TED2009
Kamal Meattle: How to grow fresh air
Kamal Meattle om hvordan du kan gro din egen friskluft
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Forsker Kamal Meattle viser hvordan et arrangement av tre vanlige husplanter, brukt i spesifikke plasser i et hjem eller en kontorbygning, kan resultere i renere inneluft.
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activist
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Some 17 years ago, I became allergic to Delhi's air.
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For 17 år siden, ble jeg allergisk til Delhis luft.
00:17
My doctors told me that my lung capacity
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Legene mine fortalte meg at min lungekapasitet
00:20
had gone down to 70 percent,
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hadde gått ned til 70%,
00:22
and it was killing me.
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og at det var i ferd med å ta livet av meg.
00:23
With the help of IIT,
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Ved hjelp av IIT,
00:26
TERI, and learnings from NASA,
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TERI og lærdommer fra NASA,
00:28
we discovered that there are three
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oppdaget vi at det er tre
00:31
basic green plants,
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elementære grønne planter,
00:33
common green plants, with which
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vanlige grønne planter, som
00:35
we can grow all the fresh air
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vi kan bruke til å gro all den friskluften
00:36
we need indoors to keep us healthy.
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vi trenger innendørs, for å holde oss friske.
00:39
We've also found that you can
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Vi har også funnet ut at du kan
00:41
reduce the fresh air requirements
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redusere friskluft behovet
00:43
into the building, while maintaining
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til bygningen, samtidig som du beholder
00:45
industry indoor air-quality standards.
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industriens kvalitetsstandard for inneluft.
00:48
The three plants are Areca palm,
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De tre plantene er Arekapalme,
00:50
Mother-in-Law's Tongue and money plant.
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Svigermorstunge og Pengeplante.
00:54
The botanical names are in front of you.
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De botaniske navnene er foran dere.
00:58
Areca palm is a plant which
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Arekapalmen er en plante som
01:00
removes CO2 and converts it into oxygen.
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fjerner CO2 og omgjør det til oksygen.
01:04
We need four shoulder-high plants per person,
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Vi trenger fire skulder-høye planter per person,
01:08
and in terms of plant care,
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og i forhold til plantestell.
01:10
we need to wipe the leaves
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må vi tørke bladene
01:11
every day in Delhi, and perhaps
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hver dag i Delhi, og kanskje
01:13
once a week in cleaner-air cities.
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ukentlig i en by med renere luft.
01:15
We had to grow them in vermi manure,
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Vi måtte gro dem i mark-kompost,
01:18
which is sterile, or hydroponics,
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som er steril, eller ved hjelp av hydroponi,
01:21
and take them outdoors every three to four months.
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og ta de med utendørs hver 3-4 måneder.
01:25
The second plant is Mother-in-law's Tongue,
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Den andre planten er Svigermorstunge,
01:28
which is again a very common plant,
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som igjen er en vanlig plante,
01:30
and we call it a bedroom plant,
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og vi kaller den en soveromsplante,
01:32
because it converts CO2 into oxygen at night.
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fordi den konverterer CO2 til oksygen om natten.
01:35
And we need six to eight waist-high plants per person.
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Og vi trenger seks til åtte hoftehøye planter per person.
01:40
The third plant is money plant,
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Den tredje planten er Pengeplanten,
01:42
and this is again a very common plant;
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og dette er igjen en veldig vanlig plante,
01:45
preferably grows in hydroponics.
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som helst gror i vannkultur (hydroponi).
01:48
And this particular plant removes formaldehydes
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Og denne planten fjerner formalehyder
01:51
and other volatile chemicals.
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og andre ustabile kjemikalier.
01:52
With these three plants,
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Med disse tre plantene,
01:54
you can grow all the fresh air you need.
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kan du gro all den friskluften du trenger.
01:56
In fact, you could be in a bottle
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Du kan faktisk være inne i en flaske
01:58
with a cap on top, and you would not die at all,
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med kork på, og du ville ikke dø i det hele tatt,
02:02
and you would not need any fresh air.
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og du ville ikke trengt noe friskluft.
02:05
We have tried these plants at our
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Vi har prøvd disse plantene på vår
02:07
own building in Delhi, which is a
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egen bygning i Delhi, som er en
02:10
50,000-square-feet, 20-year-old building.
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nesten 5000 kvadratmeter stor, 20 år gammel bygning.
02:13
And it has close to 1,200 such plants for 300 occupants.
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Og den har nesten 1200 slike planter for de 300 arbeiderne.
02:17
Our studies have found that there is
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Våre studier har funnet ut at det er
02:19
a 42 percent probability of one's blood oxygen
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en 42% sannsynlighet for at blodets oksygenmetning
02:23
going up by one percent if one stays indoors
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øker med 1% om man forblir innendørs
02:25
in this building for 10 hours.
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i denne bygningen i 10 timer.
02:28
The government of India has discovered
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Styresmaktene i India har oppdaget
02:31
or published a study to show
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eller publisert en studie som viser
02:33
that this is the healthiest building in New Delhi.
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at dette er den sunneste bygningen i New Delhi.
02:36
And the study showed that,
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Og studien viste at det er en,
02:39
compared to other buildings,
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sammenlignet med andre bygninger,
02:40
there is a reduced incidence of
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reduksjon i tilfellene av
02:42
eye irritation by 52 percent,
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øye-irritasjon med 52%,
02:44
respiratory systems by 34 percent,
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respirasjonssystemet med 34%,
02:48
headaches by 24 percent,
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hodepine med 24%,
02:49
lung impairment by 12 percent and asthma by nine percent.
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lungeproblemer med 12% og astma med 9%.
02:53
And this study has been published on September 8, 2008,
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Og denne studien ble publisert 8.september 2008,
02:57
and it's available on the government of India website.
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og er tilgjengelig på nettsiden til de indiske styresmaktene.
03:00
Our experience points to an
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Vår erfaring tyder på en
03:02
amazing increase in human productivity
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utrolig forbedring i menneskelig produktivitet
03:06
by over 20 percent by using these plants.
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på over 20% ved å bruke disse plantene.
03:09
And also a reduction in energy requirements in buildings
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Og også en reduksjon i energibehovet i bygningen
03:13
by an outstanding 15 percent, because you need less fresh air.
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på hele 15%, fordi vi trenger mindre friskluft.
03:19
We are now replicating this in a
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Vi gjenskaper nå dette i en
03:20
1.75-million-square-feet building,
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nesten 160 000 kvadratmeter stor bygning,
03:23
which will have 60,000 indoor plants.
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som skal ha 60 000 planter.
03:25
Why is this important?
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Hvorfor er dette viktig?
03:27
It is also important for the environment,
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Det er også viktig for miljøet,
03:29
because the world's energy
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fordi verdens energibehov
03:30
requirements are expected to grow
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er forventet å stige
03:32
by 30 percent in the next decade.
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med 30% det neste tiåret.
03:34
40 percent of the world's energy is taken
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40% av verdens energi går til
03:35
up by buildings currently,
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bygninger per i dag,
03:37
and 60 percent of the world's population
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og 60% av verdens befolkning
03:39
will be living in buildings in cities
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vil leve i bygninger i byer
03:42
with a population of over one million in the next 15 years.
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med innbyggertall på over en million i de neste 15 årene.
03:46
And there is a growing preference for living
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Og det er en økende preferanse for å leve
03:48
and working in air-conditioned places.
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og jobbe i luftkondisjonerte plasser.
03:52
"Be the change you want to see in the world,"
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"Vær forandringen du vil se i verden,"
03:54
said Mahatma Gandhi.
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sa Mahatma Gandhi.
03:55
And thank you for listening.
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Og takk for at dere hørte på.
03:56
(Applause)
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(Applaus)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activistWith its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air.
Why you should listen
Kamal Meattle has a vision to reshape commercial building in India using principles of green architecture and sustainable upkeep (including an air-cleaning system that involves massive banks of plants instead of massive banks of HVAC equipment). He started the Paharpur Business Centre and Software Technology Incubator Park (PBC-STIP), in New Delhi, in 1990 to provide "instant office" space to technology companies. PBC-STIP's website publishes its air quality index every day, and tracks its compliance to the 10 principles of the UN Global Compact, a corporate-citizenship initiative.
Meattle has long been a environmental activist in India. In the 1980s he helped India's apple industry develop less-wasteful packaging to help save acres of trees. He then began a campaign to help India's millions of scooter drivers use less oil. His next plan is to develop a larger version of PBC-STIP, making a green office accessible to more businesses in New Delhi and serving as an example of low-cost, low-energy office life.
Kamal Meattle | Speaker | TED.com