Jessica Shortall: The US needs paid family leave -- for the sake of its future
ジェシカ・ショートル: アメリカが新生児の親と赤ちゃんを失望させている理由
Jessica Shortall is a working mom of two and author of Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Survival Guide to Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
this is what you'll be told.
こんな答えが返ってきます
what you'll actually produce
パソコンで仕事をしようとすれば
with a baby on your lap.
忘れておきましょう
We'll look at a lot of them.
よく見かけますよね
まばゆいばかりの自然な照明です
皆さん ご存知のように
of every American workplace.
そのものですよね
何千も出回っています
into any Google image search engine,
調べてみて下さい
blog posts and news pieces,
トップ画像にも使われています
and the lie that they tell us
それらが伝える嘘と安堵感に
to new working motherhood in America,
millions of women back to work
何百万人もの女性を
and kind of horrifically soon
ある種恐ろしいほどに早い段階で
why it's an economic problem.
それが経済的問題でもある理由です
with the unreality of these images,
苛立ち また取り付かれました
in a parody series of stock photos
使い始めてほしいパロディ版の写真を
of going back to work
自分の身体に備わっている状態で
is attached to your body.
気まずい現実を表したものです
like leaking breast milk
母乳が染み出しちゃうなんて
no baby in this photo,
写っていませんね
気分を悪くされるかもしれませんが
its contents are aerosolized
便器の中身が噴霧となって
働く新生児の母親にとって
that they can find to make food
日中に作り出せるのは
a whole dozen of them, into the world.
世界に送り出しました
was opening a door,
気づきませんでした
from all walks of life
様々な職業の全くの他人から
for them to go back to work
職場復帰したときの
10 of their stories with you today.
皆さんと共有したいと思います
some of them are very raw,
中には生々しいものもあります
looks anything like this.
ひとつとしてありません
service member at a federal prison.
現役刑務官でした
allowed eight weeks for my C-section.
認められる8週間を使い切って復職しました
that I had been out on 'vacation,'
取ったことに不満を持っており
while I was pumping breast milk
わざとドアを開け放して
with inmates in the hallway."
廊下に立っていました」
total strangers, send to me now,
送ってくれる話のほとんどは
書いてくれました
to work after seven unpaid weeks.
7週間の無給休暇の後 仕事に戻りました
私は打ちのめされていました
during labor, and major tearing,
大出血とひどい裂傷を経験し
やっとという状態でした
to use my available vacation days
使えるはずの有給休暇を
situations like these in the eye
私は考えるようになりました
then we have to do something about it.
何かしなければなりません
and believe, this image.
信じることにするのです
what's going on in this picture,
よくわかりません
and slightly creepy.
少し気味が悪いです
and all of their babies, are fine.
皆大丈夫なのだと
女性なのだから
down into two parts.
2つに分けたいと思います
that women have chosen to work.
女性が働く選択をしたというものです
47 percent of the workforce,
女性が占めています
or primary breadwinner.
家計を支えています
of the engine of this economy,
アメリカ経済の中核を担っており
for the engines of our families.
不可欠なのです
our paid work is not optional.
個人の選択ではないのです
are choosing to have babies,
子を持つことにしたのだから
the consequences of those choices.
女性だけが負うべきだというものです
can sound correct.
事柄のひとつです
when that happened.
私はそこにはいなかったんだから」
ignores a fundamental truth,
根本的な事実を無視しています
on a national scale is not optional.
個人の選択ではないということです
working women, are having today,
彼女たちが出産する子どもは
protect our shores,
国家の安全を守り
on a national scale is not optional.
個人の選択ではありません
We need working women to have babies.
働く女性が出産できなければなりません
doing those things at the same time
少なくとも―
women in America do you think
有給の産休をもらえない割合は
will not get one minute of paid leave
出産後1分たりとも
It's called FMLA. It does not work.
機能していません
all kinds of exceptions,
使えません
I had to take off work.
私は仕事を休む必要がありました
to qualify for FMLA,
勤続年数が長くなかったので
to meet my newborn son,
迎えに仕事を休んだとき
hide another reality, another layer.
もう1つの現実が隠されています
to just that unpaid leave,
女性たちのうちでも
to take much of it at all.
経済的余裕がないのです
for short-term disability
「私の妊娠は既往症とみなされ
was considered a preexisting condition.
and half of our savings
税金還付と貯金の半分を
but emotionally it was worse.
精神的にはさらに辛いものでした
being away from my son."
何ヶ月も辛い思いをしました」
to go back to work so early,
職場復帰するという選択は
driven by family finances,
理性的な経済的選択なのです
into the world is messy.
at work five weeks postpartum.
産後5週間で職場復帰しました
major surgery after giving birth,
産後に大手術をしたので
working mothers in America
働く新生児の母親のうち23%が
within two weeks of giving birth.
職場復帰しています
average of 75 hours a week while pregnant.
妊娠中は平均週75時間働いていました
before my baby was a month old,
仕事に戻らねばならず
to afford 10 days off with her baby."
10日しか休めませんでした」
with economic and physical implications.
経済的・肉体的な負担の問題ではありません
an enormous psychological event.
そうあり続けるでしょう
eight weeks after my son was born.
職場復帰しました
to returning to work were unbearable."
パニック発作は耐え難いものでした」
after having a baby,
短ければ短いほど
from postpartum mood disorders
産後うつの諸症状に
consequences of those disorders,
様々な影響の中でも
most common cause of death
死因の中で
but I find it hard to get through.
読むのが辛い話です
that I lost an essential,
発達期を
time with my son.
深い悲しみと怒りを覚えます
left me feeling absolutely broken.
私は壊れてしまったように感じました
is the screaming: colic, they said.
夜泣きと呼ばれるものです
how much longer I could do it.
頑張れるだろうと自問しました
while I rocked and shushed
問題にならないように
so I wouldn't get in trouble.
どうか泣き止んでと懇願しました
every damn day
私は毎日
while I washed out the pump equipment.
トイレでも泣きました
and all the way home again.
泣き通しでした
I didn't get done during the day,
家で夜にやるからと
wrong with me that I can't swing this."
私のせいなのだと思いました」
about the millions of babies
働く母親のもとに生まれてくる―
大切に考えているでしょうか?
and tax-paying and military-serving age.
年齢になるまでは考えていません
18年後に戻っておいでと言って
本人任せなのです
is that babies whose mothers
赤ちゃんと12週間以上
and their well checks in their first year,
健康診断を受ける可能性が高く
from deadly and disabling diseases.
より守られているのです
behind images like this.
これらの画像の裏に隠されています
who work and for their babies.
アメリカはメッセージを送っています
you should be grateful for it,
ありがたく思え
runs through a lot of the stories I hear.
私に届く話の多くに通底しています
after my C-section
帝王切開での出産から
had failure to thrive.
うまく育ちませんでした
was very understanding.
上司には理解があり
つながれた娘を
母が連れてくるのを許可してくれ
of countries in the world
paid leave to new mothers.
小さなグループがあります
in total population.
8百万人の人口しかありません
Suriname and the tiny island nations
それから小さな島国の
Nauru, Niue, Palau and Tonga.
ナウル、ニウエ、パラオ、トンガです
the United States of America,
of national paid leave work
of the future of those countries,
何らかの範囲で与えています
"We couldn't possibly do that."
アメリカでは言われます
will solve this problem,
offer even more paid leave to the women
高収入を得ている女性たちに
and highest-paid among us.
賛辞を送ります
are not going to participate in that.
これに参加すらできません
economic, financial, physical
驚くほどに経済的・金銭的・肉体的―
強いられているのを知っています
decided, not an accident,
私たちは「選択」したのです―
on to working mothers and their babies.
背負わせることを
for low-income women,
負担はさらに厳しいものです
for women of color.
有色女性に負担がかかっています
これはリスクでもあるのです
so-called choices to have babies
not to have babies.
し始めたらどうなるでしょう?
It shouldn't be traumatic.
苦しめられるべきではありません
our family now,
という話になると
to care for myself and a new baby.
どれだけ取れるかと考えます
the same way as with our first,
やらねばならないなら
to keep the population stable
出生率は
1.86人です
working women from doing that.
わざわざ思いとどまらせているのです
to innovation, to GDP,
GDPはどうなるでしょうか?
of this country were to decide
1人 また1人と
to do this thing more than once?
耐えられないと決めてしまったら?
one idea worth spreading,
広める価値のあるアイディアは1つです
for the most powerful country on Earth
of the future of this country
仕事をする人々と
who represent that future.
与えて然るべきです
国が助成するべきです
for small businesses,
起業家であるかにかかわらず
to be shared between partners.
分け合えるべきです
大変重要です
should have to go back to work
仕事に戻る女性を
to drain their savings account
そして絆を深める数日間のために
of rest and recovery and bonding.
家族をもう出してはいけません
from the incubator to day care
使い果たしてしまったために
all of their meager time
か弱い新生児を
should be told that the collision
重なってしまうことが
and their needed parenthood,
言われるような共働きの親を
to a new family, it is consuming,
この事態に手一杯で
is more financially vulnerable
それまでと比べて
to speak up on her own behalf.
声を上げる余裕がないということです
as a mother's issue,
語るのはやめるべきです
that these images tell us.
信じるのをやめるべきです
心地よさを感じてはいけません
why we're told that this can't work
上手く機能しているにもかかわらず
everywhere all over the world.
疑問に思うべきです
that this American reality
不名誉なことであり
what a working mother looks like.
働く母親の姿ではないからです
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessica Shortall - Strategy consultant, social entrepreneur and authorJessica Shortall is a working mom of two and author of Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Survival Guide to Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work.
Why you should listen
What do breastfeeding and paid leave for working mothers, sustainable eye care, hunger, green investing, giving shoes and the business case for LGBT equality have in common?
For Jessica Shortall, they have all been opportunities to change the world: challenges that need sustainable solutions and require a deep understanding of market forces, audiences, and cultures. They all require an intense dive into data, and they all benefit from powerful storytelling.
Shortall has provided strategy consulting to dozens of businesses, social enterprises, non-profit organizations and campaigns in the US, UK and beyond. Her first book, Work. Pump. Repeat: The New Mom's Guide to Surviving Breastfeeding and Going Back to Work, was inspired by her own experiences of circumnavigating the globe with a breast pump. She interviewed hundreds of working mothers and dozens of HR professionals to create a practical, relatable, judgment-free guide for women who want to try to continue breastfeeding after they've returned to work.
Shortall started her adult life as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Uzbekistan, and she haven't stopped searching for ways to change the world since, across non-profit and for-profit worlds. In the early 2000s, she co-founded and franchised a non-profit organization that is now active in more than 40 communities. In 2006, she received an MBA with honors from the University of Oxford, as a Skoll Scholar in Social Entrepreneurship. She went on to spend three years providing consulting services to social entrepreneurs. From 2009 to 2014, she was the first Director of Giving at TOMS Shoes, hired to build out the now-iconic One for One giving mission and strategy.
She currently lives in Dallas, TX with her husband Clay and her two children.
Jessica Shortall | Speaker | TED.com