TED2014
Ziauddin Yousafzai: My daughter, Malala
Ziauddin Yousafzai: Moja kćerka, Malala
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Pakistanski odgajatelj Ziauddin Yousafzai podsjeća svijet na jednostavnu istinu koju mnogi ne žele čuti: Žene i muškarci zaslužuju jednake mogućnosti za obrazovanje, autonomiju i nezavisni identitet. Govori priče iz sopstvenog života i života svoje kćerke, Malale, u koju su 2012 godine pucali Talibani samo zato što se usudila ići u školu. "Zašto je moja kćerka tako jaka?" pita Yousafzai. "Jer joj nisam potkresao krila".
Ziauddin Yousafzai - Education activist
Despite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world. Full bio
Despite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
U mnogim patrijarhalnim
i plemenskim društvima
i plemenskim društvima
00:13
In many patriarchal societies and tribal societies,
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očevi su obično poznati po svojim sinovima,
00:17
fathers are usually known by their sons,
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00:22
but I'm one of the few fathers
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ali ja sam jedan od rijetkih očeva
00:25
who is known by his daughter,
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koji je poznat po svojoj kćerci
00:27
and I am proud of it.
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i ponosim se time.
00:29
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
00:35
Malala started her campaign for education
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Malala je pokrenula svoju kampanju za obrazovanje
00:38
and stood for her rights in 2007,
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i zauzela se za svoja prava 2007. godine,
00:41
and when her efforts were honored in 2011,
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a kada su njeni napori nagrađeni 2011,
00:46
and she was given the national youth peace prize,
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i kada joj je dodijeljena nacionalna omladinska nagrada za mir,
00:49
and she became a very famous,
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i kada je postala jako poznata,
00:51
very popular young girl of her country.
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jako popularna mlada djevojka u svojoj zemlji;
00:55
Before that, she was my daughter,
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prije toga, bila je moja kćerka,
00:58
but now I am her father.
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a sada sam ja njen otac.
01:02
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Dame i gospodo,
01:04
if we glance to human history,
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ako se samo osvrnemo na ljudsku historiju,
01:07
the story of women
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priča o ženama
01:10
is the story of injustice,
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je priča o nepravdi,
01:13
inequality,
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nejednakosti
01:15
violence and exploitation.
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nasilju i eksploataciji.
01:21
You see,
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Vidite,
01:23
in patriarchal societies,
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u patrijarhalnim društvima,
01:27
right from the very beginning,
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od samog početka,
01:29
when a girl is born,
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kada se rodi djevojčica,
01:32
her birth is not celebrated.
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njeno rođenje se ne slavi.
01:36
She is not welcomed,
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Njoj se ne raduju
01:39
neither by father nor by mother.
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ni otac, ni majka.
01:41
The neighborhood comes
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Komšiluk dolazi
01:43
and commiserates with the mother,
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i suosjeća s majkom,
01:46
and nobody congratulates the father.
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a ocu niko ne čestita.
01:51
And a mother is very uncomfortable
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A majci je neugodno
01:55
for having a girl child.
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što je rodila djevojčicu.
01:59
When she gives birth to the first girl child,
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Kada rodi prvu djevojčicu,
02:03
first daughter, she is sad.
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prvu kćerku, tužna je.
02:07
When she gives birth to the second daughter,
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Kada poslije prve rodi i drugu kćerku,
02:10
she is shocked,
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šokirana je,
02:12
and in the expectation of a son,
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a u očekivanju sina,
02:16
when she gives birth to a third daughter,
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kada rodi treću kćerku,
02:19
she feels guilty like a criminal.
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osjeća se krivom kao kriminalac.
02:24
Not only the mother suffers,
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Ne pati samo majka,
02:27
but the daughter, the newly born daughter,
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već i kćerka, novorođena kćerka,
02:30
when she grows old,
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kada odraste
02:32
she suffers too.
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također pati.
02:34
At the age of five,
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Kada napuni pet godina,
02:36
while she should be going to school,
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kada bi trebala krenuti u školu,
02:39
she stays at home
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ona ostaje kod kuće
02:41
and her brothers are admitted in a school.
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dok su njena braća primljena u školu.
02:46
Until the age of 12, somehow,
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Do 12-e godine, nekako,
02:48
she has a good life.
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ima dobar život.
02:51
She can have fun.
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Može se zabavljati.
02:53
She can play with her friends in the streets,
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Može se igrati sa svojim prijateljima na ulici,
02:56
and she can move around in the streets
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i može se kretati ulicama,
02:58
like a butterfly.
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kao leptir.
03:01
But when she enters her teens,
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Ali kada uđe u pubertet,
03:05
when she becomes 13 years old,
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kada napuni 13 godina,
03:07
she is forbidden to go out of her home
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zabranjeno joj je da izađe iz kuće
03:10
without a male escort.
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bez muške pratnje.
03:14
She is confined under the four walls of her home.
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Zatočena je unutar četiri zida svog doma.
03:19
She is no more a free individual.
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Ona više nije slobodna individua.
03:25
She becomes the so-called honor
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Ona postaje takozvana čast
03:28
of her father and of her brothers
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svoga oca i svoje braće
03:30
and of her family,
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i svoje porodice,
03:33
and if she transgresses
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i ako prekrši
03:36
the code of that so-called honor,
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kodeks takozvane časti,
03:39
she could even be killed.
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ubit će je.
03:44
And it is also interesting that this so-called
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Također je interesantno da taj takozvani
03:48
code of honor,
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kodeks časti
03:49
it does not only affect the life of a girl,
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ne pogađa samo život djevojčice,
03:53
it also affects the life
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već pogađa i živote
03:55
of the male members of the family.
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muških članova porodice.
04:00
I know a family of seven sisters and one brother,
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Poznajem obitelj u kojoj je
sedam sestara i jedan brat,
sedam sestara i jedan brat,
04:06
and that one brother,
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i taj jedan brat,
04:08
he has migrated to the Gulf countries,
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emigrirao je u zemlje Zaljeva
04:12
to earn a living for his seven sisters
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da bi mogao zaraditi za život svojih sedam sestara
04:14
and parents,
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i svojih roditelja,
04:17
because he thinks that it will be humiliating
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jer smatra da bi bilo ponižavajuće da
04:23
if his seven sisters learn a skill
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njegovih sedam sestara savladaju vještine
04:25
and they go out of the home
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i izađu iz kuće
04:28
and earn some livelihood.
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i zarade za život.
04:32
So this brother,
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Tako ovaj brat
04:33
he sacrifices the joys of his life
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žrtvuje radosti u sopstvenom životu
04:37
and the happiness of his sisters
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i sreću svojih sestara
04:40
at the altar of so-called honor.
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na oltaru takozvane časti.
04:45
And there is one more norm
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I postoji još jedna norma
04:46
of the patriarchal societies
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patrijarhalnih društava
04:49
that is called obedience.
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koja se zove poslušnost.
04:53
A good girl is supposed to be
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Dobra djevojka treba biti
04:57
very quiet, very humble
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jako tiha, vrlo skromna
05:02
and very submissive.
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i jako ponizna.
05:06
It is the criteria.
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To je kriterij.
05:07
The role model good girl should be very quiet.
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Uzorna djevojka treba biti jako tiha.
05:11
She is supposed to be silent
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Od nje se očekuje da šuti
05:14
and she is supposed to accept the decisions
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i od nje se očekuje da prihvati odluke
05:17
of her father and mother
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svog oca i svoje majke
05:19
and the decisions of elders,
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i odluke starijih,
05:22
even if she does not like them.
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čak i ako joj se to ne sviđa.
05:25
If she is married to a man she doesn't like
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Ako je udaju za muškarca koji joj se ne sviđa
05:28
or if she is married to an old man,
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ili je udaju za starca,
05:31
she has to accept,
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ona to mora prihvatiti,
05:32
because she does not want to be dubbed
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jer ne želi da je proglase
05:35
as disobedient.
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neposlušnom.
05:37
If she is married very early,
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Ako je jako rano udaju,
05:39
she has to accept.
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ona to mora prihvatiti.
05:40
Otherwise, she will be called disobedient.
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U suprotnom će je proglasiti neposlušnom.
05:44
And what happens at the end?
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I šta se na kraju dešava?
05:47
In the words of a poetess,
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Riječima pjesnikinje,
05:49
she is wedded, bedded,
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udata je, stavljena u krevet
05:52
and then she gives birth
to more sons and daughters.
to more sons and daughters.
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i rađa nove sinove i kćeri.
05:57
And it is the irony of the situation
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A ironija u svemu je
06:00
that this mother,
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što ta majka
06:02
she teaches the same lesson of obedience
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podučava istoj lekciji poslušnosti
06:05
to her daughter
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svoju kćerku
06:06
and the same lesson of honor to her sons.
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i istoj lekciji časti svoje sinove.
06:11
And this vicious cycle goes on, goes on.
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I strašni krug se nastavlja i nastavlja.
06:17
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Dame i gospodo,
06:20
this plight of millions of women
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teškoće miliona žena
06:23
could be changed
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mogu prestati
06:26
if we think differently,
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ako bismo drugačije razmišljali,
06:28
if women and men think differently,
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ako bi i muškarci i žene drugačije razmišljali,
06:32
if men and women in the
tribal and patriarchal societies
tribal and patriarchal societies
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ako bi i muškarci i žene u plemenskim i patrijarhalnim društvima
06:37
in the developing countries,
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u zemljama u razvoju,
06:39
if they can break a few norms
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prekršili poneku normu
06:42
of family and society,
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porodice ili društva;
06:46
if they can abolish the discriminatory laws
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ako bi ukinuli diskriminatorne zakone
06:52
of the systems in their states,
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sistema u njihovim državama,
06:54
which go against the basic human rights
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koji su protivni osnovnim ljudskim pravima
06:56
of the women.
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žena.
07:00
Dear brothers and sisters, when Malala was born,
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Draga braćo i sestre, kada je Malala rođena,
07:05
and for the first time,
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po prvi put,
07:08
believe me,
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vjerujte mi,
07:09
I don't like newborn children, to be honest,
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moram biti iskren, ne volim novorođenčad,
07:14
but when I went and I looked into her eyes,
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ali kada sam otišao i pogledao u njene oči,
07:18
believe me,
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vjerujte mi,
07:20
I got extremely honored.
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bio sam izuzetno počastvovan.
07:24
And long before she was born,
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A dugo prije njenog rođenja
07:26
I thought about her name,
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sam razmišljao o njenom imenu
07:29
and I was fascinated with a heroic
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i bio fasciniran herojskim,
07:32
legendary freedom fighter in Afghanistan.
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legendarnim borcem za slobodu u Afganistanu.
07:36
Her name was Malalai of Maiwand,
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Njeno ime je bilo Malalai od Maiwanda
07:41
and I named my daughter after her.
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i po njoj sam nazvao svoju kćer.
07:45
A few days after Malala was born,
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Nekoliko dana nakon Malalinog rođenja,
07:48
my daughter was born,
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nakon rođenja moje kćerke,
07:50
my cousin came --
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došao je moj rođak -
07:52
and it was a coincidence --
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i to je bila slučajnost -
07:54
he came to my home
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došao je u moj dom
07:56
and he brought a family tree,
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i donio porodično stablo,
07:59
a family tree of the Yousafzai family,
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porodično stablo familije Yousafzai,
08:03
and when I looked at the family tree,
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i kada sam pogledao to porodično stablo,
08:05
it traced back to 300 years of our ancestors.
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pratilo je 300 godina naših predaka.
08:11
But when I looked, all were men,
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Ali, kada sam pogledao, svi su bili muškarci.
08:16
and I picked my pen,
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Uzeo sam olovku,
08:18
drew a line from my name,
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povukao liniju od mog imena
08:20
and wrote, "Malala."
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i upisao "Malala".
08:25
And when she grow old,
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I kada je porasla,
08:28
when she was four and a half years old,
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kada je imala četiri i po godine,
08:31
I admitted her in my school.
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upisao sam je u moju školu.
08:35
You will be asking, then, why should I mention about
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Zapitat ćete se zašto spominjem
08:38
the admission of a girl in a school?
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upis djevojčice u školu?
08:40
Yes, I must mention it.
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Da, moram to spomenuti.
08:42
It may be taken for granted in Canada,
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To se možda uzima zdravo za gotovo u Kanadi,
08:46
in America, in many developed countries,
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u Americi, u mnogim razvijenim zemljama,
08:49
but in poor countries,
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ali u siromašnim zemljama,
08:52
in patriarchal societies, in tribal societies,
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u patrijarhalnim društvima, u plemenskim društvima,
08:55
it's a big event for the life of girl.
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to je veliki događaj u životu djevojčice.
08:59
Enrollment in a school means
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Upis u školu znači
09:03
recognition of her identity and her name.
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prepoznavanje njenog identiteta i njenog imena.
09:08
Admission in a school means
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Prijem u školu znači
09:10
that she has entered the world of dreams
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da je ušla u svijet snova
09:14
and aspirations
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i nadanja
09:15
where she can explore her potentials
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u kojem može istraživati svoje mogućnosti
09:19
for her future life.
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za svoj budući život.
09:22
I have five sisters,
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Ja imam pet sestara,
09:24
and none of them could go to school,
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i nijedna od njih nije mogla ići u školu,
09:28
and you will be astonished,
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i, zapanjit će vas,
09:29
two weeks before,
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prije dvije sedmice,
09:33
when I was filling out the Canadian visa form,
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kada sam popunjavao formular za kanadsku vizu,
09:38
and I was filling out the family part of the form,
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ispunjavao sam dio sa podacima o porodici,
09:42
I could not recall
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nisam se mogao sjetiti
09:44
the surnames of some of my sisters.
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prezimena nekih mojih sestara.
09:48
And the reason was
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A razlog za to
09:50
that I have never, never seen the names
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je to što nikada, nikada nisam vidio imena
09:53
of my sisters written on any document.
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mojih sestara napisana na bilo kojem dokumentu.
09:59
That was the reason that
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Iz tog sam razloga
10:02
I valued my daughter.
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cijenio svoju kćerku.
10:06
What my father could not give to my sisters
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Ono što moj otac nije mogao pružiti mojim sestrama,
10:10
and to his daughters,
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svojim kćerkama,
10:12
I thought I must change it.
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ja sam smatrao da moram promijeniti.
10:16
I used to appreciate the intelligence
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Nekad sam cijenio inteligenciju
10:19
and the brilliance of my daughter.
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i brilijantnost moje kćerke.
10:23
I encouraged her to sit with me
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Ohrabrivao sam je da sjedi samnom
10:25
when my friends used to come.
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kada bi dolazili moji prijatelji.
10:27
I encouraged her to go with
me to different meetings.
me to different meetings.
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Ohrabrivao sam je da ide samnom
na različite sastanke.
na različite sastanke.
10:32
And all these good values,
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I sve ove dobre vrijednosti
10:33
I tried to inculcate in her personality.
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sam pokušao ugraditi u njenu ličnost.
10:37
And this was not only she, only Malala.
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I to nije bila samo ona, samo Malala.
10:40
I imparted all these good values
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Pružao sam ove dobre vrijednosti
10:43
to my school, girl students
and boy students as well.
and boy students as well.
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u svojoj školi, jednako i učenicama
i učenicima.
i učenicima.
10:48
I used education for emancipation.
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Obrazovanje sam koristio za emancipaciju.
10:52
I taught my girls,
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Učio sam svoje djevojčice,
10:54
I taught my girl students,
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učio sam svoje učenice,
10:56
to unlearn the lesson of obedience.
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da se oduče od lekcije poslušnosti.
11:01
I taught my boy students
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Učio sam svoje učenike
11:04
to unlearn the lesson of so-called pseudo-honor.
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da se oduče lekcije takozvane pseudo - časti.
11:13
Dear brothers and sisters,
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Draga braćo i sestre,
11:17
we were striving for more rights for women,
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težili smo većim pravima za žene,
11:22
and we were struggling to have more,
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i borili se da dobijemo više,
11:25
more and more space for the women in society.
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više i više prostora za žene u društvu.
11:30
But we came across a new phenomenon.
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Ali smo naišli na novi fenomen.
11:33
It was lethal to human rights
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To je bilo pogubno za ljudska prava,
11:35
and particularly to women's rights.
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a posebno za prava žena.
11:39
It was called Talibanization.
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To je Talibanizacija.
11:43
It means a complete negation
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To znači potpuno negiranje
11:47
of women's participation
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učešća žena
11:49
in all political, economical and social activities.
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u svim političkim, ekonomskim i
društvenim aktivnostima.
društvenim aktivnostima.
11:56
Hundreds of schools were lost.
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Izgubljeno je stotine škola.
11:59
Girls were prohibited from going to school.
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Djevojčicama je zabranjeno ići u školu.
12:05
Women were forced to wear veils
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Žene su prisiljene da nose velove
12:09
and they were stopped from going to the markets.
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i zabranjeno im je ići na pijace.
12:13
Musicians were silenced,
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Muzičari su ušutkani,
12:15
girls were flogged
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djevojke šibane,
12:17
and singers were killed.
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a pjevači ubijani.
12:21
Millions were suffering,
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Milioni su patili,
12:22
but few spoke,
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ali malo ko je progovorio,
12:26
and it was the most scary thing
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a najstrašnija stvar je,
12:28
when you have all around such people
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kada ste okruženi takvim ljudima,
12:34
who kill and who flog,
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koji ubijaju i šibaju,
12:36
and you speak for your rights.
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zagovarati svoja prava.
12:37
It's really the most scary thing.
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To je zaista zastrašujuća stvar.
12:42
At the age of 10,
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Sa 10 godina,
12:43
Malala stood, and she stood for the right
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Malala je ustala i založila se za pravo
12:48
of education.
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na obrazovanje.
12:50
She wrote a diary for the BBC blog,
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Pisala je dnevnik za BBC blog,
12:55
she volunteered herself
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volontirala je
12:57
for the New York Times documentaries,
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za dokumentarce New York Timesa
13:01
and she spoke from every platform she could.
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i oglašavala se sa svake platforme sa koje je mogla.
13:05
And her voice was the most powerful voice.
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I njen glas je bio najsnažniji.
13:10
It spread like a crescendo all around the world.
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Širio se kao krešendo širom svijeta.
13:16
And that was the reason the Taliban
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I to je bio razlog zašto Talibani
13:18
could not tolerate her campaign,
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nisu mogli tolerisati njenu kampanju;
13:22
and on October 9 2012,
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9. oktobra 2012,
13:25
she was shot in the head at point blank range.
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njoj su iz blizine pucali u glavu.
13:31
It was a doomsday for my family and for me.
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Za mene i moju porodicu, to je bio sudnji dan.
13:35
The world turned into a big black hole.
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Svijet se pretvorio u veliku crnu rupu.
13:41
While my daughter was
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Dok je moja kćerka bila
13:43
on the verge of life and death,
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na ivici života i smrti,
13:46
I whispered into the ears of my wife,
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šapnuo sam svojoj ženi,
13:50
"Should I be blamed for what happened
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"Da li sam ja kriv za ovo što se desilo
13:53
to my daughter and your daughter?"
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mojoj i tvojoj kćerki?"
13:57
And she abruptly told me,
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I presjekla me je,
13:59
"Please don't blame yourself.
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"Molim te, ne krivi sebe.
14:02
You stood for the right cause.
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Zalagao si se za pravu stvar.
14:05
You put your life at stake
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Stavio si svoj život na kocku
14:07
for the cause of truth,
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za istinu,
14:08
for the cause of peace,
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za mir
14:10
and for the cause of education,
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i za obrazovanje,
14:12
and your daughter in inspired from you
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i inspirisao si svoju kćerku
14:14
and she joined you.
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i ona ti se pridružila.
14:16
You both were on the right path
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Oboje ste bili na pravom putu
14:18
and God will protect her."
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i Bog će je zaštititi".
14:21
These few words meant a lot to me,
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Ovih nekoliko riječi mi je mnogo značilo
14:24
and I didn't ask this question again.
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i više nikada nisam postavio to pitanje.
14:28
When Malala was in the hospital,
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Dok je Malala bila u bolnici
14:33
and she was going through the severe pains
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i bila u jakim bolovima,
14:36
and she had had severe headaches
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sa jakim glavoboljama
14:38
because her facial nerve was cut down,
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jer joj je presječen facijalni nerv,
14:42
I used to see a dark shadow
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viđao sam tamnu sjenu
14:44
spreading on the face of my wife.
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kako prelazi preko lica moje žene.
14:50
But my daughter never complained.
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Ali, moja se kćerka nikad nije žalila.
14:56
She used to tell us,
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Znala nam je reći,
14:58
"I'm fine with my crooked smile
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"Ne smeta mi moj iskrivljeni osmijeh
15:00
and with my numbness in my face.
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i utrnulo lice.
15:02
I'll be okay. Please don't worry."
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Biću uredu. Molim vas, ne brinite".
15:05
She was a solace for us,
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Bila nam je utjeha,
15:07
and she consoled us.
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i ona je tješila nas.
15:12
Dear brothers and sisters,
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Draga braćo i sestre,
15:16
we learned from her how to be resilient
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od nje smo se učili otpornosti
15:18
in the most difficult times,
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u najtežim vremenima,
15:22
and I'm glad to share with you
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i drago mi je što s vama dijelim
15:25
that despite being an icon
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da je, bez obzira što je ikona
15:31
for the rights of children and women,
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prava žena i djece,
15:33
she is like any 16-year old girl.
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ona kao i svaka druga 16-godišnjakinja.
15:39
She cries when her homework is incomplete.
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Plače kada ne dovrši zadaću.
15:44
She quarrels with her brothers,
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Svađa se sa braćom,
15:46
and I am very happy for that.
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i jako sam sretan zbog toga.
15:50
People ask me,
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Ljudi me pitaju
15:52
what special is in my mentorship
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šta je posebno u mom mentorstvu
15:56
which has made Malala so bold
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2540
što je napravilo Malalu tako hrabrom,
15:58
and so courageous and so vocal and poised?
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tako odvažnom, glasnom i pribranom?
16:03
I tell them, don't ask me what I did.
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Kažem im, ne pitajte šta sam uradio.
16:09
Ask me what I did not do.
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Pitajte šta nisam.
16:13
I did not clip her wings, and that's all.
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Nisam joj potkresao krila, i to je sve.
16:18
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam mnogo.
16:21
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
16:26
Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. (Applause)
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Hvala. Hvala vam mnogo. Hvala.
(Aplauz)
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziauddin Yousafzai - Education activistDespite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world.
Why you should listen
Ziauddin Yousafzai is an educator, human rights campaigner and social activist. He hails from Pakistan's Swat Valley where, at great personal risk among grave political violence, he peacefully resisted the Taliban's efforts to shut down schools and kept open his own school. He also inspired his daughter, Malala Yousafzai, to raise her voice to promote the rights of children to an education. Ziauddin is the co-founder and serves as the Chairman of the Board for the Malala Fund.
He also serves as the United Nations Special Advisor on Global Education and also the educational attaché to the Pakistani Consulate in Birmingham, UK.
Ziauddin Yousafzai | Speaker | TED.com