TED2014
Kitra Cahana: A glimpse of life on the road
琪德拉·卡哈娜: 那些无家可归和逃避隐藏的人的故事
Filmed:
Readability: 4.7
1,573,445 views
当琪德拉·卡哈娜，一个摄影记者，也是TED Fellow，还是个小女孩时，她就梦想着自己逃离家乡，在公路上自由地生活着。现在成年的她，自称无业游民，跟随着现代游牧名族来到他们的家——货车车厢，公车站，停车场，休息站的卫生间——为我们揭开这些边缘的文化。
Kitra Cahana - Vagabond photojournalist + conceptual artist
Kitra Cahana is a Canadian photographer who blurs the line between anthropologist and journalist. Full bio
Kitra Cahana is a Canadian photographer who blurs the line between anthropologist and journalist. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
当我还是个小女孩时，我就一直幻想着
00:12
As a little girl, I always imagined
0
914
2297
00:15
I would one day run away.
1
3211
2335
有一天我能逃走。
00:17
From the age of six on,
2
5546
1464
从六岁那年起，
00:19
I kept a packed bag with some clothes
3
7010
2452
我藏在衣柜的背包里
00:21
and cans of food tucked away
4
9462
1526
一直装着些衣服
00:22
in the back of a closet.
5
10988
1994
和罐头食品。
00:24
There was a deep restlessness in me,
6
12982
2622
我的内心深处有着躁动与不安
00:27
a primal fear that I would fall prey
7
15604
2546
惧怕自己会被生活的琐事烦事
00:30
to a life of routine and boredom.
8
18150
2775
所侵蚀吞灭
00:32
And so, many of my early memories involved
9
20925
2609
因此，我的大部分童年记忆
00:35
intricate daydreams where
I would walk across borders,
I would walk across borders,
10
23534
3566
都和复杂的白日梦有关
幻想自己会越过边境，采寻野果，
00:39
forage for berries,
11
27100
1368
00:40
and meet all kinds of strange people
12
28468
2064
与路上各种陌生人邂逅，
00:42
living unconventional lives on the road.
13
30532
3044
他们都过着自由的生活。
00:45
Years have passed, but many of the adventures
14
33576
2584
岁月流去，但我童年幻想的
00:48
I fantasized about as a child --
15
36160
2767
许多冒险历程——
00:50
traveling and weaving my way
16
38927
1597
一边旅行，
00:52
between worlds other than my own —
17
40524
2000
一边把自己和别人的世界编织起来——
00:54
have become realities through my work
18
42524
1600
这一切已经在我的工作中变成了现实，
00:56
as a documentary photographer.
19
44124
2561
因为我成了一名纪实摄影师。
00:58
But no other experience has felt as true
20
46685
3135
但没有什么经历，比我童年的梦
01:01
to my childhood dreams
21
49820
1920
更显真实
01:03
as living amongst and documenting the lives
22
51740
2718
生活在美国各地的流浪汉之间，看着他们生活，
01:06
of fellow wanderers across the United States.
23
54458
4692
01:11
This is the nomadic dream,
24
59150
2760
这就是流浪梦，
01:13
a different kind of American dream
25
61910
1910
另一种不同的美国梦
01:15
lived by young hobos, travelers,
26
63820
2644
造梦者们都是年轻的流浪汉，旅人，
01:18
hitchhikers, vagrants and tramps.
27
66464
3384
旅途上搭便车的人，浪子，和无业游民。
01:21
In most of our minds,
28
69848
1349
在我们大多数人的观念中，
01:23
the vagabond is a creature from the past.
29
71197
3091
流浪是已经消逝的一种生活。
01:26
The word "hobo" conjures up an old
30
74288
2303
“流浪汉”这个词映射出
01:28
black and white image
31
76591
1437
一幅黑白的画面
01:30
of a weathered old man covered in coal,
32
78028
2506
画面里有一个饱经风霜的，脸上涂着黑炭的老男人
01:32
legs dangling out of a boxcar,
33
80534
2401
双腿在货车车厢外晃荡，
01:34
but these photographs are in color,
34
82935
2112
但这些图片都是彩色的，
01:37
and they portray a community
35
85047
1783
它们描绘出一个周旋在这个国家
01:38
swirling across the country,
36
86830
1722
的一个群体，
01:40
fiercely alive and creatively free,
37
88552
2825
生命力顽强，奔放不羁
01:43
seeing sides of America that no one else
38
91377
2499
他们能看到常人所看不到的
01:45
gets to see.
39
93876
2190
美国的另一面。
01:48
Like their predecessors, today's nomads
40
96066
2690
和以前的人一样，今天的流浪者
01:50
travel the steel and asphalt arteries
41
98756
2667
走遍了美国大地的
01:53
of the United States.
42
101423
1689
铁路和柏油马路。
01:55
By day, they hop freight trains,
stick out their thumbs,
stick out their thumbs,
43
103112
3188
白天，他们跳上运货火车，伸出大拇指，
01:58
and ride the highways with anyone
44
106300
1854
在高速路上随便找人搭便车
02:00
from truckers to soccer moms.
45
108154
3016
不管他们是货车司机还是足球妈妈（开车载孩子去踢足球并在一旁观看的妈妈们）。
02:03
By night, they sleep beneath the stars,
46
111170
2326
晚上，他们就在星空下过夜，
02:05
huddled together with their packs of dogs,
47
113496
2682
和许多猫猫狗狗，还有宠物老鼠
02:08
cats and pet rats between their bodies.
48
116178
3708
抱在一起入眠。
02:11
Some travelers take to the road by choice,
49
119886
2628
一些旅人去流浪是出于选择的，
02:14
renouncing materialism, traditional jobs
50
122514
2586
他们抛弃物质主义，传统的工作，
02:17
and university degrees in exchange
for a glimmer of adventure.
for a glimmer of adventure.
51
125100
3934
和大学证书，以此换来冒险的希望。
02:21
Others come from the underbelly of society,
52
129034
3250
其他人则是来自社会的底层，
02:24
never given a chance to mobilize upwards:
53
132284
3040
他们从未有机会往上爬：
02:27
foster care dropouts, teenage runaways escaping
54
135324
3376
他们都是从监护所里逃离出来，
02:30
abuse and unforgiving homes.
55
138700
3144
和从无情暴力的家庭里离家出走的青少年。
02:33
Where others see stories of privation
56
141844
2910
当别人看待贫困
02:36
and economic failure,
57
144754
2080
和经济萧条的事情时，
02:38
travelers view their own existence
58
146834
1860
旅人们则透过了整个解放和自由的菱镜，
02:40
through the prism of liberation and freedom.
59
148694
3573
看到了他们自己的存在。
02:44
They'd rather live off of the excess
60
152267
2215
他们宁愿生活在无节制中，
02:46
of what they view as a wasteful consumer society
61
154482
2950
哪怕是他们认为这是个浪费的消费时代，
02:49
than slave away at an unrealistic chance
62
157432
2801
也不愿依靠不真实的希望而埋头苦干，
02:52
at the traditional American dream.
63
160233
2679
不愿依靠传统的美国梦。
02:54
They take advantage of the fact
64
162912
2089
他们了解到，
02:57
that in the United States,
65
165001
1548
在美国，
02:58
up to 40 percent of all food ends up in the garbage
66
166549
3821
接近40%的食物最终都到了垃圾桶里
03:02
by scavenging for perfectly good produce
67
170370
2633
所以他们在大垃圾箱里和垃圾桶里
03:05
in dumpsters and trash cans.
68
173003
2674
觅寻完好无损的食物。
03:07
They sacrifice material comforts in exchange
69
175677
2369
他们放弃了物质享受
03:10
for the space and the time to explore
70
178046
2723
为的是换取时间和空间去发掘
03:12
a creative interior,
71
180769
1722
一个创意的自我，
03:14
to dream, to read, to work on music, art and writing.
72
182491
4882
去想像，去阅读，去创造音乐，艺术，和写作。
03:19
But there are many aspects to this life
73
187373
2508
但这种生活的很多方面
03:21
that are far from idyllic.
74
189881
2363
根本谈不上田园风味。
03:24
No one loses their inner demons
75
192244
2123
选择了这条路
03:26
by taking to the road.
76
194367
1709
不代表他们遗弃了内心的恶魔。
03:28
Addiction is real, the elements are real,
77
196076
3162
吸毒是真实的，大自然的风吹雨打也是真实的，
03:31
freight trains maim and kill,
78
199238
2212
运货火车让人伤残也让人死亡，
03:33
and anyone who has lived on the streets can attest
79
201450
2660
另外，住在街上的任何人都可以证明
03:36
to the exhaustive list of laws
80
204110
1890
有数不清的法律条例
03:38
that criminalize homeless existence.
81
206000
4106
把无家可归的生命个体视为非法的。
03:42
Who here knows that in many cities
82
210106
1830
在这里，有谁知道
在美国的许多城市
03:43
across the United States it is now illegal
83
211936
2650
坐在人行道已经是不合法的
03:46
to sit on the sidewalk,
84
214586
2033
03:48
to wrap oneself in a blanket,
85
216619
3387
裹着摊子睡是不合法的
03:52
to sleep in your own car,
86
220006
2735
在自己车里睡是不合法的
给陌生人提供食物也是不合法的呢？
03:54
to offer food to a stranger?
87
222741
3359
我知道这些法律规定是因为
03:58
I know about these laws because I've watched
88
226100
1772
我目睹过朋友或其他旅者
03:59
as friends and other travelers
89
227872
1792
被关进监狱，或收到传票
04:01
were hauled off to jail or received citations
90
229664
2670
04:04
for committing these so-called crimes.
91
232334
3588
就因为他们“犯了这些罪”。
04:07
Many of you might be wondering why anyone
92
235922
2161
你们或许会好奇，为什么
会有人选择这样的生活，
04:10
would choose a life like this,
93
238083
1711
受制于这种有着差别待遇的法律，
04:11
under the thumb of discriminatory laws,
94
239794
2366
吃的是垃圾堆里的食物，
04:14
eating out of trash cans,
95
242160
1318
睡的是天桥地下，
04:15
sleeping under bridges,
96
243478
1789
到处打散工。
04:17
picking up seasonal jobs here and there.
97
245267
3251
和人们会选择流浪这条路一样，
04:20
The answer to such a question is as varied
98
248518
2514
以上问题的答案也相差无几，
04:23
as the people that take to the road,
99
251032
2536
但旅者们经常会用这样一个词来回应：
04:25
but travelers often respond with a single word:
100
253568
3382
自由。
04:28
freedom.
101
256950
2331
04:31
Until we live in a society where every human
102
259281
3513
除非在我们生活的这个社会里
每个人在工作中都确保有尊严
04:34
is assured dignity in their labor
103
262794
2069
这样他们才能用工作换取美好生活，
04:36
so that they can work to live well,
104
264863
1875
04:38
not only work to survive,
105
266738
2107
而不仅仅是为了生存而工作，
对于那些想要寻找马路
04:40
there will always be an element of those
106
268845
1917
04:42
who seek the open road as a means of escape,
107
270762
3132
来当作一种逃脱，自由，当然，也是反抗的人来说，
04:45
of liberation and, of course, of rebellion.
108
273894
5058
他们永远有自己的原则。
谢谢。
04:50
Thank you.
109
278952
2016
（掌声）
04:52
(Applause)
110
280968
2269
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kitra Cahana - Vagabond photojournalist + conceptual artistKitra Cahana is a Canadian photographer who blurs the line between anthropologist and journalist.
Why you should listen
Kitra Cahana is a wanderer. The American-born photographer was raised in Canada and Sweden, with a father who worked as a rabbi and took his family along with him everywhere he traveled. Cahana's itinerant childhood is evident in her work, which has taken her to teenage "rainbow parties," Venezuelan spiritual rituals, Ukranian Ultra-Orthodox prayer sites, American boxcars and bus stops and many more places. The 2014 TED Fellow embeds herself in the societies she documents, playing the part of photojouralist as well as enthnographer.
Kitra Cahana | Speaker | TED.com