TEDMED 2014
Jeff Iliff: One more reason to get a good night's sleep
Džef Ilif (Jeff Iliff): Još jedan razlog da se dobro naspavate
Filmed:
Readability: 4.3
5,135,628 views
Mozak koristi četvrtinu enegrije tela, ali čini svega oko dva procenta telesne mase. Kako onda ovaj jedinstven organ prima, i možda još bitnije, uklanja neophodne hranljive materije? Nova istraživanja ukazuju da odgovor možda ima veze sa snom.
Jeff Iliff - Neuroscientist
Jeff Iliff is a neuroscientist who explores the unique functions of the brain. Full bio
Jeff Iliff is a neuroscientist who explores the unique functions of the brain. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Sleep.
0
741
1642
San.
00:14
It's something we spend about
a third of our lives doing,
a third of our lives doing,
1
2383
2821
U njemu provedemo oko trećine života,
00:17
but do any of us really understand what it's all about?
2
5204
3321
ali da li iko razume
o čemu se tu zapravo radi?
o čemu se tu zapravo radi?
00:20
Two thousand years ago, Galen,
3
8525
2215
Galen, jedan od najznačajnijih lekara
00:22
one of the most prominent medical researchers
4
10740
2140
starog veka je pre 2.000 godina
00:25
of the ancient world,
5
12880
1059
pretpostavio da se
00:26
proposed that while we're awake,
6
13939
2319
pokretačka sila našeg mozga,
00:28
our brain's motive force, its juice,
7
16258
3362
njegovo gorivo, dok smo budni
00:31
would flow out to all the other parts of the body,
8
19620
2570
sliva u ostatak tela
00:34
animating them but leaving the brain all dried up,
9
22190
4014
i oživljava ga, ali isušuje mozak,
00:38
and he thought that when we sleep,
10
26204
1616
a dok spavamo,
00:40
all this moisture that filled the rest of the body
11
27820
2538
sva ta vlaga iz ostatka tela
00:42
would come rushing back,
12
30358
1744
se vraća,
00:44
rehydrating the brain
13
32102
1811
vlaži mozak
00:46
and refreshing the mind.
14
33913
2546
i osvežava um.
00:48
Now, that sounds completely ridiculous to us now,
15
36459
2421
Sada nam to zvuči kao budalaština,
00:51
but Galen was simply trying to explain
16
38880
2041
ali to je bio Galenov pokušaj da objasni
00:53
something about sleep
17
40921
1607
jednu od odlika sna
00:54
that we all deal with every day.
18
42528
2657
sa kojom se svakodnevno susrećemo.
00:57
See, we all know based on our own experience
19
45185
1924
Svi iz iskustva znamo
00:59
that when you sleep, it clears your mind,
20
47109
2712
da san bistri um,
01:02
and when you don't sleep,
21
49821
1462
ali u nedostatku sna,
01:03
it leaves your mind murky.
22
51283
2927
on se usporava.
01:06
But while we know a great deal more about sleep now
23
54210
2512
Iako se sad zna mnogo više o snu
01:08
than when Galen was around,
24
56722
1804
nego u Galenovo vreme,
01:10
we still haven't understood why it is that sleep,
25
58526
2880
još uvek ne znamo zbog čega
01:13
of all of our activities, has this incredible
26
61406
2629
od svih aktivnosti, baš san
01:16
restorative function for the mind.
27
64035
2719
tako uspešno obnavlja um.
01:18
So today I want to tell you about
28
66754
1500
Danas ću vam pričati o nekim
01:20
some recent research
29
68254
1356
skorijim istraživanjima
01:21
that may shed new light on this question.
30
69610
2758
koje prikazuju ovo pitanje u novom svetlu.
01:24
We've found that sleep may actually be
31
72368
3205
Otkrili smo da je san
01:27
a kind of elegant design solution
32
75573
2373
možda elegantan odgovor
01:30
to some of the brain's most basic needs,
33
77946
2577
na neke od osnovnih potreba mozga,
01:32
a unique way that the brain
34
80523
1946
jedinstven način na koji mozak
01:34
meets the high demands and the narrow margins
35
82469
2823
sa malo grešaka ispunjava teške zahteve
01:37
that set it apart from all the other organs of the body.
36
85292
4999
i koji ga odvaja od ostalih organa.
01:42
So almost all the biology that we observe
37
90291
3055
Gotovo celokupna biologija
01:45
can be thought of as a series of problems
38
93346
2454
može da se posmatra kao niz problema
01:48
and their corresponding solutions,
39
95800
2041
i odgovarajućih rešenja,
01:50
and the first problem that every organ must solve
40
97841
3480
a prvi problem
koji svaki organ mora da reši
koji svaki organ mora da reši
01:53
is a continuous supply of nutrients to fuel
41
101321
2498
je neprekidna dostava hranljivih materija
01:56
all those cells of the body.
42
103819
1741
koje napajaju ćelije tela.
01:57
In the brain, that is especially critical;
43
105560
2578
Za mozak je to naročito važno;
02:00
its intense electrical activity uses up
44
108138
2217
njegova intenzivna električna aktivnost
02:02
a quarter of the body's entire energy supply,
45
110355
2858
troši četvrtinu energije tela,
02:05
even though the brain accounts
46
113213
1630
iako mozak čini
02:07
for only about two percent of the body's mass.
47
114843
3337
svega dva procenta telesne mase.
02:10
So the circulatory system
48
118180
1612
Zbog toga krvotok rešava
02:11
solves the nutrient delivery problem
49
119792
2431
problem dostave hranljivih materija
02:14
by sending blood vessels to supply nutrients
50
122223
2540
tako što krvnim sudovima šalje
02:16
and oxygen to every corner of our body.
51
124763
3343
hranljive materije
i kiseonik u čitavo telo.
i kiseonik u čitavo telo.
02:20
You can actually see it in this video here.
52
128106
3014
Na ovom snimku se to i vidi.
02:23
Here, we're imaging blood vessels
53
131120
1582
Prikazani su krvni sudovi
02:24
in the brain of a living mouse.
54
132702
2895
u mozgu živog miša.
02:27
The blood vessels form a complex network
55
135597
2520
Krvni sudovi čine složenu mrežu
02:30
that fills the entire brain volume.
56
138117
2348
koja prožima čitavu zapreminu mozga.
02:32
They start at the surface of the brain,
57
140465
1801
Kreću na površini mozga,
02:34
and then they dive down into the tissue itself,
58
142266
2881
a zatim se spuštaju u samo tkivo
02:37
and as they spread out, they supply nutrients
59
145147
2361
i čitavim putem u svaku ćeliju mozga
02:39
and oxygen to each and every cell in the brain.
60
147508
5765
dostavljaju hranljive materije i kiseonik.
02:45
Now, just as every cell requires
61
153276
2970
Kao što svakoj ćeliji
02:48
nutrients to fuel it,
62
156246
1891
trebaju hranljive materije,
02:50
every cell also produces waste as a byproduct,
63
158137
3140
tako i svaka proizvodi otpadne materije,
02:53
and the clearance of that waste
64
161277
1546
a čišćenje tog otpada
02:55
is the second basic problem
65
162823
2267
je drugi problem
02:57
that each organ has to solve.
66
165090
2792
koji svaki organ mora da reši.
03:00
This diagram shows the body's lymphatic system,
67
167882
2583
Ovaj dijagram prikazuje limfni sistem
03:02
which has evolved to meet this need.
68
170465
2430
koji se razvio da bi ispunio tu potrebu.
03:05
It's a second parallel network of vessels
69
172895
2812
Paralelan je u odnosu na krvotok,
03:07
that extends throughout the body.
70
175707
2014
i on prožima čitavo telo.
03:09
It takes up proteins and other waste
71
177721
1957
Sakuplja proteine i ostali otpad
03:11
from the spaces between the cells,
72
179678
1924
iz međućelijskog prostora,
03:13
it collects them, and then dumps them into the blood
73
181602
2812
a zatim ga ubacuje u krv
03:16
so they can be disposed of.
74
184414
2261
kako bi mogao da se odstrani.
03:18
But if you look really closely at this diagram,
75
186675
1789
Ako se ovaj dijagram dobro pogleda,
03:20
you'll see something
76
188464
1394
uočava se nešto
03:22
that doesn't make a lot of sense.
77
189858
2328
što nema smisla.
03:24
So if we were to zoom into this guy's head,
78
192186
2757
Ako mu uvećamo glavu,
03:27
one of the things that you would see there
79
194943
2193
između ostalog se vidi
03:29
is that there are no lymphatic vessels in the brain.
80
197136
4162
da u mozgu nema limfnih sudova.
03:33
But that doesn't make a lot of sense, does it?
81
201298
3094
Ali to baš i nema smisla, zar ne?
03:36
I mean, the brain is this intensely active organ
82
204392
3205
Mozak je ipak vrlo aktivan organ
03:39
that produces a correspondingly
large amount of waste
large amount of waste
83
207597
2565
i shodno tome proizvodi dosta otpada
03:42
that must be efficiently cleared.
84
210162
2577
koji mora da se ukloni.
03:44
And yet, it lacks lymphatic vessels, which means that
85
212739
2962
Ali ipak nema limfne sudove, što znači
03:47
the approach that the rest of the body takes
86
215701
1796
da način na koji ostatak tela
03:49
to clearing away its waste
87
217497
1985
uklanja otpad
03:51
won't work in the brain.
88
219482
3009
kod mozga ne radi.
03:54
So how, then, does the brain solve
89
222491
2048
Kako onda mozak rešava
03:56
its waste clearance problem?
90
224539
1754
problem uklanjanja otpada?
03:58
Well, that seemingly mundane question
91
226293
3689
Kod ovog naizgled običnog pitanja
04:02
is where our group first jumped into this story,
92
229982
3408
se naša grupa prvi put uključila u priču
04:05
and what we found
93
233390
2021
i pronicanjem u mozak,
04:07
as we dove down into the brain,
94
235411
2335
u neurone i krvne sudove
04:09
down among the neurons and the blood vessels,
95
237746
2891
smo otkrili
04:12
was that the brain's solution
96
240637
2183
da mozak
04:15
to the problem of waste clearance,
97
242820
2563
problem uklanjanja otpada
04:17
it was really unexpected.
98
245383
1817
rešava na neočekivan način.
04:19
It was ingenious,
99
247200
2850
Istovremeno je
04:22
but it was also beautiful.
100
250050
3118
i genijalno i prelepo.
04:25
Let me tell you about what we found.
101
253168
1667
Reći ću vam šta smo otkrili.
04:27
So the brain has this large pool
102
254835
2554
U mozgu postoji velika količina
04:29
of clean, clear fluid called cerebrospinal fluid.
103
257389
3461
čiste, prozirne tečnosti
zvane moždano-moždinska tečnost.
zvane moždano-moždinska tečnost.
04:33
We call it the CSF.
104
260850
1319
Zvaćemo je CSF.
04:34
The CSF fills the space that surrounds the brain,
105
262169
3980
CSF ispunjava okolinu mozga,
04:38
and wastes from inside the brain
106
266149
1523
a otpad iz unutrašnjosti mozga
04:39
make their way out to the CSF,
107
267672
2222
prelazi CSF,
04:42
which gets dumped, along with
the waste, into the blood.
the waste, into the blood.
108
269894
3263
i sa ostalim otpadom se ubacuje u krv.
04:45
So in that way, it sounds a lot like
109
273157
1120
U tom pogledu
04:46
the lymphatic system, doesn't it?
110
274277
2592
dosta liči na limfni sistem, zar ne?
04:49
But what's interesting is that the fluid and the waste
111
276869
2756
Zanimljivo je to što tečnost
04:51
from inside the brain,
112
279625
1732
i otpad iz mozga
04:53
they don't just percolate their way randomly
113
281357
2407
ne prelaze
04:55
out to these pools of CSF.
114
283764
2374
u CSF nasumice.
04:58
Instead, there is a specialized network of plumbing
115
286138
3723
Zapravo postoji
specijalizovana mreža sudova
specijalizovana mreža sudova
05:02
that organizes and facilitates this process.
116
289861
3892
koja to omogućava.
05:05
You can see that in these videos.
117
293753
2149
Vidi se na ovom snimku.
05:08
Here, we're again imaging into the brain
118
295902
3038
Tu je ponovo prikazan
05:11
of living mice.
119
298940
1484
mozak živog miša.
05:12
The frame on your left shows
120
300424
1923
Sa leve strane je prikazano
05:14
what's happening at the brain's surface,
121
302347
2059
šta se dešava na površini mozga,
05:16
and the frame on your right shows
122
304406
1564
a sa desne
05:18
what's happening down below the surface of the brain
123
305970
1946
šta se dešava ispod površine,
05:20
within the tissue itself.
124
307916
1723
unutar samog tkiva.
05:21
We've labeled the blood vessels in red,
125
309639
2259
Krvni sudovi su obeleženi crvenom bojom,
05:24
and the CSF that's surrounding the brain
126
311898
2024
a CSF koji okružuje mozak
05:26
will be in green.
127
313922
1823
je zelena.
05:27
Now, what was surprising to us
128
315745
1800
Iznenadilo nas je
05:29
was that the fluid on the outside of the brain,
129
317545
3251
što tečnost koja okružuje mozak
05:32
it didn't stay on the outside.
130
320796
2812
nije ostala van njega.
05:35
Instead, the CSF was pumped back into
131
323608
3403
CSF se ustvari vraćao unutar mozga
05:39
and through the brain
132
327011
1873
i kretao se kroz njega
05:41
along the outsides of the blood vessels,
133
328884
3032
duž spoljne strane krvnih sudova,
05:44
and as it flushed down into the brain
134
331916
2384
i tokom tog kretanja
05:46
along the outsides of these vessels,
135
334300
1800
je zapravo pomagao
05:48
it was actually helping to clear away,
136
336100
2812
u čišćenju otpada
05:51
to clean the waste from the spaces
137
338912
2441
iz prostora između
05:53
between the brain's cells.
138
341353
2846
moždanih ćelija.
05:56
If you think about it,
139
344199
1912
Korišćenje spoljašnjosti
05:58
using the outsides of these blood vessels like this
140
346111
3477
krvnih sudova je
06:01
is a really clever design solution,
141
349588
2519
zapravo veoma dobro rešenje,
06:04
because the brain is enclosed
142
352107
2722
pošto je mozak okružen
06:07
in a rigid skull
143
354829
1823
čvrstom lobanjom
06:08
and it's packed full of cells,
144
356652
2103
i sasvim popunjen ćelijama,
06:10
so there is no extra space inside it
145
358755
2745
tako da u njemu nema prostora
06:13
for a whole second set of vessels
like the lymphatic system.
like the lymphatic system.
146
361500
3600
za dodatnu mrežu sudova
kao što je limfni sistem.
kao što je limfni sistem.
06:17
Yet the blood vessels,
147
365100
1259
Međutim, krvni sudovi
06:18
they extend from the surface of the brain
148
366359
1958
dosežu od površine mozga
06:20
down to reach every single cell in the brain,
149
368317
2609
do svake ćelije,
06:23
which means that fluid
150
370926
1238
što znači da tečnost
06:24
that's traveling along the outsides of these vessels
151
372164
3296
koja se kreće duž njih
06:27
can gain easy access to the entire brain's volume,
152
375460
3800
može da prodre u čitavu zapreminu mozga
06:31
so it's actually this really clever way
153
379260
2184
i to predstavlja veoma dobar način
06:33
to repurpose one set of vessels, the blood vessels,
154
381444
3765
da mreža krvnih sudova
06:37
to take over and replace the function
155
385209
2789
preuzme ulogu druge mreže,
06:40
of a second set of vessels, the lymphatic vessels,
156
387998
3183
limfnog sistema,
06:43
to make it so you don't need them.
157
391181
2411
i učini je nepotrebnom.
06:45
And what's amazing is that no other organ
158
393592
2317
Neverovatno je to da ni jedan drugi organ
06:48
takes quite this approach
159
395909
1641
ne pristupa uklanjanju otpada
06:49
to clearing away the waste from between its cells.
160
397550
3060
na ovakav način.
06:52
This is a solution that is entirely unique to the brain.
161
400610
5820
Ovo rešenje je jedinstveno za mozak.
06:58
But our most surprising finding
162
406430
2268
Ali smo se najviše iznenadili
07:00
was that all of this,
163
408698
2103
kad smo otkrili da se
07:03
everything I just told you about,
164
410801
2350
sve ovo o čemu sam pričao,
07:05
with all this fluid rushing through the brain,
165
413151
3318
tečnosti koje se kreću kroz mozak,
07:08
it's only happening in the sleeping brain.
166
416469
4184
dešava samo dok spavamo.
07:12
Here, the video on the left
167
420653
1450
Snimak sa leve strane
07:14
shows how much of the CSF is moving
168
422103
2261
prikazuje kretanje CSF
07:16
through the brain of a living mouse while it's awake.
169
424364
3606
u mozgu živog miša dok je budan.
07:20
It's almost nothing.
170
427970
1873
Skoro da ga i nema.
07:22
Yet in the same animal,
171
429843
1575
Ali ako malo sačekamo
07:23
if we wait just a little while until it's gone to sleep,
172
431418
3205
da životinja zaspi
07:26
what we see is that the CSF
173
434623
2757
vidimo kako CSF
07:29
is rushing through the brain,
174
437380
2418
teče kroz mozak,
07:31
and we discovered that at the same time
175
439798
2160
a istovremeno se vidi
07:34
when the brain goes to sleep,
176
441958
2612
da se ćelije smanjuju
07:36
the brain cells themselves seem to shrink,
177
444570
2663
dok mozak spava,
07:39
opening up spaces in between them,
178
447233
2037
čime stvaraju međućelijski prostor
07:41
allowing fluid to rush through
179
449270
2137
i omogućavaju da
07:43
and allowing waste to be cleared out.
180
451407
2733
tečnost prođe i ukloni otpad.
07:46
So it seems that Galen may actually have been
181
454140
2514
Izgleda da Galen i nije
07:48
sort of on the right track when he wrote about
182
456654
2256
mnogo pogrešio kad je pisao
07:51
fluid rushing through the brain
183
458910
2700
o tečnosti koja se kreće kroz mozak
07:53
when sleep came on.
184
461610
1642
dok spavamo.
07:55
Our own research, now it's 2,000 years later,
185
463252
3453
Naše istraživanje,
2.000 godina kasnije,
07:58
suggests that what's happening is that
186
466705
2070
08:00
when the brain is awake
187
468775
2059
pokazuje da mozak
08:03
and is at its most busy,
188
470834
2114
odlaže čišćenje otpada
08:05
it puts off clearing away the waste
189
472948
2362
iz međućelijskog prostora
08:07
from the spaces between its cells until later,
190
475310
3071
dok je budan i zauzet,
08:10
and then, when it goes to sleep
191
478381
1859
ali kad zaspi
08:12
and doesn't have to be as busy,
192
480240
2348
i ne mora više da radi,
08:14
it shifts into a kind of cleaning mode
193
482588
2577
počinje da
08:17
to clear away the waste
194
485165
1687
iz međućelijskog prostora
08:19
from the spaces between its cells,
195
486852
1508
čisti otpad
08:20
the waste that's accumulated throughout the day.
196
488360
2417
koji se nagomilao u toku dana.
08:22
So it's actually a little bit like how you or I,
197
490777
2408
Pomalo liči na to
08:25
we put off our household chores during the work week
198
493185
3082
kako odlažemo kućne poslove
tokom radnih dana
tokom radnih dana
08:28
when we don't have time to get to it,
199
496267
1462
jer nemamo vremena,
08:29
and then we play catch up on all
the cleaning that we have to do
the cleaning that we have to do
200
497729
3261
a onda moramo da nadoknadimo
svo to čišćenje
svo to čišćenje
08:33
when the weekend rolls around.
201
500990
2758
u toku vikenda.
08:35
Now, I've just talked a lot about waste clearance,
202
503748
3272
Dosta sam pričao o uklanjanju otpada,
08:39
but I haven't been very specific
203
507020
1452
ali nisam ništa određeno rekao
08:40
about the kinds of waste
204
508472
1394
o vrsti otpada
08:42
that the brain needs to be clearing
205
509866
2295
koji mozak mora da ukloni
08:44
during sleep in order to stay healthy.
206
512161
2543
tokom sna kako bi ostao zdrav.
08:46
The waste product that these recent studies
207
514704
1597
Studije su pre svega posmatrale
08:48
focused most on is amyloid-beta,
208
516301
2418
vrstu otpada zvanu amiloid-beta,
08:50
which is a protein that's made
in the brain all the time.
in the brain all the time.
209
518719
3195
koju čini protein
kog mozak stalno proizvodi.
kog mozak stalno proizvodi.
08:54
My brain's making amyloid-beta right now,
210
521914
1858
Moj mozak ga trenutno prozvodi,
08:55
and so is yours.
211
523772
2158
kao i vaš.
08:58
But in patients with Alzheimer's disease,
212
525930
2002
Kod obolelih od Alchajmerove bolesti
09:00
amyloid-beta builds up and aggregates
213
527932
2599
amiloid-beta se nagomilava
09:02
in the spaces between the brain's cells,
214
530531
2013
u međućelijskom prostoru mozga
09:04
instead of being cleared away
like it's supposed to be,
like it's supposed to be,
215
532544
3426
umesto da se ukloni
kao što bi trebalo,
kao što bi trebalo,
09:08
and it's this buildup of amyloid-beta
216
535970
2010
te se smatra da je ovo nagomilavanje
09:10
that's thought to be one of the key steps
217
537980
2213
amiloid-bete jedan od ključnih koraka
09:12
in the development of that terrible disease.
218
540193
2621
u razvoju ove strašne bolesti.
09:15
So we measured how fast amyloid-beta is cleared
219
542814
3094
Izmerili smo brzinu
uklanjanja amiloid-bete
uklanjanja amiloid-bete
09:18
from the brain when it's awake
220
545908
1732
dok smo budni
09:19
versus when it's asleep,
221
547640
1778
i dok spavamo
09:21
and we found that indeed,
222
549418
1878
i otkrili smo da je
09:23
the clearance of amyloid-beta
223
551296
1890
uklanjanje amiloid-bete zaista
09:25
is much more rapid from the sleeping brain.
224
553186
4519
mnogo brže dok spavamo.
09:29
So if sleep, then,
225
557705
1679
Ukoliko je san
09:31
is part of the brain's solution
226
559384
1958
deo načina na koji mozak
09:33
to the problem of waste clearance,
227
561342
2010
rešava uklanjanje otpada,
09:35
then this may dramatically change how we think
228
563352
2376
to bi moglo znatno da promeni način
09:37
about the relationship between sleep,
229
565728
2235
na koji gledamo odnos između sna,
09:40
amyloid-beta, and Alzheimer's disease.
230
567963
3356
amiloid-bete i Alchajmerove bolesti.
09:43
A series of recent clinical studies
231
571319
1958
Niz nedavnih studija pokazuje
09:45
suggest that among patients
232
573277
1833
da je kod pacijenata
09:47
who haven't yet developed Alzheimer's disease,
233
575110
3094
kod kojih se nije sasvim razvila
Alchajmerova bolest
Alchajmerova bolest
09:50
worsening sleep quality and sleep duration
234
578204
3066
smanjenje kvaliteta i trajanja sna
09:53
are associated with a greater amount
235
581270
2018
povezano sa povećanim nagomilavanjem
09:55
of amyloid-beta building up in the brain,
236
583288
2812
amiloid-bete u mozgu.
09:58
and while it's important to point out
237
586100
1867
Važno je napomenuti da
10:00
that these studies don't prove
238
587967
1710
iako ove studije ne dokazuju
10:01
that lack of sleep or poor sleep
239
589677
2189
da loš san ili njegov nedostatak
10:04
cause Alzheimer's disease,
240
591866
2407
izazivaju Alchajmerovu bolest,
10:06
they do suggest that the failure of the brain
241
594273
2610
ukazuju da nemogućnost mozga
10:09
to keep its house clean
242
596883
1912
da ukloni otpade
10:10
by clearing away waste like amyloid-beta
243
598795
2756
poput amiloid-bete
10:13
may contribute to the development
244
601551
1902
može da doprinese razvoju
10:15
of conditions like Alzheimer's.
245
603453
3617
bolesti kao što je Alchajmerova.
10:19
So what this new research tells us, then,
246
607070
1905
Ova istraživanja nam pokazuju
10:21
is that the one thing that all of you
247
608975
2327
da ono što svi
10:23
already knew about sleep,
248
611302
1408
znamo o snu,
10:24
that even Galen understood about sleep,
249
612710
2653
što je i Galen znao,
10:27
that it refreshes and clears the mind,
250
615363
3071
da sam osvežava i bistri um,
10:30
may actually be a big part
251
618434
1541
može biti značajan deo
10:32
of what sleep is all about.
252
619975
2317
same suštine sna.
10:34
See, you and I, we go to sleep
253
622292
1518
Svake noći
10:36
every single night,
254
623810
1733
ležemo da spavamo,
10:37
but our brains, they never rest.
255
625543
3003
ali mozak se nikad ne odmara.
10:40
While our body is still
256
628546
1834
Dok je telo nepomično,
10:42
and our mind is off walking in dreams somewhere,
257
630380
3071
a um je negde u zemlji snova,
10:45
the elegant machinery of the brain
258
633451
1676
elegantni mehanizam mozga
10:47
is quietly hard at work
259
635127
1980
neprimetno radi
10:49
cleaning and maintaining
260
637107
2193
na čišćenju i održavanju
10:51
this unimaginably complex machine.
261
639300
2835
ove nezamislivo složene mašine.
10:54
Like our housework,
262
642135
1041
Poput čišćenja kuće,
10:55
it's a dirty and a thankless job,
263
643176
2749
to je prljav i nezahvalan posao,
10:58
but it's also important.
264
645925
2255
ali i vrlo važan.
11:00
In your house, if you stop cleaning your kitchen
265
648180
2403
Ako mesec dana ne čistite kuhinju
11:02
for a month,
266
650583
1908
svoje kuće,
11:04
your home will become completely unlivable
267
652491
2439
veoma brzo u kući neće moći
11:07
very quickly.
268
654930
1607
da se živi.
11:08
But in the brain, the consequences
269
656537
2088
Što se mozga tiče, posledice
11:10
of falling behind may be much greater
270
658625
2931
nemara mogu biti mnogo ozbiljnije
11:13
than the embarrassment of dirty countertops,
271
661556
2728
od sramote zbog prljavih pultova,
11:16
because when it comes to cleaning the brain,
272
664284
2564
jer je kod čišćenja mozga
11:19
it is the very health and function
273
666848
2376
u igri samo zdravlje
11:21
of the mind and the body that's at stake,
274
669224
2945
i rad uma i tela,
11:24
which is why understanding these
275
672169
2241
i zbog toga je od ključne važnosti
11:26
very basic housekeeping functions of the brain today
276
674410
4272
za sprečavanje i lečenje
budućih bolesti uma
budućih bolesti uma
11:30
may be critical for preventing and treating
277
678682
2993
razumevanje ovih osnovnih funkcija
11:33
diseases of the mind tomorrow.
278
681675
3028
održavanja mozga.
11:36
Thank you.
279
684703
2048
Hvala vam.
11:38
(Applause)
280
686751
1767
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jeff Iliff - NeuroscientistJeff Iliff is a neuroscientist who explores the unique functions of the brain.
Why you should listen
Neuroscientist Jeff Iliff 's research follows two main paths. The first is the exploration of how the brain’s support cells, called glia, contribute to maintaining the proper environment for neuronal function and how their failure in conditions like vascular dementia, stroke, and traumatic brain injury leads to neurodegeneration. The second seeks to define the basic cellular mechanisms by which brain blood flow is coordinated up and down the vascular tree. Now an Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University, Jeff was a part of a University of Rochester Medical Center team that discovered a brain cleansing system, which they dubbed the “glymphatic system.”
More profile about the speakerJeff Iliff | Speaker | TED.com