TED in the Field
Nicholas Negroponte: Taking OLPC to Colombia
尼古拉斯·尼葛洛庞帝将OLPC（每童一电脑计划）带至哥伦比亚
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TED跟随着尼古拉斯·尼葛洛庞帝去哥伦比亚，他去那发放手提电脑，那里曾是游击队所管辖的地区。而他的合作夥伴是谁？哥伦比亚的國防部，他们将“每童一电脑”计划看作是对该地区的一种投资。（你也可以参与进来。）
Nicholas Negroponte - Tech visionary
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world. Full bio
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:00
It's amazing, when you meet a head of state and you say,
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当你向一位国家元首问问题的时候是很奇妙的，
00:02
"What is your most precious natural resource?" --
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“你们国家最珍贵的资源是什么？”
00:06
they will not say children at first.
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他们不会第一时间回答是儿童。
00:08
And then when you say children,
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但是当你说是儿童时，
00:10
they will pretty quickly agree with you.
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他们几乎会立刻认同你的说法。
00:19
(Video): We're traveling today with
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（录像）：今天，我们将和哥伦比亚的
00:21
the Minister of Defense of Colombia,
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国防部长一起出游，
00:24
head of the army and the head of the police,
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他是军队和警力部门的负责人，
00:26
and we're dropping off 650 laptops
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而且今天，我们将会向儿童们
00:29
today to children
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发放500部手提电脑，
00:31
who have no television, no telephone
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他们生活在一个没有电视，
00:33
and have been in a community
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也没有电话的，
00:35
cut off from the rest of the world
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并且与世隔绝的环境里
00:37
for the past 40 years.
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生活了长达40年。
00:40
The importance of delivering laptops to this region
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将手提电脑发放到这个区域的重要性是在于
00:43
is connecting kids who have otherwise been unconnected
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那些因哥伦比亚武装革命力量而被隔离的儿童们
00:46
because of the FARC,
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联系起来，
00:48
the guerrillas that started off 40 years ago
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40年前开始的游击队
00:51
as a political movement and then became a drug movement.
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已从一场政治运动堕落为一场毒品运动。
00:56
There are one billion children in the world,
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现时世界上有十亿儿童，
00:58
and 50 percent of them don't have electricity
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他们中的一半都没有电力资源
01:00
at home or at school.
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无论是在学校还是在家。
01:03
And in some countries -- let me pick Afghanistan --
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并且在某些国家——如阿富汗——
01:05
75 percent of the little girls don't go to school.
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75%的小女孩都不会去上学。
01:08
And I don't mean that they drop out of school
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我所指的不是她们被学校退学
01:10
in the third or fourth grade -- they don't go.
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而是在她们三、四年级的时候——她们根本没去上学。
01:12
So in the three years
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所以这三年来自从我在TED里演讲
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since I talked at TED and showed a prototype,
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并展示一件产品，
01:17
it's gone from an idea
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它从一个想法转变成
01:19
to a real laptop.
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一台真正的手提电脑。
01:22
We have half a million laptops today
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现在，我们已将五十万台手提电脑
01:24
in the hands of children.
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发放到(世界各地的）儿童手上。
01:27
We have about a quarter of a million in transit
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我们还拥有二十五万台手提电脑
01:29
to those and other children,
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正准备运送到儿童的手上，
01:32
and then there are another quarter of a million more
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以及二十五万台手提电脑
01:36
that are being ordered at this moment.
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正被订购。
01:38
So, in rough numbers, there are a million laptops.
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那么，大概算来，这里共有一百万台手提电脑。
01:40
That's smaller than I predicted --
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这比我预测的要少——
01:42
I predicted three to 10 million --
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我的预计是三百万到一千万之间——
01:44
but is still a very large number.
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不过这仍是一个很巨大的数字。
01:46
In Colombia, we have about 3,000 laptops.
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在哥伦比亚，我们大概已发放了三千台手提电脑。
01:50
It's the Minister of Defense with whom we're working,
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而且和我们合作的是国防部，
01:53
not the Minister of Education, because it is seen as
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而不是教育部，因为这项计划被看做是
01:56
a strategic defense issue
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一个战略防御问题
01:58
in the sense of liberating these zones
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为了解放这些
02:03
that had been completely closed off,
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完全被隔离的区域，
02:05
in which the people who had been causing, if you will,
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而这些人在长达
02:09
40 years' worth of bombings and kidnappings
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轰炸，绑架，以及刺杀中
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and assassinations lived.
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存活下来了。
02:15
And suddenly,
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然后突然地，
02:17
the kids have connected laptops.
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这群儿童被手提电脑联系起来。
02:19
They've leapfrogged.
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他们已超越了上一代。
02:21
The change is absolutely monumental,
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这种变化是绝对具有纪念意义的，
02:25
because it's not just opening it up,
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因为这不仅仅是将这个地区开放，
02:27
but it's opening it up to the rest of the world.
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而是将整个地区与世界联系起来了。
02:30
So yes, they're building roads, yes, they're putting in telephone,
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因此，他们将会进行交通建设，他们将会有电话，
02:32
yes, there will be television.
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而且他们还会拥有电视。
02:34
But the kids six to 12 years old
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但是这群6到12岁的孩子
02:36
are surfing the Internet in Spanish and in local languages,
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却在用西班牙语和当地语言上网，
02:40
so the children grow up
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所以这群孩子是被
02:42
with access to information,
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资讯伴随着长大，
02:44
with a window into the rest of the world.
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并且他们打开了一扇通向世界的门窗。
02:47
Before, they were closed off.
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在此之前，他们是被封闭的。
02:49
Interestingly enough, in other countries,
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而有趣的是，在一些其他的国家，
02:51
it will be the Minister of Finance who sees it
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这项行动会被财政部长看做是
02:53
as an engine of economic growth.
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财富增长的动力。
02:57
And that engine is going to see the results in 20 years.
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而这股动力将会在二十年后才会看到结果。
03:01
It's not going to happen, you know, in one year,
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正如你所知，这不会在一年内发生，
03:04
but it's an important, deeply economic
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但这将是一件具有重大经济意义和
03:07
and cultural change
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文化意义的改变，
03:09
that happens through children.
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一件通过儿童发生的变化。
03:12
Thirty-one countries in total are involved,
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现在已有31个国家参与这项计划，
03:14
and in the case of Uruguay,
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就乌拉圭而言，
03:17
half the children already have them,
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已有一半的儿童拥有手提电脑，
03:19
and by the middle of 2009,
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并且在2009年的中旬时，
03:22
every single child in Uruguay will have a laptop --
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乌拉圭的每位儿童都将会拥有手提电脑——
03:25
a little green laptop.
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一台小巧碧绿的手提电脑。
03:27
Now what are some of the results?
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现在已得到的一些结果是什么？
03:29
Some of the results
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其中的一些结果
03:31
that go across every single country
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是在每个国家都能观测到的
03:34
include teachers saying
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包括老师都说
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they have never loved teaching so much,
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他们从来没有如此热爱教学，
03:39
and reading comprehension
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以及热爱阅读
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measured by third parties -- not by us -- skyrockets.
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这些都是由第三方统计的结果——不是我们——明显飙升。
03:45
Probably the most important thing we see
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然而我们所见的最重要的事是
03:48
is children teaching parents.
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儿童在教导他们的父母。
03:51
They own the laptops. They take them home.
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他们有笔记电脑。他们将它们带回家。
03:54
And so when I met with three children from the schools,
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所以当我和三位在当地学校上学的孩子见面时，
03:57
who had traveled all day to come to Bogota,
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这个地方离波哥大有一天的路程，
04:01
one of the three children brought her mother.
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其中一位孩子带来他的母亲。
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And the reason she brought her mother
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而她带她母亲来的原因是
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is that this six-year-old child
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她这位六岁大的儿童
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had been teaching her mother
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正在教她妈妈
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how to read and write.
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如何读写。
04:13
Her mother had not gone to primary school.
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她妈妈从没有上过小学。
04:16
And this is such an inversion,
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这是一个怎样的倒置，
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and such a wonderful example
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并且也是一个奇妙的例子
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of children being the agents of change.
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体现了孩子是如何作为变化的推动者。
04:25
So now, in closing, people say,
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因此现在，作为结尾，人们问道，
04:27
now why laptops?
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为什么用手提电脑？
04:29
Laptops are a luxury; it's like giving them iPods. No.
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手提电脑是奢侈品；就譬如给予他们iPod。不。
04:32
The reason you want laptops
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你们想要给予手提电脑的原因是
04:34
is that the word is education, not laptop.
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教育，而不是手提电脑本身。
04:38
This is an education project, not a laptop project.
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这是教育项目，而不是手提电脑项目。
04:41
They need to learn learning. And then, just think --
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他们需要学会学习。然后，就想象一下——
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they can have, let's say, 100 books.
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他们可以拥有，譬如说，一百本书。
04:45
In a village, you have 100 laptops,
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在一个村庄里，有一百台手提电脑，
04:48
each with a different set of 100 books,
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而且每台电脑里都有不同套的一百本书，
04:51
and so that village suddenly has 10,000 books.
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那么这个村庄的将会瞬间拥有一万本书。
04:54
You and I didn't have 10,000 books when we went to primary school.
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你和我在小学的时候都没有一万本书。
04:58
Sometimes school is under a tree,
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有时学校就在一棵树底下，
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or in many cases, the teacher has only a fifth-grade education,
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并且很多老师都只有小学五年级的受教育水平，
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so you need a collaborative model of learning,
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因此你需要创建一个互相学习的合作模型，
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not just building more schools and training more teachers,
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而不仅仅是建立更多所学校以及培训更多的教师，
05:09
which you have to do anyway.
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但这也是你无论如何都要做的。
05:11
So we're once again doing "Give One, Get One."
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我们再次发起了“送一台，买一台”运动。
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Last year, we ran a "Give One, Get One" program,
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去年，我们发起的“送一台，买一台”运动，
05:16
and it generated over 100,000 laptops
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并且创造了十万台手提电脑
05:20
that we were then able to give free.
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使我们可以将之免费发放出去。
05:23
And by being a zero-dollar laptop,
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并且作为一台零美元的手提电脑，
05:25
we can go to countries that can't afford it at all.
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我们可以将之送到一些完全无法负担的国家去。
05:28
And that's what we did. We went to Haiti,
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这就是我们所做的。我们去了海地，
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we went to Rwanda, Afghanistan,
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去了卢旺达，以及阿富汗，
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Ethiopia, Mongolia.
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还有埃塞俄比亚和蒙古。
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Places that are not markets,
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一些没有市场的地方，
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seeding it with the principles of
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用着饱和，连接性，
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saturation, connectivity, low ages, etc.
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低龄化等原则来看待。
05:44
And then we can actually roll out large numbers.
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而我们可以用之产生一些巨大的数字。
05:48
So think of it this way:
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因此让我们这样来想：
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think of it as inoculating children
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就好像为愚昧无知
05:53
against ignorance.
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接种疫苗一样。
05:56
And think of the laptop as a vaccine.
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将手提电脑看作一种疫苗。
05:58
You don't vaccinate a few children.
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你不是为一小部分个体接种疫苗。
06:00
You vaccinate all the children in an area.
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而是为整个群体接种疫苗。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nicholas Negroponte - Tech visionaryThe founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world.
Why you should listen
A pioneer in the field of computer-aided design, Negroponte founded (and was the first director of) MIT's Media Lab, which helped drive the multimedia revolution and now houses more than 500 researchers and staff across a broad range of disciplines. An original investor in Wired (and the magazine's "patron saint"), for five years he penned a column exploring the frontiers of technology -- ideas that he expanded into his 1995 best-selling book Being Digital. An angel investor extraordinaire, he's funded more than 40 startups, and served on the boards of companies such as Motorola and Ambient Devices.
But his latest effort, the One Laptop per Child project, may prove his most ambitious. The organization is designing, manufacturing and distributing low-cost, wireless Internet-enabled computers costing roughly $100 and aimed at children. Negroponte hopes to put millions of these devices in the hands of children in the developing world.
Nicholas Negroponte | Speaker | TED.com