Latif Nasser: You have no idea where camels really come from
Letifs Nassers: Uzminiet, no kurienes nāk kamieļi
Latif Nasser is the director of research at Radiolab, where he has reported on such disparate topics as culture-bound illnesses, snowflake photography, sinking islands and 16th-century automata. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
in digging up really old dead stuff.
ļoti vecu mirušu lietu uzrakšanā.
I had someone call me "Dr. Dead Things."
mani ir nosaukuši par „Dr. Miroņraci.”
she's particularly interesting
viņa ir īpaši interesanta
in the remote Canadian tundra.
attālā Kanādas tundrā.
the Fyles Leaf Bed,
kas saucas Fyles Leaf Bed,
away from the magnetic north pole.
no zemes magnētiskā ziemeļpola.
going to sound very exciting,
tas neizklausīsies ļoti aizraujoši,
with your backpack and your GPS
ar mugursomu plecos, GPS,
anything that might be a fossil.
kas varētu izrādīties fosilija.
she noticed something.
tādā kā rūsas krāsā,
it was just a splinter of wood,
ka tā ir tikai koka šķēpele,
people had found
viņi biji atraduši ļoti daudz
prehistoric plant parts.
es paņēmu palielināmo stiklu,
more closely and realizing
like this has tree rings.
ka tam būtu koka slāņojuma.
of that exact same bone,
tā paša kaula fragmentus,
It fits in a small Ziploc bag.
To var salikt Ziploc maisiņā.
together like a jigsaw puzzle.
kā mozaīkmīklu.
into so many little tiny pieces,
daudzās mazmazītiņās daļiņās.
and it's not looking good.
bet nekas īsti neizdevās.
NR: Yeah, right?
N.R.: Jā, vai ne?
to do it virtually.
to izdarīt ir daudz vieglāk.
when it all fits together.
kad viss saiet kopā.
that you had it right,
in the right way?
put it together a different way
ka to var salikt arī citādāk
No, we got this.
Mums sanāca, lūk, kas.
was a tibia, a leg bone,
atklājās, bija kājas stilba kauls,
to a cloven-hoofed mammal,
kādam pārnadžu zīdītājam,
it was huge. It's a really big animal.
tas bija milzīgs. Ļoti liels dzīvnieks.
viņa parādīja vienu no fragmentiem
one of the fragments
and we nicked just the edge of it,
un nošņāpām vienu maliņu,
smell that comes from it.
pēc apsvilinātas miesas.
in her gross anatomy lab:
topogrāfiskās anatomijas laboratorijā:
structure to our bones.
like a natural freezer and preserved it.
saldētava, kas to saglabājusi.
Natalia was at a conference in Bristol,
Nataļja bija konferencē Bristolē
of hers named Mike Buckley
that he called "collagen fingerprinting."
dēvēja par „kolagēna pirkstu nospiedumu”.
have slightly different structures
ir nedaudz atšķirīgas kolagēna struktūras.
of an unknown bone,
no nezināma kaula,
to those of known species,
nosūtīja vienu fragmentu.
It's kind of important.
Tas ir visai svarīgi.
and modern-day mammal species.
mūsdienu zīdītāju sugām.
the 3.5 million-year-old bone
out of the High Arctic
That's amazing -- if it's true.
Tas ir lieliski, ja tā ir taisnība.
a bunch of the fragments,
of the bone that they found,
larger than modern-day camels.
nekā mūsdienu kamieļi.
about nine feet tall,
ap 2,7 metri augumā
milzu arktisko kamieli.
of East and Central Asia.
divkupru kamielis.
you have in your brain
prātā pavīdošais pastkartītes foto
like the Middle East and the Sahara,
piemēram, Tuvajos Austrumos un Sahārā.
for those long desert treks,
ilgajos tuksneša pārgājienos,
tromp over sand dunes.
lai negrimtu smilšu kāpās.
end up in the High Arctic?
būtu nonācis tālu Arktikā?
for a long time, turns out,
originally American.
sākotnēji nāk no Amerikas.
that camels have been around,
kamieļu pastāvēšanas gadu
would they look different?
vai tie izskatītos citādāk?
different body sizes.
functionally like giraffes.
early ones would have been really small,
agrīnie bija pavisam mazi,
would not recognize.
es gribu klēpja truškamielīti!
wouldn't that be great?
Vai tas nebūtu brīnišķīgi?
to seven million years ago,
pirms 3 līdz 7 miljoniem gadu,
went down to South America,
nonāca Dienvidamerikā,
the Bering Land Bridge
Beringa zemes tiltu,
of the last ice age,
how Natalia found one so far north.
kā Nataļja atrada to tik tālu ziemeļos.
the polar opposite of the Sahara.
tas ir pilnīgs pretstats Sahārai.
warmer than it is now.
siltāks nekā tagad.
six-month-long winters
of straight darkness.
Saharan superstars
Sahāras superzvaigznēm
those arctic conditions?
think they have an answer.
ka viņiem uz to ir atbilde.
make the camel so well-suited
padara kamieļus tik piemērotus
get through the winter?
lai tiem palīdzētu pārdzīvot ziemu?
to tromp not over sand,
nevis bradāšanai pa smiltīm,
which, huge news to me,
kurā, par milzīgu pārsteigumu,
get through that six-month-long winter,
pārdzīvot sešu mēnešu garo ziemu,
it crossed over the land bridge
kad viņš šķērsoja zemes tiltu,
for a hot desert environment?
karstai tuksneša videi.
may be helpful to camels in hotter climes
varētu kamieļiem noderēt,
to have that insulation
nav siltuma izolējošā slāņa.
quintessential desert nature
kamieļa tuksneša dabai,
of its High Arctic past.
pierādīt tā arktisko vēsturi.
to tell this story.
to marvel at evolutionary biology
lai apbrīnotu evolucionāro bioloģiju
of climate change.
different reason.
pilnīgi cita iemesla dēļ.
a lot of scientists are historians, too.
daudzi zinātnieki arī ir vēsturnieki.
of our planet, of life on this planet.
zemeslodi un dzīvi uz tās.
of how the story goes.
kā tas varētu būt noticis.
un turamies pie tiem,
and we stick with it,
It's totally adapted for that.
Tas ir tam pilnībā pielāgots.
uncover some tiny bit of evidence.
varat atklāt kādu pierādījuma drusku.
everything you thought you knew.
ko jūsuprāt, zinājāt.
finds this one shard
viena zinātniece atrod šķēpeli,
new and totally counterintuitive theory
un pilnībā negaidītu teoriju
Dr. Seuss-looking creature
no Dr. Sjūsa grāmatām
the way I think of the camel.
kā es uzlūkoju kamieļus.
this ridiculously niche creature
savas nišas radības,
one specific environment,
tikai vienai noteiktai videi,
that just happens to be in the Sahara,
apceļotājus, kas nonākuši Sahārā,
tikpat kā jebkur pasaulē.
one of these for you here.
from her regular gig
as a living reminder
lai mums atgādinātu,
is a dynamic one.
to readjust, to reimagine.
pielāgoties, mainīt uzskatus.
just one shard of bone away
tikai vienas kaula šķēpeles attālumā
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Latif Nasser - Radio researcherLatif Nasser is the director of research at Radiolab, where he has reported on such disparate topics as culture-bound illnesses, snowflake photography, sinking islands and 16th-century automata.
Why you should listen
The history of science is "brimming with tales stranger than fiction," says Latif Nasser, who wrote his PhD dissertation on the Tanganyika Laughter Epidemic of 1962. A writer and researcher, Nasser is now the research director at Radiolab, a job that allows him to dive into archives, talk to interesting people and tell stories as a way to think about science and society.
Latif Nasser | Speaker | TED.com