Robb Willer: How to have better political conversations
Robb Willer: Come avere un miglior dialogo politico
Robb Willer's political research has investigated various topics, including economic inequality, racial prejudice, masculine overcompensation and Americans' views of climate change. Full bio
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as most people do,
come tutti quasi,
is getting worse in our country,
la polarizzazione stia peggiorando,
between the left and the right
in really any of our lifetimes.
ricordi da sempre.
if research backs up your intuition.
se la ricerca sostenga questa intuizione.
the answer is sadly yes.
have grown further apart.
si sono allontanati sempre di più.
in these ideological silos,
nei propri bunker ideologici,
talking only to like-minded others
solo con persone della stessa opinione
to live in different parts of the country.
di vivere in parti diverse del paese.
most alarming of all of it
animosity on both sides.
da entrambi i lati.
don't like one another.
non si piacciono sempre di più.
They don't want to date one another.
o mettersi insieme.
they find each other less attractive,
trovano l'altro meno attraente.
their children to marry someone
che i propri figli sposino
the students that I work with,
con gli studenti con cui lavoro
some sort of social pattern --
di una specie di modello sociale.
e quindi spesso mi chiedo:
with this pattern?
a che genere appartiene?"
with political polarization?
con questa polarizzazione politica?
we're in a zombie apocalypse movie.
che siamo in un film di apocalisse zombie.
and destroy society.
e distruggere la società.
in the zombie apocalypse movie,
it's being propagated by the other people,
si diffondano dall'altra parte,
to what we hold dear,
a ciò che è loro caro,
in the army of the undead.
nell'esercito dei morti viventi.
they think they're in?
che loro pensino di essere?
that they're the good guys
credono di essere i buoni
that they think that they're Brad Pitt
che credono di essere Brad Pitt
that we're all a part of this.
che siamo tutti parte del problema.
is that we can be a part of the solution.
essere parte della soluzione.
at polarization in everyday life?
la polarizzazione nella vita quotidiana?
and communicate with
per connettere e comunicare
that I and my colleague, Matt Feinberg,
da cui io e il mio collega Matt Feinberg
doing research on this topic.
that we discovered
for understanding polarization
per comprendere la polarizzazione
is undergirded by a deeper moral divide.
del nostro paese, ce ne sia una morale.
in the history of political psychology
nella storia della psicologia politica
by Jon Haidt and Jesse Graham,
da Jon Haidt e Jesse Graham,
tend to endorse different values
approvano differenti valori
tend to endorse values like equality
approvano valori come uguaglianza,
and protection from harm
values like loyalty, patriotism,
come lealtà, patriottismo,
e integrità morale
that maybe this moral divide
che questa divisione morale
for understanding how it is
per capire in che modo
talk to one another
l'uno con l'altro
seem to talk past one another
sembrino ignorare
to write a persuasive essay
che fosse in grado
in support of same-sex marriage.
i lati positivi del matrimonio gay.
tended to make arguments
tendevano a impostare un argomento
of equality and fairness.
come uguaglianza ed equità.
to love whoever they choose,"
di amare chiunque desideri"
as other Americans."
degli altri americani."
that 69 percent of liberals
che il 69% dei liberali
moral values in constructing their essay,
a uno dei valori morali più liberali,
one of the more conservative moral values,
uno dei valori cari ai conservatori,
to be trying to persuade conservatives.
di convincere proprio quest'ultimi.
and had them make persuasive arguments
incaricandoli di scrivere testi
the official language of the US,
come lingua ufficiale degli USA,
political position,
much better at this.
conservative moral values,
dei conservatori,
invoked a liberal moral value,
to be targeting liberals for persuasion.
la parte avversa.
why we're in trouble here. Right?
perché siamo nei guai, giusto?
they're their most deeply held beliefs.
dei principi di una persona.
to fight and die for their values.
e morire per i propri valori.
just to agree with you
per concordare con te
want to agree with you on anyway?
nemmeno vuole concordare così tanto?
you're making to your Republican uncle
di convincere il tuo zio repubblicano
just have to change his view,
non solo il suo punto di vista,
his underlying values, too,
that we call moral reframing,
reinquadramento morale.
in a series of experiments.
in una serie di esperimenti.
and conservatives to a study
e conservatori per uno studio
un testo scelto fra tre
attitudes surveyed.
sulla loro mentalità ambientale.
pro-environmental essay
of care and protection from harm.
come protezione dai pericoli fisici.
"In many important ways
"In molti modi fondamentali
to the places we live in,"
i luoghi in cui viviamo"
that we take steps now
che prendiamo già delle misure
from being done to our Earth."
al nostro pianeta."
a really different essay
the conservative value of moral purity.
di integrità morale caro ai conservatori.
della difesa ambientale,
and skies pure is of vital importance."
i nostri cieli, foreste e acqua potabile",
to be disgusting."
è disgustoso",
can help us preserve
ci aiuta a preservare
about the places we live."
to read just a nonpolitical essay.
un testo non politicizzato.
so we could get a baseline.
da tenere come riferimento.
attitudes afterwards,
dopo la lettura
it didn't matter what essay they read.
indipendentemente dal testo,
pro-environmental attitudes regardless.
a favore dell'ambiente.
for environmental protection.
sulla protezione ambientale.
of progressive environmental policies
a politiche verdi e progressiste,
one of the other two essays.
who read the moral purity essay
che avevano letto quel testo
that they believed in global warming
nel riscaldamento globale
didn't even mention global warming.
di un problema ambientale connesso.
this moral reframing effect was.
del reinquadramento morale.
of different political issues.
di problematiche politiche diverse.
che i conservatori siano toccati
or national health insurance,
o il servizio sanitario nazionale,
political issues to conservative values
ai valori dei conservatori,
to the right on conservative policy issues
da problematiche conservatrici,
the official language of the US,
l'inglese la lingua ufficiale degli USA,
policy issues to liberal moral values
a valori morali liberali
have the same clear message:
lo stesso messaggio:
someone on some policy,
su una certa linea politica,
to their underlying moral values.
ai suoi valori morali di fondo.
it's something we really struggle to do.
è qualcosa con cui fatichiamo.
to persuade somebody on a political issue,
di convincere qualcuno sulla politica
as we rehearse our own reasons
some sort of political position.
in una qualche posizione politica.
these reframed moral arguments,
gli argomenti per questo reinquadramento:
empathy and respect."
empatia e rispetto."
somebody in this country.
qualcuno in questo paese.
there's a white cop and a black cop,
un poliziotto bianco e uno nero
to come together and they cooperate,
da parte e collaborare
that they had to cross. Right?
che hanno dovuto colmare, no?
than ever before.
sono più lontani.
where we are in this country,
of a buddy cop movie --
di un poliziesco comico.
to come back together.
is going to start with us.
all the things that divide us.
because this hate and contempt
the very fabric of our society.
della nostra società.
e al nostro paese,
di continuare a odiare l'altra parte,
to let them hate us either.
that we owe our fellow citizens.
che dobbiamo ai nostri concittadini.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Robb Willer - Social psychologistRobb Willer's political research has investigated various topics, including economic inequality, racial prejudice, masculine overcompensation and Americans' views of climate change.
Why you should listen
Robb Willer is a professor of sociology, psychology and organizational behavior at Stanford University. He studies the role of morality in politics. His research shows how moral values, typically a source of ideological division, can also be used to bring people together. His political research has investigated various topics, including economic inequality, racial prejudice, masculine overcompensation and Americans' views of climate change.
Willer has won numerous awards for his teaching and research, including the Golden Apple Teaching Award, the only award given by UC-Berkeley’s student body. Willer's class, "Self and Society," was the highest enrollment class at UC-Berkeley. His consulting clients have included the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Open Society Foundation, the Last Resort Exoneration Project and the Department of Justice.
Willer's writing has appeared in the New York Times and the Washington Post, including his op-eds "The Secret to Political Persuasion" and "Is the Environment a Moral Cause?"
Willer received a Ph.D from Cornell University and a BA from the University of Iowa. Before becoming a professor, he worked as a dishwasher, construction worker, mover, line cook and union organizer.
Robb Willer | Speaker | TED.com