TED2014
Ziauddin Yousafzai: My daughter, Malala
Zjaudin Jusafzai (Ziauddin Yousafzai): Moja kćerka Malala
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Pakistanski učitelj Zjaudin Jusafzai podseća svet na jednostavnu istinu, koju mnogi ne žele da čuju: žene i muškarci zaslužuju jednake mogućnosti kada su u pitanju obrazovanje, nezavisnost i autonomija ličnosti. Pripoveda svoju životnu priču i priču svoje kćerke, Malale, koju su Talibani pokušali da ubiju 2012., samo zato što se usudila da ide u školu. "Zašto je moja kćerka tako jaka?", pita Jusufzai. "Jer joj nisam podrezao krila."
Ziauddin Yousafzai - Education activist
Despite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world. Full bio
Despite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
In many patriarchal societies and tribal societies,
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U većini patrijarhalnih
i plemenskih društava
i plemenskih društava
00:17
fathers are usually known by their sons,
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očeve obično znaju po sinovima,
00:22
but I'm one of the few fathers
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ali ja sam jedan od retkih
00:25
who is known by his daughter,
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koga znaju po kćerci
00:27
and I am proud of it.
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i ponosan sam na to.
00:29
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
00:35
Malala started her campaign for education
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Malala je započela kampanju za obrazovanje
00:38
and stood for her rights in 2007,
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zauzela se za svoja prava 2007,
00:41
and when her efforts were honored in 2011,
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a kada je 2011. njen trud nagrađen
00:46
and she was given the national youth peace prize,
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i kada je dobila nacionalnu
omladinsku nagradu za mir
omladinsku nagradu za mir
00:49
and she became a very famous,
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postala je veoma poznata,
00:51
very popular young girl of her country.
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veoma popularna devojka u svojoj zemlji.
00:55
Before that, she was my daughter,
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Pre toga, bila je moja kćerka,
00:58
but now I am her father.
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a sada sam ja njen otac.
01:02
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Dame i gospodo,
01:04
if we glance to human history,
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ukoliko se osvrnemo
na istoriju čovečanstva
na istoriju čovečanstva
01:07
the story of women
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priča o ženama
01:10
is the story of injustice,
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je priča o nepravdi,
01:13
inequality,
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nejednakosti,
01:15
violence and exploitation.
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nasilju i eksploataciji.
01:21
You see,
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Vidite,
01:23
in patriarchal societies,
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u patrijarhalnim društvima,
01:27
right from the very beginning,
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već od samog početka je jasno,
01:29
when a girl is born,
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kada se rodi devojčica,
01:32
her birth is not celebrated.
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njeno rođenje se ne proslavlja.
01:36
She is not welcomed,
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Ne raduju joj se
01:39
neither by father nor by mother.
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ni otac ni majka.
01:41
The neighborhood comes
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Komšije navrate
01:43
and commiserates with the mother,
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i saosećaju s majkom
01:46
and nobody congratulates the father.
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a ocu niko ne čestita.
01:51
And a mother is very uncomfortable
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Majka se oseća izuzetno neprijatno
01:55
for having a girl child.
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jer je rodila devojčicu.
01:59
When she gives birth to the first girl child,
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Kada rodi prvu devojčicu,
02:03
first daughter, she is sad.
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prvu kćerku, tužna je.
02:07
When she gives birth to the second daughter,
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Kada potom rodi drugu kćerku,
02:10
she is shocked,
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ona je u šoku,
02:12
and in the expectation of a son,
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a kada, iščekujući sina,
02:16
when she gives birth to a third daughter,
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rodi i treću kćerku
02:19
she feels guilty like a criminal.
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oseća krivicu poput kriminalca.
02:24
Not only the mother suffers,
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Ne ispašta samo majka,
02:27
but the daughter, the newly born daughter,
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već i kćerka, novorođena kćerka.
02:30
when she grows old,
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Kada odraste,
02:32
she suffers too.
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ispaštaće takođe.
02:34
At the age of five,
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Kad joj bude pet godina,
02:36
while she should be going to school,
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umesto da ide u školu
02:39
she stays at home
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ostaće kod kuće,
02:41
and her brothers are admitted in a school.
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dok će njena braća
biti upisana u školu.
biti upisana u školu.
02:46
Until the age of 12, somehow,
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Sve do 12. godine, koliko toliko,
02:48
she has a good life.
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život će joj biti dobar.
02:51
She can have fun.
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Zabavljaće se.
02:53
She can play with her friends in the streets,
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Moći će da se igra s prijateljima na ulici,
02:56
and she can move around in the streets
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i moći će da se kreće ulicama
02:58
like a butterfly.
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poput leptira.
03:01
But when she enters her teens,
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No kada postane tinejdžerka,
03:05
when she becomes 13 years old,
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kada napuni 13 godina,
03:07
she is forbidden to go out of her home
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biće joj zabranjeno da napusti dom
03:10
without a male escort.
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bez muške pratnje.
03:14
She is confined under the four walls of her home.
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Zarobljena među četiri zida svoga doma,
03:19
She is no more a free individual.
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ona više nije slobodan pojedinac.
03:25
She becomes the so-called honor
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Ona postaje takozvana čast
03:28
of her father and of her brothers
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svog oca, svoje braće
03:30
and of her family,
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i svoje porodice.
03:33
and if she transgresses
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A ukoliko prekrši
03:36
the code of that so-called honor,
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kodeks te, nazovi, časti,
03:39
she could even be killed.
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može da bude i ubijena.
03:44
And it is also interesting that this so-called
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Interesantno je, takođe,
da taj takozvani
da taj takozvani
03:48
code of honor,
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kodeks časti
03:49
it does not only affect the life of a girl,
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ne utiče samo na život devojaka,
03:53
it also affects the life
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on pogađa i živote
03:55
of the male members of the family.
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muških članova porodice.
04:00
I know a family of seven sisters and one brother,
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Znam porodicu sa sedam sestara
i jednim bratom,
i jednim bratom,
04:06
and that one brother,
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i taj jedinac
04:08
he has migrated to the Gulf countries,
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se preselio u zalivske zemlje,
04:12
to earn a living for his seven sisters
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kako bi zaradio za život
svojim sestrama
svojim sestrama
04:14
and parents,
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i roditeljima.
04:17
because he thinks that it will be humiliating
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Jer on smatra kako bi bilo ponižavajuće
04:23
if his seven sisters learn a skill
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ako bi njegove sestre naučile neki zanat
04:25
and they go out of the home
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te napustile dom
04:28
and earn some livelihood.
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i same sebe izdržavale.
04:32
So this brother,
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Zato ovaj brat,
04:33
he sacrifices the joys of his life
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žrtvuje sopstvene životne užitke
04:37
and the happiness of his sisters
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i sreću svojih sestara
04:40
at the altar of so-called honor.
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na oltaru te, nazovi, časti.
04:45
And there is one more norm
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Postoji još jedna norma
04:46
of the patriarchal societies
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u patrijarhalnim društvima,
04:49
that is called obedience.
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to je poslušnost.
04:53
A good girl is supposed to be
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Dobra devojka bi trebalo da bude
04:57
very quiet, very humble
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veoma tiha, veoma skromna
05:02
and very submissive.
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i veoma ponizna.
05:06
It is the criteria.
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To su merila.
05:07
The role model good girl should be very quiet.
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Uzorna dobra devojka
bi trebalo da bude veoma tiha.
bi trebalo da bude veoma tiha.
05:11
She is supposed to be silent
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Trebalo bi da bude nema
05:14
and she is supposed to accept the decisions
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i da prihvata odluke
05:17
of her father and mother
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svoga oca i majke
05:19
and the decisions of elders,
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i odluke starijih
05:22
even if she does not like them.
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čak i kada joj se ne sviđaju.
05:25
If she is married to a man she doesn't like
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Ukoliko se uda za čoveka
koji joj se ne sviđa
koji joj se ne sviđa
05:28
or if she is married to an old man,
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ili za starca,
05:31
she has to accept,
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mora to da prihvati
05:32
because she does not want to be dubbed
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jer ne želi da bude prozvana
05:35
as disobedient.
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neposlušnom.
05:37
If she is married very early,
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Ako se veoma rano uda,
05:39
she has to accept.
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mora to da prihvati.
05:40
Otherwise, she will be called disobedient.
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U suprotnom, nazvaće je neposlušnom.
05:44
And what happens at the end?
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I šta na kraju bude?
05:47
In the words of a poetess,
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Rečima pesnikinje:
05:49
she is wedded, bedded,
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nju su udali, polegli
05:52
and then she gives birth
to more sons and daughters.
to more sons and daughters.
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da rađa još sinova i kćeri.
05:57
And it is the irony of the situation
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A ironija u svemu ovome
06:00
that this mother,
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je da će ova majka,
06:02
she teaches the same lesson of obedience
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preneti lekciju o poslušnosti
06:05
to her daughter
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svojoj kćerci
06:06
and the same lesson of honor to her sons.
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i istu lekciju časti svojim sinovima.
06:11
And this vicious cycle goes on, goes on.
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Tako se ovaj začarani krug nastavlja.
06:17
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Dame i gospodo,
06:20
this plight of millions of women
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ovaj zavet miliona žena
06:23
could be changed
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može da se promeni
06:26
if we think differently,
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ako budemo razmišljali drugačije,
06:28
if women and men think differently,
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ako žene i muškarci
budu razmišljali drugačije.
budu razmišljali drugačije.
06:32
if men and women in the
tribal and patriarchal societies
tribal and patriarchal societies
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Ukoliko bi muškarci i žene u
plemenskim i patrijarhalnim društvima
plemenskim i patrijarhalnim društvima
06:37
in the developing countries,
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u zemljama u razvoju,
06:39
if they can break a few norms
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prekršili nekoliko pravila
06:42
of family and society,
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koja nameću porodica i društvo.
06:46
if they can abolish the discriminatory laws
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Ukoliko bi poništili
diskriminatorske zakone
diskriminatorske zakone
06:52
of the systems in their states,
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koje nameće sistem njihovih država,
06:54
which go against the basic human rights
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a koji se protive
osnovnim ljudskim pravima
osnovnim ljudskim pravima
06:56
of the women.
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žena.
07:00
Dear brothers and sisters, when Malala was born,
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Draga braćo i sestre,
kada se Malala rodila,
kada se Malala rodila,
07:05
and for the first time,
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prvi put sam,
07:08
believe me,
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verujte mi,
07:09
I don't like newborn children, to be honest,
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ja baš i ne volim novorođenčad,
da budem iskren,
da budem iskren,
07:14
but when I went and I looked into her eyes,
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ali kada sam je pogledao u oči,
07:18
believe me,
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verujte mi,
07:20
I got extremely honored.
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bio sam izuzetno počastvovan.
07:24
And long before she was born,
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Mnogo pre njenog rođenja
07:26
I thought about her name,
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razmišljao sam koje ime da joj dam.
07:29
and I was fascinated with a heroic
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Bio sam očaran herojem,
07:32
legendary freedom fighter in Afghanistan.
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čuvenim avganistanskim borcem za slobodu,
07:36
Her name was Malalai of Maiwand,
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koja se zvala Malalai Majvandska.
07:41
and I named my daughter after her.
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Po njoj sam nazvao kćerku.
07:45
A few days after Malala was born,
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Nekoliko dana nakon njenog rođenja,
07:48
my daughter was born,
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nakon što mi se kćerka rodila,
07:50
my cousin came --
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došao mi je rođak u goste -
07:52
and it was a coincidence --
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to je bila slučajnost -
07:54
he came to my home
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došao je u moj dom
07:56
and he brought a family tree,
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i doneo je porodično stablo,
07:59
a family tree of the Yousafzai family,
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porodično stablo porodice Jusafzai
08:03
and when I looked at the family tree,
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i kad sam pogledao porodično stablo,
08:05
it traced back to 300 years of our ancestors.
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sezalo je 300 godina unazad.
08:11
But when I looked, all were men,
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No kad sam pogledao,
tu su bili samo muškarci.
tu su bili samo muškarci.
08:16
and I picked my pen,
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Uzeo sam olovku,
08:18
drew a line from my name,
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povukao liniju od mog imena
08:20
and wrote, "Malala."
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i napisao: "Malala".
08:25
And when she grow old,
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A kada je odrasla,
08:28
when she was four and a half years old,
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kada je imala četiri i po godine,
08:31
I admitted her in my school.
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upisao sam je u moju školu.
08:35
You will be asking, then, why should I mention about
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Pitaćete se, zašto bih vam pominjao
08:38
the admission of a girl in a school?
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polazak devojke u školu?
08:40
Yes, I must mention it.
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Da, moram to da pomenem.
08:42
It may be taken for granted in Canada,
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Možda to uzimate
zdravo za gotovo u Kanadi,
zdravo za gotovo u Kanadi,
08:46
in America, in many developed countries,
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Americi i mnogim drugim
razvijenim zemljama,
razvijenim zemljama,
08:49
but in poor countries,
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ali u siromašnim zemljama,
08:52
in patriarchal societies, in tribal societies,
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u patrijarhalnim i plemenskim društvima,
08:55
it's a big event for the life of girl.
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to je veliki događaj u životu devojke.
08:59
Enrollment in a school means
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Polazak u školu znači
09:03
recognition of her identity and her name.
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uvažavanje njenog identiteta
i njenog imena.
i njenog imena.
09:08
Admission in a school means
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Polazak u školu znači
09:10
that she has entered the world of dreams
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ulazak u svet snova
09:14
and aspirations
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i težnji
09:15
where she can explore her potentials
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gde može da istražuje svoje mogućnosti
09:19
for her future life.
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koje će joj koristiti u budućnosti.
09:22
I have five sisters,
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Ja imam pet sestara,
09:24
and none of them could go to school,
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i nijedna nije mogla da ide u školu.
09:28
and you will be astonished,
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Bićete zapanjeni,
09:29
two weeks before,
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pre dve nedelje,
09:33
when I was filling out the Canadian visa form,
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kada sam popunjavao
formular za kanadsku vizu,
formular za kanadsku vizu,
09:38
and I was filling out the family part of the form,
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dok sam ispunjavao deo
koji se tiče porodice,
koji se tiče porodice,
09:42
I could not recall
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nisam mogao da se setim
09:44
the surnames of some of my sisters.
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prezimena nekih mojih sestara.
09:48
And the reason was
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Iz razloga
09:50
that I have never, never seen the names
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što nikada, nikada nisam video imena
09:53
of my sisters written on any document.
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mojih sestara zabeležena
na bilo kakvom dokumentu.
na bilo kakvom dokumentu.
09:59
That was the reason that
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Zbog toga sam
10:02
I valued my daughter.
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cenio svoju kćerku.
10:06
What my father could not give to my sisters
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Ono što moj otac nije mogao
da pruži mojim sestrama,
da pruži mojim sestrama,
10:10
and to his daughters,
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svojim kćerkama,
10:12
I thought I must change it.
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smatrao sam da ja
moram da promenim.
moram da promenim.
10:16
I used to appreciate the intelligence
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Cenio sam inteligenciju
10:19
and the brilliance of my daughter.
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i oštroumnost moje kćerke.
10:23
I encouraged her to sit with me
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Ohrabrivao sam je da sedi uz mene
10:25
when my friends used to come.
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kada bi mi prijatelji navratili.
10:27
I encouraged her to go with
me to different meetings.
me to different meetings.
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Ohrabrivao sam je da me prati
na razna okupljanja.
na razna okupljanja.
10:32
And all these good values,
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I sve što se smatra vrlim
10:33
I tried to inculcate in her personality.
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pokušao sam da ugradim u njenu ličnost.
10:37
And this was not only she, only Malala.
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I ne samo njoj, ne samo Malali.
10:40
I imparted all these good values
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Prenosio sam vrline
10:43
to my school, girl students
and boy students as well.
and boy students as well.
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mojim đacima,
i devojčicama i dečacima.
i devojčicama i dečacima.
10:48
I used education for emancipation.
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Koristio sam edukaciju za emancipaciju.
10:52
I taught my girls,
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Učio sam svoje devojke,
10:54
I taught my girl students,
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učio sam svoje đake devojke
10:56
to unlearn the lesson of obedience.
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da zaborave lekciju poslušnosti.
11:01
I taught my boy students
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Učio sam đake dečake
11:04
to unlearn the lesson of so-called pseudo-honor.
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da zaborave lekciju,
takozvane, kvazi-časti.
takozvane, kvazi-časti.
11:13
Dear brothers and sisters,
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Draga braćo i sestre,
11:17
we were striving for more rights for women,
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težili smo tome da
žene imaju veća prava,
žene imaju veća prava,
11:22
and we were struggling to have more,
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borili smo se da žene imaju
11:25
more and more space for the women in society.
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sve više i više mesta u društvu.
11:30
But we came across a new phenomenon.
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Ali naišli smo na novi fenomen.
11:33
It was lethal to human rights
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Bio je poguban za ljudska prava,
11:35
and particularly to women's rights.
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a naročito za prava žena.
11:39
It was called Talibanization.
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Bila je to talibanizacija.
11:43
It means a complete negation
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Ona podrazumeva potpunu negaciju
11:47
of women's participation
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učešća žena
11:49
in all political, economical and social activities.
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u svim političkim, ekonomskim
i društvenim aktivnostima.
i društvenim aktivnostima.
11:56
Hundreds of schools were lost.
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Na stotine škola je izgubljeno.
11:59
Girls were prohibited from going to school.
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Devojkama je zabranjeno da idu u školu.
12:05
Women were forced to wear veils
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Žene su primorane da nose veo
12:09
and they were stopped from going to the markets.
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3556
i zabranjeno im je
da idu u prodavnice.
da idu u prodavnice.
12:13
Musicians were silenced,
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Muzičari su utišani,
12:15
girls were flogged
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devojke su šibane,
12:17
and singers were killed.
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a pevači ubijani.
12:21
Millions were suffering,
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Milioni su ispaštali,
12:22
but few spoke,
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a samo nekolicina je govorila.
12:26
and it was the most scary thing
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I beše to najstrašnije od svega,
12:28
when you have all around such people
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govoriti okružen ljudima
12:34
who kill and who flog,
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što ubijaju i šibaju,
12:36
and you speak for your rights.
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a ti braniš svoja prava.
12:37
It's really the most scary thing.
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To je uistinu najstrašnije od svega.
12:42
At the age of 10,
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Kada je imala 10 godina,
12:43
Malala stood, and she stood for the right
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Malala se pobunila, pobunila se
12:48
of education.
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za pravo na obrazovanje.
12:50
She wrote a diary for the BBC blog,
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Pisala je dnevnik
na Bi-Bi-Si-jevom blogu,
na Bi-Bi-Si-jevom blogu,
12:55
she volunteered herself
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volontirala je
12:57
for the New York Times documentaries,
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u Njujork tajmsovim dokumentarcima
13:01
and she spoke from every platform she could.
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i govorila sa svake govornice
s koje je mogla.
s koje je mogla.
13:05
And her voice was the most powerful voice.
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I njen glas beše najsnažniji od svih.
13:10
It spread like a crescendo all around the world.
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Širio se poput krešenda svetom.
13:16
And that was the reason the Taliban
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Stoga Talibani nisu mogli
13:18
could not tolerate her campaign,
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da tolerišu njenu kampanju
13:22
and on October 9 2012,
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i 9. oktobra 2012.
13:25
she was shot in the head at point blank range.
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pucali su joj u glavu
iz neposredne blizine.
iz neposredne blizine.
13:31
It was a doomsday for my family and for me.
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Bio je to sudnji dan
za moju porodicu i mene.
za moju porodicu i mene.
13:35
The world turned into a big black hole.
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5819
Svet se pretvorio u veliku crnu rupu.
13:41
While my daughter was
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Dok mi je kćerka bila
13:43
on the verge of life and death,
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između života i smrti,
13:46
I whispered into the ears of my wife,
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prošaputao sam ženi na uho:
13:50
"Should I be blamed for what happened
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"Jesam li ja kriv za ovo što se desilo
13:53
to my daughter and your daughter?"
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mojoj i tvojoj kćerci?"
13:57
And she abruptly told me,
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Odsečno mi je rekla:
13:59
"Please don't blame yourself.
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2511
"Molim te, nemoj sebe da kriviš.
14:02
You stood for the right cause.
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3216
Zauzeo si se za prave razloge.
14:05
You put your life at stake
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Rizikovao si svoj život
14:07
for the cause of truth,
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1403
za istinu,
14:08
for the cause of peace,
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1181
za mir
14:10
and for the cause of education,
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2108
i za obrazovanje.
14:12
and your daughter in inspired from you
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Inspirisao si svoju kćerku
14:14
and she joined you.
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2231
i ona ti se pridružila.
14:16
You both were on the right path
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Oboje ste bili na pravom putu
14:18
and God will protect her."
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i zato će je Gospod čuvati."
14:21
These few words meant a lot to me,
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3346
Ovih nekoliko reči mi je mnogo značilo
14:24
and I didn't ask this question again.
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4111
i nikada više nisam postavio ovo pitanje.
14:28
When Malala was in the hospital,
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4120
Dok je Malala bila u bolnici,
14:33
and she was going through the severe pains
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3247
imala je žestoke bolove,
14:36
and she had had severe headaches
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2520
imala je žestoke glavobolje
14:38
because her facial nerve was cut down,
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jer joj je facijalni nerv bio presečen.
14:42
I used to see a dark shadow
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2452
Gledao sam tamnu senu
14:44
spreading on the face of my wife.
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5537
kako se širi licem moje supruge.
14:50
But my daughter never complained.
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6101
No moja se kćer nikada nije žalila.
14:56
She used to tell us,
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2061
Govorila bi nam:
14:58
"I'm fine with my crooked smile
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2051
"Dobro mi je sa iskrivljenim osmehom
15:00
and with my numbness in my face.
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2742
i sa utrnulim licem.
15:02
I'll be okay. Please don't worry."
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2079
Biću dobro. Molim vas da ne brinete."
15:05
She was a solace for us,
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2129
Bila je naša uteha
15:07
and she consoled us.
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2897
i olakšavala nam je bol.
15:12
Dear brothers and sisters,
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4221
Draga braćo i sestre,
15:16
we learned from her how to be resilient
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904341
2622
naučili smo od nje kako da budemo jaki
15:18
in the most difficult times,
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3305
u najtežim vremenima.
15:22
and I'm glad to share with you
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Drago mi je što ovo
mogu da podelim s vama,
mogu da podelim s vama,
15:25
that despite being an icon
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5892
iako je ikona
15:31
for the rights of children and women,
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2829
borbe za prava dece i žena,
15:33
she is like any 16-year old girl.
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5293
ona je kao i svaka druga
šesnaestogodišnjakinja.
šesnaestogodišnjakinja.
15:39
She cries when her homework is incomplete.
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5132
Plače ako ne završi domaći zadatak,
15:44
She quarrels with her brothers,
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2068
prepire se sa svojom braćom
15:46
and I am very happy for that.
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i ja sam veoma srećan zbog toga.
15:50
People ask me,
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2403
Ljudi me pitaju,
15:52
what special is in my mentorship
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šta je tako posebno u mom mentorstvu
15:56
which has made Malala so bold
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2540
što je Malalu učinilo tako odvažnom
15:58
and so courageous and so vocal and poised?
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i tako hrabrom, glasnom i razboritom?
16:03
I tell them, don't ask me what I did.
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Kažem im, ne pitajte me šta jesam,
16:09
Ask me what I did not do.
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pitajte me šta nisam učinio.
16:13
I did not clip her wings, and that's all.
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Nisam joj podrezao krila i to je sve.
16:18
Thank you very much.
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Mnogo vam hvala.
16:21
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
16:26
Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. (Applause)
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Hvala. Mnogo vam hvala.
Hvala. (Aplauz)
Hvala. (Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziauddin Yousafzai - Education activistDespite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world.
Why you should listen
Ziauddin Yousafzai is an educator, human rights campaigner and social activist. He hails from Pakistan's Swat Valley where, at great personal risk among grave political violence, he peacefully resisted the Taliban's efforts to shut down schools and kept open his own school. He also inspired his daughter, Malala Yousafzai, to raise her voice to promote the rights of children to an education. Ziauddin is the co-founder and serves as the Chairman of the Board for the Malala Fund.
He also serves as the United Nations Special Advisor on Global Education and also the educational attaché to the Pakistani Consulate in Birmingham, UK.
Ziauddin Yousafzai | Speaker | TED.com