TEDxRC2
Alberto Cairo: There are no scraps of men
Alberto Cairo: Neexistujú zvyšky človeka
Filmed:
Readability: 3
983,356 views
Ambulancia Alberta Caira v Afganistane bývala počas aktívnych bojov zatvorená. Dnes majú otvorené. V TEDxRC2 (RC znamená Červený kríž/Červený polmesiac) Cairo rozpovie silný príbeh o tom, prečo – a ako – našiel ľudskosť a dôstojnosť vo víre vojny.
Alberto Cairo - Physiotherapist
Alberto Cairo leads the International Red Cross' orthopedic rehabilitation work in Afghanistan. Full bio
Alberto Cairo leads the International Red Cross' orthopedic rehabilitation work in Afghanistan. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I've been in Afghanistan for 21 years.
0
0
2000
V Afganistane som už 21 rokov.
00:17
I work for the Red Cross
1
2000
3000
Pracujem pre Červený kríž
00:20
and I'm a physical therapist.
2
5000
3000
a som fyzioterapeut.
00:24
My job is to make arms and legs --
3
9000
3000
Mojou prácou je robiť ruky a nohy –
00:27
well it's not completely true.
4
12000
2000
no, to ale nie je úplná pravda.
00:29
We do more than that.
5
14000
2000
Robíme oveľa viac.
00:31
We provide the patients,
6
16000
2000
Pacientom,
00:33
the Afghan disabled,
7
18000
2000
zdravotne postihnutým Afgancom,
00:35
first with the physical rehabilitation
8
20000
3000
poskytujeme najprv telesnú rehabilitáciu
00:38
then with the social reintegration.
9
23000
3000
a následne reintegráciu do spoločnosti.
00:41
It's a very logical plan,
10
26000
3000
Je to veľmi logický plán,
00:44
but it was not always like this.
11
29000
2000
ale nie vždy to tak bolo.
00:46
For many years, we were just providing them
12
31000
2000
Mnoho rokov sme im poskytovali
00:48
with artificial limbs.
13
33000
3000
len umelé končatiny.
00:51
It took quite many years
14
36000
2000
Trvalo pomerne veľa rokov,
00:53
for the program to become what it is now.
15
38000
5000
kým sa program vyvinul do terajšej podoby.
00:58
Today, I would like to tell you a story,
16
43000
3000
Dnes by som vám chcel povedať príbeh,
01:01
the story of a big change,
17
46000
3000
príbeh o veľkej zmene
01:04
and the story of the people
18
49000
2000
a príbeh o ľuďoch,
01:06
who made this change possible.
19
51000
2000
ktorí túto zmenu umožnili.
01:08
I arrived in Afghanistan
20
53000
2000
Do Afganistanu som prišiel
01:10
in 1990
21
55000
4000
v roku 1990,
01:14
to work in a hospital
22
59000
3000
aby som pracoval v nemocnici
01:17
for war victims.
23
62000
2000
pre obete vojny.
01:19
And then, not only for war victims,
24
64000
2000
A potom nielen pre obete vojny,
01:21
but it was for any kind of patient.
25
66000
3000
ale pre akýchkoľvek pacientov.
01:24
I was also working
26
69000
2000
Pracoval som aj
01:26
in the orthopedic center, we call it.
27
71000
2000
v ortopedickom centre, ako ho voláme.
01:28
This is the place where we make the legs.
28
73000
3000
To je miesto, kde robíme nohy.
01:31
At that time
29
76000
2000
Vtedy
01:33
I found myself
30
78000
2000
som sa ocitol
01:35
in a strange situation.
31
80000
2000
vo zvláštnej situácii.
01:37
I felt not quite ready
32
82000
2000
Cítil som, že nie som celkom
01:39
for that job.
33
84000
2000
pripravený na túto prácu.
01:41
There was so much to learn.
34
86000
3000
Musel som sa toho toľko učiť.
01:44
There were so many things new to me.
35
89000
2000
Toľko vecí bolo pre mňa nových.
01:46
But it was a terrific job.
36
91000
2000
Ale bola to úžasná práca.
01:48
But as soon as the fighting intensified,
37
93000
2000
Ihneď po zosilnení bojov
01:50
the physical rehabilitation was suspended.
38
95000
3000
však rehabilitáciu zrušili.
01:53
There were many other things to do.
39
98000
2000
Bolo treba robiť toľko iných vecí.
01:55
So the orthopedic center was closed
40
100000
3000
Ortopedické stredisko sa teda zatvorilo,
01:58
because physical rehabilitation
41
103000
2000
lebo fyzická rehabilitácia
02:00
was not considered a priority.
42
105000
4000
sa nepokladala za prioritu.
02:08
It was a strange sensation.
43
113000
3000
Bol to divný pocit.
02:11
Anyway, you know every time I make this speech --
44
116000
3000
Mimochodom, vždy keď mám túto prednášku –
02:14
it's not the first time -- but it's an emotion.
45
119000
3000
nie je to prvýkrát – ide o pocit.
02:17
It's something that comes out from the past.
46
122000
2000
O niečo, čo pochádza z minulosti.
02:19
It's 21 years,
47
124000
2000
Je to už 21 rokov,
02:21
but they are still all there.
48
126000
3000
ale stále to tu všetko je.
02:24
Anyway, in 1992,
49
129000
3000
V každom prípade, v roku 1992
02:27
the Mujahideen took all Afghanistan.
50
132000
3000
mudžahedíni dobili celý Afganistan.
02:30
And the orthopedic center was closed.
51
135000
3000
A ortopedické stredisko sa zatvorilo.
02:33
I was assigned to work for the homeless,
52
138000
3000
Bol som pridelený na prácu pre bezdomovcov,
02:36
for the internally displaced people.
53
141000
3000
pre interne presídlených ľudí.
02:41
But one day, something happened.
54
146000
3000
Jedného dňa sa ale niečo stalo.
02:45
I was coming back
55
150000
2000
Vracal som sa
02:47
from a big food distribution in a mosque
56
152000
3000
z veľkého prerozdeľovania potravín v mešite,
02:50
where tens and tens of people
57
155000
4000
kde sa celé desiatky ľudí
02:54
were squatting in terrible conditions.
58
159000
4000
krčili v strašných podmienkach.
02:58
I wanted to go home. I was driving.
59
163000
3000
Chcel som ísť domov. Šoféroval som.
03:01
You know, when you want to forget,
60
166000
2000
Poznáte to, keď chcete zabudnúť,
03:03
you don't want to see things,
61
168000
2000
nechcete nič vidieť,
03:05
so you just want to go to your room, to lock yourself inside
62
170000
3000
chcete sa len odobrať do svojej izby, zamknúť sa v nej
03:08
and say, "That's enough."
63
173000
4000
a povedať: „Už stačilo.“
03:12
A bomb fell not far from my car --
64
177000
3000
Neďaleko od môjho auta dopadla bomba –
03:15
well, far enough, but big noise.
65
180000
3000
dostatočne ďaleko, ale urobila hrozný rachot.
03:18
And everybody disappeared from the street.
66
183000
4000
Z ulice sa každý vyparil.
03:22
The cars disappeared as well.
67
187000
3000
Zmizli aj autá.
03:25
I ducked.
68
190000
2000
Rýchlo som sa skrčil.
03:27
And only one figure
69
192000
2000
Len jedna postava
03:29
remained in the middle of the road.
70
194000
2000
zostala v strede cesty.
03:31
It was a man in a wheelchair
71
196000
3000
Bol to chlap na vozíčku,
03:34
desperately trying to move away.
72
199000
3000
ktorý sa zúfalo snažil dostať preč.
03:37
Well I'm not a particularly brave person,
73
202000
2000
Ja teda nie som mimoriadne odvážny človek,
03:39
I have to confess it,
74
204000
2000
to si musím priznať,
03:41
but I could not just ignore him.
75
206000
4000
ale nemohol som ho len tak ignorovať.
03:45
So I stopped the car
76
210000
3000
Preto som zastavil
03:48
and I went to help.
77
213000
3000
a išiel som mu pomôcť.
03:51
The man was without legs
78
216000
3000
Ten človek nemal nohy
03:54
and only with one arm.
79
219000
3000
a mal len jednu ruku.
03:57
Behind him there was a child, his son,
80
222000
3000
Za ním bolo dieťa, jeho syn,
04:00
red in the face
81
225000
2000
červený v tvári,
04:02
in an effort to push the father.
82
227000
4000
ako sa snažil tlačiť otca.
04:06
So I took him into a safe place.
83
231000
3000
Zobral som ho teda do bezpečia.
04:09
And I ask, "What are you doing out in the street
84
234000
4000
A pýtam sa: „Čo robíte vonku na ulici
04:13
in this situation?"
85
238000
2000
v takejto situácii?“
04:15
"I work," he said.
86
240000
2000
„Pracujem,“ povedal.
04:17
I wondered, what work?
87
242000
3000
Divil som sa, akú prácu robí.
04:20
And then I ask an even more stupid question:
88
245000
3000
A potom som sa opýtal ešte hlúpejšie:
04:23
"Why don't you have the prostheses?
89
248000
2000
„Prečo nemáte protézy?
04:25
Why don't you have the artificial legs?"
90
250000
2000
Prečo nemáte umelé nohy?“
04:27
And he said, "The Red Cross has closed."
91
252000
4000
A on povedal: „Červený kríž zatvorili.“
04:31
Well without thinking, I told him
92
256000
3000
Bez rozmýšľania som mu povedal
04:34
"Come tomorrow.
93
259000
2000
„Príďte zajtra.
04:36
We will provide you with a pair of legs."
94
261000
4000
Dáme vám pár nôh.“
04:40
The man, his name was Mahmoud,
95
265000
3000
Muž, volal sa Mahmúd,
04:43
and the child, whose name was Rafi, left.
96
268000
4000
a dieťa, ktoré sa volalo Rafí, odišli.
04:47
And then I said, "Oh, my God. What did I say?
97
272000
4000
Vtedy som si uvedomil: „Ach, Bože, čo som to povedal?
04:51
The center is closed,
98
276000
2000
Stredisko je zatvorené,
04:53
no staff around.
99
278000
2000
žiadny personál tu nie je.
04:55
Maybe the machinery is broken.
100
280000
3000
Strojové vybavenie je možno pokazené.
04:58
Who is going to make the legs for him?"
101
283000
3000
Kto mu tie nohy vyrobí?“
05:01
So I hoped that he would not come.
102
286000
4000
Dúfal som preto, že nepríde.
05:05
This is the streets of Kabul
103
290000
3000
Také boli ulice Kábulu
05:08
in those days.
104
293000
3000
v tých dňoch.
05:11
So I said, "Well I will give him some money."
105
296000
3000
Povedal som si: „Nuž dám mu nejaké peniaze.“
05:14
And so the following day,
106
299000
2000
V nasledujúci deň
05:16
I went to the orthopedic center.
107
301000
3000
som teda išiel do ortopedického strediska.
05:19
And I spoke with a gatekeeper.
108
304000
4000
Hovoril som s vrátnikom.
05:23
I was ready to tell him,
109
308000
2000
Išiel som mu povedať:
05:25
"Listen, if someone such-and-such comes tomorrow,
110
310000
3000
„Počúvajte, ak sem zajtra príde nejaký taký človek,
05:28
please tell him that it was a mistake.
111
313000
3000
povedzte mu, že došlo k chybe.
05:31
Nothing can be done.
112
316000
2000
Nič sa nedá robiť.
05:33
Give him some money."
113
318000
2000
Dajte mu nejaké peniaze.“
05:35
But Mahmoud and his son were already there.
114
320000
2000
Ale Mahmúd so synom tam už boli.
05:37
And they were not alone.
115
322000
2000
A neboli sami.
05:39
There were 15, maybe 20, people like him waiting.
116
324000
5000
Čakalo tam 15, možno i 20 takých ľudí.
05:44
And there was some staff too.
117
329000
4000
Aj nejakí zamestnanci.
05:48
Among them there was my right-hand man,
118
333000
3000
Medzi nimi bola aj moja pravá ruka,
05:51
Najmuddin.
119
336000
2000
Nadžmuddín.
05:53
And the gatekeeper told me,
120
338000
3000
Vrátnik mi povedal:
05:56
"They come everyday to see if the center will open."
121
341000
4000
„Chodia sem každý deň, či sa stredisko otvorí.“
06:00
I said, "No.
122
345000
2000
Povedal som: „Nie.
06:02
We have to go away. We cannot stay here."
123
347000
2000
Musíme ísť preč. Nemôžeme tu ostať.“
06:04
They were bombing -- not very close -- but you could hear the noise of the bombs.
124
349000
3000
Práve prebiehalo bombardovanie – nie veľmi blízko, ale bolo počuť rachot bômb.
06:07
So, "We cannot stay here, it's dangerous.
125
352000
3000
„Nemôžeme tu ostať, je to nebezpečné.
06:10
It's not a priority."
126
355000
2000
Nie je to priorita.“
06:12
But Najmuddin told me, "Listen now, we're here."
127
357000
4000
Ale Nadžmuddín mi povedal: „Počúvajte, teraz sme tu.“
06:16
At least we can start repairing the prostheses, the broken prostheses of the people
128
361000
3000
Prinajmenšom môžeme začať opravovať protézy, pokazené protézy ľudí
06:19
and maybe try to do something
129
364000
2000
a azda sa pokúsiť niečo urobiť
06:21
for people like Mahmoud."
130
366000
2000
pre ľudí ako Mahmúd.“
06:23
I said, "No, please. We cannot do that.
131
368000
3000
Povedal som: „Nie, prosím. To nemôžeme.
06:26
It's really dangerous.
132
371000
3000
Je to naozaj nebezpečné.
06:29
We have other things to do."
133
374000
2000
Musíme robiť iné veci.“
06:31
But they insisted.
134
376000
2000
Oni ale trvali na svojom.
06:33
When you have 20 people
135
378000
2000
Keď máte pred sebou 20 ľudí,
06:35
in front of you, looking at you
136
380000
2000
ktorí sa na vás pozerajú,
06:37
and you are the one who has to decide ...
137
382000
3000
a vy ste ten, čo má rozhodnúť...
06:40
So we started doing some repairs.
138
385000
3000
Začali sme teda s nejakými opravami.
06:43
Also one of the physical therapists
139
388000
2000
Jeden fyzioterapeut oznámil,
06:45
reported that Mahmoud
140
390000
2000
že Mahmúdovi bude možné
06:47
could be provided with a leg,
141
392000
2000
dať nohu,
06:49
but not immediately.
142
394000
2000
ale nie okamžite.
06:51
The legs were swollen
143
396000
2000
Nohy mal opuchnuté
06:53
and the knees were stiff,
144
398000
2000
a kolená stuhnuté,
06:55
so he needed a long preparation.
145
400000
2000
takže bude potrebovať dlhú prípravu.
06:57
Believe me, I was worried
146
402000
2000
Verte mi, mal som obavy,
06:59
because I was breaking the rules.
147
404000
2000
lebo som porušoval predpisy.
07:01
I was doing something
148
406000
2000
Robil som niečo,
07:03
that I was not supposed to do.
149
408000
3000
čo som nemal.
07:06
In the evening,
150
411000
2000
Večer
07:08
I went to speak with the bosses at the headquarters,
151
413000
2000
som sa išiel porozprávať so šéfmi na ústredí
07:10
and I told them -- I lied --
152
415000
2000
a povedal som im – klamal som –
07:12
I told them, "Listen, we are going to start
153
417000
3000
povedal som: Začneme fungovať
07:15
a couple of hours per day,
154
420000
3000
pár hodín denne,
07:18
just a few repairs."
155
423000
2000
len na pár opráv.“
07:20
Maybe some of them are here now.
156
425000
2000
Možno tu dnes niektorí z nich sú.
07:22
(Laughter)
157
427000
3000
(Smiech)
07:25
So we started.
158
430000
3000
Tak sme začali.
07:28
I was working, I was going everyday
159
433000
3000
Pracoval som, každý deň som chodil
07:31
to work for the homeless.
160
436000
3000
pracovať pre bezdomovcov.
07:34
And Najmuddin was staying there,
161
439000
2000
Naždmuddín tam zostával,
07:36
doing everything and reporting on the patients.
162
441000
2000
všetko robil a podával správy o pacientoch.
07:38
He was telling me, "Patients are coming."
163
443000
3000
Hovoril mi: „Pacienti idú.“
07:41
We knew that many more patients
164
446000
2000
Vedeli sme, že veľa ďalších pacientov
07:43
could not come, prevented by the fighting.
165
448000
3000
nemôže prísť, bránili im v tom boje.
07:46
But people were coming.
166
451000
2000
Ľudia však prichádzali.
07:48
And Mahmoud was coming every day.
167
453000
3000
Aj Mahmúd prichádzal každý deň.
07:51
And slowly, slowly
168
456000
2000
A pomaly, pomaličky,
07:53
week after week
169
458000
2000
týždeň za týždňom,
07:55
his legs were improving.
170
460000
3000
sa mu nohy zlepšovali.
07:58
The stump or cast prosthesis was made,
171
463000
4000
Vyhotovila sa privykacia protéza alebo odliatok protézy
08:02
and he was starting
172
467000
2000
a začal
08:04
the real physical rehabilitation.
173
469000
3000
skutočnú telesnú rehabilitáciu.
08:07
He was coming every day,
174
472000
2000
Chodil každý deň,
08:09
crossing the front line.
175
474000
2000
prekračujúc frontovú líniu.
08:11
A couple of times I crossed the front line
176
476000
2000
Aj ja som niekoľkokrát prekročil frontovú líniu
08:13
in the very place where Mahmoud and his son were crossing.
177
478000
3000
presne v mieste, kadiaľ prechádzal Mahmúd so synom.
08:16
I tell you, it was something so sinister
178
481000
3000
Poviem vám, bolo to niečo také zlovestné,
08:19
that I was astonished he could do it every day.
179
484000
5000
až som sa divil, že to dokázal každý deň.
08:24
But finally, the great day arrived.
180
489000
4000
Napokon však prišiel veľký deň.
08:28
Mahmoud was going to be discharged
181
493000
2000
Mahmúda sme mali prepustiť
08:30
with his new legs.
182
495000
2000
s novými nohami.
08:32
It was April, I remember,
183
497000
2000
Pamätám si, že to bolo v apríli,
08:34
a very beautiful day.
184
499000
2000
bol veľmi pekný deň.
08:36
April in Kabul is beautiful,
185
501000
2000
Apríl v Kábule je krásny,
08:38
full of roses, full of flowers.
186
503000
3000
plný ruží, plný kvetov.
08:41
We could not possibly stay indoors,
187
506000
3000
Azda sme ani nemohli vydržať vnútri,
08:44
with all these sandbags at the windows.
188
509000
3000
keďže v oknách boli vrecia s pieskom.
08:47
Very sad, dark.
189
512000
3000
Veľmi smutno, tmavo.
08:50
So we chose a small spot in the garden.
190
515000
3000
Vybrali sme si teda miestečko v záhrade.
08:53
And Mahmoud put on his prostheses,
191
518000
3000
Mahmúd si založil protézy,
08:56
the other patients did the same,
192
521000
3000
podobne ako ostatní pacienti,
08:59
and they started practicing
193
524000
2000
a začali posledný nácvik
09:01
for the last time before being discharged.
194
526000
2000
pred prepustením.
09:03
Suddenly, they started fighting.
195
528000
2000
Náhle začali boje.
09:05
Two groups of Mujahideen started fighting.
196
530000
4000
Dve skupiny mudžahedínov začali bojovať.
09:09
We could hear in the air
197
534000
3000
Vo vzduchu sme počuli
09:12
the bullets passing.
198
537000
2000
svišťať guľky.
09:14
So we dashed, all of us,
199
539000
2000
Všetci sme sa vrhli
09:16
towards the shelter.
200
541000
3000
do úkrytu.
09:20
Mahmoud grabbed his son, I grabbed someone else.
201
545000
2000
Mahmúd zlapil svojho syna, ja niekoho iného.
09:22
Everybody was grabbing something.
202
547000
2000
Každý chytro niečo chytil.
09:24
And we ran.
203
549000
2000
A bežali sme.
09:26
You know, 50 meters can be a long distance
204
551000
2000
Viete, 50 metrov môže byť veľká diaľka,
09:28
if you are totally exposed,
205
553000
2000
ak ste totálne nekrytí,
09:30
but we managed to reach the shelter.
206
555000
4000
ale dokázali sme dobehnúť do úkrytu.
09:34
Inside, all of us panting,
207
559000
3000
Všetci vnútri sme dychčali,
09:37
I sat a moment and I heard Rafi telling his father,
208
562000
4000
na chvíľku som si sadol a počul som, ako Rafí hovorí otcovi:
09:41
"Father, you can run faster than me."
209
566000
3000
„Otec, veď ty bežíš rýchlejšie ako ja.“
09:44
(Laughter)
210
569000
2000
(Smiech)
09:46
And Mahmoud, "Of course I can.
211
571000
3000
A Mahmúd: „Samozrejme.
09:49
I can run, and now you can go to school.
212
574000
3000
Už viem bežať a ty teraz môžeš chodiť do školy.
09:52
No need of staying with me all the day
213
577000
3000
Už so mnou nemusíš ostávať celý deň
09:55
pushing my wheelchair."
214
580000
2000
a tlačiť ma na vozíku.“
09:57
Later on, we took them home.
215
582000
2000
Neskôr sme ich zobrali domov.
09:59
And I will never forget
216
584000
2000
Nikdy nezabudnem,
10:01
Mahmoud and his son walking together
217
586000
3000
ako si Mahmúd a jeho syn spolu vykračovali
10:04
pushing the empty wheelchair.
218
589000
3000
tlačiac prázdny vozíček.
10:07
And then I understood,
219
592000
3000
Vtedy som pochopil,
10:10
physical rehabilitation is a priority.
220
595000
4000
že telesná rehabilitácia je priorita.
10:14
Dignity cannot wait for better times.
221
599000
4000
Dôstojnosť nepočká na lepšie časy.
10:19
From that day on, we never closed a single day.
222
604000
4000
Odvtedy sme už ani jeden deň nemali zatvorené.
10:24
Well sometimes we were suspended for a few hours,
223
609000
2000
Niekedy sme síce prerušili prácu na pár hodín,
10:26
but we never, we never closed it again.
224
611000
3000
ale už nikdy, nikdy sme neboli zatvorení.
10:31
I met Mahmoud one year later.
225
616000
2000
O rok neskôr som stretol Mahmúda.
10:33
He was in good shape --
226
618000
4000
Bol v dobrej kondícii –
10:37
a bit thinner.
227
622000
3000
trošku štíhlejší.
10:40
He needed to change his prostheses --
228
625000
3000
Potreboval vymeniť protézy –
10:43
a new pair of prostheses.
229
628000
3000
nový pár protéz.
10:46
I asked about his son.
230
631000
2000
Opýtal som sa ho na syna.
10:48
He told me, "He's at school. He'd doing quite well."
231
633000
2000
Povedal mi: „Je v škole. Darí sa mu celkom dobre.“
10:50
But I understood he wanted to tell me something.
232
635000
4000
Pochopil som však, že mi chce niečo povedať.
10:54
So I asked him, "What is that?"
233
639000
4000
Opýtal som sa: „O čo ide?“
10:58
He was sweating.
234
643000
2000
Potil sa.
11:00
He was clearly embarrassed.
235
645000
4000
Evidentne sa hanbil.
11:04
And he was standing in front of me,
236
649000
3000
Stál tam predo mnou,
11:07
his head down.
237
652000
3000
hlavu zvesenú.
11:10
He said, "You have taught me to walk.
238
655000
4000
Povedal mi: „Naučili ste ma chodiť.
11:14
Thank you very much.
239
659000
3000
Ďakujem veľmi pekne.
11:17
Now help me not to be a beggar anymore."
240
662000
4000
Teraz mi pomôžte, aby som už nemusel žobrať.“
11:21
That was the job.
241
666000
2000
To bolo tá jeho práca.
11:23
"My children are growing.
242
668000
3000
„Deti mi rastú.
11:26
I feel ashamed.
243
671000
2000
Hanbím sa.
11:28
I don't want them to be teased at school
244
673000
3000
Nechcem, aby si ich v škole doberali
11:31
by the other students."
245
676000
3000
iní žiaci.“
11:34
I said, "Okay."
246
679000
2000
Povedal som: „Dobre.“
11:36
I thought, how much money do I have in my pocket?
247
681000
2000
Zamyslel som sa, koľko peňazí mám vo vrecku.
11:38
Just to give him some money.
248
683000
2000
Dal by som mu nejaké peniaze.
11:40
It was the easiest way.
249
685000
2000
To bola najľahšia cesta.
11:42
He read my mind,
250
687000
2000
Prečítal mi moje myšlienky,
11:44
and he said, "I ask for a job."
251
689000
5000
a povedal: „Žiadam prácu.“
11:50
And then he added something
252
695000
3000
A potom dodal niečo,
11:53
I will never forget for the rest of my life.
253
698000
4000
na čo do konca života nezabudnem.
11:57
He said, "I am a scrap of a man,
254
702000
6000
Povedal: „Som len zvyšok človeka,
12:03
but if you help me,
255
708000
2000
ale ak mi pomôžete,
12:05
I'm ready to do anything,
256
710000
3000
som pripravený robiť čokoľvek,
12:08
even if I have to crawl on the ground."
257
713000
4000
i keby som sa mal plaziť po zemi.“
12:12
And then he sat down.
258
717000
2000
Potom si sadol.
12:14
I sat down too with goosebumps everywhere.
259
719000
4000
Aj ja som si sadol, všade som mal husiu kožu.
12:22
Legless, with only one arm,
260
727000
4000
Bez nôh, len s jednou rukou,
12:26
illiterate,
261
731000
3000
negramotný,
12:29
unskilled --
262
734000
3000
bez kvalifikácie –
12:32
what job for him?
263
737000
4000
akú mu dať prácu?
12:37
Najmuddin told me, "Well we have a vacancy
264
742000
3000
Nadžmuddín mi povedal: „Máme voľné miesto
12:40
in the carpentry shop."
265
745000
2000
v tesárskej dielni.“
12:42
"What?" I said, "Stop."
266
747000
5000
„Čo?“, povedal som. „Prestaňte.“
12:47
"Well yes, we need to increase the production of feet.
267
752000
5000
„Ale áno, musíme zvýšiť výrobu chodidiel.
12:52
We need to employ someone
268
757000
3000
Musíme niekoho zamestnať,
12:55
to glue and to screw the sole of the feet.
269
760000
4000
kto bude lepiť a skrutkovať podrážky na chodidlá.
12:59
We need to increase the production."
270
764000
3000
Musíme zvýšiť výrobu.“
13:02
"Excuse me?"
271
767000
2000
„Prepáčte?“
13:04
I could not believe.
272
769000
4000
Nemohol som tomu uveriť.
13:08
And then he said,
273
773000
3000
Potom povedal:
13:11
"No, we can modify the workbench
274
776000
3000
„Nie, môžeme upraviť pracovný stôl,
13:14
maybe to put a special stool,
275
779000
2000
možno bude treba špeciálnu stoličku,
13:16
a special anvil, special vice,
276
781000
4000
špeciálnu podkovu, špeciálny zverák
13:20
and maybe an electric screwdriver."
277
785000
2000
a možno aj elektrický skrutkovač.“
13:22
I said, "Listen, it's insane.
278
787000
3000
Povedal som: „Počúvaj, to je šialené.
13:25
And it's even cruel to think of anything like this.
279
790000
3000
Ba dokonca kruté na to čo i len pomyslieť.
13:28
That's a production line and a very fast one.
280
793000
3000
Je tam výrobná linka, ktorá je veľmi rýchla.
13:31
It's cruel
281
796000
2000
Je kruté
13:33
to offer him a job
282
798000
2000
ponúknuť mu prácu,
13:35
knowing that he's going to fail."
283
800000
5000
keď vieme, že určite zlyhá.“
13:40
But with Najmuddin, we cannot discuss.
284
805000
4000
S Nadžmuddínom sa však nedá diskutovať.
13:44
So the only things I could manage to obtain
285
809000
6000
Jediné, čo som mohol dosiahnuť,
13:50
was a kind of a compromise.
286
815000
4000
bol len určitý kompromis.
13:54
Only one week --
287
819000
2000
Len jeden týždeň –
13:56
one week try and not a single day more.
288
821000
3000
len jeden týždeň na skúšku a ani o deň dlhšie.
13:59
One week later,
289
824000
2000
O týždeň
14:01
Mahmoud was the fastest in the production line.
290
826000
4000
bol Mahmúd najrýchlejší pracovník výrobnej linky.
14:05
I told Najmuddin, "That's a trick.
291
830000
3000
Hovoril som Naždmuddínovi: „To je nejaký švindeľ.
14:08
I can't believe it."
292
833000
2000
Nemôžem tomu uveriť.“
14:10
The production was up 20 percent.
293
835000
2000
Výroba stúpla o 20 percent.
14:12
"It's a trick, it's a trick," I said.
294
837000
3000
„To je trik, to je trik,“ hovoril som.
14:15
And then I asked for verification.
295
840000
2000
A potom som požiadal o preverenie.
14:17
It was true.
296
842000
3000
Bola to pravda.
14:20
The comment of Najmuddin was Mahmoud has something to prove.
297
845000
3000
Nadžmuddín to komentoval tak, že Mahmúd si chce niečo dokázať.
14:23
I understood
298
848000
2000
Pochopil som,
14:25
that I was wrong again.
299
850000
3000
že znova som sa mýlil.
14:28
Mahmoud had looked taller.
300
853000
2000
Mahmúd sa javil byť vyšší.
14:30
I remember him sitting behind the workbench smiling.
301
855000
6000
Pamätám si ho, ako sedí usmiaty za pracovným stolom.
14:36
He was a new man,
302
861000
3000
Bol to nový človek,
14:39
taller again.
303
864000
3000
znova o niečo vyšší.
14:42
Of course, I understood
304
867000
2000
Pochopiteľne, chápal som,
14:44
that what made him stand tall --
305
869000
4000
čo mu umožnilo chodiť so vztýčenou hlavou –
14:48
yeah they were the legs, thank you very much --
306
873000
2000
áno, nohy, ďakujem veľmi pekne –
14:50
but as a first step,
307
875000
3000
ale v prvom rade
14:53
it was the dignity.
308
878000
2000
to bola dôstojnosť.
14:55
He has regained his full dignity
309
880000
3000
Znova nadobudol svoju plnú dôstojnosť
14:58
thanks to that job.
310
883000
2000
vďaka tej práci.
15:00
So of course, I understood.
311
885000
2000
Samozrejme, chápal som to.
15:02
And then we started a new policy --
312
887000
3000
Potom sme začali uplatňovať nové zásady –
15:05
a new policy completely different.
313
890000
2000
nové, úplne odlišné zásady.
15:07
We decided to employ
314
892000
2000
Rozhodli sme sa zamestnávať
15:09
as many disabled as possible
315
894000
2000
čo najviac postihnutých ľudí,
15:11
to train them in any possible job.
316
896000
2000
aby sme ich vyškolili na akúkoľvek možnú prácu.
15:13
It became a policy of "positive discrimination,"
317
898000
3000
Uplatňovali sme zásady „pozitívnej diskriminácie“,
15:16
we call it now.
318
901000
3000
ako to dnes voláme.
15:19
And you know what?
319
904000
2000
A viete čo?
15:21
It's good for everybody.
320
906000
2000
Je to dobré pre všetkých.
15:23
Everybody benefits from that --
321
908000
3000
Každý má z toho osoh –
15:26
those employed, of course,
322
911000
2000
tí zamestnaní, pochopiteľne,
15:28
because they get a job
323
913000
2000
lebo dostali prácu
15:30
and dignity.
324
915000
2000
a dôstojnosť.
15:32
But also for the newcomers.
325
917000
2000
Ale aj nováčikovia.
15:34
They are 7,000 every year --
326
919000
3000
Každý rok ich je 7 000 –
15:37
people coming for the first time.
327
922000
2000
ľudia, ktorí prídu po prvýkrát.
15:39
And you should see the faces of these people
328
924000
2000
A mali by ste vidieť tváre týchto ľudí,
15:41
when they realize that those assisting them are like them.
329
926000
3000
keď zistia, že tí, čo im pomáhajú, sú ľudia ako oni.
15:44
Sometimes you see them,
330
929000
2000
Niekedy vidíte,
15:46
they look, "Oh."
331
931000
3000
ako sa pozrú, a „Ach.“
15:49
And you see the faces.
332
934000
2000
Vidíte tie tváre.
15:51
And then the surprise turns into hope.
333
936000
5000
A vidíte, ako sa prekvapenie mení na nádej.
15:58
And it's easy for me as well to train someone
334
943000
3000
Aj pre mňa je ľahké vyškoliť niekoho,
16:01
who has already passed through the experience of disability.
335
946000
3000
kto už má skúsenosť s vlastným postihnutím.
16:04
Poof, they learn much faster -- the motivation,
336
949000
4000
A navyše sa učia omnoho rýchlejšie – motivácia,
16:08
the empathy they can establish with the patient
337
953000
2000
empatia, ktorú cítia k pacientovi,
16:10
is completely different, completely.
338
955000
3000
je úplne, ale úplne iná.
16:14
Scraps of men do not exist.
339
959000
3000
Neexistujú zvyšky človeka.
16:17
People like Mahmoud
340
962000
2000
Ľudia ako Mahmúd
16:19
are agents of change.
341
964000
3000
sú prostredníkmi zmeny.
16:22
And when you start changing, you cannot stop.
342
967000
3000
A keď sa raz spustí zmena, už sa nedá zastaviť.
16:25
So employing people, yes,
343
970000
2000
Takže zamestnávať ľudí, áno,
16:27
but also we started programming projects
344
972000
3000
ale začali sme aj programové projekty
16:30
of microfinance, education.
345
975000
2000
mikrofinancovania, vzdelávania.
16:32
And when you start, you cannot stop.
346
977000
2000
A keď raz začnete, už nemôžete prestať.
16:34
So you do vocational training,
347
979000
2000
Robíme teda učňovskú prípravu,
16:36
home education for those who cannot go to school.
348
981000
3000
domáce vzdelávanie pre tých, ktorí nemôžu chodiť do školy.
16:39
Physical therapies can be done, not only in the orthopedic center,
349
984000
2000
Fyzioterapia sa dá vykonávať nielen v ortopedickom stredisku,
16:41
but also in the houses of the people.
350
986000
2000
ale aj doma u ľudí.
16:43
There is always a better way to do things.
351
988000
4000
Vždy sa dá niečo robiť lepšie.
16:47
That's Najmuddin, the one with the white coat.
352
992000
3000
Toto je Nadžmuddín, ten v bielom plášti.
16:50
Terrible Najmuddin, is that one.
353
995000
3000
Strašný Nadžmuddín, to je on.
16:53
I have learned a lot
354
998000
2000
Veľa som sa naučil
16:55
from people like Najmuddin, Mahmoud, Rafi.
355
1000000
2000
od ľudí ako Nadžmuddín, Mahmúd, Rafí.
16:57
They are my teachers.
356
1002000
2000
Oni sú moji učitelia.
16:59
I have a wish, a big wish,
357
1004000
3000
Mám jedno želanie, veľké želanie,
17:02
that this way of working, this way of thinking,
358
1007000
3000
aby sa tento spôsob práce, tento spôsob myslenia,
17:05
is going to be implemented in other countries.
359
1010000
3000
etabloval aj v iných krajinách.
17:08
There are plenty of countries at war like Afghanistan.
360
1013000
4000
Je veľa krajín ako Afganistan, kde zúri vojna.
17:13
It is possible and it is not difficult.
361
1018000
3000
Je to možné a nie je to ťažké.
17:16
All we have to do
362
1021000
2000
Jediné, čo musíme spraviť,
17:18
is to listen to the people
363
1023000
3000
je počúvať ľudí,
17:21
that we are supposed assist,
364
1026000
3000
ktorým máme pomáhať,
17:24
to make them part
365
1029000
2000
aby sa stali súčasťou
17:26
of the decision-making process
366
1031000
3000
rozhodovacieho procesu
17:29
and then, of course, to adapt.
367
1034000
3000
a potom sa, samozrejme, prispôsobiť.
17:32
This is my big wish.
368
1037000
3000
Toto je moje veľké želanie.
17:36
Well don't think that the changes in Afghanistan are over;
369
1041000
3000
Nemyslite si, že zmeny v Afganistane sú už hotové,
17:39
not at all. We are going on.
370
1044000
2000
to vôbec nie. Pokračujeme.
17:41
Recently we have just started a program,
371
1046000
3000
Nedávno sme začali program,
17:44
a sport program --
372
1049000
2000
športový program –
17:46
basketball for wheelchair users.
373
1051000
2000
basketbal pre vozíčkarov.
17:48
We transport the wheelchairs everywhere.
374
1053000
3000
Vozíčky prenesieme kamkoľvek.
17:51
We have several teams in the main part of Afghanistan.
375
1056000
3000
V hlavnej časti Afganistanu máme niekoľko tímov.
17:54
At the beginning,
376
1059000
2000
Spočiatku,
17:56
when Anajulina told me,
377
1061000
3000
keď mi Anajulina povedala:
17:59
"We would like to start it,"
378
1064000
2000
„Chceli by sme s tým začať,“
18:01
I hesitated.
379
1066000
2000
váhal som.
18:03
I said, "No," you can imagine.
380
1068000
2000
Povedal som, že nie, predstavte si.
18:05
I said, "No, no, no, no, we can't."
381
1070000
2000
Povedal som: „Nie, nie, nie, nie, to sa nedá.“
18:07
And then I asked the usual question:
382
1072000
2000
A potom som položil zvyčajnú otázku:
18:09
"Is it a priority?
383
1074000
2000
„Je to priorita?
18:11
Is it really necessary?"
384
1076000
3000
Je to naozaj potrebné?“
18:14
Well now you should see me.
385
1079000
2000
Mali by ste ma vidieť teraz.
18:16
I never miss a single training session.
386
1081000
3000
Nevynechám ani jeden tréning.
18:19
The night before a match I'm very nervous.
387
1084000
3000
Noc pred zápasom som veľmi nervózny.
18:22
And you should see me during the match.
388
1087000
4000
A mali by ste ma vidieť počas zápasu.
18:26
I shout like a true Italian.
389
1091000
3000
Kričím ako pravý Talian.
18:29
(Laughter)
390
1094000
3000
(Smiech)
18:32
What's next? What is going to be the next change?
391
1097000
4000
Čo ďalej? Aká bude ďalšia zmena?
18:36
Well I don't know yet,
392
1101000
2000
Ešte neviem,
18:38
but I'm sure Najmuddin and his friends,
393
1103000
2000
ale som si istý, že Nadžmuddínovi a jeho priateľom
18:40
they have it already in mind.
394
1105000
2000
už niečo chodí po mysli.
18:42
That was my story. Thank you very much.
395
1107000
3000
Tak to bol môj príbeh. Ďakujem veľmi pekne.
18:45
(Applause)
396
1110000
11000
(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alberto Cairo - PhysiotherapistAlberto Cairo leads the International Red Cross' orthopedic rehabilitation work in Afghanistan.
Why you should listen
Alberto Cairo is the head of the ICRC's orthopedic program in Afghanistan. He's spent the past two decades in this war-ravaged nation -- far from his native Italy -- helping an estimated 100,000 Afghan landmine and accident victims learn to find the strength within themselves to not only walk, but also to hope, again.
In a country where the disabled are generally given pity but no rights, Alberto found a way -- through micro-loans, positive discrimination schemes and home schooling -- to give tens of thousands of disabled Afghans a job and a sense of dignity and pride.
About him, John F. Burns wrote in the New York Times: "Afghans of all ethnic and political stripes, even the Taliban, seem likely to count Alberto Cairo as one foreigner who left the country better than he found it."
His diary, "Storie da Kabul," based on a series of stories he wrote for Italy's La Repubblica, has been published in Italian and in French.
Alberto Cairo | Speaker | TED.com