TEDGlobal 2014
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho: 4 lessons I learned from taking a stand against drugs and gun violence
Ilona Sabo de Karvaljo (Ilona Szabo de Carvalho): 4 lekcije koje sam naučila zauzimajući se protiv droga i nasilja oružjem
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Za vreme svoje karijere u bankarstvu, Ijona Sabo de Karvaljo nikada nije pomišljala da će jednog dana započeti društveni pokret. Ali živeći u svom rodnom Brazilu, vodećem u svetu po nasilnim ubistvima, shvatila je da ne može samo da stoji po strani i posmatra kako droga i oružje uništavaju njenu zemlju. Sabo de Karvaljo otkriva četiri ključne lekcije koje je naućila kada je napustila svoj udoban posao i hrabro zauzela stav protiv statusa kvo.
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho - Policy reformer
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho leads the Igarapé Institute in Rio de Janeiro, which focuses on security and development policy. Full bio
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho leads the Igarapé Institute in Rio de Janeiro, which focuses on security and development policy. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
About 12 years ago,
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Pre oko 12 godina,
00:14
I gave up my career in banking
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napustila sam svoju karijeru u bankarstvu
00:17
to try to make the world a safer place.
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kako bih pokušala
da učinim svet bezbednijim mestom.
da učinim svet bezbednijim mestom.
00:20
This involved a journey into
national and global advocacy
national and global advocacy
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To je podrazumevalo put
u nacionalnu i globalnu advokaturu
u nacionalnu i globalnu advokaturu
00:24
and meeting some of the most
extraordinary people in the world.
extraordinary people in the world.
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i susretanje sa nekim
od najizuzetnijih ljudi na svetu.
od najizuzetnijih ljudi na svetu.
00:29
In the process, I became
a civil society diplomat.
a civil society diplomat.
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U tom procesu, postala sam
diplomata građanskog društva.
diplomata građanskog društva.
00:34
Civil society diplomats do three things:
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Diplomate građanskog društva
obavljaju tri stvari:
obavljaju tri stvari:
00:38
They voice the concerns of the people,
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izražavaju zabrinutost ljudi,
00:40
are not pinned down by national interests,
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nisu prikovani nacionalnim interesima,
00:43
and influence change
through citizen networks,
through citizen networks,
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i utiču na promenu kroz građanske mreže,
00:46
not only state ones.
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a ne samo državne.
00:49
And if you want to change the world,
we need more of them.
we need more of them.
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Ako želite da menjate svet,
treba nam više njih.
treba nam više njih.
00:53
But many people still ask,
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Ali mnogi još uvek postavljaju pitanje:
00:56
"Can civil society really
make a big difference?
make a big difference?
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"Može li građansko društvo
zaista doneti velike promene?
zaista doneti velike promene?
01:00
Can citizens influence and shape
national and global policy?"
national and global policy?"
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Mogu li građani uticati i oblikovati
nacionalnu i globalnu politiku?"
nacionalnu i globalnu politiku?"
01:06
I never thought I would ask
myself these questions,
myself these questions,
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Nikada nisam pomislila
da ću postavljati sebi ova pitanja,
da ću postavljati sebi ova pitanja,
01:08
but here I am to share some lessons
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ali eto mene, došla sam
da podelim neke lekcije
da podelim neke lekcije
01:12
about two powerful civil society
movements that I've been involved in.
movements that I've been involved in.
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o dva moćna pokreta građanskog društva
u kojima sam bila uključena.
u kojima sam bila uključena.
01:17
They are in issues
that I'm passionate about:
that I'm passionate about:
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Vezani su za probleme
kojima se ja vatreno bavim:
kojima se ja vatreno bavim:
01:21
gun control and drug policy.
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kontroli oružja i propisima o drogama.
01:25
And these are issues that matter here.
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To su problemi koji su značajni ovde.
01:28
Latin America is ground zero
for both of them.
for both of them.
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Latinska Amerika je mesto
njihovog ukrštanja.
njihovog ukrštanja.
01:34
For example, Brazil --
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Na primer, Brazil -
01:36
this beautiful country hosting TEDGlobal
has the world's ugliest record.
has the world's ugliest record.
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ova prelepa zemlja, domaćin TEDGlobal-a,
ima najružniji svetski rekord.
ima najružniji svetski rekord.
01:42
We are the number one champion
in homicidal violence.
in homicidal violence.
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Prvi smo po broju ubistava.
01:48
One in every 10 people killed
around the world is a Brazilian.
around the world is a Brazilian.
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Jedan od desetoro ubijenih ljudi na svetu
je Brazilac.
je Brazilac.
01:54
This translates into over 56,000 people
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To znači 56 000 ljudi
01:59
dying violently each year.
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koji umiru nasilnom smrću svake godine.
02:03
Most of them are young, black boys
dying by guns.
dying by guns.
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Većina njih su mladi, crni dečaci
koji ginu zbog oružja.
koji ginu zbog oružja.
02:09
Brazil is also one of the world's
largest consumers of drugs,
largest consumers of drugs,
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Brazil je takođe jedan
od najvećih potrošača droge na svetu,
od najvećih potrošača droge na svetu,
02:14
and the War on Drugs
has been especially painful here.
has been especially painful here.
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i rat protiv droge
je ovde bio naročito težak.
je ovde bio naročito težak.
02:19
Around 50 percent of the homicides
in the streets in Brazil
in the streets in Brazil
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Oko 50 procenata ubistava
na ulicama Brazila
na ulicama Brazila
02:22
are related to the War on Drugs.
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u vezi su sa ratom protiv droga.
02:25
The same is true for about
25 percent of people in jail.
25 percent of people in jail.
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Isto važi i za oko 25 posto
ljudi u zatvoru.
ljudi u zatvoru.
02:31
And it's not just Brazil that is affected
by the twin problems of guns and drugs.
by the twin problems of guns and drugs.
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A nije samo Brazil pogođen
kombinovanim problemom oružja i droga.
kombinovanim problemom oružja i droga.
02:36
Virtually every country and city across
Central and South America is in trouble.
Central and South America is in trouble.
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Bukvalno svaka zemlja i grad u Centralnoj
i Južnoj Americi je u problemu.
i Južnoj Americi je u problemu.
02:43
Latin America has nine percent
of the world's population,
of the world's population,
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Latinska Amerika obuhvata devet posto
svetske populacije,
svetske populacije,
02:47
but 25 percent
of its global violent deaths.
of its global violent deaths.
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ali 25 posto globalnih nasilnih smrti.
02:52
These are not problems
we can run away from.
we can run away from.
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Ovo nisu problemi
od kojih možemo da pobegnemo.
od kojih možemo da pobegnemo.
02:55
I certainly could not.
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Ja svakako nisam mogla.
02:58
So the first campaign I got involved with
started here in 2003
started here in 2003
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Prva kampanja kojoj sam se priključila
započeta je ovde 2003. godine
započeta je ovde 2003. godine
03:03
to change Brazil's gun law
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kako bi promenila
brazilske zakone o oružju
brazilske zakone o oružju
03:05
and to create a program
to buy back weapons.
to buy back weapons.
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i stvorila program za otkup oružja.
03:08
In just a few years,
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Za samo nekoliko godina,
03:09
we not only changed national legislation
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ne samo da smo promenili nacionalne zakone
03:12
that made it much more difficult
for civilians to buy a gun,
for civilians to buy a gun,
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koji su građanima
učinili mnogo težim kupovinu oružja,
učinili mnogo težim kupovinu oružja,
03:16
but we collected and destroyed
almost half a million weapons.
almost half a million weapons.
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već smo i sakupili i uništili
skoro pola miliona oružja.
skoro pola miliona oružja.
03:21
This was one of the biggest
buyback programs in history --
buyback programs in history --
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Ovo je bio jedan od najvećih
programa otkupa u istoriji -
programa otkupa u istoriji -
03:26
(Applause) --
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(Aplauz) -
03:28
but we also suffered some setbacks.
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ali smo takođe pretrpeli
i nekoliko neuspeha.
i nekoliko neuspeha.
03:32
We lost a referendum to ban
gun sales to civilians in 2005.
gun sales to civilians in 2005.
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Izgubili smo na referendumu 2005. godine
za zabranu prodaje oružja građanima.
za zabranu prodaje oružja građanima.
03:38
The second initiative was also home-grown,
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Druga inicijativa je bila takođe domaća,
03:41
but is today a global movement to reform
the international drug control regime.
the international drug control regime.
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ali danas je globalni pokret reformisati
međunarodni režim kontrole droga.
međunarodni režim kontrole droga.
03:47
I am the executive coordinator
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Ja sam izvršni koordinator
03:48
of something called
the Global Commission on Drug Policy.
the Global Commission on Drug Policy.
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nečega što se zove Globalna komisija
za politiku prema drogama.
za politiku prema drogama.
03:53
The commission is a high-level group
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Komisija je visoko zvanična grupa
03:55
of global leaders brought together
to identify more humane
to identify more humane
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globalnih vođa okupljena
radi identifikovanja humanijih
radi identifikovanja humanijih
03:59
and effective approaches
to the issue of drugs.
to the issue of drugs.
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i efikasnijih pristupa problemu droga.
04:03
Since we started in 2008,
the taboo on drugs is broken.
the taboo on drugs is broken.
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Otkada smo započeli 2008. godine,
tabu vezan za drogu je srušen.
tabu vezan za drogu je srušen.
04:08
Across the Americas, from the US
and Mexico to Colombia and Uruguay,
and Mexico to Colombia and Uruguay,
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Kroz celu Ameriku, od SAD-a i Meksika
do Kolumbije i Urugvaja,
do Kolumbije i Urugvaja,
04:13
change is in the air.
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promena se oseća u vazduhu.
04:15
But rather than tell you the whole story
about these two movements,
about these two movements,
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Ali umesto da vam ispričam celu priču
o ova dva pokreta,
o ova dva pokreta,
04:19
I just want to share with you
four key insights.
four key insights.
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želim samo da podelim sa vama
četiri ključna uvida.
četiri ključna uvida.
04:23
I call them lessons to change the world.
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Zovem ih lekcijama za menjanje sveta.
04:26
There are certainly many more,
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Svakako ih ima mnogo više,
04:29
but these are the ones
that stand out to me.
that stand out to me.
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ali ovo su one koje se ističu po meni.
04:32
So the first lesson is:
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Prva lekcija je:
04:34
Change and control the narrative.
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promenite i kontrolišite narativ.
04:37
It may seem obvious,
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Možda deluje očigledno,
04:39
but a key ingredient
to civil society diplomacy
to civil society diplomacy
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ali ključni sastojak
diplomatije građanskog društva
diplomatije građanskog društva
04:42
is first changing and then
controlling the narrative.
controlling the narrative.
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je najpre menjanje, a zatim
kontrolisanje narativa.
kontrolisanje narativa.
04:46
This is something that veteran
politicians understand,
politicians understand,
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Ovo je nešto
što političari veterani razumeju,
što političari veterani razumeju,
04:49
but that civil society groups
generally do not do very well.
generally do not do very well.
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ali što grupe građanskog društva
uglavnom ne rade dobro.
uglavnom ne rade dobro.
04:54
In the case of drug policy,
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U slučaju politike prema drogama,
04:57
our biggest success has been
to change the discussion
to change the discussion
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naš najveći uspeh je bio
preinačenje diskusije
preinačenje diskusije
05:00
away from prosecuting a War on Drugs
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od vođenja rata protiv droga
05:03
to putting people's health
and safety first.
and safety first.
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do postavljanja ljudskog zdravlja
i bezbednosti na prvo mesto.
i bezbednosti na prvo mesto.
05:07
In a cutting-edge report
we just launched in New York,
we just launched in New York,
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U izvanrednom izveštaju
koji smo upravo objavili u Njujorku,
koji smo upravo objavili u Njujorku,
05:10
we also showed that the groups benefiting
most from this $320 billion market
most from this $320 billion market
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takođe smo pokazali
da su grupe koje najviše imaju koristi
da su grupe koje najviše imaju koristi
od ovog tržišta od 320 milijardi dolara
kriminalne bande i karteli.
kriminalne bande i karteli.
05:18
are criminal gangs and cartels.
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05:21
So in order to undermine
the power and profit of these groups,
the power and profit of these groups,
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Dakle, da bismo oslabili
moć i dobit ovih grupa,
moć i dobit ovih grupa,
05:25
we need to change the conversation.
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moramo da promenimo dijalog.
05:28
We need to make illegal drugs legal.
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Moramo da učinimo ilegalne droge legalnim.
05:34
But before I get you too excited,
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Ali pre nego što se previše uzbudite,
05:37
I don't mean drugs
should be a free-for-all.
should be a free-for-all.
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ne mislim da droge
treba da budu dostupne svima.
treba da budu dostupne svima.
05:40
What I'm talking about, and what
the Global Commission advocates for
the Global Commission advocates for
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Ono o čemu govorim
i za šta se Globalna komisija zalaže
i za šta se Globalna komisija zalaže
05:44
is creating a highly regulated market,
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je stvaranje visoko regulisanih tržišta,
05:49
where different drugs would have
different degrees of regulation.
different degrees of regulation.
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gde će različite droge
imati različite stepene regulacije.
imati različite stepene regulacije.
05:54
As for gun control,
we were successful in changing,
we were successful in changing,
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Što se tiče kontrole oružja,
bili smo uspešni u menjanju,
bili smo uspešni u menjanju,
05:58
but not so much
in controlling, the narrative.
in controlling, the narrative.
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ali ne naročito u kontrolisanju narativa.
06:01
And this brings me to my next lesson:
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Ovo me dovodi do moje sledeće lekcije:
06:04
Never underestimate your opponents.
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nikada ne potcenjujte svoje protivnike.
06:08
If you want to succeed
in changing the world,
in changing the world,
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Ako želite da uspete u menjanju sveta,
06:10
you need to know who you're up against.
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morate da znate sa kime se nadmećete.
06:12
You need to learn their motivations
and points of view.
and points of view.
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Morate da saznate kakva je
njihova motivacija i sagledavanje stvari.
njihova motivacija i sagledavanje stvari.
06:16
In the case of gun control,
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U slučaju kontrole oružja,
06:18
we really underestimated our opponents.
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zaista smo potcenili naše protivnike.
06:22
After a very successful
gun-collection program,
gun-collection program,
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Nakon veoma uspešnog programa
sakupljanja oružja,
sakupljanja oružja,
06:25
we were elated.
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bili smo ushićeni.
06:26
We had support from
80 percent of Brazilians,
80 percent of Brazilians,
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Imali smo podršku 80 posto Brazilaca,
i mislili smo da bi nam to moglo pomoći
da pobedimo na referendumu
da pobedimo na referendumu
06:29
and thought that this could help us
win the referendum
win the referendum
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06:32
to ban gun sales to civilians.
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da zabranimo prodaju oružja civilima.
06:34
But we were dead wrong.
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Ali potpuno smo pogrešili.
06:37
During a televised 20-day public debate,
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Tokom 20-odnevne
televizijske javne debate,
televizijske javne debate,
06:41
our opponent used
our own arguments against us.
our own arguments against us.
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protivnik je upotrebio
naš sopstveni argument protiv nas.
naš sopstveni argument protiv nas.
06:45
We ended up losing the popular vote.
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Na kraju smo izgubili većinu glasova.
06:47
It was really terrible.
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Bilo je stvarno užasno.
06:49
The National Rifle Association --
yes, the American NRA --
yes, the American NRA --
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Nacionalna asocijacija za puške -
da, američka NRA -
da, američka NRA -
06:55
came to Brazil.
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došla je u Brazil.
06:57
They inundated our campaign
with their propaganda,
with their propaganda,
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Utopili su našu kampanju
svojom propagandom,
svojom propagandom,
07:00
that as you know,
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koja kao što znate,
07:02
links the right to own guns
to ideas of freedom and democracy.
to ideas of freedom and democracy.
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povezuje pravo na sopstveno oružje
sa idejama slobode i demokratije.
sa idejama slobode i demokratije.
07:06
They simply threw everything at us.
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Prosto su sve prosuli po nama.
07:10
They used our national flag,
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Iskoristili su našu nacionalnu zastavu,
07:12
our independence anthem.
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našu himnu nezavisnosti.
07:14
They invoked women's rights
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Pozivali su se na prava žena
07:15
and misused images of Mandela,
Tiananmen Square, and even Hitler.
Tiananmen Square, and even Hitler.
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i zloupotrebili slike Mandele,
Trga Tjenanmen, čak i Hitlera.
Trga Tjenanmen, čak i Hitlera.
07:21
They won by playing with people's fears.
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Pobedili su
igrajući se sa ljudskim strahovima.
igrajući se sa ljudskim strahovima.
07:25
In fact, guns were almost completely
ignored in their campaign.
ignored in their campaign.
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U stvari, oružje je skoro potpuno
ignorisano u njihovoj kampanji.
ignorisano u njihovoj kampanji.
07:29
Their focus was on individual rights.
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Njihov fokus je bio na pravima pojedinaca.
07:33
But I ask you,
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Ali pitam vas,
07:34
which right is more important,
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koje pravo je važnije,
07:37
the right to life
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pravo na život
07:38
or the right to have a gun
that takes life away?
that takes life away?
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ili pravo da imate oružje
koje oduzima život?
koje oduzima život?
07:41
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
07:46
We thought people would vote
in defense of life,
in defense of life,
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Mislili smo da će ljudi glasati
za odbranu života,
za odbranu života,
07:49
but in a country with a recent past
of military dictatorship,
of military dictatorship,
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ali u zemlji sa bliskom prošlošću
vojne diktature,
vojne diktature,
07:54
the anti-government message
of our opponents resonated,
of our opponents resonated,
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imale su odjeka poruke naših protivnika
usmerene protiv vlade,
usmerene protiv vlade,
07:59
and we were not prepared to respond.
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a mi nismo bili spremni da odgovorimo.
08:02
Lesson learned.
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Lekcija naučena.
08:04
We've been more successful
in the case of drug policy.
in the case of drug policy.
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Bili smo uspešniji
u slučaju politika prema drogama.
u slučaju politika prema drogama.
08:08
If you asked most people 10 years ago if
an end to the War on Drugs was possible,
an end to the War on Drugs was possible,
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Da ste pre deset godina pitali većinu
da li je moguć kraj rata protiv droga,
da li je moguć kraj rata protiv droga,
08:12
they would have laughed.
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smejali bi se.
08:14
After all, there are huge
military police prisons
military police prisons
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Na kraju krajeva,
tu su ogromni zatvori vojne policije
tu su ogromni zatvori vojne policije
08:18
and financial establishments
benefiting from this war.
benefiting from this war.
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i finansijske ustanove
koje izvlače korist iz ovog rata.
koje izvlače korist iz ovog rata.
08:22
But today, the international drug
control regime is starting to crumble.
control regime is starting to crumble.
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Ali danas, međunarodni režim
kontrole droga počinje da propada.
kontrole droga počinje da propada.
08:28
Governments and civil societies
are experimenting with new approaches.
are experimenting with new approaches.
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Vlade i građanska društva
eksperimentišu sa novim pristupima.
eksperimentišu sa novim pristupima.
08:32
The Global Commission on Drug Policy
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Globalna komisija
za politiku prema drogama
za politiku prema drogama
08:35
really knew its opposition,
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je zaista poznavala svoju opoziciju,
08:37
and rather than fighting them,
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i umesto da se bori protiv nje,
08:39
our chair -- former Brazilian President
Fernando Henrique Cardoso --
Fernando Henrique Cardoso --
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naš predsednik - bivši predsednik Brazila
Fernando Enrike Kardozo -
Fernando Enrike Kardozo -
08:43
reached out to leaders
from across the political spectrum,
from across the political spectrum,
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prišao je liderima
čitavog političkog spektruma,
čitavog političkog spektruma,
08:48
from liberals to conservatives.
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od liberala do konzervativaca.
08:50
This high level group
agreed to honestly discuss
agreed to honestly discuss
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Ova grupa visokih zvaničnika
složila se da otvoreno priča
složila se da otvoreno priča
o prednostima i nedostacima
zakona o drogama.
zakona o drogama.
08:55
the merits and flaws of drug policies.
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08:57
It was this reasoned, informed
and strategic discussion
and strategic discussion
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Upravo je ova obrazložena, informativna
i strateška diskusija
i strateška diskusija
09:02
that revealed the sad truth
about the War on Drugs.
about the War on Drugs.
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otkrila tužnu istinu o ratu protiv droga.
09:06
The War on Drugs has simply failed
across every metric.
across every metric.
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Rat protiv droga je jednostavno
bio neuspešan po svim merama.
bio neuspešan po svim merama.
09:12
Drugs are cheaper
and more available than ever,
and more available than ever,
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Droge su jeftinije
i dostupnije nego ikada,
i dostupnije nego ikada,
09:15
and consumption has risen globally.
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a njihova potrošnja se globalno povećala.
09:18
But even worse,
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Ali još gore,
09:20
it also generated massive
negative unintended consequences.
negative unintended consequences.
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takođe je proizveo i ogromne negativne
nenamerne posledice.
nenamerne posledice.
09:26
It is true that some people
have made these arguments before,
have made these arguments before,
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Istina je da su pojedini ljudi i ranije
iznosili ove tvrdnje,
iznosili ove tvrdnje,
09:30
but we've made a difference
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ali mi smo doneli promenu
09:32
by anticipating the arguments
of our opponents
of our opponents
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predvidevši argumente naših protivnika
09:35
and by leveraging powerful voices
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i koristeći moćne glasove
09:37
that a few years ago
would probably have resisted change.
would probably have resisted change.
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koji bi se pre nekoliko godina
verovatno opirali promeni.
verovatno opirali promeni.
09:42
Third lesson: Use data
to drive your argument.
to drive your argument.
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Treća lekcija: koristite činjenice
kao argumente.
kao argumente.
09:46
Guns and drugs are emotive issues,
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Oružje i droga su emotivne teme,
09:49
and as we've painfully learned
in the gun referendum campaign in Brazil,
in the gun referendum campaign in Brazil,
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i kao što smo na bolan način naučili
iz kampanje
referenduma o oružju u Brazilu,
referenduma o oružju u Brazilu,
09:53
sometimes it's impossible
to cut through the emotions
to cut through the emotions
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ponekad je nemoguće odbaciti emocije
09:56
and get to the facts.
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i pristupiti činjenicama.
09:58
But this doesn't mean
that we shouldn't try.
that we shouldn't try.
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Ali to ne znači da ne treba da pokušamo.
10:01
Until quite recently,
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Do nedavno,
10:03
we simply didn't know
how many Brazilians were killed by guns.
how many Brazilians were killed by guns.
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prosto nismo znali
koliko je Brazilaca ubijeno oružjem.
koliko je Brazilaca ubijeno oružjem.
10:07
Amazingly, it was a local soap opera
called "Mulheres Apaixonadas" --
called "Mulheres Apaixonadas" --
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Iznenađujuće, domaća sapunica po imenu
"Muleres Apašionadas" -
"Muleres Apašionadas" -
10:12
or "Women in Love" --
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ili "Zaljubljene žene" -
10:14
that kicked off Brazil's
national gun control campaign.
national gun control campaign.
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je bila ta koja je otpočela brazilsku
nacionalnu kampanju kontrole oružja.
nacionalnu kampanju kontrole oružja.
10:18
In one highly viewed episode,
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U jednoj visoko gledanoj epizodi,
10:20
a soap opera lead actress
was killed by a stray bullet.
was killed by a stray bullet.
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glavnu glumicu sapunice
je ubio zalutali metak.
je ubio zalutali metak.
10:25
Brazilian grannies
and housewives were outraged,
and housewives were outraged,
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Brazilske bake i domaćice su bile besne,
10:29
and in a case of art imitating life,
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i kao umetnost koja oponaša život,
10:32
this episode also included footage
of a real gun control march
of a real gun control march
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ova epizoda je sadržala i snimak
stvarnog marša za kontrolu oružja
stvarnog marša za kontrolu oružja
10:37
that we had organized right here,
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koji smo organizovali ovde,
10:40
outside in Copacabana Beach.
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na plaži Kopakabana.
10:43
The televised death and march
had a huge impact on public opinion.
had a huge impact on public opinion.
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Smrt i marš prikazani na televiziji
imali su veliki uticaj na javno mišljenje.
imali su veliki uticaj na javno mišljenje.
10:48
Within weeks, our national congress
approved the disarmament bill
approved the disarmament bill
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U roku od nekoliko nedelja,
naš nacionalni kongres
je odobrio zakon o razoružanju
je odobrio zakon o razoružanju
10:53
that had been languishing for years.
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koji je čamio godinama.
10:56
We were then able to mobilize data
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Zatim smo mogli da pripemimo dokaze
10:59
to show the successful outcomes
of the change in the law
of the change in the law
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kako bismo pokazali
uspešne rezultate promena u zakonu
uspešne rezultate promena u zakonu
11:02
and gun collection program.
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i programa sakupljanja oružja.
11:05
Here is what I mean:
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Evo na šta mislim:
11:06
We could prove that in just one year,
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mogli smo da dokažemo
da smo za samo godinu dana
da smo za samo godinu dana
11:10
we saved more than 5,000 lives.
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spasili više od 5 000 života.
11:15
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
11:18
And in the case of drugs,
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A u slučaju droga,
11:21
in order to undermine this fear
and prejudice that surrounds the issue,
and prejudice that surrounds the issue,
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kako bismo oslabili strahove i predrasude
koji okružuju ovu temu,
koji okružuju ovu temu,
11:26
we managed to gather and present data
that shows that today's drug policies
that shows that today's drug policies
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uspeli smo da prikupimo
i prikažemo činjenice
i prikažemo činjenice
koje pokazuju da današnji zakoni o drogama
11:31
cause much more harm than drug use per se,
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stvaraju mnogo više štete
nego korišćenje droga samo po sebi,
nego korišćenje droga samo po sebi,
11:35
and people are starting to get it.
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i ljudi počinju to da shvataju.
11:39
My fourth insight is:
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Moj četvrti uvid je:
11:41
Don't be afraid to bring
together odd bedfellows.
together odd bedfellows.
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ne plašite se da spojite čudne saveznike.
11:46
What we've learned in Brazil --
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Ono što sam naučila u Brazilu -
11:48
and this doesn't only
apply to my country --
apply to my country --
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a to se ne odnosi samo na moju zemlju -
11:50
is the importance of bringing diverse
and eclectic folks together.
and eclectic folks together.
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jeste važnost okupljanja
različitih i eklektičnih ljudi.
različitih i eklektičnih ljudi.
11:54
If you want to change the world,
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Ako hoćete da promenite svet,
11:57
it helps to have a good cross-section
of society on your side.
of society on your side.
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od pomoći je imati uz sebe
dobar prikaz društva.
dobar prikaz društva.
12:01
In both the case of guns and drugs,
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I u slučaju oružja i droga,
12:04
we brought together
a wonderful mix of people.
a wonderful mix of people.
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okupili smo sjajnu grupu ljudi.
12:07
We mobilized the elite
and got huge support from the media.
and got huge support from the media.
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Mobilisali smo elitu
i dobili ogromnu podršku medija.
i dobili ogromnu podršku medija.
12:11
We gathered the victims,
human rights champions, cultural icons.
human rights champions, cultural icons.
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Okupili smo žrtve,
zaštitnike ljudskih prava, ikone kulture.
zaštitnike ljudskih prava, ikone kulture.
12:16
We also assembled
the professional classes --
the professional classes --
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Takođe smo pozvali i klase stručnjaka -
12:18
doctors, lawyers, academia and more.
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doktore, advokate, akademce i mnoge druge.
12:21
What I've learned over the last years
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Naučila sam poslednjih godina
12:24
is that you need coalitions of the willing
and of the unwilling to make change.
and of the unwilling to make change.
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da vam je potrebna koalicija
voljnih i nevoljnih za donošenje promena.
voljnih i nevoljnih za donošenje promena.
12:30
In the case of drugs,
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U slučaju droga,
12:32
we needed libertarians,
anti-prohibitionists, legalizers,
anti-prohibitionists, legalizers,
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bili su nam potrebni libertarijanci,
antiprohibicionisti, legalizatori
antiprohibicionisti, legalizatori
12:35
and liberal politicians.
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i liberalni političari.
12:38
They may not agree on everything;
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Možda se neće složiti oko svega,
12:40
in fact, they disagree
on almost everything.
on almost everything.
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u stvari, neće se složiti
gotovo ni oko čega.
gotovo ni oko čega.
12:44
But the legitimacy of the campaign
is based on their diverse points of view.
is based on their diverse points of view.
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Ali legitimitet kampanje se zasniva
na njihovim različitim gledištima.
na njihovim različitim gledištima.
12:51
Over a decade ago,
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Pre više od decenije,
12:53
I had a comfortable future
working for an investment bank.
working for an investment bank.
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imala sam mirnu budućnost
radeći za investicionu banku.
radeći za investicionu banku.
12:58
I was as far removed from the world
of civil society diplomacy
of civil society diplomacy
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Bila sam daleko
od sveta diplomatije građanskog društva
od sveta diplomatije građanskog društva
13:02
as you can imagine.
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koliko možete zamisliti.
13:04
But I took a chance.
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Ali sam rizikovala.
13:06
I changed course,
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1997
Promenila sam pravac,
13:08
and on the way, I helped
to create social movements
to create social movements
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i na tom putu, pomogla sam
u stvaranju društvenih pokreta
u stvaranju društvenih pokreta
13:12
that I believe have made
some parts of the world safer.
some parts of the world safer.
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za koje smatram da su učinili
neke delove sveta bezbednijim.
neke delove sveta bezbednijim.
13:17
Each and every one of us
has the power to change the world.
has the power to change the world.
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Svako od nas ima moć da promeni svet.
13:22
No matter what the issue,
and no matter how hard the fight,
and no matter how hard the fight,
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Bez obzira na to koji je problem
u pitanju i koliko je teška ta borba,
u pitanju i koliko je teška ta borba,
13:26
civil society is central
to the blueprint for change.
to the blueprint for change.
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građansko društvo je suštinsko
u projektu promene.
u projektu promene.
13:31
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
13:33
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho - Policy reformerIlona Szabó de Carvalho leads the Igarapé Institute in Rio de Janeiro, which focuses on security and development policy.
Why you should listen
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho is a drug policy and public security specialist with experience from Brazil and around the world. A founder of the Igarapé Institute, a think-and-do tank, she also coordinates the international Global Commission on Drug Policy.
Over the past decade, Ilona has played a central role in triggering debate on progressive approaches to preventing violence, advocating gun control and police reform, and dealing with drugs, pushing for a radical re-examination of key policies. In particular, recognizing that drug prohibition has done little to slake demand for drugs or to reduce profit margins for the cartels (and the armed violence to which they are inexorably linked), de Carvalho believes we should shift the control of drugs from organized crime to governments -- and view abuse as a health problem, not as a criminal offense.
More profile about the speakerOver the past decade, Ilona has played a central role in triggering debate on progressive approaches to preventing violence, advocating gun control and police reform, and dealing with drugs, pushing for a radical re-examination of key policies. In particular, recognizing that drug prohibition has done little to slake demand for drugs or to reduce profit margins for the cartels (and the armed violence to which they are inexorably linked), de Carvalho believes we should shift the control of drugs from organized crime to governments -- and view abuse as a health problem, not as a criminal offense.
Ilona Szabó de Carvalho | Speaker | TED.com