TEDGlobal 2013
David Steindl-Rast: Want to be happy? Be grateful
大卫·斯坦尔德-拉斯特: 想要快乐？学会感恩
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大卫·斯坦尔德-拉斯特是一位和尚，也是研究多种信仰的一名学者。他说，想要变得快乐是人类共有的期待。快乐，是从感恩中获得的。这是一个可以带来启发的演说，让我们慢下来，看看你要走向何方，最重要的是，学会感恩。
David Steindl-Rast - Monk
Brother David Steindl-Rast, a Benedictine monk, meditates and writes on "the gentle power" of gratefulness. Full bio
Brother David Steindl-Rast, a Benedictine monk, meditates and writes on "the gentle power" of gratefulness. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
There is something
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有些事情
00:14
you know about me, something very personal,
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关于我的，是些非常私人的问题
00:19
and there is something I know about
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还有一些我知道
00:22
every one of you
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是你们每一个人
00:24
and that's very central to your concerns.
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最关心的问题
00:28
There is something that we know
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有些我们知道
00:31
about everyone we meet anywhere in the world,
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关于我们在世界上任何地方遇见的所有人
00:33
on the street,
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在街上
00:37
that is the very mainspring
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那是他们做某些事，和忍受某些事情
最主要的动力
最主要的动力
00:40
of whatever they do
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那是他们做某些事，和忍受某些事情
最主要的动力
最主要的动力
00:42
and whatever they put up with,
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那是他们做某些事，和忍受某些事情
最主要的动力
最主要的动力
00:46
and that is that all of us
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那就是，我们所有人
00:49
want to be happy.
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都想要快乐。
00:52
In this, we are all together.
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就这个问题而言，我们是一样的
00:55
How we imagine our happiness,
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我们如何想象我们的快乐
00:58
that differs from one another,
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与别人不同的快乐
01:00
but it's already a lot that we have all in common,
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但是我们最重要的共同点是
01:05
that we want to be happy.
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我们想要变得快乐
01:09
Now my topic is gratefulness.
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我的话题关于感恩
01:12
How is the connection between
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快乐和感恩之间
01:15
happiness and gratefulness?
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有着怎样的联系？
01:19
Many people would say, well, that's very easy.
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很多人会说，恩，这很容易
01:22
When you are happy, you are grateful.
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当你快乐的时候，你就心存感激
01:26
But think again.
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但是，请再想一想
01:29
Is it really the happy people that are grateful?
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快乐的人是心存感激的，真的是这样吗？
01:34
We all know quite a number of people
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我们知道，很多人
01:38
who have everything that it would take to be happy,
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他们拥有应该令他们感到快乐的东西
01:42
and they are not happy,
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但他们并不快乐
01:44
because they want something else
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因为他们想要其他的东西
01:46
or they want more of the same.
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或者他们想要更多自己已有的东西
01:50
And we all know people
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我们都知道
01:52
who have lots of misfortune,
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有些遭遇很多不幸的人
01:57
misfortune that we ourselves would not want to have,
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这些不幸是我们完全不想沾染的
02:00
and they are deeply happy.
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但他们却深深地感到快乐
02:03
They radiate happiness. You are surprised.
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他们散播欢乐。你会感到惊讶
02:07
Why? Because they are grateful.
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为什么？因为他们懂得感恩
02:10
So it is not happiness that makes us grateful.
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所以，并不是快乐让我们有感激之情
02:14
It's gratefulness that makes us happy.
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而是感恩之心让我们快乐
02:17
If you think it's happiness that makes you grateful,
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如果你认为是快乐让你心存感激
02:20
think again.
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再想一想。
02:22
It's gratefulness that makes you happy.
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是感恩让你快乐。
02:26
Now, we can ask,
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现在，我们可以问，
02:28
what really do we mean by gratefulness?
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对我们来说，感激的意义是什么？
02:32
And how does it work?
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它是怎么发生的？
02:37
I appeal to your own experience.
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我希望你们能想到自己的经验
02:39
We all know from experience how it goes.
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我们可以从自己的经验中了解到它是如何运作的
02:43
We experience something
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我们经历了一些
02:45
that's valuable to us.
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对我们来说重要的事情
02:48
Something is given to us that's valuable to us.
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一些我们收到的，并且对我们而言很宝贵的东西。
02:53
And it's really given.
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而且，是真正由别人给予的。
02:55
These two things have to come together.
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这两个条件必须同时存在
02:58
It has to be something valuable,
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这件事物必须是重要的
03:01
and it's a real gift.
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而且是一份礼物
03:03
You haven't bought it. You haven't earned it.
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不是你买的，也不是你挣来的。
03:06
You haven't traded it in. You haven't worked for it.
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不是你买卖得来的，也不是你工作得来的
03:09
It's just given to you.
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只是单纯的给予了你。
03:10
And when these two things come together,
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当这两个条件同时符合时，
03:13
something that's really valuable to me
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这东西对我很有价值
03:15
and I realize it's freely given,
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我意识到这完全是馈赠
03:18
then gratefulness spontaneously
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感恩之心油然
03:21
rises in my heart,
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出现在我心里
03:23
happiness spontaneously rises in my heart.
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快乐也同时出现在我心里
03:28
That's how gratefulness happens.
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这就是感激如何发生的。
03:31
Now the key to all this is that
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这一切的关键点在于
03:39
we cannot only experience this once in a while.
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我们不能仅仅体会到单一的感觉。
03:44
We cannot only have grateful experiences.
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我们不能只有感激的经验。
03:48
We can be people who live gratefully.
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我们可以是那些存有感恩生活着的人
03:52
Grateful living, that is the thing.
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感恩地活着，就是这样
03:56
And how can we live gratefully?
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那么我们如何能感恩地生活呢？
04:00
By experiencing, by becoming aware
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通过经历，意识到
04:04
that every moment is a given moment, as we say.
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我们的每秒每刻都是被给予的
04:09
It's a gift. You haven't earned it.
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这是上天的礼物。不是你挣来的。
04:11
You haven't brought it about in any way.
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它不是你透过任何方式带来的
04:14
You have no way of assuring that there will be
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你无法确定
04:18
another moment given to you,
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你会被赠予其他的时刻
04:20
and yet, that's the most valuable thing
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但是，那就是能赠与我们最有价值的东西。
04:23
that can ever be given to us,
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但是，那就是能赠与我们最有价值的东西。
04:26
this moment, with all the opportunity that it contains.
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以及尾随这个时刻而来的各种契机。
04:31
If we didn't have this present moment,
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如果我们没有现在这个时刻
04:34
we wouldn't have any opportunity to do anything
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我们不会有任何机会
04:37
or experience anything,
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去做任何事，经历任何事
04:39
and this moment is a gift.
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而这个时刻，就是一个礼物
04:41
It's a given moment, as we say.
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就像我们所说的那样，
它是被赠与的
它是被赠与的
04:43
Now, we say the gift within this gift
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现在，我们说礼物中的礼物
04:47
is really the opportunity.
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就是机会
04:50
What you are really grateful for is the opportunity,
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你真正感激的，是这个机会
04:54
not the thing that is given to you,
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而不是那个你收到的东西。
04:56
because if that thing were somewhere else
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因为如果那个东西在别处
04:58
and you didn't have the opportunity to enjoy it,
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而你没有机会享受它
05:02
to do something with it,
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来体会它
05:04
you wouldn't be grateful for it.
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你就不会觉得感恩
05:07
Opportunity is the gift within every gift,
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机会是礼物中的礼物
05:11
and we have this saying,
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我们有这样的谚语
05:13
opportunity knocks only once.
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机会只有一次
05:17
Well, think again.
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那么，再想一想
05:20
Every moment is a new gift, over and over again,
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每个时刻都是一个新的礼物，周而复始
05:24
and if you miss the opportunity of this moment,
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如果你错失了这个时刻给予你的机会
05:28
another moment is given to us, and another moment.
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另外的时刻总是会出现
05:32
We can avail ourselves of this opportunity,
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我们可以利用这个机会
05:34
or we can miss it,
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或者我们也可以错失它
05:36
and if we avail ourselves of the opportunity,
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如果我们把握这个机会
05:40
it is the key to happiness.
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那就是让我们快乐的关键所在
05:43
Behold the master key to our happiness
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通往快乐大门的钥匙
05:46
in our own hands.
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在我们手中
05:48
Moment by moment,
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每分每秒
05:50
we can be grateful for this gift.
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我们感谢这个礼物
05:53
Does that mean
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可是，那意味着
05:56
that we can be grateful for everything?
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我们会对世间一切都心存感激吗？
05:59
Certainly not.
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当然不是
06:01
We cannot be grateful for violence, for war,
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我们不会感谢暴力，战争，
06:06
for oppression, for exploitation.
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镇压，剥削的存在
06:09
On the personal level, we cannot be grateful
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个人层面上看，我们不会感恩
06:12
for the loss of a friend, for unfaithfulness,
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朋友的离去，不忠
06:15
for bereavement.
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丧友丧亲之痛
06:18
But I didn't say we can be grateful for everything.
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但我并没有说我们要对
世间一切心怀感恩
世间一切心怀感恩
06:22
I said we can be grateful in every given moment
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我的意思是，我们感谢
06:26
for the opportunity,
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每一个时刻背后所带来的机会
06:28
and even when we are confronted
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即使当我们面对
06:32
with something that is terribly difficult,
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极其困难的问题
06:35
we can rise to this occasion
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我们可以回想起这个给予我们的机会
06:37
and respond to the opportunity that is given to us.
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然后对它做出回应
06:42
It isn't as bad as it might seem.
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它可能没有看起来那么糟
06:44
Actually, when you look at it and experience it,
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事实上，当你检视并经历它之后
06:48
you find that most of the time, what is given to us
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你会发现，给予我们的大部分时刻
06:52
is opportunity to enjoy,
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都是让我们乐在其中的机遇
06:54
and we only miss it because
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我们之所以错失它
06:56
we are rushing through life
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是因为我们急着过自己的生活
06:58
and we are not stopping to see the opportunity.
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我们没有停下来看看这个机会
07:01
But once in a while,
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可是偶尔
07:03
something very difficult is given to us,
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一些非常困难的事情发生了
07:06
and when this difficult thing occurs to us,
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当这些困难出现时，
07:10
it's a challenge to rise to that opportunity,
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这个机遇，就是一种挑战
07:14
and we can rise to it by learning something
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它会让我们学到些什么
07:17
which is sometimes painful.
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有时是痛苦的
07:19
Learning patience, for instance.
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例如，学着有耐心
07:21
We have been told that the road to peace
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我们知道，通往自由的道路
07:24
is not a sprint,
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不是短跑
07:26
but is more like a marathon.
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更像是一场马拉松
07:28
That takes patience. That's difficult.
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那需要耐心。那是困难的
07:32
It may be to stand up for your opinion,
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它也有可能是捍卫自己的观点立场
07:36
to stand up for your conviction.
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捍卫自己的信念
07:39
That's an opportunity that is given to us.
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这就是给予我们的机会
07:42
To learn, to suffer, to stand up,
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去学习，去遭遇，去坚持
07:45
all these opportunities are given to us,
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所有这些给予我们的机会
07:48
but they are opportunities,
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但是，它们是机会
07:49
and those who avail themselves
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那些自己
07:51
of those opportunities
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抓住机遇的人
07:53
are the ones that we admire.
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是我们所尊重的
07:55
They make something out of life.
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他们从生活中获得了些什么
07:57
And those who fail get another opportunity.
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那些失败的人，
也总能获得其它的机会
也总能获得其它的机会
08:02
We always get another opportunity.
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我们总能获得额外的机会
08:05
That's the wonderful richness of life.
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那就是生活中美好与丰富之处
08:10
So how can we find a method
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那我们要如何找到善用机会
08:14
that will harness this?
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的方法呢？
08:16
How can each one of us find a method
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我们每个人如何能找到
08:19
for living gratefully,
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生活中存有感恩之心的方法
08:21
not just once in a while being grateful,
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不是某一次感到感恩
08:23
but moment by moment to be grateful.
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而是每时每刻都心存感激
08:26
How can we do it?
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我们要如何做到呢？
08:27
It's a very simple method.
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这是一个非常简单的方法
08:29
It's so simple that it's actually what we were told
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方法如此简单，
08:34
as children when we learned to cross the street.
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就像小时候大人教我们
如何过马路一样
如何过马路一样
08:37
Stop. Look. Go.
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停下来，看一看，向前走
08:41
That's all.
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就是这样
08:42
But how often do we stop?
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我们多久才停下来？
08:45
We rush through life. We don't stop.
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我们急着过自己的生活。我们从不停歇
08:48
We miss the opportunity because we don't stop.
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我们错失机会因为我们没有停下来
08:53
We have to stop. We have to get quiet.
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我们必须停下脚步，安静下来
08:58
And we have to build stop signs
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我们要在人生旅途中
09:01
into our lives.
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时刻提醒自己停下来
09:03
When I was in Africa some years ago
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很多年前，我去了非洲
09:07
and then came back,
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回来之后
09:08
I noticed water.
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我意识到水的存在
09:11
In Africa where I was, I didn't have drinkable water.
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在非洲，我没有可以饮用的安全水源
09:15
Every time I turned on the faucet,
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每当我看到水龙头的时候
09:17
I was overwhelmed.
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我受宠若惊
09:20
Every time I clicked on the light,
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每次我打开电灯开关的时候
09:22
I was so grateful. It made me so happy.
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我心怀感恩，非常开心
09:25
But after a while, this wears off.
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可过了一阵子，我就不再注意到这些了
09:27
So I put little stickers on the light switch
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所以我在灯的开关上，
09:31
and on the water faucet,
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水龙头边贴了一些小贴纸
09:32
and every time I turned it on, water.
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每次我看到它们就会感受到
09:35
So leave it up to your own imagination.
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所以请根据自己的情况自由想象
09:38
You can find whatever works best for you,
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你会找到对你来说最好的方式
09:40
but you need stop signs in your life.
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但你要提醒自己时常停下来
09:44
And when you stop,
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当你停下来的时候
09:46
then the next thing is to look.
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下一件事就是看一看
09:48
You look. You open your eyes.
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你看一看，你睁开眼睛
09:50
You open your ears. You open your nose.
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你打开耳朵。你张开嘴巴
09:53
You open all your senses
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你打开身体的感知系统
09:55
for this wonderful richness that is given to us.
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感知那些精彩丰富的事情
09:58
There is no end to it,
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这是没有止境的
10:00
and that is what life is all about,
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这就是人生的意义
10:03
to enjoy, to enjoy what is given to us.
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来享受，享受我们被给予的一切
10:06
And then we can also open our hearts,
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我们也可以敞开心扉
10:09
our hearts for the opportunities,
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迎接机遇
10:12
for the opportunities also to help others,
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那些能够帮助他人的机会
10:15
to make others happy, because
nothing makes us more happy
nothing makes us more happy
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让他人开心，因为
10:19
than when all of us are happy.
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没有什么比所有人都开心
更值得高兴的了
更值得高兴的了
10:22
And when we open our hearts to the opportunities,
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当我们敞开心扉迎接机遇的时候
10:26
the opportunities invite us to do something,
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这些机遇会邀请我们做一些事情
10:30
and that is the third.
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那就是第三件事
10:31
Stop, look, and then go, and really do something.
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停下来，看一看，向前走，然后真正地去做一些事情
10:36
And what we can do is
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我们能做的是
10:38
whatever life offers to you in that present moment.
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认真过生命在当下提供的选择。
10:42
Mostly it's the opportunity to enjoy,
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大多时候，那是去享受的机会
10:47
but sometimes it's something more difficult.
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但有时，是更困难的事
10:51
But whatever it is, if we take this opportunity,
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但不管是什么，如果我们抓住了这个机会
10:55
we go with it, we are creative,
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我们就去完成它，
我们是有创造性的
我们是有创造性的
10:58
those are the creative people,
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人们有创造力
11:00
and that little stop, look, go,
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而那个停下来，看一看，向前走
11:04
is such a potent seed
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是赋有潜力的种子
11:06
that it can revolutionize our world.
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那种子甚至可以改变我们的世界
11:10
Because we need, we are at the present moment
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因为我们需要，我们在这个时刻
11:15
in the middle of a change of consciousness,
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我们在感知发生变化的过程中
11:19
and you will be surprised if you --
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你会感到惊讶，当你--
11:21
I am always surprised when I hear how many times
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我时常感到惊讶，当我多次听到
11:24
this word "gratefulness" and "gratitude" comes up.
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感恩和感激这些词汇的出现
11:27
Everywhere you find it,
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你可以在任何地方找到
11:29
a grateful airline, a restaurant gratefulness,
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一个“心存感恩”的航空公司，
一家“心存感恩”的餐厅
一家“心存感恩”的餐厅
11:32
a cafe gratefulness, a wine that is gratefulness.
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一间“充满感激之情”的咖啡馆，
一款“充满感激之情”的葡萄酒
一款“充满感激之情”的葡萄酒
11:35
Yes, I have even come across a toilet paper
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确实，我曾见过一款厕纸
11:39
that the brand is called Thank You. (Laughter)
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“感谢”牌的厕纸
11:43
There is a wave of gratefulness because
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“感恩”的浪潮席卷而来，是因为
11:45
people are becoming aware how important this is
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人们已经开始意识到
感恩有多么重要
感恩有多么重要
11:48
and how this can change our world.
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并且感恩是如何能改变我们的世界
11:51
It can change our world
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感恩可以改变我们的世界
11:54
in immensely important ways,
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以诸多种重要的方式
11:58
because if you're grateful, you're not fearful,
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因为当你心存感激，你不会恐惧
12:02
and if you're not fearful, you're not violent.
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如果你不恐惧，你就会平和
12:05
If you're grateful, you act out of a sense of enough
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如果你心存感激，你会表现出满足感，
12:09
and not of a sense of scarcity,
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而不是短缺的模样
12:11
and you are willing to share.
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你会更乐于分享
12:13
If you are grateful, you are enjoying
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如果你心存感激
12:16
the differences between people,
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你会欣赏人与人间的不同
12:17
and you are respectful to everybody,
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并且你尊重每个人
12:20
and that changes this power pyramid
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这会改变我们生活中的
12:22
under which we live.
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权利金字塔结构
12:23
And it doesn't make for equality,
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它无法创造平等的
12:26
but it makes for equal respect,
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却能带来平等尊重
12:29
and that is the important thing.
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而这是最重要的事
12:31
The future of the world will be a network,
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未来的世界将会是一个网状物
12:34
not a pyramid, not a pyramid turned upside down.
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不是金字塔，也不是倒过来的金字塔
12:38
The revolution of which I am speaking
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我所说的革命
12:40
is a nonviolent revolution,
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是非暴力的革命
12:42
and it's so revolutionary
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它是如此具有革命性
12:44
that it even revolutionizes
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它甚至革命性地改变了
12:46
the very concept of a revolution,
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革命的概念
12:49
because a normal revolution is one
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因为一个普通的革命
12:51
where the power pyramid is turned upside down
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是权利金字塔倒转过来
12:54
and those who were on the bottom
are now on the top
are now on the top
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那些底层的人站在了顶尖
12:57
and are doing exactly the same thing
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然后做了和以前在金字塔顶尖的人
12:59
that the ones did before.
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一模一样的事情
13:02
What we need is a networking of smaller groups,
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我们需要的是小群组的网络
13:06
smaller and smaller groups who know one another,
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小型的群组相互知晓
13:09
who interact with one another,
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相互沟通
13:12
and that is a grateful world.
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那将是一个充满感恩的世界
13:14
A grateful world is a world of joyful people.
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一个感恩的世界，是
生活在其中的人，都感到愉悦。
生活在其中的人，都感到愉悦。
13:18
Grateful people are joyful people,
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有感恩之心的人是快乐的人
13:21
and joyful people,
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快乐的人
13:23
the more and more joyful people there are,
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人们越来越快乐
13:26
the more and more we'll have a joyful world.
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我们才越会有一个愉快的世界
13:30
We have a network for grateful living,
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我们有一个感恩地生活的网络
13:34
and it has mushroomed.
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它迅速增长
13:36
We couldn't understand why it mushroomed.
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我们不明白为什么它增长如此迅速
13:39
We have an opportunity for people to light a candle
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当人们对某事“心存感激”时
13:42
when they are grateful for something.
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他们就可以点亮一根蜡烛
13:45
And there have been 15 million candles lit
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在十年内点亮了
13:50
in one decade.
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总计一千五百万蜡烛
13:52
People are becoming aware
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人们开始意识到
13:54
that a grateful world is a happy world,
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感恩的世界是快乐的世界
13:58
and we all have the opportunity
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我们都有机会
14:01
by the simple stop, look, go,
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只需要简单地停下来，看一看，向前走
14:04
to transform the world,
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来改变世界
14:06
to make it a happy place.
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让世界变得更美好快乐
14:08
And that is what I hope for us,
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这就是我所希望的，
14:09
and if this has contributed a little
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如果（我的演讲）能够为你带来
14:12
to making you want to do the same,
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一点点动力，做这件事
14:14
stop, look, go.
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停下来，看一看，向前走。
14:16
Thank you.
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谢谢。
14:17
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Steindl-Rast - MonkBrother David Steindl-Rast, a Benedictine monk, meditates and writes on "the gentle power" of gratefulness.
Why you should listen
Many first met Brother David Steindl-Rast through a viral video called "Nature. Beauty. Gratitude," where Louie Schwartzberg's footage of time-lapse flowers in bloom is narrated by Brother David's moving words asking us to simply be ... grateful. Since 1953, Brother David has been a monk of Mount Saviour Benedictine monastery in New York, dividing his time between hermitic contemplation, writing and lecturing. He's the cofounder of gratefulness.org, supporting ANG*L (A Network for Grateful Living).
He was one of the first Roman Catholics to participate in Buddhist-Christian dialogue, and is the author of The Ground We Share, a text on Buddhist and Christian practice, written with Robert Aitken Roshi. His other books include Gratefulness, the Heart of Prayer and Deeper Than Words. His most recent book is 99 Blessings, a series of prayers for the general reader -- whether people of faith, agnostics, or uncertain.
David Steindl-Rast | Speaker | TED.com