TEDGlobal 2013
Joseph Kim: The family I lost in North Korea. And the family I gained.
Džozef Kim (Joseph Kim): Porodica koju sam izgubio u Severnoj Koreji. I porodica koju sam dobio.
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2,657,148 views
Džozef Kim, izbeglica koji sada živi u SAD, priča o svom životu u Severnoj Koreji tokom godina gladi. Počeo je da stvara novi život - ali još uvek traga za porodicom koju je izgubio.
Joseph Kim - North Korean refugee
Joseph Kim escaped alone from North Korea at the age of 16, first to China and then to the United States. Full bio
Joseph Kim escaped alone from North Korea at the age of 16, first to China and then to the United States. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I was born and raised in North Korea.
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Rođen sam i odrastao sam
u Severnoj Koreji.
u Severnoj Koreji.
00:16
Although my family constantly struggled against poverty,
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Iako se moja porodica stalno
borila sa siromaštvom,
borila sa siromaštvom,
00:21
I was always loved and cared for first,
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na mene su uvek prvo pazili
i voleli me
i voleli me
00:24
because I was the only son
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jer sam bio jedini sin
00:26
and the youngest of two in the family.
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i mlađi od dvoje dece
u porodici.
u porodici.
00:30
But then the great famine began in 1994.
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Ali onda je počela velika glad 1994.
00:33
I was four years old.
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Imao sam 4 godine.
00:36
My sister and I would go searching for firewood
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Sestra i ja bismo tražili
drva za potpalu
drva za potpalu
00:39
starting at 5 in the morning
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od 5 ujutru
00:41
and come back after midnight.
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i vratili bi se posle ponoći.
00:44
I would wander the streets searching for food,
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Lutao bih ulicama
tražeći hranu
tražeći hranu
00:48
and I remember seeing a small child
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i sećam se kako sam
video malo dete
video malo dete
00:50
tied to a mother's back eating chips,
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vezano za leđa majke
kako jede čips,
kako jede čips,
00:53
and wanting to steal them from him.
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i kako sam hteo
da ga ukradem od njega.
da ga ukradem od njega.
00:56
Hunger is humiliation. Hunger is hopelessness.
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Glad je poniženje.
Glad je beznađe.
Glad je beznađe.
01:01
For a hungry child, politics and freedom
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Gladno dete ni ne pomišlja
01:04
are not even thought of.
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na politiku i slobodu.
01:07
On my ninth birthday, my parents
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Za moj deveti rođendan,
moji roditelji
moji roditelji
01:10
couldn't give me any food to eat.
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nisu mogli da mi daju
ništa da jedem.
ništa da jedem.
01:13
But even as a child, I could feel the heaviness
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Ali čak i kao dete,
mogao sam da osetim poteškoće
mogao sam da osetim poteškoće
01:17
in their hearts.
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u njihovim srcima.
01:20
Over a million North Koreans died of starvation in that time,
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Preko milion Severnokorejaca
umrlo je od gladi u to vreme,
umrlo je od gladi u to vreme,
01:25
and in 2003, when I was 13 years old,
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a 2003., kada sam
imao 13 godina,
imao 13 godina,
01:29
my father became one of them.
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moj otac je postao
jedan od njih.
jedan od njih.
01:32
I saw my father wither away and die.
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Gledao sam kako moj otac
vene i umire.
vene i umire.
01:36
In the same year, my mother disappeared one day,
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Iste godine, moja majka
je nestala jednog dana
je nestala jednog dana
01:40
and then my sister told me
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i onda mi je sestra rekla
01:42
that she was going to China to earn money,
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da je otišla u Kinu
da zaradi novac,
da zaradi novac,
01:45
but that she would return with money and food soon.
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ali da će se uskoro vratiti
sa novcem i hranom.
sa novcem i hranom.
01:49
Since we had never been separated,
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Pošto se nikada nismo razdvajali,
01:52
and I thought we would be together forever,
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i mislio sam da ćemo zauvek
biti zajedno,
biti zajedno,
01:55
I didn't even give her a hug when she left.
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nisam je čak ni zagrlio
kada je otišla.
kada je otišla.
01:58
It was the biggest mistake I have ever made in my life.
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To je bila najveća greška
koju sam napravio u svom životu.
koju sam napravio u svom životu.
02:03
But again, I didn't know
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Ali ipak, nisam znao
02:04
it was going to be a long goodbye.
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da se opraštamo na tako dugo.
02:08
I have not seen my mom or my sister since then.
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Od tada nisam video
svoju majku i sestru.
svoju majku i sestru.
02:13
Suddenly, I became an orphan and homeless.
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Odjednom sam postao
siroče i beskućnik.
siroče i beskućnik.
02:17
My daily life became very hard,
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Moja svakodnevica je postala
veoma teška,
veoma teška,
02:20
but very simple.
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ali i veoma jednostavna.
02:22
My goal was to find a dusty piece of bread in the trash.
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Moj cilj je bio da nađem
prašnjav komad hleba u smeću.
prašnjav komad hleba u smeću.
02:26
But that is no way to survive.
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Ali to nije način
da se preživi.
da se preživi.
02:29
I started to realize, begging would not be the solution.
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Počeo sam da shvatam
da prošenje ne bi bilo rešenje.
da prošenje ne bi bilo rešenje.
02:34
So I started to steal from food carts in illegal markets.
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Tako sam počeo da kradem
iz kolica sa hranom na ilegalnim pijacama.
iz kolica sa hranom na ilegalnim pijacama.
02:39
Sometimes, I found small jobs
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Ponekad bih našao posliće
02:42
in exchange for food.
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u zamenu za hranu.
02:44
Once, I even spent two months in the winter
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Jedne zime sam proveo
čak dva meseca
čak dva meseca
02:48
working in a coal mine,
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radeći u rudniku uglja,
02:49
33 meters underground without any protection
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33 metra pod zemljom
bez ikakve zaštite
bez ikakve zaštite
02:55
for up to 16 hours a day.
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i do 16 sati dnevno.
02:59
I was not uncommon.
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Ja nisam bio jedini.
03:01
Many other orphans survived this way, or worse.
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Puno druge siročadi preživljavalo je
na ovaj ili gore načine.
na ovaj ili gore načine.
03:08
When I could not fall asleep from bitter cold
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Kada nisam mogao da zaspim
zbog jezive hladnoće
zbog jezive hladnoće
03:13
or hunger pains,
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ili bolova od gladi,
03:14
I hoped that, the next morning,
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nadao sam da će
se sledećeg jutra
se sledećeg jutra
03:17
my sister would come back to wake me up
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moja sestra vratiti
da me probudi
da me probudi
03:20
with my favorite food.
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sa mojom omiljenom hranom.
03:22
That hope kept me alive.
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Ta nada me je držala u životu.
03:25
I don't mean big, grand hope.
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Ne mislim na veliku,
ogromnu nadu.
ogromnu nadu.
03:28
I mean the kind of hope that made me believe
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Mislim na nadu koja me je
terala da verujem
terala da verujem
03:31
that the next trash can had bread,
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da ima hleba
u sledećoj kanti za smeće,
u sledećoj kanti za smeće,
03:33
even though it usually didn't.
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iako to obično
nije bio slučaj.
nije bio slučaj.
03:36
But if I didn't believe it, I wouldn't even try,
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Ali da nisam verovao u to,
ne bih ni pokušao
ne bih ni pokušao
03:40
and then I would die.
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i onda bih umro.
03:42
Hope kept me alive.
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Nada me je držala u životu.
03:46
Every day, I told myself,
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Svakog dana sam sebi govorio,
03:49
no matter how hard things got,
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koliko god bilo teško,
03:51
still I must live.
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opet moram da živim.
03:55
After three years of waiting for my sister's return,
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Nakon čekanja tri godine
da se vrati moja sestra,
da se vrati moja sestra,
03:59
I decided to go to China to look for her myself.
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odlučio sam da odem u Kinu
i da je sam potražim.
i da je sam potražim.
04:04
I realized
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Shvatio sam
04:07
I couldn't survive much longer this way.
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da nisam mogao da preživim
još dugo na ovaj način.
još dugo na ovaj način.
04:10
I knew the journey would be risky,
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Znao sam da će putovanje
biti rizično,
biti rizično,
04:13
but I would be risking my life either way.
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ali svejedno bih rizikovao
svoj život.
svoj život.
04:16
I could die of starvation like my father in North Korea,
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Mogao bih da umrem od gladi
kao moj otac u Severnoj Koreji,
kao moj otac u Severnoj Koreji,
04:20
or at least I could try for a better life
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ili bih makar mogao da pokušam
da dođem do boljeg života
da dođem do boljeg života
04:24
by escaping to China.
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tako što bih pobegao u Kinu.
04:27
I had learned that many people tried to cross
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Saznao sam da su mnogi
pokušali da pređu
pokušali da pređu
04:30
the border to China in the nighttime to avoid being seen.
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granicu sa Kinom noću
kako ih ne bi videli.
kako ih ne bi videli.
04:35
North Korean border guards often shoot and kill people
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Granični čuvari Severne Koreje
često pucaju na ljude
često pucaju na ljude
04:39
trying to cross the border without permission.
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koji pokušavaju da pređu granicu
bez dozvole.
bez dozvole.
04:42
Chinese soldiers will catch
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Kineski vojnici bi uhvatili
04:45
and send back North Koreans,
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i vratili Severnokorejce
04:47
where they face severe punishment.
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koji bi se suočili
sa teškom kaznom.
sa teškom kaznom.
04:51
I decided to cross during the day,
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Odlučio sam da pređem
tokom dana,
tokom dana,
04:54
first because I was still a kid and scared of the dark,
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prvo zbog toga što sam još
bio dete i plašio sam se mraka,
bio dete i plašio sam se mraka,
05:00
second because I knew I was already taking a risk,
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a drugo zato što sam znao
da već rizikujem
da već rizikujem
05:04
and since not many people tried to cross during the day,
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a pošto malo ljudi pokušava
da pređe tokom dana,
da pređe tokom dana,
05:08
I thought I might be able to cross
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mislio sam da ću moći da prođem
05:09
without being seen by anyone.
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a da me niko ne vidi.
05:13
I made it to China on February 15, 2006.
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U Kinu sam došao 15. februara 2006.
05:17
I was 16 years old.
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Imao sam 16 godina.
05:19
I thought things in China would be easier,
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Mislio sam da će u Kini
stvari ići lakše,
stvari ići lakše,
05:22
since there was more food.
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pošto je bilo više hrane.
05:25
I thought more people would help me.
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Mislio sam da će mi
više ljudi pomoći.
više ljudi pomoći.
05:28
But it was harder than living in North Korea,
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Ali bilo je teže nego u
Severnoj Koreji,
Severnoj Koreji,
05:32
because I was not free.
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jer nisam bio slobodan.
05:34
I was always worried about being caught
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Uvek sam se plašio
da će me uhvatiti
da će me uhvatiti
05:37
and sent back.
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i vratiti nazad.
05:39
By a miracle, some months later,
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Nekim čudom,
nekoliko meseci kasnije,
nekoliko meseci kasnije,
05:43
I met someone who was running
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sreo sam nekog ko je vodio
05:44
an underground shelter for North Koreans,
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ilegalno sklonište za Severnokorejce
05:47
and was allowed to live there
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i mogao sam da živim tamo
05:50
and eat regular meals for the first time in many years.
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i imam redovne obroke
prvi put nakon više godina.
prvi put nakon više godina.
05:55
Later that year, an activist helped me escape China
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Kasnije te godine, jedan aktivista
mi je pomogao da pobegnem iz Kine
mi je pomogao da pobegnem iz Kine
06:00
and go to the United States as a refugee.
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i odem u SAD kao izbeglica.
06:04
I went to America without knowing a word of English,
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Otišao sam u Ameriku a nisam znao
ni reč engleskog,
ni reč engleskog,
06:07
yet my social worker told me that I had to go to high school.
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a moj socijalni radnik mi je rekao
da moram da idem u srednju školu.
da moram da idem u srednju školu.
06:12
Even in North Korea, I was an F student.
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Čak i u Severnoj Koreji,
bio sam očajan đak.
bio sam očajan đak.
06:16
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:17
And I barely finished elementary school.
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I jedva sam završio osnovnu školu.
06:21
And I remember I fought in school more than once a day.
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I sećam se da sam se u školi tukao
više puta dnevno.
više puta dnevno.
06:24
Textbooks and the library were not my playground.
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Biblioteka i knjige
nisu bili moje igralište.
nisu bili moje igralište.
06:28
My father tried very hard to motivate me into studying,
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Moj otac se zaista trudio
da me motiviše da učim,
da me motiviše da učim,
06:32
but it didn't work.
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ali to nije uspevalo.
06:35
At one point, my father gave up on me.
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U jednom trenutku
on je odustao od mene.
on je odustao od mene.
06:38
He said, "You're not my son anymore."
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Rekao je:
"Više nisi moj sin."
"Više nisi moj sin."
06:42
I was only 11 or 12, but it hurt me deeply.
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Imao sam samo 11 ili 12 godina,
ali me je to duboko povredilo.
ali me je to duboko povredilo.
06:46
But nevertheless, my level of motivation
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Ipak, moj nivo motivacije
06:49
still didn't change before he died.
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se nije promenio pre njegove smrti.
06:54
So in America, it was kind of ridiculous
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Tako da je bilo pomalo smešno
kada su mi u Americi
kada su mi u Americi
06:57
that they said I should go to high school.
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rekli da treba da idem
u srednju školu.
u srednju školu.
07:00
I didn't even go to middle school.
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Nisam čak išao
ni u više razrede osnovne.
ni u više razrede osnovne.
07:02
I decided to go, just because they told me to,
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Odlučio sam da idem,
samo zato što su mi rekli,
samo zato što su mi rekli,
07:05
without trying much.
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i nisam se puno trudio.
07:08
But one day, I came home and my foster mother
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Ali jednog dana sam došao kući
i moja hraniteljica
i moja hraniteljica
07:11
had made chicken wings for dinner.
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je napravila pileća krilca za večeru.
07:15
And during dinner, I wanted to have one more wing,
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Tokom večere, hteo sam
da uzmem još jedno krilce,
da uzmem još jedno krilce,
07:18
but I realized there were not enough for everyone,
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ali sam shvatio
da nema dovoljno za sve,
da nema dovoljno za sve,
07:21
so I decided against it.
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tako da sam se predomislio.
07:24
When I looked down at my plate,
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Kada sam pogledao u svoj tanjir,
07:27
I saw the last chicken wing, that my foster father had given me his.
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video sam poslednje krilce,
koje je mi je dao moj hranitelj.
koje je mi je dao moj hranitelj.
07:32
I was so happy.
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Bio sam tako srećan.
07:34
I looked at him sitting next to me.
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Pogledao sam ga
kako sedi pored mene.
kako sedi pored mene.
07:37
He just looked back at me very warmly,
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Toplo mi je uzvratio pogled,
07:40
but said no words.
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ali ništa nije rekao.
07:43
Suddenly I remembered my biological father.
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Odjednom sam se setio
svog biološkog oca.
svog biološkog oca.
07:47
My foster father's small act of love
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Mali čin ljubavi mog hranitelja
07:50
reminded me of my father,
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podsetio me je na mog oca,
07:53
who would love to share his food with me
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koji bi rado podelio
hranu sa mnom
hranu sa mnom
07:56
when he was hungry, even if he was starving.
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kada je bio gladan,
čak i kada je skapavao od gladi.
čak i kada je skapavao od gladi.
08:00
I felt so suffocated that I had so much food in America,
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Gušilo me je to
što sam u Americi imao toliko hrane,
što sam u Americi imao toliko hrane,
08:05
yet my father died of starvation.
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a moj otac je umro od gladi.
08:08
My only wish that night was to cook a meal for him,
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Moja jedina želja te večeri
bila je da mu skuvam nešto
bila je da mu skuvam nešto
08:12
and that night I also thought of what else I could do
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i te noći sam takođe mislio o tome
šta da uradim
šta da uradim
08:16
to honor him.
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da mu odam čast.
08:18
And my answer was to promise to myself
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Moj odgovor je bio
obećanje samom sebi
obećanje samom sebi
08:21
that I would study hard and get the best education
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da ću da učim
i imam najbolje obrazovanje
i imam najbolje obrazovanje
08:24
in America to honor his sacrifice.
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u Americi kako bih
ispoštovao njegovu žrtvu.
ispoštovao njegovu žrtvu.
08:28
I took school seriously,
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Uzeo sam školu za ozbiljno
08:30
and for the first time ever in my life,
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i prvi put u svom životu,
08:33
I received an academic award for excellence,
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dobio sam akademsku
nagradu za uspeh,
nagradu za uspeh,
08:37
and made dean's list from the first semester in high school.
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i dospeo na dekanovu listu
nakon prvog semestra srednje škole.
nakon prvog semestra srednje škole.
08:42
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
08:50
That chicken wing changed my life.
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To pileće krilce
mi je promenilo život.
mi je promenilo život.
08:53
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:57
Hope is personal. Hope is something
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Nada je lična stvar.
Nada je nešto
Nada je nešto
09:00
that no one can give to you.
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što vam niko ne može dati.
09:03
You have to choose to believe in hope.
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Morate da odaberete
da verujete u nadu.
da verujete u nadu.
09:06
You have to make it yourself.
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Sami morate to da uradite.
09:09
In North Korea, I made it myself.
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U Severnoj Koreji,
to sam uradio sam.
to sam uradio sam.
09:12
Hope brought me to America.
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Nada me je dovela u Ameriku.
09:15
But in America, I didn't know what to do,
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Ali u Americi nisam znao
šta da radim,
šta da radim,
09:18
because I had this overwhelming freedom.
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jer sam imao ovu neverovatnu slobodu.
09:23
My foster father at that dinner gave me a direction,
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Moj hranitelj mi je dao pravac
za tom večerom
za tom večerom
09:27
and he motivated me and gave me a purpose
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i motivisao me je i dao mi je svrhu
09:31
to live in America.
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života u Americi.
09:35
I did not come here by myself.
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Ovde nisam došao sam.
09:38
I had hope, but hope by itself is not enough.
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Imao sam nadu,
ali nada sama po sebi nije dovoljna.
ali nada sama po sebi nije dovoljna.
09:43
Many people helped me along the way to get here.
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Mnogo ljudi mi je pomoglo
kako bih došao dovde.
kako bih došao dovde.
09:47
North Koreans are fighting hard to survive.
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U Severnoj Koreji se
žestoko bore za opstanak.
žestoko bore za opstanak.
09:51
They have to force themselves to survive,
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Moraju da prisile sebe
kako bi preživeli,
kako bi preživeli,
09:54
have hope to survive,
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da imaju nade da će preživeti,
09:56
but they cannot make it without help.
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ali ne mogu da uspeju bez pomoći.
10:01
This is my message to you.
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Ovo je moja poruka za vas.
10:03
Have hope for yourself,
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Imajte nade za sebe,
10:06
but also help each other.
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ali pomozite jedni drugima.
10:09
Life can be hard for everyone, wherever you live.
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Život može biti težak sa svakoga,
bez obzira gde živite.
bez obzira gde živite.
10:16
My foster father didn't intend to change my life.
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Moj hranitelj nije nameravao
da promeni moj život.
da promeni moj život.
10:20
In the same way, you may also change someone's life
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Na isti način, možda i vi
promenite nečiji život
promenite nečiji život
10:24
with even the smallest act of love.
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sa najmanjim činom ljubavi.
10:29
A piece of bread can satisfy your hunger,
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Komad hleba može da vam utoli glad,
10:34
and having the hope will bring you bread
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a nada će vam doneti hleb
10:37
to keep you alive.
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koji će vas držati u životu.
10:39
But I confidently believe that
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Ali uveren sam da
10:42
your act of love and caring
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vaš čin ljubavi i brige
10:46
can also save another Joseph's life
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takođe može da spasi
život nekog Džozefa
život nekog Džozefa
10:49
and change thousands of other Josephs
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i promeni hiljade drugih Džozefa
10:55
who are still having hope to survive.
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koji još imaju nade
da će preživeti.
da će preživeti.
10:59
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
11:00
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
11:36
Adrian Hong: Joseph, thank you for sharing
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Ejdrian Hong:
Džozef, hvala ti što si podelio
Džozef, hvala ti što si podelio
11:39
that very personal and special story with us.
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ovu veoma intimnu
i posebnu priču sa nama.
i posebnu priču sa nama.
11:42
I know you haven't seen your sister for, you said,
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Znam da nisi video sestru, kako kažeš
11:45
it was almost exactly a decade,
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ima skoro jedna decenija,
11:48
and in the off chance that she may be able to see this,
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i da ona nekim slučajem
može da vidi ovo,
može da vidi ovo,
11:50
we wanted to give you an opportunity
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želeli smo da ti damo priliku
11:52
to send her a message.
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da joj pošalješ poruku.
11:54
Joseph Kim: In Korean?
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Džozef Kim: Na korejskom?
11:55
AH: You can do English, then Korean as well.
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EH: Možeš na engleskom,
a onda i na korejskom.
a onda i na korejskom.
11:58
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
12:02
JK: Okay, I'm not going to make it any longer in Korean
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DžK: U redu, neću
da dužim na korejskom
da dužim na korejskom
12:04
because I don't think I can make it
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jer mislim da ne bih
uspeo da uradim to
uspeo da uradim to
12:07
without tearing up.
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a da ne zaplačem.
12:11
Nuna, it has been already 10 years
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Nuna, ima već 10 godina
12:15
that I haven’t seen you.
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kako te nisam video.
12:22
I just wanted to say
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Samo sam hteo da kažem
12:25
that I miss you, and I love you,
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da mi nedostaješ,
i da te volim,
i da te volim,
12:29
and please come back to me and stay alive.
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i molim te da se vratiš
i da ostaneš živa.
i da ostaneš živa.
12:34
And I -- oh, gosh.
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I ja - o, bože.
12:39
I still haven't given up my hope to see you.
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Još uvek nisam prestao
da se nadam da ću te videti.
da se nadam da ću te videti.
12:45
I will live my life happily
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Živeću srećno
12:50
and study hard
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i naporno raditi
12:53
until I see you,
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dok te ne vidim,
12:55
and I promise I will not cry again.
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i obećavam da neću ponovo plakati.
13:00
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
13:01
Yes, I'm just looking forward to seeing you,
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Da, samo se radujem
što ću te videti,
što ću te videti,
13:04
and if you can't find me,
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i ako ne možeš da me nađeš,
13:06
I will also look for you,
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i ja ću te tražiti
13:09
and I hope to see you one day.
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i nadam se da ću te videti
jednog dana.
jednog dana.
13:12
And can I also make a small message to my mom?
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I mogu li da pošaljem malu poruku
svojoj majci?
svojoj majci?
13:15
AH: Sure, please.
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EH: Naravno, izvoli.
13:17
JK: I haven't spent much time with you,
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DžK: Nisam proveo
puno vremena sa tobom,
puno vremena sa tobom,
13:20
but I know that you still love me,
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ali znam da me još voliš
13:22
and you probably still pray for me
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i verovatno se još moliš za mene
13:25
and think about me.
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i misliš o meni.
13:28
I just wanted to say thank you
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Samo sam hteo da ti se zahvalim
13:30
for letting me be in this world.
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što si dozvolila
da budem na ovom svetu.
da budem na ovom svetu.
13:33
Thank you.
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Hvala ti.
13:35
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joseph Kim - North Korean refugeeJoseph Kim escaped alone from North Korea at the age of 16, first to China and then to the United States.
Why you should listen
Joseph Kim is from the northern region of North Korea. Growing up during the great famine of the 1990s, at the age of 12 Joseph saw his father starve to death, his mother disappear and his sister flee to China to search for food. In 2006, when he was 16, he decided to make the dangerous escape alone out of North Korea to look for food -- and for his sister. While hiding in China, he met a Korean-Chinese grandmother who protected and fed him until he found help from Liberty in North Korea (LiNK), a NGO that provided more stabilized shelter and later helped him to escape to the United States.
Joseph arrived in the U.S. in 2007 as a refugee. He is now in college studying international business. He is still searching for his sister.
Joseph Kim | Speaker | TED.com