TED2014
Ziauddin Yousafzai: My daughter, Malala
Ziauddin Yousafzai: Moja kćer, Malala
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Pakistanski učitelj Ziauddin Yousafzai podsjeća svijet na jednostavnu istinu koju mnogi ne žele čuti: Žene i muškarci zaslužuju jednake prilike za obrazovanje, autonomiju, nezavisan identitet. Priča priče iz svog života i života svoje kćeri, Malale, koju su Talibani upucali 2012. godine samo zato što se usudila ići u školu. "Zašto je moja kćer tako snažna?" Yousafzai pita. "Jer joj nisam podrezao krila."
Ziauddin Yousafzai - Education activist
Despite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world. Full bio
Despite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
U mnogim patrijarhalnim i plemenskim društvima,
00:13
In many patriarchal societies and tribal societies,
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00:17
fathers are usually known by their sons,
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očevi su uobičajeno poznati po svojim sinovima,
00:22
but I'm one of the few fathers
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ali ja sam jedan od nekolicine očeva
00:25
who is known by his daughter,
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koji je poznat po svojoj kćeri,
00:27
and I am proud of it.
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i ponosan sam na to.
00:29
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
00:35
Malala started her campaign for education
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Malala je počela svoju kampanju za obrazovanje
00:38
and stood for her rights in 2007,
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i ustala za svoja prava 2007.
00:41
and when her efforts were honored in 2011,
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i kada je njen trud priznat 2011.
00:46
and she was given the national youth peace prize,
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i dana joj je nacionalna mirovna nagrada za mlade,
00:49
and she became a very famous,
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postala je vrlo slavna,
00:51
very popular young girl of her country.
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vrlo popularna mlada djevojka u svojoj zemlji.
00:55
Before that, she was my daughter,
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Prije toga, bila je moja kćer,
00:58
but now I am her father.
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ali sada sam ja njen otac.
01:02
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Dame i gospodo,
01:04
if we glance to human history,
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ako pogledamo ljudsku povijest,
01:07
the story of women
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priča žena
01:10
is the story of injustice,
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je priča nepravde,
01:13
inequality,
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nejednakosti,
01:15
violence and exploitation.
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nasilja i iskorištavanja.
01:21
You see,
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Vidite,
01:23
in patriarchal societies,
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u patrijarhalnim društvima,
01:27
right from the very beginning,
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od samog početka,
01:29
when a girl is born,
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kada je djevojčica rođena,
01:32
her birth is not celebrated.
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njeno rođenje se ne slavi.
01:36
She is not welcomed,
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Ona nije dobrodošla,
01:39
neither by father nor by mother.
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niti njenom ocu niti njenoj majci.
01:41
The neighborhood comes
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Susjedstvo dolazi
01:43
and commiserates with the mother,
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i suosjeća s majkom,
01:46
and nobody congratulates the father.
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i nitko ne čestita ocu.
01:51
And a mother is very uncomfortable
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I majci je vrlo neugodno
01:55
for having a girl child.
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zato što ima djevojčicu.
01:59
When she gives birth to the first girl child,
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Kada rodi prvu djevojčicu
02:03
first daughter, she is sad.
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prvu kćer, tužna je.
02:07
When she gives birth to the second daughter,
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Kada rodi drugu kćer,
02:10
she is shocked,
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ona je šokirana,
02:12
and in the expectation of a son,
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i u isčekivanju sina,
02:16
when she gives birth to a third daughter,
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kada rodi treću kćer,
02:19
she feels guilty like a criminal.
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osjeća se krivom kao da je zločinac.
02:24
Not only the mother suffers,
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Ne samo da pati majka,
02:27
but the daughter, the newly born daughter,
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ali i kćer, novorođena kćer,
02:30
when she grows old,
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kada ostari,
02:32
she suffers too.
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ona također pati.
02:34
At the age of five,
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U petoj godini života,
02:36
while she should be going to school,
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kada bi trebala ići u školu,
02:39
she stays at home
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ostaje kod kuće
02:41
and her brothers are admitted in a school.
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i njena braća su upisana u školu.
02:46
Until the age of 12, somehow,
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Do dvanaeste godine, nekako,
02:48
she has a good life.
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ima dobar život.
02:51
She can have fun.
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Može se zabavljati.
02:53
She can play with her friends in the streets,
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Može se igrati s prijateljima na ulici
02:56
and she can move around in the streets
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i može se kretati ulicom
02:58
like a butterfly.
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kao leptir.
03:01
But when she enters her teens,
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Ali kada uđe u pubertet,
03:05
when she becomes 13 years old,
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kada napuni trinaest godina,
03:07
she is forbidden to go out of her home
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zabranjeno joj je izaći iz kuće
03:10
without a male escort.
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bez muške pratnje.
03:14
She is confined under the four walls of her home.
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Zatvorena je unutar četiri zida svog doma.
03:19
She is no more a free individual.
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Nije više slobodna individua.
03:25
She becomes the so-called honor
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Postaje takozvana čast
03:28
of her father and of her brothers
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svog oca i braće
03:30
and of her family,
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i svoje obitelji,
03:33
and if she transgresses
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i ako prekrši
03:36
the code of that so-called honor,
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kodeks takozvane časti,
03:39
she could even be killed.
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može čak biti ubijena.
03:44
And it is also interesting that this so-called
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I također je zanimljivo da ovaj takozvani
03:48
code of honor,
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kodeks časti,
03:49
it does not only affect the life of a girl,
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ne utječe samo na život djevojčice,
03:53
it also affects the life
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također utječe na život
03:55
of the male members of the family.
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muških članova obitelji.
04:00
I know a family of seven sisters and one brother,
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Poznajem obitelj sa sedam sestara i jednim bratom,
04:06
and that one brother,
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i taj jedan brat,
04:08
he has migrated to the Gulf countries,
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je emigrirao u zemlje Zaljeva,
04:12
to earn a living for his seven sisters
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kako bi zarađivao za svojih sedam sestara
04:14
and parents,
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i roditelje,
04:17
because he thinks that it will be humiliating
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jer misli da bi bilo ponižavajuće
04:23
if his seven sisters learn a skill
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da njegovih sedam sestara nauči vještinu
04:25
and they go out of the home
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i izađe iz doma
04:28
and earn some livelihood.
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i zaradi novac za život.
04:32
So this brother,
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Tako da ovaj brat,
04:33
he sacrifices the joys of his life
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on žrtvuje radost u svom životu
04:37
and the happiness of his sisters
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i sreću svojih sestara
04:40
at the altar of so-called honor.
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na oltaru takozvane časti.
04:45
And there is one more norm
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I postoji još jedna norma
04:46
of the patriarchal societies
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patrijarhalnog društva
04:49
that is called obedience.
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koja se zove poslušnost.
04:53
A good girl is supposed to be
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Dobra djevojčica trebala bi biti
04:57
very quiet, very humble
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vrlo tiha, iznimno ponizna
05:02
and very submissive.
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i vrlo podložna.
05:06
It is the criteria.
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To je kriterij.
05:07
The role model good girl should be very quiet.
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Uzorna dobra djevojčica bi trebala biti vrlo tiha.
05:11
She is supposed to be silent
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Trebala bi biti tiha
05:14
and she is supposed to accept the decisions
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i trebala bi prihvaćati odluke
05:17
of her father and mother
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svog oca i majke
05:19
and the decisions of elders,
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i odluke starješina,
05:22
even if she does not like them.
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čak i ako joj se ne sviđaju.
05:25
If she is married to a man she doesn't like
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Ako je udana za muškarca koji joj se ne sviđa
05:28
or if she is married to an old man,
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ili je udana za starca,
05:31
she has to accept,
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mora to prihvatiti,
05:32
because she does not want to be dubbed
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zato što nije htjela biti označena
05:35
as disobedient.
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kao neposlušna.
05:37
If she is married very early,
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Ako je udana vrlo rano,
05:39
she has to accept.
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mora to prihvatiti.
05:40
Otherwise, she will be called disobedient.
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Inače će ju nazvati neposlušnom.
05:44
And what happens at the end?
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I što se na kraju dogodi?
05:47
In the words of a poetess,
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Riječima pjesnika,
05:49
she is wedded, bedded,
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ona je udana, smještena u krevet,
05:52
and then she gives birth
to more sons and daughters.
to more sons and daughters.
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i onda rađa još sinova i kćeri.
05:57
And it is the irony of the situation
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I to je ironija situacije,
06:00
that this mother,
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da ta majka,
06:02
she teaches the same lesson of obedience
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podučava iste lekcije poslušnosti
06:05
to her daughter
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svoju kćer
06:06
and the same lesson of honor to her sons.
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i istu lekciju časti svojim sinovima.
06:11
And this vicious cycle goes on, goes on.
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I ovaj okrutni ciklus se nastavlja i nastavlja.
06:17
Ladies and gentlemen,
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Dame i gospodo,
06:20
this plight of millions of women
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ova tlapnja milijuna žena
06:23
could be changed
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mogla bi se promijeniti
06:26
if we think differently,
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ako razmišljamo drugačije,
06:28
if women and men think differently,
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ako žene i muškarci razmišljaju drugačije,
06:32
if men and women in the
tribal and patriarchal societies
tribal and patriarchal societies
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ako muškarci i žene u plemenskim i patrijarhalnim društvima
06:37
in the developing countries,
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u zemljama u razvoju,
06:39
if they can break a few norms
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mogu razbiti nekoliko normi
06:42
of family and society,
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obitelji i društva,
06:46
if they can abolish the discriminatory laws
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ako mogu poništiti diskriminacijske zakone
06:52
of the systems in their states,
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sustava u svojim državama,
06:54
which go against the basic human rights
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koji idu protiv osnovnih ljudskih prava
06:56
of the women.
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žena.
07:00
Dear brothers and sisters, when Malala was born,
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Draga braćo i sestre, kada je Malala rođena,
07:05
and for the first time,
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i po prvi put,
07:08
believe me,
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vjerujte mi,
07:09
I don't like newborn children, to be honest,
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ne volim novorođenčad, da budem iskren,
07:14
but when I went and I looked into her eyes,
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ali kada sam joj pogledao u oči,
07:18
believe me,
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vjerujte mi,
07:20
I got extremely honored.
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osjećao sam se iznimno povlašteno.
07:24
And long before she was born,
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I puno prije nego je rođena,
07:26
I thought about her name,
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razmišljao sam o njenom imenu,
07:29
and I was fascinated with a heroic
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i fascinirala me herojska
07:32
legendary freedom fighter in Afghanistan.
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legendarna borkinja za slobodu u Afganistanu.
07:36
Her name was Malalai of Maiwand,
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Njeno ime je Malalai od Maiwanda,
07:41
and I named my daughter after her.
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i nazvao sam svoju kćer po njoj.
07:45
A few days after Malala was born,
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Nekoliko dana nakon što je Malala rođena,
07:48
my daughter was born,
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nakon što je rođena moja kćer,
07:50
my cousin came --
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moj rođak je došao --
07:52
and it was a coincidence --
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i to je bila slučajnost --
07:54
he came to my home
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došao je u moju kuću
07:56
and he brought a family tree,
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i donio obiteljsko drvo,
07:59
a family tree of the Yousafzai family,
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obiteljsko drvo obitelji Yousafzai,
08:03
and when I looked at the family tree,
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i kada sam pogledao obiteljsko drvo,
08:05
it traced back to 300 years of our ancestors.
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pratilo je povijest naših predaka u posljednjih 300 godina.
08:11
But when I looked, all were men,
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Ali kada sam pogledao, svi su bili muškarci,
08:16
and I picked my pen,
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i uzeo sam svoju olovku,
08:18
drew a line from my name,
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povukao crtu od svog imena,
08:20
and wrote, "Malala."
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i napisao, "Malala."
08:25
And when she grow old,
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I kada je postala starija,
08:28
when she was four and a half years old,
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kada je imala četiri i pol godine,
08:31
I admitted her in my school.
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upisao sam ju u svoju školu.
08:35
You will be asking, then, why should I mention about
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Pitat ćete se zašto spominjem
08:38
the admission of a girl in a school?
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upis djevojčice u školu?
08:40
Yes, I must mention it.
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Da, moram to spomenuti,
08:42
It may be taken for granted in Canada,
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možda se uzima zdravo za gotovo u Kanadi,
08:46
in America, in many developed countries,
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u Americi, u mnogim razvijenim zemljama,
08:49
but in poor countries,
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ali u siromašnim zemljama,
08:52
in patriarchal societies, in tribal societies,
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u patrijarhalnim društvima, plemenskim društvima,
08:55
it's a big event for the life of girl.
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to je velik događaj za život djevojčice.
08:59
Enrollment in a school means
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Upis u školu znači
09:03
recognition of her identity and her name.
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priznavanje njenog identiteta i imena.
09:08
Admission in a school means
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Upis u školu znači
09:10
that she has entered the world of dreams
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da je ušla u svijet snova
09:14
and aspirations
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i težnji
09:15
where she can explore her potentials
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gdje može istraživati svoj potencijal
09:19
for her future life.
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za budući život.
09:22
I have five sisters,
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Imam pet sestara,
09:24
and none of them could go to school,
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i nijedna od njih nije mogla ići u školu,
09:28
and you will be astonished,
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i zapanjit ćete se,
09:29
two weeks before,
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dva tjedna prije,
09:33
when I was filling out the Canadian visa form,
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kada sam popunjavao Kanadski obrazac za vizu,
09:38
and I was filling out the family part of the form,
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i ispunjavao sam dio obrasca o obitelji,
09:42
I could not recall
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nisam se mogao prisjetiti
09:44
the surnames of some of my sisters.
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prezimena nekih od mojih sestara.
09:48
And the reason was
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I razlog je bio taj
09:50
that I have never, never seen the names
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da nisam nikad, nikad vidio imena
09:53
of my sisters written on any document.
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mojih sestara napisana na nekom dokumentu.
09:59
That was the reason that
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To je bio razlog zbog kojeg
10:02
I valued my daughter.
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sam cijenio svoju kćer.
10:06
What my father could not give to my sisters
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Ono što moj otac nije mogao dati mojim sestrama
10:10
and to his daughters,
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i svojim kćerima,
10:12
I thought I must change it.
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pomislio sam da to moram promijeniti.
10:16
I used to appreciate the intelligence
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Cijenio sam inteligenciju
10:19
and the brilliance of my daughter.
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i briljantnost svoje kćeri.
10:23
I encouraged her to sit with me
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Poticao sam ju da sjedi sa mnom
10:25
when my friends used to come.
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kada bi moji prijatelji došli.
10:27
I encouraged her to go with
me to different meetings.
me to different meetings.
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Poticao sam je da ide sa mnom na različite sastanke.
10:32
And all these good values,
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I sve te dobre vrijednosti,
10:33
I tried to inculcate in her personality.
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pokušao sam ih usaditi u njenu osobnost.
10:37
And this was not only she, only Malala.
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I to nije bila samo ona, nije bila samo Malala.
10:40
I imparted all these good values
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Usadio sam sve ove dobre vrijednosti
10:43
to my school, girl students
and boy students as well.
and boy students as well.
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u moju školu, ženskim i muškim učenicama i učenicima.
10:48
I used education for emancipation.
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Koristio sam obrazovanje za emancipaciju.
10:52
I taught my girls,
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Naučio sam svoje djevojčice,
10:54
I taught my girl students,
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naučio sam svoje učenice,
10:56
to unlearn the lesson of obedience.
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da zaborave lekciju poslušnosti.
11:01
I taught my boy students
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Naučio sam svoje učenike
11:04
to unlearn the lesson of so-called pseudo-honor.
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da zaborave lekciju takozvane pseudo-časti.
11:13
Dear brothers and sisters,
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Draga braćo i sestre,
11:17
we were striving for more rights for women,
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težili smo većim pravima žena,
11:22
and we were struggling to have more,
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i borili smo se da imamo više,
11:25
more and more space for the women in society.
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i više prostora za žene u društvu.
11:30
But we came across a new phenomenon.
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Ali smo se susreli s novim fenomenom.
11:33
It was lethal to human rights
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Bio je smrtonosan za ljudska prava
11:35
and particularly to women's rights.
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i osobito za prava žena.
11:39
It was called Talibanization.
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Zvao se Talibanizacija.
11:43
It means a complete negation
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Znači potpuno negiranje
11:47
of women's participation
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ženskog sudjelovanja
11:49
in all political, economical and social activities.
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u svim političkim, ekonomskim i društvenim aktivnostima.
11:56
Hundreds of schools were lost.
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Stotine škola su izgubljene.
11:59
Girls were prohibited from going to school.
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Djevojčicama je zabranjeno ići u školu.
12:05
Women were forced to wear veils
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Žene su prisiljene nositi veo
12:09
and they were stopped from going to the markets.
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i spriječene su u odlasku na tržnice.
12:13
Musicians were silenced,
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Glazbenici su utišani,
12:15
girls were flogged
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djevojke su bičevane
12:17
and singers were killed.
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i pjevači su ubijani.
12:21
Millions were suffering,
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Milijuni su patili,
12:22
but few spoke,
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ali rijetki su progovorili,
12:26
and it was the most scary thing
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i to je bilo najstrašnije
12:28
when you have all around such people
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kad oko sebe imate takve ljude
12:34
who kill and who flog,
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koji ubijaju i bičuju,
12:36
and you speak for your rights.
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i progovarate za svoja prava.
12:37
It's really the most scary thing.
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To je zaista najstrašnija stvar.
12:42
At the age of 10,
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Sa 10 godina,
12:43
Malala stood, and she stood for the right
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Malala je ustala, ustala je za pravo
12:48
of education.
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na obrazovanje.
12:50
She wrote a diary for the BBC blog,
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Pisala je dnevnik za BBC blog,
12:55
she volunteered herself
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odlučila je biti dijelom
12:57
for the New York Times documentaries,
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dokumentaraca za New York Times,
13:01
and she spoke from every platform she could.
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i govorila je koristeći svaku dostupnu platformu.
13:05
And her voice was the most powerful voice.
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I njen glas je bio najsnažniji glas.
13:10
It spread like a crescendo all around the world.
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Širio se kao kreščendo svuda po svijetu.
13:16
And that was the reason the Taliban
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I to je bio razlog zašto Talibani
13:18
could not tolerate her campaign,
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nisu mogli tolerirati njenu kampanju,
13:22
and on October 9 2012,
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i 9. listopada 2012. godine
13:25
she was shot in the head at point blank range.
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upucana je u glavu sa male udaljenosti.
13:31
It was a doomsday for my family and for me.
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To je bio kraj svijeta za moju obitelj i mene.
13:35
The world turned into a big black hole.
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Svijet se pretvorio u veliku crnu rupu.
13:41
While my daughter was
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Dok je moja kćer bila
13:43
on the verge of life and death,
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na rubu života i smrti,
13:46
I whispered into the ears of my wife,
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šapnuo sam u uho moje žene.
13:50
"Should I be blamed for what happened
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"Trebam li sebe kriviti za ovo što se dogodilo
13:53
to my daughter and your daughter?"
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mojoj i tvojoj kćeri?"
13:57
And she abruptly told me,
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I bez oklijevanja mi je rekla,
13:59
"Please don't blame yourself.
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"Molim te ne krivi sebe.
14:02
You stood for the right cause.
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Zastupao si pravu stvar.
14:05
You put your life at stake
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Riskirao si svoj život
14:07
for the cause of truth,
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za stvar istine,
14:08
for the cause of peace,
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za stvar mira,
14:10
and for the cause of education,
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i za stvar obrazovanja,
14:12
and your daughter in inspired from you
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i tvoja kćer je inspirirana od tebe
14:14
and she joined you.
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pridružila ti se.
14:16
You both were on the right path
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Oboje ste bili na pravom putu
14:18
and God will protect her."
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i Bog će je zaštiti."
14:21
These few words meant a lot to me,
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Ovih nekoliko riječi mi je puno značilo,
14:24
and I didn't ask this question again.
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i nisam ponovno postavio to pitanje.
14:28
When Malala was in the hospital,
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Kada je Malala bila u bolnici,
14:33
and she was going through the severe pains
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i prolazila je kroz strašne bolove
14:36
and she had had severe headaches
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i imala je snažne glavobolje
14:38
because her facial nerve was cut down,
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jer joj je živac u licu oštećen,
14:42
I used to see a dark shadow
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viđao sam tamnu sjenu
14:44
spreading on the face of my wife.
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kako se širi licem moje žene.
14:50
But my daughter never complained.
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Ali moja kćer se nikad nije žalila.
14:56
She used to tell us,
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Rekla bi nam,
14:58
"I'm fine with my crooked smile
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"Sviđa mi se moj iskrivljeni osmijeh
15:00
and with my numbness in my face.
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i neosjetljivost u licu.
15:02
I'll be okay. Please don't worry."
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Bit ću dobro. Molim vas ne brinite."
15:05
She was a solace for us,
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Bila nam je utjeha,
15:07
and she consoled us.
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i tješila nas je.
15:12
Dear brothers and sisters,
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Draga braćo i sestre,
15:16
we learned from her how to be resilient
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naučili smo od nje kako biti ustrajni
15:18
in the most difficult times,
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u najtežim vremenima,
15:22
and I'm glad to share with you
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i drago mi je što sam s vama podijelio
15:25
that despite being an icon
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da unatoč tome što je ikona
15:31
for the rights of children and women,
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za prava djece i žena,
15:33
she is like any 16-year old girl.
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ona je kao i svaka druga šesnaestogodišnja djevojčica.
15:39
She cries when her homework is incomplete.
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Plače kada njena zadaća nije dovršena.
15:44
She quarrels with her brothers,
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Svađa se sa svojom braćom,
15:46
and I am very happy for that.
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i jako sam sretan zbog toga.
15:50
People ask me,
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Ljudi me pitaju,
15:52
what special is in my mentorship
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što je tako posebno u mom mentorstvu
15:56
which has made Malala so bold
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što je Malalu učinilo tako smjelom
15:58
and so courageous and so vocal and poised?
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i hrabrom i tako glasnom i staloženom?
16:03
I tell them, don't ask me what I did.
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Kažem im, ne pitajte me što sam učinio.
16:09
Ask me what I did not do.
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Pitajte me što nisam učinio.
16:13
I did not clip her wings, and that's all.
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Nisam joj podrezao krila, to je sve.
16:18
Thank you very much.
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Hvala vam puno.
16:21
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
16:26
Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. (Applause)
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Hvala vam. Hvala vam puno. Hvala vam. (Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ziauddin Yousafzai - Education activistDespite an attack on his daughter Malala in 2012, Ziauddin Yousafzai continues his fight to educate children in the developing world.
Why you should listen
Ziauddin Yousafzai is an educator, human rights campaigner and social activist. He hails from Pakistan's Swat Valley where, at great personal risk among grave political violence, he peacefully resisted the Taliban's efforts to shut down schools and kept open his own school. He also inspired his daughter, Malala Yousafzai, to raise her voice to promote the rights of children to an education. Ziauddin is the co-founder and serves as the Chairman of the Board for the Malala Fund.
He also serves as the United Nations Special Advisor on Global Education and also the educational attaché to the Pakistani Consulate in Birmingham, UK.
Ziauddin Yousafzai | Speaker | TED.com