TED in the Field
Nicholas Negroponte: Taking OLPC to Colombia
Nicholas Negroponte nosi OLPC u Kolumbiju
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TED prati Nicholasa Negropontea u Kolumbiju dok isporučuje prijenosna računala na područje koje je nekad bilo pod nadzorom gerilaca. Tko mu je pritom bio partner? Kolumbijsko Ministarstvo obrane, koje program One Laptop per Child (Jedan prijenosnik svakome djetetu) smatraju ulaganjem u tu regiju. (I vi se možete uključiti)
Nicholas Negroponte - Tech visionary
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world. Full bio
The founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:00
It's amazing, when you meet a head of state and you say,
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Fantastično je kad se sastanete sa šefom države i kažete:
00:02
"What is your most precious natural resource?" --
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"Koji vam je najvredniji prirodni izvor?"
00:06
they will not say children at first.
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Neće prvo spomenuti djecu.
00:08
And then when you say children,
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A kad vi spomenete djecu,
00:10
they will pretty quickly agree with you.
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vrlo brzo će se složiti s vama.
00:19
(Video): We're traveling today with
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(video): Danas putujemo
00:21
the Minister of Defense of Colombia,
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s kolumbijskim ministrom obrane,
00:24
head of the army and the head of the police,
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zapovjednikom vojske i policije,
00:26
and we're dropping off 650 laptops
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i dostavljamo 650 prijenosnika
00:29
today to children
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djeci
00:31
who have no television, no telephone
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koja nemaju televiziju ni telefon
00:33
and have been in a community
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i koja žive u zajednici
00:35
cut off from the rest of the world
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odsječenoj od ostatka svijeta
00:37
for the past 40 years.
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posljednjih 40 godina.
00:40
The importance of delivering laptops to this region
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Važnost donošenja prijenosnih računala u ovo područje
00:43
is connecting kids who have otherwise been unconnected
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jest u tome što ona povezuju djecu koja inače nisu bila povezana
00:46
because of the FARC,
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zbog FARC-a,
00:48
the guerrillas that started off 40 years ago
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gerilske organizacije koja je nastala prije 40 godina
00:51
as a political movement and then became a drug movement.
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kao politički pokret, a kasnije se počela baviti drogom.
00:56
There are one billion children in the world,
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Na svijetu ima milijardu djece,
00:58
and 50 percent of them don't have electricity
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a 50 posto njih nema električnu struju
01:00
at home or at school.
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ni kod kuće ni u školi.
01:03
And in some countries -- let me pick Afghanistan --
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U nekim zemljama -- primjerice Afganistanu --
01:05
75 percent of the little girls don't go to school.
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75% djevojčica ne ide u školu.
01:08
And I don't mean that they drop out of school
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I to ne znači da prekinu školovanje
01:10
in the third or fourth grade -- they don't go.
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u trećem ili četvrtom razredu -- one se uopće ne školuju.
01:12
So in the three years
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U tri godine
01:14
since I talked at TED and showed a prototype,
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otkad sam govorio na TED-u i pokazao prototip,
01:17
it's gone from an idea
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više nemamo samo ideju,
01:19
to a real laptop.
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već i pravo prijenosno računalo.
01:22
We have half a million laptops today
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Danas je pola milijuna prijenosnih računala
01:24
in the hands of children.
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u rukama djece.
01:27
We have about a quarter of a million in transit
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Oko četvrt milijuna je u transportu
01:29
to those and other children,
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do te i druge djece
01:32
and then there are another quarter of a million more
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i postoji još četvrt milijuna
01:36
that are being ordered at this moment.
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koja se naručuju u ovom trenutku.
01:38
So, in rough numbers, there are a million laptops.
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U grubo, postoji oko milijun prijenosnika.
01:40
That's smaller than I predicted --
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To je manje nego što sam predvidio --
01:42
I predicted three to 10 million --
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predvidio sam tri do deset milijuna --
01:44
but is still a very large number.
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ali to je ipak velik broj.
01:46
In Colombia, we have about 3,000 laptops.
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U Kolumbiji imamo oko 3.000 prijenosnih računala.
01:50
It's the Minister of Defense with whom we're working,
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Radimo s ministrom obrane,
01:53
not the Minister of Education, because it is seen as
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a ne ministrom obrazovanja jer se ovo smatra
01:56
a strategic defense issue
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pitanjem strateške obrane
01:58
in the sense of liberating these zones
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u smislu oslobađanja zona
02:03
that had been completely closed off,
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koje su bile potpuno zatvorene,
02:05
in which the people who had been causing, if you will,
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u kojima su živjeli ljudi koji su uzrokovali, da tako kažem,
02:09
40 years' worth of bombings and kidnappings
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40 godina bombardiranja, otmica
02:13
and assassinations lived.
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i ubojstava.
02:15
And suddenly,
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I odjednom,
02:17
the kids have connected laptops.
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djeca imaju umrežene prijenosnike.
02:19
They've leapfrogged.
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Iznimno su napredovali.
02:21
The change is absolutely monumental,
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Promjena je nevjerojatna
02:25
because it's not just opening it up,
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jer ne radi se samo o tome da smo otvorili ta područja,
02:27
but it's opening it up to the rest of the world.
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već smo ih otvorili ostatku svijeta.
02:30
So yes, they're building roads, yes, they're putting in telephone,
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Da, oni grade ceste, da, uvode telefon,
02:32
yes, there will be television.
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da, imat će i televiziju.
02:34
But the kids six to 12 years old
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Ali djeca između 6 i 12 godina
02:36
are surfing the Internet in Spanish and in local languages,
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surfaju internetom na španjolskom i lokalnim jezicima,
02:40
so the children grow up
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što znači da odrastaju
02:42
with access to information,
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s pristupom informacijama,
02:44
with a window into the rest of the world.
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imaju prozor prema ostatku svijeta.
02:47
Before, they were closed off.
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Prije su bili zatvoreni.
02:49
Interestingly enough, in other countries,
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Zanimljivo je da će u drugim zemljama
02:51
it will be the Minister of Finance who sees it
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uglavnom ministar financija ovaj projekt smatrati
02:53
as an engine of economic growth.
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pokretačem gospodarskog rasta.
02:57
And that engine is going to see the results in 20 years.
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Taj će pokretač imati rezultate za 20 godina.
03:01
It's not going to happen, you know, in one year,
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Neće se to dogoditi, znate, za godinu dana,
03:04
but it's an important, deeply economic
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ali radi se o važnoj, duboko gospodarskoj
03:07
and cultural change
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i kulturnoj promjeni
03:09
that happens through children.
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koja se događa kroz djecu.
03:12
Thirty-one countries in total are involved,
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Uključena je ukupno 31 zemlja,
03:14
and in the case of Uruguay,
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a u slučaju Urugvaja,
03:17
half the children already have them,
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polovica djece već ima prijenosna računala,
03:19
and by the middle of 2009,
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a do sredine 2009.
03:22
every single child in Uruguay will have a laptop --
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svako dijete u Urugvaju imat će prijenosno računalo --
03:25
a little green laptop.
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mali zeleni prijenosnik.
03:27
Now what are some of the results?
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Kakvi su rezultati?
03:29
Some of the results
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Neki od rezultata
03:31
that go across every single country
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koji postoje u svakoj zemlji
03:34
include teachers saying
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jest da učitelji kažu
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they have never loved teaching so much,
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da nikad nisu toliko uživali u poučavanju,
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and reading comprehension
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te da se razumijevanje u čitanju,
03:41
measured by third parties -- not by us -- skyrockets.
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što je mjerila treća strana, ne mi, nevjerojatno poboljšalo.
03:45
Probably the most important thing we see
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Vjerojatno najvažnija stvar koju vidimo
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is children teaching parents.
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jest da djeca poučavaju roditelje.
03:51
They own the laptops. They take them home.
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Oni su vlasnici prijenosnika i nose ih kući.
03:54
And so when I met with three children from the schools,
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Kad sam se sastao s troje djece iz tih škola,
03:57
who had traveled all day to come to Bogota,
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koja su putovala cijeli dan da bi došla u Bogotu,
04:01
one of the three children brought her mother.
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jedna je djevojčica dovela svoju majku.
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And the reason she brought her mother
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A razlog zašto je dovela svoju majku
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is that this six-year-old child
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jest taj da je ta šestogodišnja djevojčica
04:09
had been teaching her mother
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učila svoju majku
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how to read and write.
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čitati i pisati.
04:13
Her mother had not gone to primary school.
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Njena majka nije išla u osnovnu školu.
04:16
And this is such an inversion,
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To je takva inverzija
04:18
and such a wonderful example
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i tako predivan primjer
04:21
of children being the agents of change.
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kako djeca donose promjene.
04:25
So now, in closing, people say,
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Sad, na kraju, ljudi kažu:
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now why laptops?
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"Zašto prijenosna računala?
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Laptops are a luxury; it's like giving them iPods. No.
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Prijenosnici su luksuz, to je kao da im dajete iPod." Ne.
04:32
The reason you want laptops
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Razlog zašto želimo prijenosna računala
04:34
is that the word is education, not laptop.
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jest taj što se tu radi o obrazovanju, ne o prijenosnicima.
04:38
This is an education project, not a laptop project.
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Ovo je obrazovni projekt, ne projekt za prijenosna računala.
04:41
They need to learn learning. And then, just think --
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Morate naučiti učiti. A tada, samo zamislite --
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they can have, let's say, 100 books.
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mogu imati, recimo, 100 knjiga.
04:45
In a village, you have 100 laptops,
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U selu, ako imate 100 prijenosnika,
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each with a different set of 100 books,
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a na svakome imate drugih 100 knjiga,
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and so that village suddenly has 10,000 books.
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znači da to selo odjednom ima 10.000 knjiga.
04:54
You and I didn't have 10,000 books when we went to primary school.
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Vi i ja nismo imali 10.000 knjiga kad smo išli u osnovnu školu.
04:58
Sometimes school is under a tree,
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Ponekad se škola nalazi pod drvetom,
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or in many cases, the teacher has only a fifth-grade education,
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ili, u mnogim slučajevima, učitelj ima završenih samo 5 razreda škole,
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so you need a collaborative model of learning,
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tako da je potreban model suradnje u učenju,
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not just building more schools and training more teachers,
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a ne samo gradnja više škola i obrazovanje više učitelja,
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which you have to do anyway.
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što u svakom slučaju morate činiti.
05:11
So we're once again doing "Give One, Get One."
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Zato smo opet pokrenuli program "Daj jedan, primi jedan".
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Last year, we ran a "Give One, Get One" program,
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Lani smo imali taj program
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and it generated over 100,000 laptops
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i donio je više od 100.000 prijenosnih računala
05:20
that we were then able to give free.
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koje smo uspjeli dati besplatno.
05:23
And by being a zero-dollar laptop,
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A budući da se radi o besplatnim prijenosnicima,
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we can go to countries that can't afford it at all.
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možemo ići u zemlje koje si ih uopće ne mogu priuštiti.
05:28
And that's what we did. We went to Haiti,
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I upravo smo to i učinili. Otišli smo na Haiti,
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we went to Rwanda, Afghanistan,
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bili smo u Ruandi, Afganistanu,
05:33
Ethiopia, Mongolia.
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Etiopiji, Mongoliji.
05:36
Places that are not markets,
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Mjesta koja nemaju tržište,
05:38
seeding it with the principles of
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upoznali smo ih s principima
05:41
saturation, connectivity, low ages, etc.
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zasićenja, povezanosti, manje starosti i tako dalje.
05:44
And then we can actually roll out large numbers.
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I tada stvarno dobivamo velike brojeve.
05:48
So think of it this way:
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Gledajte to ovako:
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think of it as inoculating children
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to je kao cijepljenje djece
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against ignorance.
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protiv neznanja.
05:56
And think of the laptop as a vaccine.
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A prijenosno računalo smatrajte cjepivom.
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You don't vaccinate a few children.
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Ne cijepite samo nekoliko djece.
06:00
You vaccinate all the children in an area.
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Cijepite svu djecu u nekom području.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nicholas Negroponte - Tech visionaryThe founder of the MIT Media Lab, Nicholas Negroponte pushed the edge of the information revolution as an inventor, thinker and angel investor. He's the driving force behind One Laptop per Child, building computers for children in the developing world.
Why you should listen
A pioneer in the field of computer-aided design, Negroponte founded (and was the first director of) MIT's Media Lab, which helped drive the multimedia revolution and now houses more than 500 researchers and staff across a broad range of disciplines. An original investor in Wired (and the magazine's "patron saint"), for five years he penned a column exploring the frontiers of technology -- ideas that he expanded into his 1995 best-selling book Being Digital. An angel investor extraordinaire, he's funded more than 40 startups, and served on the boards of companies such as Motorola and Ambient Devices.
But his latest effort, the One Laptop per Child project, may prove his most ambitious. The organization is designing, manufacturing and distributing low-cost, wireless Internet-enabled computers costing roughly $100 and aimed at children. Negroponte hopes to put millions of these devices in the hands of children in the developing world.
Nicholas Negroponte | Speaker | TED.com