3089
湿地、螺类与鸟类的关系，
11:35
but I also wanted a photo
that would communicate
that would communicate
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2249
而且我还希望照片中能表达
11:37
how incredible this relationship was,
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2794
这种关系的不可思议性，
11:40
and how very important it is
that they've come to depend on each other,
that they've come to depend on each other,
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4156
和他们之间的相互相关性，
对于健康的湿地和鸟类来说
是多么的重要。
是多么的重要。
11:44
this healthy wetland and this bird.
253
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1667
11:46
And to do that, I brainstormed this idea.
254
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1972
为此，我想到了这个办法。
11:48
I started sketching
out these plans to make a photo,
out these plans to make a photo,
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3238
我开始起草了这个拍摄计划，
11:51
and I sent it to the wildlife biologist
down in Okeechobee --
down in Okeechobee --
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2887
并把它传给一名位于
奥科乔比湖的野生生物学家——
奥科乔比湖的野生生物学家——
11:54
this is an endangered bird,
so it takes special permission to do.
so it takes special permission to do.
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3087
这是一种濒临灭亡的鸟类
所有需要特别许可才行。
所有需要特别许可才行。
11:57
So I built this submerged platform
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1694
我制造了一个沉在水中的平台，
11:59
that would hold snails
just right under the water.
just right under the water.
259
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2482
这样就会把苹果螺固定到水下。
12:01
And I spent months planning
this crazy idea.
this crazy idea.
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4458
我花了几个月的时间
去筹备这个疯狂的计划。
去筹备这个疯狂的计划。
12:06
And I took this platform
down to Lake Okeechobee
down to Lake Okeechobee
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2976
我把这个平台放入奥科乔比湖，
12:09
and I spent over a week in the water,
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2072
并在水里待了一个多星期，
12:11
wading waist-deep,
9-hour shifts from dawn until dusk,
9-hour shifts from dawn until dusk,
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3716
水深及腰，从拂晓到黄昏
九个小时的移动，
九个小时的移动，
12:14
to get one image that I thought
might communicate this.
might communicate this.
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只为拍下一张能表达
我的构想的照片。
我的构想的照片。
12:18
And here's the day that it finally worked:
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这是我最终得偿所愿的那天；
12:20
[Video: (Mac Stone narrating)
After setting up the platform,
After setting up the platform,
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影片：（斯通旁白）
「平台布置好后，
「平台布置好后，
12:23
I look off and I see a kite
coming over the cattails.
coming over the cattails.
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我注视着它
然后我看到有一只鸢飞过香蒲。
然后我看到有一只鸢飞过香蒲。
12:25
And I see him scanning and searching.
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它一直在扫视和搜寻着。
12:27
And he gets right over the trap,
269
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1605
当它越过这个陷阱后，
12:29
and I see that he's seen it.
270
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我看到它有所察觉。
12:30
And he beelines,
he goes straight for the trap.
he goes straight for the trap.
271
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然后它直奔陷阱而去。
12:33
And in that moment,
all those months of planning, waiting,
all those months of planning, waiting,
272
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在那一刻，
这数月来的筹划、等待，
这数月来的筹划、等待，
12:36
all the sunburn, mosquito bites --
273
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2110
以及所有的晒伤和蚊虫叮咬，
12:38
suddenly, they're all worth it.
274
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2538
瞬间，都值得了。」
12:41
(Mac Stone in film) Oh my gosh,
I can't believe it!]
I can't believe it!]
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749479
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（斯通在影片中说道）
「哦天啊，我简直不敢相信！」
「哦天啊，我简直不敢相信！」
你们简直不能想象
当时我有多么激动。
当时我有多么激动。
12:45
You can believe how excited I was
when that happened.
when that happened.
276
753695
2597
12:48
But what the idea was,
277
756316
1340
但是这个计划是针对那些
12:49
is that for someone
who's never seen this bird
who's never seen this bird
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757680
2199
从未见过这种鸟、
12:51
and has no reason to care about it,
279
759903
2070
也没有任何理由去关注这种鸟的人，
12:53
these photos, these new perspectives,
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761997
2625
这些照片，这些新的认知，
12:56
will help shed a little new light
on just one species
on just one species
281
764646
3122
将提供一个新的视角：
单单一个物种
单单一个物种
12:59
that makes this watershed
so incredible, so valuable, so important.
so incredible, so valuable, so important.
282
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就让这片流域变得如此不可思议，
如此珍贵和重要。
如此珍贵和重要。
当然，我知道，
我总不能到了Gainesville
我总不能到了Gainesville
13:04
Now, I know I can't come
here to Gainesville
here to Gainesville
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13:07
and talk to you about animals
in the Everglades
in the Everglades
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讲了那么多大沼泽地里的野生动物
13:09
without talking about gators.
285
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1788
却没有提到鳄鱼。
13:11
I love gators, I grew up loving gators.
286
779644
2290
我爱鳄鱼，
从小就喜欢鳄鱼。
从小就喜欢鳄鱼。
13:14
My parents always said I had
an unhealthy relationship with gators.
an unhealthy relationship with gators.
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782361
3416
我的父母常说
我和短吻鳄有不正常的关系。
我和短吻鳄有不正常的关系。
13:17
But what I like about them is,
288
785801
1468
但我之所以喜欢它们，
13:19
they're like the freshwater
equivalent of sharks.
equivalent of sharks.
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2604
是因为它们相当于淡水里的鲨鱼。
13:21
They're feared, they're hated,
290
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1648
人们恐惧它、厌恶它，
13:23
and they are tragically misunderstood.
291
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2364
它们一直悲惨地被误解。
13:26
Because these are a unique species,
they're not just apex predators.
they're not just apex predators.
292
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3764
因为它们是一种独特的生物，
而不仅仅是顶尖的猎食者。
而不仅仅是顶尖的猎食者。
13:30
In the Everglades,
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1290
在大沼泽地，
13:31
they are the very architects
of the Everglades,
of the Everglades,
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2494
它们是大沼泽地出色的建筑师，
13:34
because as the water drops
down in the winter
down in the winter
295
802006
2143
因为当冬季水位下降
13:36
during the dry season,
296
804173
1158
进入枯水期，
13:37
they start excavating these holes
called gator holes.
called gator holes.
297
805355
3022
它们开始挖掘短吻鳄洞穴。
13:40
And they do this because
as the water drops down,
as the water drops down,
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808401
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它们这样做的原因是
当水位下降后，
当水位下降后，
13:42
they'll be able to stay wet
and they'll be able to forage.
and they'll be able to forage.
299
810735
3387
它们依然可以保持潮湿
而且依然可以觅食。
而且依然可以觅食。
当然，这不止造福它们，
13:46
And now this isn't just affecting them,
300
814645
2319
13:48
other animals also depend
on this relationship,
on this relationship,
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816988
2233
其他的动物也依赖这种关系，
13:51
so they become a keystone species as well.
302
819245
2678
所以它们成了一种关键性的生物。
13:54
So how do you make an apex predator,
an ancient reptile,
an ancient reptile,
303
822677
4235
那么我们是怎么让一种顶尖猎食者、
一种古老的爬行生物，
一种古老的爬行生物，
13:58
at once look like it dominates the system,
304
826936
2478
乍看之下好像主宰着这一生态系统，
14:01
but at the same time, look vulnerable?
305
829438
2443
而同时，面对潜在的威胁却是脆弱的？
14:04
Well, you wade into a pit
of about 120 of them,
of about 120 of them,
306
832706
4043
想要了解的话，就得走进
一个有120只短吻鳄的水坑……
一个有120只短吻鳄的水坑……
14:08
then you hope that you've made
the right decision.
the right decision.
307
836773
2406
我真希望自己做出的是个正确的决定。
14:11
(Laughter)
308
839203
1764
（笑声）
我的手指都还在，酷吧。
14:13
I still have all my fingers, it's cool.
309
841955
1960
14:16
But I understand, I know
I'm not going to rally you guys,
I'm not going to rally you guys,
310
844677
2702
但我知道，我并没要怂恿你们。
14:19
I'm not going to rally the troops to
"Save the Everglades for the gators!"
"Save the Everglades for the gators!"
311
847403
3610
我不是在对你们宣扬说，
「为了短吻鳄去拯救大沼泽地吧！」
「为了短吻鳄去拯救大沼泽地吧！」
14:23
It won't happen because
they're so ubiquitous,
they're so ubiquitous,
312
851037
2198
我不会那么做，
因为它们现在活的很滋润，
因为它们现在活的很滋润，
它们不再稀有了，
14:25
we see them now,
313
853259
1151
它们是美国环境保护的成功典范之一。
14:26
they're one of the great conservation
success stories of the US.
success stories of the US.
314
854434
3342
14:29
But there is one species in the Everglades
that no matter who you are,
that no matter who you are,
315
857800
3326
但大沼泽地里
有一种生物是你无论如何
有一种生物是你无论如何
都只能关爱，却无法保护的，
那就是玫瑰琵鹭。
那就是玫瑰琵鹭。
14:33
you can't help but love, too,
and that's the roseate spoonbill.
and that's the roseate spoonbill.
316
861150
3079
14:36
These birds are great, but they've had
a really tough time in the Everglades,
a really tough time in the Everglades,
317
864253
3631
这种鸟极其美丽，
但它们在大沼泽的生存却极其艰难。
但它们在大沼泽的生存却极其艰难。
14:39
because they started out with thousands
of nesting pairs in Florida Bay,
of nesting pairs in Florida Bay,
318
867908
3466
因为它们最初在佛罗里达湾
筑有数以千计的巢穴，
筑有数以千计的巢穴，
14:43
and at the turn of the 20th century,
319
871398
2063
但到了20世纪之交，
14:45
they got down to two -- two nesting pairs.
320
873485
3592
却仅剩两个——两个巢穴。
14:49
And why?
321
877101
1164
为什么？
因为女人们认为这种鸟
与其飞在天上，
与其飞在天上，
14:50
That's because women thought
they looked better on their hats
they looked better on their hats
322
878681
2896
14:53
then they did flying in the sky.
323
881601
2013
不如做成她们的帽子更好看。
此后我们禁止了羽饰贸易，我们禁止了，
14:56
Then we banned the plume trade,
324
884324
2409
14:58
and their numbers started rebounding.
325
886757
2118
所以它们的数量开始回升。
15:00
And as their numbers started rebounding,
326
888899
2025
当它们的数量开始回升后，
15:02
scientists began to pay attention,
327
890948
1739
科学家才注意到它们，
15:04
they started studying these birds.
328
892711
1713
并开始研究这些鸟类。
15:06
And what they found out is that
329
894448
1485
他们的研究发现
15:07
these birds' behavior
is intrinsically tied
is intrinsically tied
330
895957
2158
这些鸟的行为，
15:10
to the annual draw-down
cycle of water in the Everglades,
cycle of water in the Everglades,
331
898139
2918
本质上与大沼泽地每年水位下降
15:13
the thing that defines
the Everglades watershed.
the Everglades watershed.
332
901081
2679
及流域一切的循环周期息息相关。
他们发现：
15:16
What they found out is that
333
904291
1537
15:17
these birds started nesting in the winter
as the water drew down,
as the water drew down,
334
905852
3068
这种鸟在冬天
水位下降的时候开始筑巢，
水位下降的时候开始筑巢，
因为它们是感知型的进食动物，
必须通过触碰食物（来判断能否进食）。
必须通过触碰食物（来判断能否进食）。
15:20
because they're tactile feeders,
so they have to touch whatever they eat.
so they have to touch whatever they eat.
335
908944
3580
15:24
And so they wait for these
concentrated pools of fish
concentrated pools of fish
336
912548
3098
所以它们会等待这些缩小后
的水池中的鱼长到足够大，
的水池中的鱼长到足够大，
15:27
to be able to feed enough
to feed their young.
to feed their young.
337
915670
2397
这样它们才有
足够的食物哺育雏鸟。
足够的食物哺育雏鸟。
15:30
So these birds became the very icon
of the Everglades --
of the Everglades --
338
918877
2989
所以这种鸟成了
大沼泽地的象征——
大沼泽地的象征——
15:33
an indicator species
of the overall health of the system.
of the overall health of the system.
339
921890
3492
一种显示着整个生态系统
是否健康的风向标生物。
是否健康的风向标生物。
15:37
And just as their numbers were rebounding
in the mid-20th century --
in the mid-20th century --
340
925406
3207
它们数量一直回升到二十世纪中叶——
15:40
shooting up to 900, 1,000, 1,100, 1,200 --
341
928637
4649
数量上升到900,1000,1100,1200
15:45
just as that started happening, we started
draining the southern Everglades.
draining the southern Everglades.
342
933310
3756
就像之前发生的一样，
我们开始排干南部的大沼泽地。
我们开始排干南部的大沼泽地。
15:49
And we stopped two-thirds
of that water from moving south.
of that water from moving south.
343
937090
3504
我们阻断了三分之二
流向南部的水。
流向南部的水。
15:52
And it had drastic consequences.
344
940618
2499
而这造成了巨大的影响。
15:55
And just as those numbers
started reaching their peak,
started reaching their peak,
345
943584
2614
就在这种鸟的数量
到达一个高峰时，
到达一个高峰时，
15:58
unfortunately, today,
the real spoonbill story,
the real spoonbill story,
346
946222
3073
非常不幸，今天，
玫瑰琵鹭真实的故事，
玫瑰琵鹭真实的故事，
16:01
the real photo of what it looks like
is more something like this.
is more something like this.
347
949319
4617
真正关于它们生存现状的照片
却是这样的。
却是这样的。
今天佛罗里达湾仅有
不到70个巢穴，
不到70个巢穴，
16:07
And we're down to less than 70
nesting pairs in Florida Bay today,
nesting pairs in Florida Bay today,
348
955007
4616
16:11
because we've disrupted
the system so much.
the system so much.
349
959647
2544
因为我们极大地
扰乱了这里的生态系统。
扰乱了这里的生态系统。
16:14
So all these different organizations
are shouting, they're screaming,
are shouting, they're screaming,
350
962215
3251
所有的环保组织
都在吶喊，都在高呼，
都在吶喊，都在高呼，
16:17
"The Everglades is fragile! It's fragile!"
351
965490
2015
「大沼泽地是脆弱的！是脆弱的！」
16:19
It is not.
352
967529
1151
不是的。
16:20
It is resilient.
353
968704
1550
它有极强的适应力。
16:22
Because despite all we've taken,
despite all we've done and we've drained
despite all we've done and we've drained
354
970278
3492
无论我们掠夺多少，
无论我们对它做过什么，
无论我们对它做过什么，
16:25
and we've dammed and we've dredged it,
355
973794
1839
无论我们排干、筑坝或是挖掘它，
16:27
pieces of it are still here,
waiting to be put back together.
waiting to be put back together.
356
975657
2896
那些碎片仍然在这，
等待我们将其复原。
等待我们将其复原。
16:30
And this is what I've loved
about South Florida,
about South Florida,
357
978577
2254
这就是我热爱佛罗里达南部的原因。
16:32
that in one place, you have
this unstoppable force of mankind
this unstoppable force of mankind
358
980855
3774
因为在这里，你会看到：
人类不可阻挡的力量
人类不可阻挡的力量
16:36
meeting the immovable object
of tropical nature.
of tropical nature.
359
984653
3435
遇上热带地区不可撼动的自然事物。
16:40
And it's at this new frontier
that we are forced with a new appraisal.
that we are forced with a new appraisal.
360
988973
3840
在这片新的疆域
我们被迫重新审视。
我们被迫重新审视。
16:44
What is wilderness worth?
361
992837
1683
荒野的价值究竟是什么？
16:47
What is the value of biodiversity,
or our drinking water?
or our drinking water?
362
995119
3094
生物多样性有多珍贵？
我们饮用水呢？
我们饮用水呢？
幸运的是，
经过数十年争论，
经过数十年争论，
16:51
And fortunately, after decades of debate,
363
999195
2433
16:53
we're finally starting to act
on those questions.
on those questions.
364
1001652
2967
我们终于对这些问题做出了行动。
16:56
We're slowly undertaking these projects
365
1004643
2357
我们开始逐渐实行这些计划，
16:59
to bring more freshwater back to the bay.
366
1007024
2496
将更多的淡水还给海湾。
17:01
But it's up to us as citizens,
as residents, as stewards
as residents, as stewards
367
1009544
3655
但这取决于我们——
作为公民，作为定居者，作为管理者
作为公民，作为定居者，作为管理者
17:05
to hold our elected officials
to their promises.
to their promises.
368
1013223
2955
应当保障我们选出的议员
能履行他们的承诺。
能履行他们的承诺。
你能做点什么吗？
17:09
What can you do to help?
369
1017154
1833
17:11
It's so easy.
370
1019011
1255
非常简单。
17:12
Just get outside, get out there.
371
1020290
1968
只要走出去家门，到那些地方去。
17:14
Take your friends out, take your kids out,
372
1022282
2031
带着你朋友，带着你的孩子，
17:16
take your family out.
373
1024337
1575
带上你的家人一起走出去。
雇一个钓鱼顾问。
17:17
Hire a fishing guide.
374
1025936
1662
17:19
Show the state that protecting wilderness
375
1027622
1983
让政府看到：保护荒野
不仅对生态有好处，
也能创造经济效益。
也能创造经济效益。
17:21
not only makes ecological sense,
but economic sense as well.
but economic sense as well.
376
1029629
4087
那会很有趣，去做就对了——
把你的脚伸入水中吧！
把你的脚伸入水中吧！
17:26
It's a lot of fun, just do it --
put your feet in the water.
put your feet in the water.
377
1034288
3327
沼泽会改变你，我保证。
17:29
The swamp will change you, I promise.
378
1037639
2514
过去的这些年里，
17:33
Over the years, we've been so generous
379
1041351
1872
我们对国内的其它风景如此慷慨，
17:35
with these other landscapes
around the country,
around the country,
380
1043247
3070
将它们拥簇成美国之光。
17:38
cloaking them with this American pride,
381
1046341
2821
17:41
places that we now consider to define us:
382
1049186
2371
我们认为它们代表了美国：
17:43
Grand Canyon, Yosemite, Yellowstone.
383
1051581
3125
科罗拉多大峡谷，优胜美地，黄石公园。
17:46
And we use these parks
and these natural areas
and these natural areas
384
1054730
2409
我们将这些国家公园和自然区域
17:49
as beacons and as cultural compasses.
385
1057163
3243
作为美国的灯塔和文化指南。
可悲的是，佛罗里达大沼泽地
17:53
And sadly, the Everglades is very commonly
386
1061184
2045
17:55
left out of that conversation.
387
1063253
1916
却渐渐被人们遗忘了。
17:57
But I believe it's every bit
as iconic and emblematic
as iconic and emblematic
388
1065600
2508
但我相信它的每一个部分
都是一种图腾和象征，
都是一种图腾和象征，
18:00
of who we are as a country
389
1068132
1873
象征着我们的国家，
18:02
as any of these other wildernesses.
390
1070029
2501
就像其它的荒野一样。
18:04
It's just a different kind of wild.
391
1072554
2487
它是另一种与众不同的荒野。
但是我很欣慰，
18:08
But I'm encouraged,
392
1076057
1327
18:09
because maybe we're finally
starting to come around,
starting to come around,
393
1077408
2694
因为或许我们终于醒来，
18:12
because what was once deemed
this swampy wasteland,
this swampy wasteland,
394
1080126
2587
因为那个曾经被人们视为沼泽的湿地，
18:14
today is a World Heritage site.
395
1082737
2063
今天已经成了世界自然遗产。
18:17
It's a wetland
of international importance.
of international importance.
396
1085404
2754
它是世界级重要的湿地。
过去的六十年我们有所进展。
18:20
And we've come a long way
in the last 60 years.
in the last 60 years.
397
1088699
2803
18:23
And as the world's largest and most
ambitious wetland restoration project,
ambitious wetland restoration project,
398
1091526
4394
作为世界上最庞大、
最富雄心的湿地复原计划，
最富雄心的湿地复原计划，
18:27
the international spotlight
is on us in the Sunshine State.
is on us in the Sunshine State.
399
1095944
4341
全世界的目光
都聚焦在我们阳光之州。
都聚焦在我们阳光之州。
如果我们能修复这个生态系统，
18:32
Because if we can heal this system,
400
1100309
1733
18:34
it's going to become an icon
for wetland restoration
for wetland restoration
401
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3449
它将成为一个全球的湿地修复典范。
18:37
all over the world.
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但这一切都取决于我们想要
将怎样的荣誉赋予我们的国家。
将怎样的荣誉赋予我们的国家。
18:40
But it's up to us to decide which legacy
we want to attach our flag to.
we want to attach our flag to.
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18:45
They say that the Everglades
is our greatest test.
is our greatest test.
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他们说：保护大沼泽地
是我们最伟大的考验。
是我们最伟大的考验。
18:49
If we pass it, we get to keep the planet.
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如果我们通过了，
我们就有能力保护地球。
我们就有能力保护地球。
我喜欢这段话，
18:53
I love that quote,
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1403
18:54
because it's a challenge, it's a prod.
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因为这是一项挑战，是一种激励。
18:57
Can we do it? Will we do it?
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我们能做到吗？我们愿意去做吗？
18:58
We have to, we must.
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我们必须，也必然会做到。
19:01
But the Everglades is not just a test.
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因为大沼泽地并非只是一次考验。
19:03
It's also a gift,
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它也是一件礼物，
19:05
and ultimately, our responsibility.
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而最终，是你我的义务。
19:08
Thank you.
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谢谢大家。
19:10
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mac Stone - PhotographerFlorida-based photographer Mac Stone specializes in documenting the Everglades, an area he prizes for its wildlife and flora.
Why you should listen
Mac Stone is a conservation photographer from Gainesville, Florida. Growing up exploring the springs, swamps, and hammocks of North Central Florida, he developed a passion for photography at a young age.
Over the years his camera has carried him to some of the most remote and imperiled areas this side of the globe. For six months, Stone lived in Ecuador during the presidential overthrow of 2005 and worked with Wildlife Conservation Society biologists in the Amazon rainforest. Soon after, he moved to Honduras and lived in a small village along the Cangrejal River. For two years he taught photography to underprivileged youth as a way to raise environmental awareness in the region. Some of the students have gone on to win international acclaim and start up their own eco-tourism businesses. Through photography, Stone strives to start new conversations and expose the dynamic relationship between mankind and the natural world.
Currently, his work focuses on America's swamps in an attempt to change public opinion towards our country’s wetlands. After spending five years living and working in the Everglades watershed, he will be releasing a 304-page coffee table book about the heralded River of Grass. Everglades: America's Wetland, published by University Press of Florida in October 2014 has won a silver medal with the Florida Book Awards and is now in its second printing.
Mac Stone | Speaker | TED.com