TEDGlobal 2012
Ruby Wax: What's so funny about mental illness?
Ruby Wax: Čo je také vtipné na duševných chorobách?
Filmed:
Readability: 3.1
2,813,839 views
Choroby teľa zožínajú sympatie, vraví komediantka Ruby Wax -- okrem chorôb mozgu. Prečo je to tak? S osviežujúcou energiou a humorom, nás Wax-ová, pred desiatimi rokmi diagnostikovaná klinickou depresiou, núti ukončiť stigmatizáciu duševných chorôb.
Ruby Wax - Comedian and Mental Health Activist
Ruby Wax is a loud, funny woman -- who spent much of her comedy career battling depression in silence. Now her work blends mental health advocacy and laughs. Full bio
Ruby Wax is a loud, funny woman -- who spent much of her comedy career battling depression in silence. Now her work blends mental health advocacy and laughs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
One in four people suffer from some sort of mental illness,
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Každý štvrtý človek trpí nejakým druhom duševnej choroby,
00:19
so if it was one, two, three, four, it's you, sir.
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takže ak tu máme jeden, dva, tri, štyri, ste to vy, pane.
00:24
You. Yeah. (Laughter)
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Vy. Áno. (Smiech)
00:25
With the weird teeth. And you next to him. (Laughter)
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S tými čudnými zubami. A vy hneď vedľa neho. (Smiech)
00:29
You know who you are.
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Veď vy viete koho myslím.
00:30
Actually, that whole row isn't right. (Laughter)
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Vlastne, celá táto rada nieje v poriadku. (Smiech)
00:32
That's not good. Hi. Yeah. Real bad. Don't even look at me. (Laughter)
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To nie je moc dobré. Ahoj. Hej. Dosť zlé. Ani sa na mňa nepozerajte. (Smiech)
00:37
I am one of the one in four. Thank you.
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Ja som tou jednou zo štyroch. Ďakujem.
00:42
I think I inherit it from my mother, who,
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Myslím, že som to zdedila po mojej matke,
00:45
used to crawl around the house on all fours.
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ktorá zvykla liezť po dome po štyroch.
00:48
She had two sponges in her hand, and then she had two
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Držala dve špongie v rukách a dve mala
00:51
tied to her knees. My mother was completely absorbent. (Laughter)
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uviazané na kolenách. Moja mama bola úplne pohlcujúca. (Smiech)
00:56
And she would crawl around behind me going,
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A takto vždy liezla za mnou vraviac:
00:58
"Who brings footprints into a building?!"
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"Kto nosí tie stopy do budovy?!"
01:02
So that was kind of a clue that things weren't right.
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Takže to mi trochu napovedalo, že niečo nie je v poriadku.
01:04
So before I start, I would like to thank
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Takže než začnem, chcela by som poďakovať
01:09
the makers of Lamotrigine, Sertraline, and Reboxetine,
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výrobcom Lamotriginu, Sertralinu a Reboxetinu,
01:14
because without those few simple chemicals, I would not be vertical today.
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pretože bez týchto pár jednoduchých chemikálií, by som tu dnes nestála.
01:19
So how did it start?
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Takže, ako to začalo?
01:24
My mental illness -- well, I'm not even going to talk about my mental illness.
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Moja duševná choroba -- teda, nebudem hovoriť o mojej duševnej chorobe.
01:28
What am I going to talk about? Okay.
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O čom budem hovoriť? Okej.
01:30
I always dreamt that, when I had my final breakdown,
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Vždy som snívala o tom, že keď sa nervovo zrútim,
01:34
it would be because I had a deep Kafkaesque
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bude to preto, lebo som dospela k hlbokému Kafkovskému
01:37
existentialist revelation,
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existenciálnemu zisteniu,
01:39
or that maybe Cate Blanchett would play me and she would win an Oscar for it. (Laughter)
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alebo napríklad, že by ma hrala Cate Blanchett vo filme a za túto úlohu by dostala Oscara. (Smiech)
01:44
But that's not what happened. I had my breakdown
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Ale to sa nestalo. Ja som sa zrútila
01:47
during my daughter's sports day.
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počas športového dňa mojej dcéry.
01:49
There were all the parents sitting in a parking lot
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Všetci rodičia tam sedeli na parkovisku,
01:53
eating food out of the back of their car -- only the English --
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jedli jedlo z kufrov ich áut -- len Angličania --
01:57
eating their sausages. They loved their sausages. (Laughter)
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jedli párky. Tí milujú tie svoje párky. (Smiech)
02:03
Lord and Lady Rigor Mortis were nibbling on the tarmac,
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Lord a Lady "Posmrtná Stuhlosť" sa pásli na ceste,
02:07
and then the gun went off and all the girlies started running,
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a potom sa vystrelilo z pištole a všetky tie dievčence začali utekať,
02:10
and all the mummies went, "Run! Run Chlamydia! Run!" (Laughter)
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a všetky mamičky začali kričať: "Bež! Bež Chlamýdia! Bež!" (Smiech)
02:15
"Run like the wind, Veruca! Run!"
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"Bež ako víchor, Veruca! Bež!"
02:19
And all the girlies, girlies running, running, running,
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A tak tie dievčence bežali, bežali, bežali,
02:21
everybody except for my daughter, who was just standing
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všetky okrem mojej dcéry, ktorá len stála
02:24
at the starting line, just waving,
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na štartovacej čiare, a kývala,
02:27
because she didn't know she was supposed to run.
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pretože nevedela, že má bežať.
02:30
So I took to my bed for about a month, and when I woke up
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A tak som sa uložila do postele asi na mesiac, a keď som sa prebudila,
02:34
I found I was institutionalized, and when I saw the other inmates,
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zistila som, že som bola hospitalizovaná, a keď som uvidela ostatných pacientov,
02:38
I realized that I had found my people, my tribe. (Laughter)
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uvedomila som si, že som konečne našla svojich ľudí, môj kmeň. (Smiech)
02:43
Because they became my only friends, they became my friends,
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Pretože sa stali mojimi jedinými priateľmi, stali sa mojimi priateľmi,
02:46
because very few people that I knew -- Well, I wasn't
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pretože veľmi málo ľudí, ktorých som poznala -- no, nechodilo mi
02:49
sent a lot of cards or flowers. I mean, if I had had a broken leg
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moc pohľadníc alebo kvetov. Teda, keby som mala zlomenú nohu,
02:53
or I was with child I would have been inundated,
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alebo čakala dieťa, bola by som nimi zaplavená,
02:55
but all I got was a couple phone calls telling me to perk up.
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ale takto som dostala len pár telefonátov s radou, aby som trochu ožila.
02:59
Perk up.
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Ožila.
03:00
Because I didn't think of that. (Laughter)
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Pretože to ma nenapadlo. (Smiech)
03:05
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(Smiech) (Potlesk)
03:08
Because, you know, the one thing, one thing that you get with this disease,
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Lebo, viete, jediná vec, jediná vec, ktorú dostanete k tejto chorobe,
03:13
this one comes with a package, is you get a real sense of shame,
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priamo v balíku, dostanete skutočný pocit hanby,
03:16
because your friends go, "Oh come on, show me the lump,
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pretože vaši kamaráti prídu a vravia: "No tak, ukáž mi tú hrču,
03:19
show me the x-rays," and of course you've got nothing to show,
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ukáž mi röntgen," a samozrejme, vy im nemáte čo ukázať,
03:21
so you're, like, really disgusted with yourself because you're thinking,
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takže ste dosť znechutení sami sebou, pretože si myslíte:
03:24
"I'm not being carpet-bombed. I don't live in a township."
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"Hádam nie som plošne bombardovaná. Nežijem predsa v osade."
03:27
So you start to hear these abusive voices, but you don't hear one abusive voice,
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Tak začnete počuť tie hrozné hlasy, a to nieje jeden hlas,
03:31
you hear about a thousand -- 100,000 abusive voices,
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počujete ich tisíce, státisíce urážlivých hlasov,
03:33
like if the Devil had Tourette's, that's what it would sound like.
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ako keby mal Diabol Tourettov syndróm, tak nejak by to znelo.
03:37
But we all know in here, you know, there is no Devil,
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Ale my tu všetci vieme, že žiadny Diabol nie je,
03:40
there are no voices in your head.
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a že žiadne hlasy v hlave nemôžu byť.
03:42
You know that when you have those abusive voices,
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Viete, keď počujete tieto hlasy,
03:44
all those little neurons get together and in that little gap
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všetky tie malé neuróny sa zbehnú dokopy a v tej malej medzierke
03:47
you get a real toxic "I want to kill myself" kind of chemical,
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vznikne veľmi toxická "Chcem sa zabiť"- chemikália
03:50
and if you have that over and over again on a loop tape,
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a ak sa vám toto deje stále dookola,
03:53
you might have yourself depression.
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mohli by ste sa dostať do depresie.
03:55
Oh, and that's not even the tip of the iceberg.
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A to nie je ani špička ľadovca.
03:58
If you get a little baby, and you abuse it verbally,
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Ak máte malé bábätko, a slovne mu ubližujete,
04:01
its little brain sends out chemicals that are so destructive
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jeho malý mozog vyšle chemikálie, ktoré sú tak deštruktívne,
04:05
that the little part of its brain that can tell good from bad just doesn't grow,
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že tá malá časť jeho mozgu, ktorá vie rozlíšiť dobré od zlého proste nerastie,
04:09
so you might have yourself a homegrown psychotic.
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a tak si môžete vychovať vlastného psychopata.
04:12
If a soldier sees his friend blown up, his brain goes into
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Ak vojak uvidí svojho kamaráta vybuchnúť, jeho mozog sa dostane
04:15
such high alarm that he can't actually put the experience into words,
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do takého poplachového stavu, že nebude môcť túto skúsenosť ani vyjadriť,
04:19
so he just feels the horror over and over again.
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a tak len prežíva ten horor znovu a znovu.
04:22
So here's my question. My question is, how come
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Takže toto je moja otázka. Moja otázka znie, ako to,
04:24
when people have mental damage, it's always an active imagination?
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že keď sa ľudia majú duševné choroby, je to vždy len silná predstavivosť?
04:28
How come every other organ in your body can get sick
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Ako to, že každý orgán vo vašom tele môže ochorieť,
04:31
and you get sympathy, except the brain?
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a vy si tým získate sympatie, s výnimkou mozgu?
04:34
I'd like to talk a little bit more about the brain,
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Chcela by som hovoriť trochu viac o mozgu,
04:37
because I know you like that here at TED,
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pretože viem, že to máte radi, tu na TED-e,
04:39
so if you just give me a minute here, okay.
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takže mi dajte minútu, dobre.
04:42
Okay, let me just say, there's some good news.
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Dobre, dovoľte mi povedať, mám aj dobré správy.
04:44
There is some good news. First of all, let me say,
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Mám aj dobré správy. Po prvé, dovoľte mi povedať,
04:47
we've come a long, long way.
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že už sme prešli hodný kus cesty.
04:50
We started off as a teeny, teeny little one-celled amoeba,
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Začínali sme ako malinké, malinké jednobunečné améby,
04:54
tiny, just sticking onto a rock, and now, voila, the brain.
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malinké, pricucnuté na nejakej skale, a zrazu, voila, máme mozog.
04:58
Here we go. (Laughter)
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Presne tak. (Smiech)
05:00
This little baby has a lot of horsepower.
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Toto naše malé bábätko má veľa konskej sily.
05:03
It comes completely conscious. It's got state-of-the-art lobes.
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Je úplne vedomý. Má laloky sťa umelecké diela.
05:07
We've got the occipital lobe so we can actually see the world.
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Máme tu záhlavný lalok, vďaka ktorému môžeme vidieť svet okolo.
05:11
We got the temporal lobe so we can actually hear the world.
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Máme spánkové laloky, vďaka ktorým môžeme počuť.
05:13
Here we've got a little bit of long-term memory,
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V tejto časti máme dlhodobú pamäť,
05:15
so, you know that night you want to forget, when you got really drunk? Bye-bye! Gone. (Laughter)
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takže, spomínate si na tú noc, na ktorú ste chceli zabudnúť, vtedy keď ste boli riadne opití? Čau-čau! Už je preč. (Smiech)
05:20
So actually, it's filled with 100 billion neurons
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Takže vlastne obsahuje 100 miliárd neurónov,
05:23
just zizzing away, electrically transmitting information,
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ktoré bzzkajú, elektricky prenášajú informácie,
05:27
zizzing, zizzing. I'm going to give you a little side view here.
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bzzzkajú, bzzkajú. Tu vám dám aj jeden bočný pohľad.
05:29
I don't know if you can get that here. (Laughter)
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Neviem, či to sem viete dostať. (Smiech)
05:33
So, zizzing away, and so — (Laughter) —
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Takže, si bzzkajú, a tak — (Smiech) —
05:37
And for every one — I know, I drew this myself. Thank you.
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A pre každý jeden — ja viem, sama som to nakreslila. Ďakujem.
05:41
For every one single neuron, you can actually have
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Pre každý jeden neurón, môžete v skutočnosti mať
05:44
from 10,000 to 100,000 different connections
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od 10.000 do 100.000 rôznych pripojení
05:48
or dendrites or whatever you want to call it, and every time
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alebo dendritov, akokoľvek to chcete nazvať, a zakaždým, keď sa
05:51
you learn something, or you have an experience,
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niečo naučíte, alebo prežijete určitú skúsenosť,
05:54
that bush grows, you know, that bush of information.
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tento strom rastie, viete, ten strom informácií.
05:56
Can you imagine, every human being is carrying
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Dokážete si predstaviť, každá ľudská bytosť v seme nosí
05:59
that equipment, even Paris Hilton? (Laughter)
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takéto zariadenie, dokonca aj Paris Hilton? (Smiech)
06:04
Go figure.
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Predstavte si.
06:06
But I got a little bad news for you folks. I got some bad news.
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Ale mám trochu zlých správ pre vás, priatelia. Mám aj zlé správy.
06:09
This isn't for the one in four. This is for the four in four.
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Toto neplatí pre toho štvrtého v poradí. To je len pre ostatných.
06:12
We are not equipped for the 21st century.
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Nie sme pripravení na 21. storočie.
06:16
Evolution did not prepare us for this. We just don't have the bandwidth,
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Evolúcia nás na takéto niečo nepripravila. Proste na to nemáme páky,
06:20
and for people who say, oh, they're having a nice day,
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a čo sa týka ľudí, ktorí hovoria: oh, dnes je pekný deň,
06:23
they're perfectly fine, they're more insane than the rest of us.
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majú sa úplne fajn, sú len o trochu viac blázni ako ostatní z nás.
06:26
Because I'll show you where there might be a few glitches
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Pretože ja vám ukážem, kde sa nachádza ten háčik
06:29
in evolution. Okay, let me just explain this to you.
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v evolúcii. Dobre, ja vám to vysvetlím.
06:31
When we were ancient man — (Laughter) —
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Keď sme ešte boli starovekí ľudia — (Smiech) —
06:35
millions of years ago, and we suddenly felt threatened
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pred miliónmi rokov, keď sme sa zrazu ocitli v ohrození
06:39
by a predator, okay? — (Laughter) —
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nejakým predátorom, okej? — (Smiech) —
06:42
we would — Thank you. I drew these myself. (Laughter)
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začali sme — Ďakujem. Kreslila som to sama. (Smiech)
06:45
Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. (Applause)
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Ďakujem Vám veľmi pekne. Ďakujem. Ďakujem. (Potlesk)
06:49
Thank you. Anyway, we would fill up with our own adrenaline
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Ďakujem. Takže, začali sme si tvoriť adrenalín
06:53
and our own cortisol, and then we'd kill or be killed,
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a kortizol, a potom sme zabili, alebo boli zabití,
06:56
we'd eat or we'd be eaten, and then suddenly we'd de-fuel,
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zjedli, alebo boli zjedení, a potom sme tieto látky odbúrali,
06:59
and we'd go back to normal. Okay.
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a vrátili sa naspäť do normálu. V poriadku.
07:01
So the problem is, nowadays, with modern man— (Laughter) —
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Problém je, že v dnešnej dobe, u moderného človeka -(Smiech) —
07:06
when we feel in danger, we still fill up with our own chemical
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keď sa cítime byť v nebezpečenstve, stále tvoríme tieto naše chemikálie,
07:10
but because we can't kill traffic wardens — (Laughter) —
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ale pretože nemôžme zabiť dopravného strážnika — (Smiech) —
07:15
or eat estate agents, the fuel just stays in our body
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alebo zjesť realitných maklérov, tieto látky zostávajú v našom tele
07:19
over and over, so we're in a constant state of alarm,
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znovu a znovu, a tak sme v stave sústavného poplachu
07:22
a constant state. And here's another thing that happened.
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bez prestávky. A tu je ďalšia vec, ktorá sa deje.
07:24
About 150,000 years ago, when language came online,
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Pred asi 150 000 rokmi, keď prišla na svet reč,
07:27
we started to put words to this constant emergency,
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začali sme používať v týchto pohotovostných stavoch určité slová,
07:29
so it wasn't just, "Oh my God, there's a saber-toothed tiger,"
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a nešlo len o "Ó môj Bože, šabľozubý tiger",
07:32
which could be, it was suddenly, "Oh my God, I didn't send the email. Oh my God, my thighs are too fat.
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čo sa kľudne mohlo stať, bolo to zrazu aj "Ó môj Bože, neposlala som e-mail. Ó môj Bože, mám tlsté stehná.
07:36
Oh my God, everybody can see I'm stupid. I didn't get invited to the Christmas party!"
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Ó môj Bože, všetci vedia, aká som hlúpa. Nepozvali ma na Vianočnú párty!
07:40
So you've got this nagging loop tape that goes
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Takže máš v hlave túto buzerujúcu slučku, ktorá ide
07:42
over and over again that drives you insane, so,
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znovu a znovu dookola, až kým ťa to neprivedie do šialenstva, takže
07:45
you see what the problem is? What once made you safe
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už vidíte, kde je problém? To, nás kedysi chránilo,
07:48
now drives you insane.
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nás teraz vháňa do šialenstva.
07:50
I'm sorry to be the bearer of bad news, but somebody has to be.
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Ospravedlňujem sa za to, že nosím zlé správy, ale niekto to robiť musí.
07:53
Your pets are happier than you are. (Laughter)
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Vaše domáce zvieratá sú šťastnejšie ako vy. (Smiech)
07:59
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
08:02
So kitty cat, meow, happy happy happy, human beings, screwed. (Laughter)
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Tak mačička, miau, šťastná šťastná šťastná, a ľudské bytosti, v keli. (Smiech)
08:07
Completely and utterly -- so, screwed.
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Úplne, ale úplne v keli.
08:09
But my point is, if we don't talk about this stuff,
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Ale dôležité je to, že keď o tom nebudeme hovoriť,
08:12
and we don't learn how to deal with our lives, it's not going
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a keď sa nenaučíme naložiť so svojimi vlastnými životmi, tak to nebude
08:14
to be one in four. It's going to be four in four
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len jeden zo štyroch. Budú to štyria zo štyroch
08:16
who are really, really going to get ill in the upstairs department.
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ktorí naozaj, ale naozaj ochorejú tam na hornom poschodí.
08:20
And while we're at it, can we please stop the stigma?
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A keď už sme pri tom, môžeme prosím prestať s tou stigmou?
08:22
Thank you. (Applause)
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Ďakujem. (Potlesk)
08:29
(Applause) Thank you.
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(Potlesk) Ďakujem.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ruby Wax - Comedian and Mental Health ActivistRuby Wax is a loud, funny woman -- who spent much of her comedy career battling depression in silence. Now her work blends mental health advocacy and laughs.
Why you should listen
Winston Churchill called it "the Black Dog" -- a depression that settled over him and drained the flavor from life. Ruby Wax knows the Black Dog well; throughout the '80s and '90s, during a flourishing career as a brash comedian and interviewer in the UK, it trotted at her heels, even while she was interviewing the Duchess of York and sorting through Imelda Marcos' shoes.
After taking a timeout to learn how to manage the condition, Wax produced a stand-up comedy show called "Losing It" that directly addresses her mental health experiences, hilariously but powerfully. And she's started up a new social network called the Black Dog Tribe, which offers a community and support to people with depression. Meanwhile, she's working on her Master's in cognitive therapy.
Also, this year, Ruby was honored as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for her mental health work.
As she says: "I've always said to myself, if you've got a disability, use it." Read our Q&A with Ruby Wax >>
Ruby is also a visiting professor at The University of Surrey.
Ruby Wax | Speaker | TED.com