TED2016
Tshering Tobgay: This country isn't just carbon neutral -- it's carbon negative
Tšering Tobgaj (Tshering Tobgay): Ova država ne samo da je ugljenično neutralna - ona je ugljenično negativna
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Duboko u Himalajima, na granici između Kine i Indije, leži kraljevstvo Butan, koje se zaklelo da će da ostane ugljenično neutralno zauvek. U ovom prosvetljujućem govoru, premijer Butana, Tšering Tobgaj, razotkriva nam misiju njegove države da stavi sreću ispred ekonomskog rasta i da postavi svetski standard u očuvanju prirode.
Tshering Tobgay - Prime Minister of Bhutan
Acting on his mandate to move Bhutan into the 21st century, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay is transforming his nation -- while maintaining its “Gross National Happiness.” Full bio
Acting on his mandate to move Bhutan into the 21st century, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay is transforming his nation -- while maintaining its “Gross National Happiness.” Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
In case you are wondering,
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U slučaju da se pitate,
00:15
no, I'm not wearing a dress,
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ne, ne nosim haljinu,
00:18
and no, I'm not saying
what I'm wearing underneath.
what I'm wearing underneath.
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i ne, neću da vam kažem šta nosim ispod.
00:22
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:25
This is a gho.
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Ovo je go.
00:27
This is my national dress.
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Moja narodna nošnja.
00:30
This is how all men dress in Bhutan.
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Ovako se svi muškarci u Butanu oblače.
00:34
That is how our women dress.
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Ovako se naše žene oblače.
00:38
Like our women,
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Poput naših žena,
00:40
we men get to wear pretty bright colors,
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mi muškarci možemo da nosimo
prilično jarke boje,
prilično jarke boje,
00:44
but unlike our women,
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no za razliku od naših žena,
00:47
we get to show off our legs.
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možemo da pokažemo noge.
00:48
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
Naša nošnja je jedinstvena,
00:50
Our national dress is unique,
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00:52
but this is not the only thing
that's unique about my country.
that's unique about my country.
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ali nije to jedino što je jedinstveno
kod moje zemlje.
kod moje zemlje.
00:56
Our promise to remain
carbon neutral is also unique,
carbon neutral is also unique,
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Obećanje da ćemo ostati
ugljenično neutralni je takođe jedinstveno
ugljenično neutralni je takođe jedinstveno
00:59
and this is what I'd like
to speak about today,
to speak about today,
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i o tome bih želeo da vam govorim danas,
01:01
our promise to remain carbon neutral.
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o obećanju da ćemo ostati
ugljenično neutralni.
ugljenično neutralni.
01:04
But before I proceed,
I should set you the context.
I should set you the context.
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No, pre nego što nastavim,
obrazložiću vam kontekst.
obrazložiću vam kontekst.
01:08
I should tell you our story.
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Ispričaću vam priču.
01:11
Bhutan is a small country
in the Himalayas.
in the Himalayas.
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Butan je mala država na Himalajima.
01:16
We've been called Shangri-La,
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Zovu nas Šangri-La,
01:18
even the last Shangri-La.
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čak i poslednjim Šangri-Laom.
01:21
But let me tell you right off the bat,
we are not Shangri-La.
we are not Shangri-La.
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No dozvolite da vam odmah kažem
da mi nismo Šangri-La.
da mi nismo Šangri-La.
01:24
My country is not one big monastery
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Moja država nije jedan veliki manastir
01:27
populated with happy monks.
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koga naseljavaju bezbrižni monasi.
01:28
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
01:30
The reality is that
there are barely 700,000 of us
there are barely 700,000 of us
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Istina je da nas ima svega 700,000
01:36
sandwiched between two
of the most populated countries on earth,
of the most populated countries on earth,
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ukleštenih između dve
najmnogoljudnije države na zemlji,
najmnogoljudnije države na zemlji,
01:41
China and India.
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Kine i Indije.
01:44
The reality is that we are a small,
underdeveloped country
underdeveloped country
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Istina je da smo mala, nerazvijena država
01:48
doing our best to survive.
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koja daje sve od sebe da preživi.
01:51
But we are doing OK. We are surviving.
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Međutim dobro nam ide. Preživljavamo.
01:55
In fact, we are thriving,
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Zapravo, u procvatu smo,
01:58
and the reason we are thriving
is because we've been blessed
is because we've been blessed
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a razlog za naš procvat
je to što smo blagosloveni
je to što smo blagosloveni
02:02
with extraordinary kings.
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izvanrednim kraljevima.
02:05
Our enlightened monarchs
have worked tirelessly
have worked tirelessly
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Naši prosvećeni monarsi
su radili danonoćno
su radili danonoćno
02:08
to develop our country,
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da bi razvili našu državu,
02:10
balancing economic growth carefully
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pažljivo ujednačavajući ekonomski rast
02:13
with social development,
environmental sustainability
environmental sustainability
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sa društvenim razvojem, očuvanjem okoline
02:16
and cultural preservation,
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i očuvanjem kulture,
02:18
all within the framework
of good governance.
of good governance.
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sve u okvirima dobre vladavine.
02:22
We call this holistic approach
to development
to development
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Zovemo ovaj holistički pristup razvoju:
02:25
"Gross National Happiness," or GNH.
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"Bruto domaća sreća" iliti BDS.
02:29
Back in the 1970s,
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Tih 1970-ih,
02:31
our fourth king famously
pronounced that for Bhutan,
pronounced that for Bhutan,
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naš četvrti kralj je slavodobitno
proglasio da je za Butan
proglasio da je za Butan
02:35
Gross National Happiness is more important
than Gross National Product.
than Gross National Product.
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Bruto domaća sreća važnija
od Bruto domaćeg proizvoda.
od Bruto domaćeg proizvoda.
02:39
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
02:44
Ever since,
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Od tada
02:46
all development in Bhutan
is driven by GNH,
is driven by GNH,
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sav razvoj Butana je vođen BDS-om,
02:51
a pioneering vision
that aims to improve the happiness
that aims to improve the happiness
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pionirska vizija
kojoj je cilj unapređenje sreće
kojoj je cilj unapređenje sreće
02:55
and well-being of our people.
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i dobrobiti ljudi.
02:58
But that's easier said than done,
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No to je lakše reći nego ostvariti,
03:00
especially when you are one
of the smallest economies in the world.
of the smallest economies in the world.
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naročito kad ste jedna od najmanjih
ekonomija u svetu.
ekonomija u svetu.
03:05
Our entire GDP is less
than two billion dollars.
than two billion dollars.
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Naš celokupan BDP
je manji od dve milijarde dolara.
je manji od dve milijarde dolara.
03:09
I know that some of you here
are worth more --
are worth more --
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Znam da neki od vas imaju više -
03:12
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:13
individually
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pojedinačno
03:15
than the entire economy of my country.
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nego celokupna ekonomija moje države.
03:20
So our economy is small,
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Dakle, naša ekonomija je mala,
03:22
but here is where it gets interesting.
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ali evo šta je interesantno.
03:26
Education is completely free.
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Obrazovanje je potpuno besplatno.
03:28
All citizens are guaranteed
free school education,
free school education,
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Svim građanima je zagarantovano
besplatno obrazovanje,
besplatno obrazovanje,
03:31
and those that work hard
are given free college education.
are given free college education.
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a onima koji vredno rade
je besplatno fakultetsko obrazovanje.
je besplatno fakultetsko obrazovanje.
03:34
Healthcare is also completely free.
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Zdravstvo je takođe potpuno besplatno.
03:36
Medical consultation,
medical treatment, medicines:
medical treatment, medicines:
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Lekarsko savetovanje,
medicinski tretmani, lekovi:
medicinski tretmani, lekovi:
03:40
they are all provided by the state.
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sve to obezbeđuje država.
03:43
We manage this
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Ovo postižemo
03:45
because we use our limited
resources very carefully,
resources very carefully,
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tako što veoma pažljivo
koristimo naša ograničena sredstva,
koristimo naša ograničena sredstva,
03:49
and because we stay faithful
to the core mission of GNH,
to the core mission of GNH,
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a pritom ostajemo verni
našoj glavnoj misiji, BDS-u,
našoj glavnoj misiji, BDS-u,
03:55
which is development with values.
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to jest razvoju uz vrednosti.
03:59
Our economy is small,
and we must strengthen it.
and we must strengthen it.
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Naša ekonomija je mala
i moramo da je ojačavamo.
i moramo da je ojačavamo.
04:02
Economic growth is important,
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Ekonomski rast je važan,
04:04
but that economic growth must not come
from undermining our unique culture
from undermining our unique culture
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ali cena ekonomskog rasta ne sme da bude
podrivanje naše jedinstvene kulture
podrivanje naše jedinstvene kulture
04:09
or our pristine environment.
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ili naše netaknute okoline.
04:14
Today, our culture is flourishing.
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Danas je naša kultura u procvatu.
04:17
We continue to celebrate
our art and architecture,
our art and architecture,
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Nastavljamo da slavimo
našu umetnost i arhitekturu,
našu umetnost i arhitekturu,
04:20
food and festivals,
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hranu i festivale,
04:23
monks and monasteries.
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monahe i manastire.
04:26
And yes, we celebrate
our national dress, too.
our national dress, too.
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I, da, slavimo i našu nacionalnu nošnju.
04:32
This is why I can wear my gho with pride.
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Zato mogu ponosno da nosim svoj go.
04:37
Here's a fun fact:
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Evo jedne zanimjivosti:
04:39
you're looking
at the world's biggest pocket.
at the world's biggest pocket.
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gledate u najveći džep na svetu.
04:42
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:45
It starts here,
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Počinje ovde,
04:47
goes around the back,
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ide oko leđa
04:49
and comes out from inside here.
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i ovde izlazi iz unutrašnjosti.
04:52
In this pocket
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U ovaj džep
04:53
we store all manner of personal goods
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smeštamo lična dobra svih vrsta,
04:56
from phones and wallets
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od telefona i novčanika
05:00
to iPads, office files and books.
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do ajpeda,
kancelarijskih dokumenata i knjiga.
kancelarijskih dokumenata i knjiga.
05:03
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:04
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
05:06
But sometimes --
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A ponekad -
05:08
sometimes even precious cargo.
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ponekad čak i dragoceni teret.
05:14
So our culture is flourishing,
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Dakle, naša kultura je u procvatu,
05:16
but so is our environment.
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ali je i naša okolina.
05:19
72 percent of my country
is under forest cover.
is under forest cover.
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Šume pokrivaju 72 procenta moje države.
05:23
Our constitution demands
that a minimum of 60 percent
that a minimum of 60 percent
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Naš ustav zahteva da najmanje 60 procenata
05:28
of Bhutan's total land
shall remain under forest cover
shall remain under forest cover
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sveukupne površine Butana
ostane pod šumskim pokrivačem
ostane pod šumskim pokrivačem
05:32
for all time.
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zauvek.
05:33
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
05:39
Our constitution,
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Naš ustav,
05:41
this constitution,
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ovaj ustav,
05:44
imposes forest cover on us.
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nameće nam šumski pokrivač.
05:47
Incidentally, our king
used this constitution
used this constitution
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Uzgred, naš kralj je iskoristio ovaj ustav
05:52
to impose democracy on us.
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da nam nametne demokratiju.
05:54
You see, we the people
didn't want democracy.
didn't want democracy.
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Vidite, mi ljudi nismo želeli demokratiju.
05:57
We didn't ask for it, we didn't demand it,
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Nismo je tražili, nismo je zahtevali
06:00
and we certainly didn't fight for it.
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i sigurno se nismo borili za nju.
06:03
Instead, our king imposed democracy on us
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Umesto toga, naš kralj
nam je nametnuo demokratiju,
nam je nametnuo demokratiju,
06:08
by insisting that he include it
in the constitution.
in the constitution.
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insistirajući na njenom unošenju u ustav.
06:12
But he went further.
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Međutim otišao je i dalje.
06:14
He included provisions in the constitution
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Uključio je zakonsku odredbu u ustav
06:18
that empower the people
to impeach their kings,
to impeach their kings,
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koja ohrabruje ljude
da dovode u pitanje svoje kraljeve
da dovode u pitanje svoje kraljeve
06:22
and included provisions in here
that require all our kings to retire
that require all our kings to retire
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i uključio je zakonsku odredbu
koja zahteva od svih kraljeva da se povuku
koja zahteva od svih kraljeva da se povuku
06:27
at the age of 65.
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u 65. godini.
06:30
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
06:31
Fact is, we already have
a king in retirement:
a king in retirement:
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Činjenica je da već imamo
penzionisanog kralja:
penzionisanog kralja:
06:36
our previous king, the Great Fourth,
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naš prethodni kralj, Veliki Četvrti,
06:40
retired 10 years ago
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povukao se pre 10 godina
06:42
at the peak of his popularity.
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na vrhuncu svoje popularnosti.
06:45
He was all of 51 years at that time.
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Bio je u 51. godini u to vreme.
06:51
So as I was saying,
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Dakle, kao što sam rekao,
06:53
72 percent of our country
is under forest cover,
is under forest cover,
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72 procenta naše države
je pod šumskim pokrivačem
je pod šumskim pokrivačem
06:56
and all that forest is pristine.
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i sva ta šuma je netaknuta.
06:59
That's why we are one of the few remaining
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Zato smo jedno od nekoliko preostalih
07:02
global biodiversity hotspots in the world,
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globalnih biodiverzitetskih
žarišta u svetu
žarišta u svetu
07:05
and that's why we are
a carbon neutral country.
a carbon neutral country.
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i zato smo ugljenično neutralna država.
07:08
In a world that is threatened
with climate change,
with climate change,
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U svetu kome prete klimatske promene,
07:10
we are a carbon neutral country.
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mi smo ugljenično neutralna država.
07:15
Turns out, it's a big deal.
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Ispostavilo se da je to velika stvar.
07:17
Of the 200-odd countries
in the world today,
in the world today,
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Od preko 200 država u svetu trenutno,
07:20
it looks like we are the only one
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izgleda da smo jedina
07:22
that's carbon neutral.
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koja je ugljenično neutralna.
07:25
Actually, that's not quite accurate.
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Zapravo, to nije baš tačno.
07:29
Bhutan is not carbon neutral.
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Butan nije ugljenično neutralan.
07:31
Bhutan is carbon negative.
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Butan je ugljenično negativan.
07:35
Our entire country generates
2.2 million tons of carbon dioxide,
2.2 million tons of carbon dioxide,
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Naša čitava država proizvodi
2,2 miliona tona ugljen-dioksida,
2,2 miliona tona ugljen-dioksida,
07:42
but our forests, they sequester
more than three times that amount,
more than three times that amount,
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ali naše šume zarobljavaju
tri puta više od te količine,
tri puta više od te količine,
07:47
so we are a net carbon sink
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pa smo mi mreža ugljeničnog prečišćivača
07:49
for more than four million tons
of carbon dioxide each year.
of carbon dioxide each year.
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za više od četiri miliona tona
ugljen-dioksida svake godine.
ugljen-dioksida svake godine.
07:55
But that's not all.
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No to nije sve.
07:56
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
07:58
We export most
of the renewable electricity
of the renewable electricity
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Izvozimo veći deo obnovljive struje
08:01
we generate from our fast-flowing rivers.
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koju dobijamo od naših brzih reka.
08:05
So today, the clean energy that we export
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Pa danas, čista energija koju izvozimo
08:08
offsets about six million tons
of carbon dioxide in our neighborhood.
of carbon dioxide in our neighborhood.
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neutralizuje oko šest miliona tona
ugljen-dioksida u našem susedstvu.
ugljen-dioksida u našem susedstvu.
08:14
By 2020, we'll be exporting
enough electricity
enough electricity
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Do 2020. izvozićemo dovoljno struje
08:18
to offset 17 million tons
of carbon dioxide.
of carbon dioxide.
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da neutralizujemo 17 miliona tona
ugljen-dioksida.
ugljen-dioksida.
08:22
And if we were to harness
even half our hydropower potential,
even half our hydropower potential,
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A ako uspemo da iskoristimo
bar polovinu našeg vodenog potencijala,
bar polovinu našeg vodenog potencijala,
08:25
and that's exactly what we are working at,
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a upravo na tome radimo,
08:29
the clean, green energy that we export
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čista, zelena energija
koju budemo izvozili
koju budemo izvozili
08:31
would offset something like
50 million tons of carbon dioxide a year.
50 million tons of carbon dioxide a year.
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će da neutralizuje otprilike
50 miliona tona ugljen-dioksida godišnje.
50 miliona tona ugljen-dioksida godišnje.
08:38
That is more CO2 than what the entire city
of New York generates in one year.
of New York generates in one year.
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To je više CO2 nego što čitav Njujork
proizvede u toku jedne godine.
proizvede u toku jedne godine.
08:45
So inside our country,
we are a net carbon sink.
we are a net carbon sink.
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Dakle, unutar naše države
se nalazi mreža ugljeničnog pročišćivača.
se nalazi mreža ugljeničnog pročišćivača.
08:48
Outside, we are offsetting carbon.
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Spolja neutrališemo ugljenik.
08:50
And this is important stuff.
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A ovo su važne stvari.
08:53
You see, the world is getting warmer,
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Vidite, svet je sve topliji,
08:55
and climate change is a reality.
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a klimatske promene su stvarnost.
08:59
Climate change is affecting my country.
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Klimatske promene pogađaju moju državu.
09:02
Our glaciers are melting,
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Naši glečeri se tope,
09:04
causing flash floods and landslides,
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uzrokujući nagle poplave i klizišta,
09:06
which in turn are causing disaster
and widespread destruction in our country.
and widespread destruction in our country.
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što za uzvrat uzrokuje katastrofe
i rasprostranjenu štetu u našoj državi.
i rasprostranjenu štetu u našoj državi.
09:13
I was at that lake recently.
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Nedavno sam bio na tom jezeru.
09:15
It's stunning.
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Zapanjujuće je.
09:18
That's how it looked 10 years ago,
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Ovako je izgledalo pre 10 godina,
09:21
and that's how it looked 20 years ago.
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a ovako je izgledalo pre 20 godina.
09:24
Just 20 years ago, that lake didn't exist.
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Pre samo 20 godina,
to jezero nije postojalo.
to jezero nije postojalo.
09:27
It was a solid glacier.
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Bilo je čvrsti glečer.
09:31
A few years ago, a similar lake
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Pre nekoliko godina je slično jezero
09:34
breached its dams
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probilo svoju branu
09:37
and wreaked havoc in the valleys below.
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i opustošilo doline u podnožju.
09:42
That destruction
was caused by one glacier lake.
was caused by one glacier lake.
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To uništenje je uzrokovalo
jedno glečersko jezero.
jedno glečersko jezero.
09:45
We have 2,700 of them to contend with.
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Imamo 2,700 takvih
koje moramo da obuzdavamo.
koje moramo da obuzdavamo.
09:50
The point is this:
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Suština je sledeća:
09:52
my country and my people have done nothing
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moja država i moji ljudi
nisu učinili ništa
nisu učinili ništa
09:56
to contribute to global warming,
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da doprinesu globalnom zagrevanju,
09:59
but we are already bearing the brunt
of its consequences.
of its consequences.
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ali već snosimo najveći teret
njegovih posledica.
njegovih posledica.
10:05
And for a small, poor country,
one that is landlocked and mountainous,
one that is landlocked and mountainous,
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A za malu, siromašnu državu,
koja je zarobljena kopnom i planinama,
koja je zarobljena kopnom i planinama,
10:09
it is very difficult.
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to je veoma teško.
10:12
But we are not going to sit
on our hands doing nothing.
on our hands doing nothing.
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Ali nećemo sedeti skrštenih ruku,
radeći ništa.
radeći ništa.
10:14
We will fight climate change.
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Sukobićemo se klimatskim promenama.
10:16
That's why we have promised
to remain carbon neutral.
to remain carbon neutral.
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Zato smo obećali
da ćemo ostati ugljenično neutralni.
da ćemo ostati ugljenično neutralni.
10:22
We first made this promise in 2009
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Prvi put smo ovo obećali 2009.
10:26
during COP 15 in Copenhagen,
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tokom XV konferencije
o klimatskim promenama u Kopenhagenu,
o klimatskim promenama u Kopenhagenu,
10:30
but nobody noticed.
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ali niko nije primetio.
10:32
Governments were so busy
arguing with one another
arguing with one another
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Vlade su bile prezauzete
svađajući se između sebe
svađajući se između sebe
10:35
and blaming each other
for causing climate change,
for causing climate change,
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i kriveći jedne druge
zbog nastanka klimatskih promena,
zbog nastanka klimatskih promena,
10:38
that when a small country
raised our hands and announced,
raised our hands and announced,
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da kad je mala država
podigla svoje ruke i najavila:
podigla svoje ruke i najavila:
10:42
"We promise to remain
carbon neutral for all time,"
carbon neutral for all time,"
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"Obećavamo da ćemo zauvek
da budemo ugljenično neutralni",
da budemo ugljenično neutralni",
10:45
nobody heard us.
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niko nas nije čuo.
10:47
Nobody cared.
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Nikog nije bilo briga.
10:51
Last December in Paris,
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Prošlog decembra u Parizu
10:54
at COP 21, we reiterated our promise
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na XXI Konferenciji o klimatskim promenama
smo ponovili obećanje
smo ponovili obećanje
10:57
to remain carbon neutral
for all time to come.
for all time to come.
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da ćemo navek da ostanemo
ugljenično neutralni.
ugljenično neutralni.
11:01
This time, we were heard.
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Ovaj put su nas čuli.
11:03
We were noticed, and everybody cared.
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Svi su nas primetili
i svakoga je bilo briga.
i svakoga je bilo briga.
11:09
What was different in Paris
was that governments came round together
was that governments came round together
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U Parizu je bilo drugačije to
što su se vlade osvestile
što su se vlade osvestile
11:14
to accept the realities of climate change,
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i prihvatile stvarnost klimatskih promena
11:16
and were willing to come together
and act together and work together.
and act together and work together.
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i bile su spremne da se okupe
i da delaju zajedno i rade zajedno.
i da delaju zajedno i rade zajedno.
11:21
All countries, from the very small
to the very large,
to the very large,
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Sve države, od veoma malih
do veoma velikih,
do veoma velikih,
11:25
committed to reduce
the greenhouse gas emissions.
the greenhouse gas emissions.
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su se obavezale da će umanjiti
efekte staklene bašte.
efekte staklene bašte.
11:30
The UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change
on Climate Change
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UN-ova Okvirna konvencija
o klimatskim promenama
o klimatskim promenama
11:33
says that if these so-called
intended commitments are kept,
intended commitments are kept,
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kaže da ukoliko se držimo
takozvanih svojevoljnih obavezanosti,
takozvanih svojevoljnih obavezanosti,
približićemo se zadržavanju
globalnog zagrevanja
globalnog zagrevanja
11:39
we'd be closer
to containing global warming
to containing global warming
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11:41
by two degrees Celsius.
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na dva stepena celzijusa.
11:46
By the way,
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Usput,
11:48
I've requested the TED organizers here
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zatražio sam od organizatora TED-a
11:51
to turn up the heat in here
by two degrees,
by two degrees,
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da pojačaju grejanje ovde za dva stepena,
11:56
so if some of you
are feeling warmer than usual,
are feeling warmer than usual,
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pa ako je nekima toplije nego inače,
11:59
you know who to blame.
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znate koga da krivite.
12:03
It's crucial that all of us
keep our commitments.
keep our commitments.
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Ključno je da se svi
držimo naših obećanja.
držimo naših obećanja.
12:07
As far as Bhutan is concerned,
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Što se tiče Butana,
12:09
we will keep our promise
to remain carbon neutral.
to remain carbon neutral.
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mi ćemo da održimo naše obećanje
i ostaćemo ugljenično neutralni.
i ostaćemo ugljenično neutralni.
12:13
Here are some of the ways we are doing it.
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Evo nekih vidova na koje to postižemo.
12:16
We are providing free electricity
to our rural farmers.
to our rural farmers.
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Obezbeđujemo besplatnu struju
našim seoskim poljoprivrednicima.
našim seoskim poljoprivrednicima.
12:20
The idea is that, with free electricity,
they will no longer have to use firewood
they will no longer have to use firewood
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Zamisao je da uz besplatnu struju
više neće koristiti drva
više neće koristiti drva
12:26
to cook their food.
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da bi kuvali hranu.
12:28
We are investing in sustainable transport
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Ulažemo u održivi prevoz
12:31
and subsidizing the purchase
of electric vehicles.
of electric vehicles.
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3456
i subvencionišemo kupovinu
električnih vozila.
električnih vozila.
12:34
Similarly, we are subsidizing
the cost of LED lights,
the cost of LED lights,
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Slično tome, subvencionišemo
cenu LED svetala,
cenu LED svetala,
12:39
and our entire government
is trying to go paperless.
is trying to go paperless.
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a čitava naša vlada pokušava
da izbaci papir iz upotrebe.
da izbaci papir iz upotrebe.
12:43
We are cleaning up our entire country
through Clean Bhutan, a national program,
through Clean Bhutan, a national program,
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Čistimo našu čitavu državu
kroz nacionalni program Čisti Butan
kroz nacionalni program Čisti Butan
12:47
and we are planting trees
throughout our country
throughout our country
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i sadimo drveće širom naše države
12:51
through Green Bhutan,
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kroz Zeleni Butan,
12:53
another national program.
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još jedan nacionalni program.
12:56
But it is our protected areas
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Međutim, zaštićeni prostori
12:58
that are at the core
of our carbon neutral strategy.
of our carbon neutral strategy.
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3320
su u središtu naše
ugljenično neutralne strategije.
ugljenično neutralne strategije.
13:02
Our protected areas are our carbon sink.
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Naši zaštićeni prostori
su naši ugljenični čistači.
su naši ugljenični čistači.
13:05
They are our lungs.
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To su naša pluća.
13:08
Today, more than half
our country is protected,
our country is protected,
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Danas je više od polovine
naše države zaštićeno,
naše države zaštićeno,
13:12
as national parks, nature reserves
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u vidu nacionalnih parkova,
prirodnih rezervata
prirodnih rezervata
13:14
and wildlife sanctuaries.
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i skloništa divljeg života.
13:17
But the beauty is that we've connected
them all with one another
them all with one another
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Ali lepota je u tome što smo ih
međusobno povezali
međusobno povezali
13:21
through a network of biological corridors.
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putem mreže bioloških koridora.
13:26
Now, what this means
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Sad, ovo znači
13:27
is that our animals are free
to roam throughout our country.
to roam throughout our country.
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da su naše životinje slobodne
da lutaju našom državom.
da lutaju našom državom.
13:33
Take this tiger, for example.
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Uzmite ovog tigra, na primer.
13:35
It was spotted
at 250 meters above sea level
at 250 meters above sea level
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Primećen je na 250 metara nadmorske visine
13:38
in the hot, subtropical jungles.
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u vrelim, suptropskim džunglama.
13:42
Two years later, that same tiger
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Dve godine kasnije, taj isti tigar
13:45
was spotted near 4,000 meters
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je primećen na blizu 4000 metara
13:48
in our cold alpine mountains.
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na našim hladnim visokim planinama.
13:51
Isn't that awesome?
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Zar to nije fantastično?
13:53
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
13:57
We must keep it that way.
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Mora tako i da ostane.
14:00
We must keep our parks awesome.
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Naši parkovi moraju da ostanu fantastični.
14:03
So every year, we set aside resources
to prevent poaching, hunting,
to prevent poaching, hunting,
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Pa svake godine odvajamo sredstva
da bismo sprečili krivolov, lov,
da bismo sprečili krivolov, lov,
14:08
mining and pollution in our parks,
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kopanje i zagađivanje naših parkova,
14:10
and resources to help communities
who live in those parks
who live in those parks
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kao i resurse da bi pomogli zajednicama
koje žive u tim parkovima
koje žive u tim parkovima
14:16
manage their forests,
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da se brinu o svojim šumama,
14:17
adapt to climate change,
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prilagode klimatskim promenama
14:19
and lead better lives while continuing
to live in harmony with Mother Nature.
to live in harmony with Mother Nature.
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i da žive bolje živote, istovremeno
živeći u harmoniji s majkom prirodom.
živeći u harmoniji s majkom prirodom.
14:24
But that is expensive.
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No to je skupo.
14:26
Over the next few years,
our small economy won't have the resources
our small economy won't have the resources
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U narednih nekoliko godina
naša mala ekonomija neće imati sredstava
naša mala ekonomija neće imati sredstava
14:32
to cover all the costs that are required
to protect our environment.
to protect our environment.
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da pokrije sve potrebne troškove
za zaštitu naše okoline.
za zaštitu naše okoline.
14:37
In fact, when we run the numbers,
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Zapravo, kad sve saberemo,
14:39
it looks like it'll take us
at least 15 years
at least 15 years
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izgleda da će nam biti potrebno
bar petnaest godina
bar petnaest godina
14:41
before we can fully finance
all our conservation efforts.
all our conservation efforts.
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dok mognemo da u potpunosti finansiramo
sve naše pokušaje očuvanja prirode.
sve naše pokušaje očuvanja prirode.
14:47
But neither Bhutan,
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Ali ni Butan,
14:49
nor the world
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1200
ni svet
14:51
can afford to spend 15 years
going backwards.
going backwards.
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ne može da priušti da provede 15 godina
vraćajući se unazad.
vraćajući se unazad.
14:56
This is why His Majesty the King
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Zato je Njegovo veličanstvo kralj
14:59
started Bhutan For Life.
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započeo program Butan za život.
15:02
Bhutan For Life gives us the time we need.
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Butan za život
nam obezbeđuje potrebno vreme.
nam obezbeđuje potrebno vreme.
15:04
It gives us breathing room.
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Daje nam prostor da dišemo.
15:07
It is essentially a funding mechanism
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To je u suštini mehanizam finansiranja
15:09
to look after our parks,
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kojim pazimo na naše parkove,
15:11
to protect our parks,
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štitimo naše parkove,
15:13
until our government
can take over on our own fully.
can take over on our own fully.
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dok naša vlada mogne samostalno
da preuzme brigu o njima.
da preuzme brigu o njima.
15:17
The idea is to raise a transition fund
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3776
Zamisao je da se sakupi prelazni fond
15:21
from individual donors,
corporations and institutions,
corporations and institutions,
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3320
od pojedinačnih donatora,
korporacija i institucija,
korporacija i institucija,
15:25
but the deal is closed only
after predetermined conditions are met
after predetermined conditions are met
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ali ugovor se zaključuje tek nakon
što su svi predviđeni uslovi ispunjeni
što su svi predviđeni uslovi ispunjeni
15:30
and all funds committed.
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1600
i svi fondovi obavezani.
15:32
So multiparty, single closing:
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2920
Dakle, više strana, jedan cilj:
15:36
an idea we borrowed from Wall Street.
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ideja koju smo pozajmili od Vol Strita.
15:39
This means that individual donors
can commit without having to worry
can commit without having to worry
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Ovo znači da pojedinačni donatori
mogu da se obavežu i da ne brinu
mogu da se obavežu i da ne brinu
15:44
that they'll be left
supporting an underfunded plan.
supporting an underfunded plan.
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da će im biti ostavljena briga
za nedovoljno finansiran plan.
za nedovoljno finansiran plan.
15:49
It's something like a Kickstarter project,
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To je poput projekta Kikstarter,
15:51
only with a 15-year time horizon
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2376
samo sa vremenskim okvirom od 15 godina
15:54
and millions of tons
of carbon dioxide at stake.
of carbon dioxide at stake.
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i milionima tona ugljen-dioksida u igri.
15:58
Once the deal is closed,
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1720
Čim se ugovor zaključi,
16:01
we use the transition fund
to protect our parks,
to protect our parks,
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koristimo prelazni fond
za zaštitu naših parkova,
za zaštitu naših parkova,
16:05
giving our government time
to increase our own funding gradually
to increase our own funding gradually
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ostavljajući tako vremena našoj vladi
da postepeno poveća sopstvena ulaganja
da postepeno poveća sopstvena ulaganja
16:10
until the end of the 15-year period.
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do kraja 15-ogodišnjeg perioda.
16:12
After that, our government
guarantees full funding forever.
guarantees full funding forever.
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Nakon toga naša vlada garantuje
celokupno finansiranje zauvek.
celokupno finansiranje zauvek.
16:20
We are almost there.
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Skoro da smo uspeli.
16:21
We expect to close later this year.
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Očekujemo zaključenje krajem godine.
16:24
Naturally, I'm pretty excited.
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Naravno da sam prilično uzbuđen.
16:26
(Applause)
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3640
(Aplauz)
16:32
The World Wildlife Fund
is our principle partner in this journey,
is our principle partner in this journey,
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Svetski fond za divlje životinje
je naš glavni partner na ovom putovanju
je naš glavni partner na ovom putovanju
16:38
and I want to give them a big shoutout
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i želim da im se glasno zahvalim
16:41
for the excellent work
they are doing in Bhutan
they are doing in Bhutan
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2320
za izvanredan posao
koji obavljaju u Butanu
koji obavljaju u Butanu
16:44
and across the world.
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i širom sveta.
16:45
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
16:49
Whew, it is getting warm in here.
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Uh, sve je toplije ovde.
17:04
I thank you for listening to our story,
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Hvala vam što ste saslušali našu priču,
17:07
a story of how we are keeping
our promise to remain carbon neutral,
our promise to remain carbon neutral,
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priču o tome kako održavamo naše obećanje
da ćemo ostati ugljenično neutralni,
da ćemo ostati ugljenično neutralni,
17:11
a story of how we are keeping
our country pristine,
our country pristine,
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priču o tome kako održavamo
našu zemlju netaknutom
našu zemlju netaknutom
17:16
for ourselves, our children,
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zbog sebe, naše dece,
17:18
for your children and for the world.
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vaše dece i zbog sveta.
17:22
But we are not here
to tell stories, are we?
to tell stories, are we?
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No nismo ovde
da bismo pričali priče, zar ne?
da bismo pričali priče, zar ne?
17:25
We are here to dream together.
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Ovde smo da bismo zajedno sanjali.
17:29
So in closing, I'd like to share
one more dream that I have.
one more dream that I have.
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Pa bih na kraju želeo da podelim
još jedan moj san.
još jedan moj san.
17:34
What if we could mobilize
our leadership and our resources,
our leadership and our resources,
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Šta ako bismo mogli da mobilišemo
naše vođe i naše resurse,
naše vođe i naše resurse,
17:37
our influence and our passion,
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naš uticaj i našu strast
17:40
to replicate the Bhutan For Life idea
to other countries
to other countries
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da preslikamo ideju Butan za život
na druge države
na druge države
17:43
so that they too
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kako bi i one
17:46
can conserve their
protected areas for all time.
protected areas for all time.
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mogle da sačuvaju
svoja zaštićena područja zauvek.
svoja zaštićena područja zauvek.
17:50
After all, there are many other countries
who face the same issues that we face.
who face the same issues that we face.
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Naposletku, ima mnogo drugih država
koje se suočavaju s istim problemima.
koje se suočavaju s istim problemima.
17:53
They too have natural resources
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I one imaju prirodne resurse
17:56
that can help win the world's fight
for sustainability,
for sustainability,
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kojima bi mogle da pomognu
u svetskoj borbi za održivost,
u svetskoj borbi za održivost,
18:00
only they may not have the ability
to invest in them now.
to invest in them now.
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samo što možda trenutno
nemaju sredstva da ulože u njih.
nemaju sredstva da ulože u njih.
18:03
So what if we set up Earth For Life,
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Dakle, šta kad bismo osnovali
Zemlja za život,
Zemlja za život,
18:06
a global fund, to kickstart
the Bhutan For Life throughout the world?
the Bhutan For Life throughout the world?
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globalni fond, koji bi pokrenuo
Butan za život širom sveta?
Butan za život širom sveta?
18:12
I invite you to help me,
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Pozivam vas da mi pomognete
18:14
to carry this dream beyond our borders
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da iznesem ovaj san mimo naših granica
18:17
to all those who care
about our planet's future.
about our planet's future.
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svima koji mare za budućnost naše planete.
18:22
After all, we're here to dream together,
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Naposletku, ovde smo
da bismo zajedno sanjali,
da bismo zajedno sanjali,
18:27
to work together,
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da bismo radili zajedno,
18:28
to fight climate change together,
to protect our planet together.
to protect our planet together.
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borili se protiv klimatskih promena
i štitili našu planetu zajedno.
i štitili našu planetu zajedno.
18:33
Because the reality is
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Jer smo u stvarnosti
18:36
we are in it together.
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svi zajedno u tome.
18:38
Some of us might dress differently,
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Neki od nas se možda različito oblače,
18:41
but we are in it together.
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ali zajedno smo u ovome.
18:43
Thank you very much,
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Mnogo vam hvala
18:45
and kadrin chhe la. Thank you.
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i kadrin chhe la. Hvala vam.
18:47
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
18:48
Thank you, thank you, thank you.
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Hvala vam, hvala, hvala.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tshering Tobgay - Prime Minister of BhutanActing on his mandate to move Bhutan into the 21st century, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay is transforming his nation -- while maintaining its “Gross National Happiness.”
Why you should listen
Tshering Tobgay went from civil servant to politician to prime minister -- all the while maintaining his star social media profile in one of Asia’s most progressive emerging states. As the second democratically elected Prime Minister of Bhutan, Tobgay continues to emphasize his country’s core value of happiness.
Bhutan's acclaimed "Gross National Happiness" index prioritizes well-being over financial growth. But Tobgay also seeks to solve Bhutan's great challenges: unemployment, poverty, gaps in education and infrastructure. WIth a foundation of optimism, his administration and the country's young democracy hope to become a paragon of stability in the developing world.
Tshering Tobgay | Speaker | TED.com