TEDxDelft
Mileha Soneji: Simple hacks for life with Parkinson's
Mileha Sonedži: Vienkārši risinājumi Pārkinsona slimības pacientiem
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Vienkārši risinājumi bieži vien ir labākie, pat ja darīšana ir ar Pārkinsona slimību. Šajā iedvesmojošajā runā Mileha Sonedži atklāj vienkārša dizaina risinājumus, kas padara Pārkinsona pacientu ikdienu mazliet vieglāku. "Ne vienmēr ir vajadzīgas tehnoloģijas," viņa saka. "Mums ir vajadzīgi cilvēkorientēti risinājumi."
Mileha Soneji - Product designer
Mileha Soneji believes that having empathy and being able to put yourself in another person's shoes is what makes for great design. Full bio
Mileha Soneji believes that having empathy and being able to put yourself in another person's shoes is what makes for great design. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
In India, we have these huge families.
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Pie mums Indijā ģimenes ir milzīgas.
00:15
I bet a lot of you all
must have heard about it.
must have heard about it.
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Domājams, ka daudzi no jums
par to ir dzirdējuši.
par to ir dzirdējuši.
00:18
Which means that there are
a lot of family events.
a lot of family events.
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Tas nozīmē, ka ir daudz
ģimenes sanākšanu.
ģimenes sanākšanu.
00:21
So as a child, my parents
used to drag me to these family events.
used to drag me to these family events.
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Bērnībā mani vecāki mani vilka
uz dažādiem ģimenes saietiem.
uz dažādiem ģimenes saietiem.
00:26
But the one thing
that I always looked forward to
that I always looked forward to
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Bet tas, kas man vienmēr tajos patika,
00:29
was playing around with my cousins.
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bija spēlēšanās ar brālēniem un māsīcām.
00:32
And there was always this one uncle
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Un tur vienmēr bija viens onkulis,
00:34
who used to be there,
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kas allaž bija gatavs lēkāt kopā ar mums,
kam vienmēr padomā bija kāda spēle,
kam vienmēr padomā bija kāda spēle,
00:35
always ready, jumping around with us,
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00:37
having games for us,
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00:39
making us kids have the time of our lives.
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un mēs, bērni, bijām sajūsmā.
00:42
This man was extremely successful:
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Šis vīrs bija ļoti veiksmīgs:
00:45
he was confident and powerful.
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viņš bija pašpārliecināts un spēcīgs.
00:47
But then I saw this hale and hearty person
deteriorate in health.
deteriorate in health.
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Bet tad es redzēju, kā šis veselīgais
un sirsnīgais cilvēks zaudē veselību.
un sirsnīgais cilvēks zaudē veselību.
00:53
He was diagnosed with Parkinson's.
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Viņam atklāja Pārkinsona slimību.
00:56
Parkinson's is a disease that causes
degeneration of the nervous system,
degeneration of the nervous system,
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Pārkinsons ir slimība,
kas sagrauj nervu sistēmu, –
kas sagrauj nervu sistēmu, –
01:00
which means that this person
who used to be independent
who used to be independent
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tas nozīmē, ka cilvēks,
kas bijis neatkarīgs,
kas bijis neatkarīgs,
01:03
suddenly finds tasks like drinking coffee,
because of tremors, much more difficult.
because of tremors, much more difficult.
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roku trīcēšanas dēļ vairs netiek galā
ar tādām lietām kā kafijas dzeršana.
ar tādām lietām kā kafijas dzeršana.
01:09
My uncle started using a walker to walk,
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Mans onkulis sāka izmantot staigulīti,
01:12
and to take a turn,
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un, lai pagrieztos,
01:13
he literally had to take
one step at a time, like this,
one step at a time, like this,
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viņam burtiski vajadzēja
spert soli pa solim, lūk tā,
spert soli pa solim, lūk tā,
01:17
and it took forever.
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un tas bija ļoti lēni.
01:20
So this person, who used to be
the center of attention
the center of attention
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Drīz vien, šis vīrs,
kas katrā ģimenes saietā
bija bijis uzmanības centrā,
bija bijis uzmanības centrā,
01:23
in every family gathering,
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01:25
was suddenly hiding behind people.
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sāka slēpties aiz citu mugurām.
01:28
He was hiding from the pitiful look
in people's eyes.
in people's eyes.
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Viņš slēpās no ļaužu
žēlojošajiem skatieniem.
žēlojošajiem skatieniem.
01:32
And he's not the only one in the world.
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Un viņš tāds nav vienīgais pasaulē.
01:35
Every year, 60,000 people
are newly diagnosed with Parkinson's,
are newly diagnosed with Parkinson's,
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Katru gadu 60 000 cilvēku
diagnosticē Pārkinsona slimību,
diagnosticē Pārkinsona slimību,
01:40
and this number is only rising.
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un šis skaitlis arvien pieaug.
01:44
As designers, we dream that our designs
solve these multifaceted problems,
solve these multifaceted problems,
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Mēs, dizaineri, sapņojam, ka mūsu idejas
atrisinās šīs daudzpusīgās problēmas,
atrisinās šīs daudzpusīgās problēmas,
01:49
one solution that solves it all,
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– viens risinājums, kas der it visam, –
01:52
but it need not always be like that.
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bet tā tam ne vienmēr ir jābūt.
01:55
You can also target simple problems
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Var arī risināt vienkāršas problēmas
01:58
and create small solutions for them
and eventually make a big impact.
and eventually make a big impact.
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un radīt mazus risinājumus,
kam galu galā būtu liela nozīme.
kam galu galā būtu liela nozīme.
02:03
So my aim here was
to not cure Parkinson's,
to not cure Parkinson's,
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Tāpēc mans mērķis nebija
izārstēt Pārkinsona slimību,
izārstēt Pārkinsona slimību,
02:06
but to make their everyday tasks
much more simple,
much more simple,
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bet gan atvieglot slimnieku ikdienu,
02:09
and then make an impact.
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kas viņiem ir nozīmīgi.
02:12
Well, the first thing I targeted
was tremors, right?
was tremors, right?
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Pirmais uzdevums, kam pievērsos,
bija roku trīcēšana.
bija roku trīcēšana.
02:16
My uncle told me that he had stopped
drinking coffee or tea in public
drinking coffee or tea in public
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Mans onkulis teica, ka esot pārstājis
dzert kafiju vai tēju publiskās vietās,
dzert kafiju vai tēju publiskās vietās,
02:21
just out of embarrassment,
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tāpēc ka viņam vienkārši bija kauns.
02:23
so, well, I designed the no-spill cup.
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Tā nu es uzkonstruēju neizšļakstāmo krūzi.
02:27
It works just purely on its form.
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Tai ir funkcionāla forma.
02:29
The curve on top deflects the liquid
back inside every time they have tremors,
back inside every time they have tremors,
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Rokam notrīcot, ieliekums augšpusē
novada šķidrumu atpakaļ krūzē,
novada šķidrumu atpakaļ krūzē,
02:35
and this keeps the liquid inside
compared to a normal cup.
compared to a normal cup.
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un atšķirībā no parastas krūzes
šķidrums paliek tajā iekšā.
šķidrums paliek tajā iekšā.
02:38
But the key here is that it is not tagged
as a Parkinson's patient product.
as a Parkinson's patient product.
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Bet galvenais ir tas, ka tai virsū
nav rakstīts "Pārkinsona slimnieku krūze".
nav rakstīts "Pārkinsona slimnieku krūze".
02:44
It looks like a cup that could be used
by you, me, any clumsy person,
by you, me, any clumsy person,
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Tā izskatās tā, it kā to varētu lietot
jūs, es vai jebkurš neveikls cilvēks,
jūs, es vai jebkurš neveikls cilvēks,
02:48
and that makes it much more comforting
for them to use, to blend in.
for them to use, to blend in.
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tāpēc to lietot ir daudz patīkamāk,
tā ļauj iejukt pūlī.
tā ļauj iejukt pūlī.
02:53
So, well, one problem solved,
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Tā nu viena problēma atrisināta,
02:56
many more to go.
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daudz citas vēl priekšā.
02:58
All this while, I was interviewing him,
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Intervējot viņu,
03:01
questioning him,
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uzdodot viņam jautājumus,
03:02
and then I realized that I was getting
very superficial information,
very superficial information,
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es pēkšņi sapratu, ka iegūstu
ļoti virspusēju informāciju
ļoti virspusēju informāciju
03:06
or just answers to my questions.
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jeb tikai atbildes uz maniem jautājumiem.
03:09
But I really needed to dig deeper
to get a new perspective.
to get a new perspective.
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Bet man vajadzēja skatīties plašāk
un no cita skatupunkta.
un no cita skatupunkta.
03:13
So I thought, well,
let's observe him in his daily tasks,
let's observe him in his daily tasks,
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Tad es nolēmu
pavērot viņa ikdienas gaitas,
pavērot viņa ikdienas gaitas,
03:16
while he's eating, while he's watching TV.
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kā viņš ēd, skatās televīziju.
03:19
And then, when I was actually
observing him walking to his dining table,
observing him walking to his dining table,
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Un tad, kad vēroju viņu
ejam pie ēdamgalda,
ejam pie ēdamgalda,
03:23
it struck me, this man who finds it
so difficult to walk on flat land,
so difficult to walk on flat land,
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man pēkšņi ienāca prātā: ja viņam
ir tik grūti staigāt pa līdzenu virsmu,
ir tik grūti staigāt pa līdzenu virsmu,
03:29
how does he climb a staircase?
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kā gan viņš kāpj pa kāpnēm?
03:31
Because in India we do not have
a fancy rail that takes you up a staircase
a fancy rail that takes you up a staircase
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Jo Indijā nav smalku pacēlāju,
kas šādus cilvēkus uzvestu augšstāvā,
kas šādus cilvēkus uzvestu augšstāvā,
03:35
like in the developed countries.
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kā tas ir attīstītās valstīs.
03:37
One actually has to climb the stairs.
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Viņiem tiešām ir jākāpj pašiem.
03:39
So he told me,
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Tad nu viņš teica:
03:41
"Well, let me show you how I do it."
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"Es tev parādīšu, kā es to daru."
03:43
Let's take a look at what I saw.
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Paskatīsimies, ko es redzēju.
Viņam vajadzēja ilgu laiku,
lai sasniegtu šo sākumstāvokli,
lai sasniegtu šo sākumstāvokli,
03:48
So he took really long
to reach this position,
to reach this position,
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03:51
and then all this while, I'm thinking,
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un pa to laiku es domāju:
"Ak kungs, vai viņš tiešām to darīs?
03:53
"Oh my God, is he really going to do it?
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Vai viņš tik tiešām to darīs
bez turēšanās pie staigulīša?"
bez turēšanās pie staigulīša?"
03:55
Is he really, really going to do it
without his walker?"
without his walker?"
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03:58
And then ...
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Un tad...
04:02
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
04:08
And the turns, he took them so easily.
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Un pagriezieni viņam padevās tik viegli!
04:13
So -- shocked?
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Esat šokēti?
04:14
Well, I was too.
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Es arī biju.
04:19
So this person who could not
walk on flat land
walk on flat land
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Tātad šis cilvēks, kas nevar
pastaigāt pa līdzenu virsmu,
pastaigāt pa līdzenu virsmu,
04:22
was suddenly a pro at climbing stairs.
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izrādījās profesionālis,
kad jākāpj pa kāpnēm.
kad jākāpj pa kāpnēm.
04:25
On researching this, I realized that
it's because it's a continuous motion.
it's because it's a continuous motion.
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Pētot šo, es sapratu, ka tā notiek,
jo tā ir nepārtraukta kustība.
jo tā ir nepārtraukta kustība.
04:30
There's this other man
who also suffers from the same symptoms
who also suffers from the same symptoms
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Kāds cits vīrs,
kuram ir tādi paši simptomi,
kuram ir tādi paši simptomi,
04:33
and uses a walker,
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arī izmanto staigulīti,
04:35
but the moment he's put on a cycle,
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bet, līdzko uzkāpj uz divriteņa,
04:37
all his symptoms vanish,
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visi viņa simptomi pazūd,
04:38
because it is a continuous motion.
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jo tā ir nepārtraukta kustība.
04:41
So the key for me was to translate
this feeling of walking on a staircase
this feeling of walking on a staircase
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Tātad galvenais man bija pārnest
šo kāpšanas sajūtu
šo kāpšanas sajūtu
04:45
back to flat land.
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atpakaļ uz līdzenu virsmu.
04:47
And a lot of ideas
were tested and tried on him,
were tested and tried on him,
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Un mēs uz viņa izmēģinājām daudzas idejas,
04:50
but the one that finally worked
was this one. Let's take a look.
was this one. Let's take a look.
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bet viena, kas beidzot nostrādāja,
bija šī – palūkosimies.
bija šī – palūkosimies.
04:57
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
05:00
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
05:05
He walked faster, right?
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Viņš gāja ātrāk, vai ne?
05:06
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
05:11
I call this the staircase illusion,
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Es to dēvēju par kāpņu ilūziju,
05:14
and actually when the staircase illusion
abruptly ended, he froze,
abruptly ended, he froze,
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un, kad kāpņu ilūzija
pēkšņi beidzās, viņš sastinga.
pēkšņi beidzās, viņš sastinga.
05:18
and this is called freezing of gait.
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To sauc par gaitas sastingumu.
05:20
So it happens a lot,
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Tas notiek ļoti bieži,
05:21
so why not have a staircase illusion
flowing through all their rooms,
flowing through all their rooms,
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tad kāpēc gan mums neierīkot
kāpņu ilūziju cauri visām istabām,
kāpņu ilūziju cauri visām istabām,
05:25
making them feel much more confident?
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lai viņi justos daudz drošāk?
05:29
You know, technology is not always it.
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Ziniet, ne vienmēr vajadzīga tehnoloģija.
05:32
What we need are human-centered solutions.
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Mums vajag cilvēkorientētus risinājumus.
05:34
I could have easily
made it into a projection,
made it into a projection,
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Es būtu varējusi to izveidot kā projekciju
05:37
or a Google Glass, or something like that.
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vai izmantot Google Glass,
vai ko tamlīdzīgu.
vai ko tamlīdzīgu.
05:39
But I stuck to simple print on the floor.
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Bet es apstājos
pie parastām uzlīmēm uz grīdas.
pie parastām uzlīmēm uz grīdas.
05:42
This print could be taken into hospitals
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Šīs uzlīmes var izmantot slimnīcās,
05:45
to make them feel much more welcome.
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lai ļautu viņiem justies daudz labāk.
05:48
What I wish to do
is make every Parkinson's patient
is make every Parkinson's patient
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Tas, ko es vēlos,
ir ļaut katram Pārkinsona pacientam
ir ļaut katram Pārkinsona pacientam
05:51
feel like my uncle felt that day.
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justies tā, kā todien jutās mans onkulis.
05:54
He told me that I made him feel
like his old self again.
like his old self again.
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Viņš teica, ka esmu viņam ļāvusi
sajusties atkal kā pašam.
sajusties atkal kā pašam.
05:59
"Smart" in today's world
has become synonymous to high tech,
has become synonymous to high tech,
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"Vieds" mūsdienās ir kļuvis par sinonīmu
augstām tehnoloģijām,
augstām tehnoloģijām,
06:03
and the world is only getting
smarter and smarter day by day.
smarter and smarter day by day.
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un pasaule kļūst viedāka ar katru dienu.
06:07
But why can't smart be something
that's simple and yet effective?
that's simple and yet effective?
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Bet kāpēc gan vieds nevar būt
vienkāršs un efektīvs?
vienkāršs un efektīvs?
06:12
All we need is a little bit of empathy
and some curiosity,
and some curiosity,
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Mums vajadzīga tikai kripatiņa iejūtības
un nedaudz zinātkāres,
un nedaudz zinātkāres,
06:16
to go out there, observe.
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lai pavērotu.
06:18
But let's not stop at that.
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Bet neapstāsimies pie tā.
06:20
Let's find these complex problems.
Don't be scared of them.
Don't be scared of them.
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Meklēsim sarežģītās problēmas.
Nebaidīsimies no tām.
Nebaidīsimies no tām.
06:24
Break them, boil them down
into much smaller problems,
into much smaller problems,
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Sadalīsim tās, sasmalcināsim daudz mazākās
06:27
and then find simple solutions for them.
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un tad atradīsim tām
vienkāršus risinājumus.
vienkāršus risinājumus.
06:30
Test these solutions, fail if needed,
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Pārbaudīsim šos risinājumus,
noraidīsim, ja vajag,
noraidīsim, ja vajag,
06:33
but with newer insights to make it better.
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bet ar jaunām zināšanām, kā tos uzlabot.
06:36
Imagine what we all could do
if we all came up with simple solutions.
if we all came up with simple solutions.
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Iedomājieties, ko gan mēs spētu paveikt,
ja izdomātu vienkāršus risinājumus!
ja izdomātu vienkāršus risinājumus!
06:40
What would the world be like
if we combined all our simple solutions?
if we combined all our simple solutions?
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Kāda būtu šī pasaule, ja mēs apvienotu
visus mūsu vienkāršos risinājumus?
visus mūsu vienkāršos risinājumus?
06:44
Let's make a smarter world,
but with simplicity.
but with simplicity.
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Radīsim viedāku pasauli,
bet darīsim to ar vienkāršību.
bet darīsim to ar vienkāršību.
06:47
Thank you.
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Paldies.
06:49
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mileha Soneji - Product designerMileha Soneji believes that having empathy and being able to put yourself in another person's shoes is what makes for great design.
Why you should listen
Mileha Soneji is a trained strategic product designer, originally hailing from the city of Pune in India. She currently works in the Netherlands as a strategist. Her work entails combining the fuzzy front-end of the design process with emerging technologies to answer the question of what needs to be designed in the future.
Even as a child, Mileha had a keen interest in (re)designing things around her, even though she had little knowledge about it as a profession. This led her to take up the Bachelor in Product Design at the MIT School of Design. After graduation, she got a couple of years of work experience in India, where she quickly realized that apart from the actual tangible design, a successful product needs a backbone of thorough research in user needs and market analysis. The need to study this further brought Mileha to Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands to study Strategic Product Design for her Masters.
Mileha Soneji | Speaker | TED.com