TED2014
Joi Ito: Want to innovate? Become a "now-ist"
伊藤 城: 想要革新吗？做一个现在主义者
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"还记得英特网出现之前吗？"伊藤城问到。“还记得当人们试图预测未来？”来自MIT 媒体实验室的伊藤 城与我们分享他的新理念：与其试图预测未来，不如关注当下，不用去理会你的理念是否正确，也不要等待许可和认同， 快速的制造和稳定的提高。 这种由下至上的创新理念看似迷人， 在这个关注未来的社会里， 更多的人开始警觉并注意到自己身边发生的事。 别做一个未来主义者， 活在当下。
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
On March 10, 2011,
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2011年3月11日
00:15
I was in Cambridge at the MIT Media Lab
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我在剑桥的MIT 媒体实验室
00:18
meeting with faculty, students and staff,
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跟教师，学生和工作人员一起开会，
00:21
and we were trying to figure out whether
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我们都想弄清楚
00:23
I should be the next director.
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我是否可以成为下一个系主任。
00:25
That night, at midnight,
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那天晚上，在深夜，
00:28
a magnitude 9 earthquake
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巨大的九级地震
00:29
hit off of the Pacific coast of Japan.
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袭击了日本的太平洋海岸
00:32
My wife and family were in Japan,
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我的孩子和妻子都在日本，
00:34
and as the news started to come in,
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当消息来到的时候，
00:38
I was panicking.
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我很恐慌。
00:39
I was looking at the news streams
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我看着新闻
00:41
and listening to the press conferences
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听着
00:44
of the government officials
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官方的新闻发布会
00:46
and the Tokyo Power Company,
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以及东京电力公司的消息，
00:47
and hearing about this explosion
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听到
00:50
at the nuclear reactors
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核反应器的爆炸
00:51
and this cloud of fallout
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还有这片核反应云在飘向
00:53
that was headed towards our house
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我们家的方向
00:55
which was only about 200 kilometers away.
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只有大约200 千米以外。
00:58
And the people on TV weren't telling us
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而电视的报道人员不会告诉我们任何
01:00
anything that we wanted to hear.
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我们想知道的事情。
01:02
I wanted to know what was going on with the reactor,
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我想知道核反应器究竟出了什么故障，
01:04
what was going on with the radiation,
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放射线到底是怎么回事，
01:06
whether my family was in danger.
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我的家人是否有危险。
01:08
So I did what instinctively felt like the right thing,
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我直觉地感到该做得事情是
01:11
which was to go onto the Internet
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到互联网
01:13
and try to figure out
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并且试图弄清楚
01:14
if I could take matters into my own hands.
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我自己是否可以解决这个问题。
01:17
On the Net, I found there were a lot of other people
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在互联网上，我发现有很多人
01:19
like me trying to figure out what was going on,
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像我一样想弄清楚到底发生了什么。
01:21
and together we sort of loosely formed a group
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于是我们就这么够成了一个松散的组织，
01:23
and we called it Safecast,
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我们把它叫做平安广播，
01:25
and we decided we were going to try
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我们决定要尝试
01:26
to measure the radiation
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测量辐射强度
01:28
and get the data out to everybody else,
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并且把每个人的数据收集起来，
01:30
because it was clear that the government
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因为明显政府
01:32
wasn't going to be doing this for us.
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不会为我们做这些事。
01:35
Three years later,
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三年后，
01:36
we have 16 million data points,
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我们有了160 万个数据点，
01:39
we have designed our own Geiger counters
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我们设计了自己的盖格计数器（放射线探测仪），
01:42
that you can download the designs
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你可以下载设置，
01:43
and plug it into the network.
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并且把它和联网系统连接起来。
01:44
We have an app that shows you
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我们有一个软件让你看到
01:46
most of the radiation in Japan
and other parts of the world.
and other parts of the world.
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日本和大部分世界其他地区的辐射强度。
01:49
We are arguably one of the most successful
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我们可以说是在世界上最成功的一个
01:51
citizen science projects in the world,
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公民科学项目。
01:53
and we have created
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并且我们创建了
01:56
the largest open dataset of radiation measurements.
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最大的开放性核辐射测量数据集。
01:59
And the interesting thing here
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并且，这里有趣的是，
02:02
is how did — (Applause) — Thank you.
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究竟是如何 —（鼓掌）— 感谢
02:07
How did a bunch of amateurs
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一群毫无头绪的
02:09
who really didn't know what we were doing
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非专业人员
02:11
somehow come together
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就这么聚在一起，
02:13
and do what NGOs and the government
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做到了NGOs和政府
02:16
were completely incapable of doing?
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完全做不到的事情？
02:18
And I would suggest that this has something to do
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我想说这是因为
02:21
with the Internet. It's not a fluke.
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有了互联网。这不是侥幸，
02:23
It wasn't luck, and it wasn't because it was us.
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也不是幸运，也不是因为我们这些人，
02:25
It helped that it was an event
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而是因为这个事件
02:27
that pulled everybody together,
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使大家聚集在了一起。
02:29
but it was a new way of doing things
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但这是一个新的做事的方法，
02:30
that was enabled by the Internet
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是由互联网
02:32
and a lot of the other things that were going on,
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和一些其它的我们在做的事情促成的。
02:34
and I want to talk a little bit about
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所以我就想谈谈这些
02:36
what those new principles are.
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新的概念。
02:39
So remember before the Internet? (Laughter)
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记得在有互联网之前吗？（笑声）
02:43
I call this B.I. Okay?
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我把这叫做B.I.行吗？
02:45
So, in B.I., life was simple.
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那么，在互联网之前，生活是简单的。
02:49
Things were Euclidian, Newtonian,
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像欧几里德，牛顿学说，
02:52
somewhat predictable.
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这些事在某种程度上来说是可以预料的。
02:53
People actually tried to predict the future,
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事实上人们在试图预测未来，
02:55
even the economists.
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甚至是经济学家。
02:57
And then the Internet happened,
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然后因特网出现了，
03:00
and the world became extremely complex,
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然后世界就变得特别复杂，
03:02
extremely low-cost, extremely fast,
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特别的便宜，并特别的快，
03:05
and those Newtonian laws
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那些我们一度如此珍爱的
03:07
that we so dearly cherished
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牛顿定律
03:09
turned out to be just local ordinances,
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原来只是局部的规则，
03:11
and what we found was that in this
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我们发现在这个
03:13
completely unpredictable world
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完全无法预测的世界，
03:16
that most of the people who were surviving
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大部分生存下来的人
03:18
were working with sort of a different set of principles,
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都在用不同的原理工作，
03:21
and I want to talk a little bit about that.
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所以我也要想谈那个方面。
03:24
Before the Internet, if you remember,
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如果你还记得，在有英特网之前，
03:25
when we tried to create services,
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当我们尝试去创建一个服务项目，
03:27
what you would do is you'd create
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你所要做的是你首先得创建
03:28
the hardware layer and the
network layer and the software
network layer and the software
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一个硬件层面然后是网络层面和软件，
03:30
and it would cost millions of dollars
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这需要花费上百万美元
03:32
to do anything that was substantial.
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才能做到最基本的事情。
03:35
So when it costs millions of dollars
to do something substantial,
to do something substantial,
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那么当需要花费上百万美元
做那些基础的事情的时候，
做那些基础的事情的时候，
03:37
what you would do is you'd get an MBA
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你得有一名MBA，
03:39
who would write a plan
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他会写一个计划书，
03:40
and get the money
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然后从风投或者一个大公司
03:41
from V.C.s or big companies,
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获得资助。
03:43
and then you'd hire the designers and the engineers,
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然后你还要雇佣设计师和工程师，
03:45
and they'd build the thing.
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然后他们按照你的构想实现它。
03:46
This is the Before Internet, B.I., innovation model.
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这是在互联网出现之前，B.I, 的创新模式。
03:51
What happened after the Internet was
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在互联网出现之后发生的是
03:53
the cost of innovation went down so much
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创新所需的花费大幅度下降了，
03:55
because the cost of collaboration,
the cost of distribution,
the cost of distribution,
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因为合作的开销，推广的开销
03:57
the cost of communication, and Moore's Law
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交流的开销，和摩尔定律，
04:00
made it so that the cost of trying a new thing
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让尝试一样新东西的花费
04:03
became nearly zero,
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低至接近于零，
04:04
and so you would have Google, Facebook, Yahoo,
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你有谷歌，脸书，雅虎，
04:06
students that didn't have permission —
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没有许可证的学生——
04:08
permissionless innovation —
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不需要许可证来发明创新——
04:10
didn't have permission, didn't have PowerPoints,
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没有许可证，没有幻灯片，
04:11
they just built the thing,
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他们只是制作产品，
04:13
then they raised the money,
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然后他们筹集资金，
04:15
and then they sort of figured out a business plan
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再大略弄出一个销售计划，
04:17
and maybe later on they hired some MBAs.
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也许后来他们雇了商管博士。
04:19
So the Internet caused innovation,
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所以互联网引起了革新，
04:22
at least in software and services,
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至少在软件和服务上，
04:23
to go from an MBA-driven innovation model
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从商管博士驱动的创新模式，
04:26
to a designer-engineer-driven innovation model,
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到设计师－工程师驱动的创建模式，
04:30
and it pushed innovation to the edges,
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它把创新推进到了边缘，
04:32
to the dorm rooms, to the startups,
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到了宿舍，到了新企业，
04:33
away from the large institutions,
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远离了大型的研究机构，
04:35
the stodgy old institutions that had the power
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远离了强力，有钱和有权威
04:37
and the money and the authority.
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却老而蠢笨的研究所。
04:39
And we all know this. We all know
this happened on the Internet.
this happened on the Internet.
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我们都知道这一点。我们都知道这是在
互联网上发生的。
互联网上发生的。
04:42
It turns out it's happening in other things, too.
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实际上在其他事情上也是如此。
04:44
Let me give you some examples.
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让我给你们看一个例证。
04:48
So at the Media Lab, we don't just do hardware.
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在媒体实验室，我们不只是做硬件。
04:50
We do all kinds of things.
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我们做各种各样的事情。
04:51
We do biology, we do hardware,
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我们做生物学，我们也做硬件。
04:53
and Nicholas Negroponte
famously said, "Demo or die,"
famously said, "Demo or die,"
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尼克拉思.尼格罗庞特的名言是“或为演示，或是死亡”
04:57
as opposed to "Publish or perish,"
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反过来就是“发表或者腐烂，”
04:59
which was the traditional academic way of thinking.
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那是典型的传统学术想法
05:01
And he often said, the demo only has to work once,
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他常说，演示只需成功一次，
05:04
because the primary mode of us impacting the world
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因为我们原始的模式
05:07
was through large companies
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是通过汲取了我们
05:09
being inspired by us
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灵感的大公司从而影响了世界，
05:10
and creating products like
the Kindle or Lego Mindstorms.
the Kindle or Lego Mindstorms.
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并且创造了像电子阅读器或者乐高头脑风暴等。
05:14
But today, with the ability
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但今天，在一个有能力做到用如此低廉的费用
05:16
to deploy things into the real world at such low cost,
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让构想在现实中实现的世界，
05:18
I'm changing the motto now,
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我现在正在改变这个箴言，
05:20
and this is the official public statement.
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这是官方的公开的声明。
05:22
I'm officially saying, "Deploy or die."
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我正式宣告，”不上线，不如死“。
05:24
You have to get the stuff into the real world
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你得把东西弄进现实中，
05:27
for it to really count,
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因为这样才算数，
05:28
and sometimes it will be large companies,
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有时候是大公司，
05:30
and Nicholas can talk about satellites.
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和尼古拉思才能谈论卫星。
05:32
(Applause)
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（鼓掌）
05:33
Thank you.
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感谢你们。
05:34
But we should be getting out there ourselves
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但是我们应该让自己走出来，
05:36
and not depending on large
institutions to do it for us.
institutions to do it for us.
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不再依赖大公司为我们做事。
05:40
So last year, we sent a bunch
of students to Shenzhen,
of students to Shenzhen,
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于是，去年，我们送了一些学生到深圳，
05:42
and they sat on the factory floors
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他们坐在工厂的地板上
05:44
with the innovators in Shenzhen, and it was amazing.
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跟深圳的革新人员在一块儿，确实很令人惊异。
05:46
What was happening there
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在那里发生的是
05:48
was you would have these manufacturing devices,
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你有这些出自出产的设备，
05:50
and they weren't making prototypes or PowerPoints.
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他们并不做原型或者幻灯片演讲。
05:52
They were fiddling with the manufacturing equipment
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他们摆弄着出产设备，
05:55
and innovating right on the
manufacturing equipment.
manufacturing equipment.
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直接在设备上进行革新。
05:58
The factory was in the designer,
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工厂就在设计之中，
06:00
and the designer was literally in the factory.
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而设计师真的在工厂里。
06:02
And so what you would do is,
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那么你所要做的是，
06:04
you'd go down to the stalls
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你下楼到货摊上，
06:05
and you would see these cell phones.
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然后你会看到这些手机。
06:07
So instead of starting little websites
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而不是
像开帕罗.阿尔托的孩子们那样开启一个小小的网站
06:10
like the kids in Palo Alto do,
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06:11
the kids in Shenzhen make new cell phones.
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深圳的孩子做新手机。
06:14
They make new cell phones like kids in Palo Alto
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他们像在帕罗.阿尔托的孩子做
06:17
make websites,
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网页一样做新手机，
06:18
and so there's a rainforest
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所以，在手机行业
06:20
of innovation going on in the cell phone.
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有一种革新的热潮。
06:22
What they do is, they make a cell phone,
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他们所做的就是制造手机，
06:23
go down to the stall, they sell some,
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然后下楼到货摊上去卖，
06:25
they look at the other kids' stuff, go up,
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他们也看其它的孩子用品，然后上楼，
06:28
make a couple thousand more, go down.
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又多做几千个，然后再下楼去卖。
06:30
Doesn't this sound like a software thing?
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这听起来像是软件之类的事情吗？
06:32
It sounds like agile software development,
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这听起来像灵活的软件开发，
06:34
A/B testing and iteration,
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A/B测试和重复，
06:37
and what we thought you could only do with software
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我们认为只能在软件层面完成的事情，
06:39
kids in Shenzhen are doing this in hardware.
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深圳的孩子是在这种硬件上完成的。
06:41
My next fellow, I hope, is going to be
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我的下一个工作人员，我希望是
06:43
one of these innovators from Shenzhen.
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这些来自深圳的革新者之一。
06:44
And so what you see is
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那么你明白了
06:46
that is pushing innovation to the edges.
180
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是什么把革新推到了边缘。
06:48
We talk about 3D printers and stuff like that,
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我们谈论3D打印机之类的东西，
06:50
and that's great, but this is Limor.
182
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1991
那是极好的，但这是利莫尔。
06:52
She is one of our favorite graduates,
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2259
她是我们最喜欢的一个毕业生之一，
06:54
and she is standing in front of a Samsung
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她站在三星
06:56
Techwin Pick and Place Machine.
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泰克电子板拣选机和置放机的前沿,
06:58
This thing can put 23,000 components per hour
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3924
这东西能在每小时把23000个元件
07:02
onto an electronics board.
187
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放到电子板上。
07:04
This is a factory in a box.
188
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1823
这是一个盒子里的工厂。
07:06
So what used to take a factory full of workers
189
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我们过去所用的满是工人
07:08
working by hand
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1019
用手工作业的工厂，
07:09
in this little box in New York,
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都在这个小盒子里，在纽约，
07:11
she's able to have effectively —
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她能够很有效地－
07:12
She doesn't actually have to go to Shenzhen
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她不用去深圳
07:14
to do this manufacturing.
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就可以做这样产品。
07:15
She can buy this box and she can manufacture it.
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她能买下这个盒子然后就可以做出产品。
07:17
So manufacturing, the cost of innovation,
196
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2243
那么生产，革新的成本，
07:19
the cost of prototyping, distribution,
manufacturing, hardware,
manufacturing, hardware,
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样本制作的成本，配销，出产，硬件，
07:22
is getting so low
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都越来越低廉，
07:24
that innovation is being pushed to the edges
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以致于革新被推倒了边缘。
07:26
and students and startups are being able to build it.
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所以学生和新企业都能够建造。
07:28
This is a recent thing, but this will happen
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这是最近的事，但这将会发生，
07:30
and this will change
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1483
并且改变，
07:32
just like it did with software.
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就像我们在软件上的变革。
07:34
Sorona is a DuPont process
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梭罗那是杜邦公司的处理器，
07:37
that uses a genetically engineered microbe
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它利用一个遗传工程微生物
07:40
to turn corn sugar into polyester.
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把玉米的糖转分化成聚酯纤維。
07:44
It's 30 percent more efficient
than the fossil fuel method,
than the fossil fuel method,
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它比化石燃油法多了百分之三十的效率，
07:47
and it's much better for the environment.
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对环境好得多。
07:50
Genetic engineering and bioengineering
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基因工程和生物工程
07:52
are creating a whole bunch
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正在创造很多
07:53
of great new opportunities
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极其崭新的机会，
07:55
for chemistry, for computation, for memory.
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为化学，为计算，为记忆。
07:58
We will probably be doing a lot,
obviously doing health things,
obviously doing health things,
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2050
我们可能会做很多，显然
是利于健康的事情，
是利于健康的事情，
08:00
but we will probably be growing chairs
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2204
而且在不久的将来我们可能会种植出椅子，
08:02
and buildings soon.
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或是建筑。
08:03
The problem is, Sorona costs
about 400 million dollars
about 400 million dollars
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目前的问题是，梭罗那花费约
4亿美元，
4亿美元，
08:07
and took seven years to build.
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需要七年来建成。
08:09
It kind of reminds you of the old mainframe days.
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这某种程度上让你回忆起老主机的日子。
08:12
The thing is, the cost of innovation
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事实是，在生物工程学上革新的成本
08:14
in bioengineering is also going down.
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也降低了。
08:16
This is desktop gene sequencer.
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这是台型基因测序仪。
08:18
It used to cost millions and millions
of dollars to sequence genes.
of dollars to sequence genes.
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过去要花费几百万的成本
来测基因序列。
来测基因序列。
08:21
Now you can do it on a desktop like this,
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1744
而现在，你能在像这样的桌面仪器上做，
08:23
and kids can do this in dorm rooms.
224
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学生们可以在宿舍里做。
08:25
This is Gen9 gene assembler,
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2688
这是简9基因组合仪，
08:28
and so right now when you try to print a gene,
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2079
那么现在当你想要打印一个基因，
08:30
what you do is somebody in a factory
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1268
你要做的就是让工厂里的某个人
08:31
with pipettes puts the thing together by hand,
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1940
用手上的加样器吧东西加在一起，
08:33
you have one error per 100 base pairs,
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2351
每一百个基因组合就会有一个错误，
08:35
and it takes a long time and costs a lot of money.
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2576
并且花很长时间和很多钱。
08:38
This new device
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这个新的设备
08:39
assembles genes on a chip,
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在一个芯片上把基因组合一起
08:41
and instead of one error per 100 base pairs,
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比起每一百个碱基就有一个误读，
08:43
it's one error per 10,000 base pairs.
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2126
他能做到一万个碱基才有一个误读。
08:45
In this lab, we will have the world's capacity
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在这个实验室，我们有世界级的容量
08:48
of gene printing within a year,
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2103
在一年之内打印出基因，
08:50
200 million base pairs a year.
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2612
是2亿个碱基一年。
08:53
This is kind of like when we went
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2563
这有些像我们从
08:55
from transistor radios wrapped by hand
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2261
用手动包装晶体管
08:58
to the Pentium.
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1271
到奔腾处理器。
08:59
This is going to become the
Pentium of bioengineering,
Pentium of bioengineering,
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2396
这将是生物工程领域的飞跃，
09:01
pushing bioengineering into the hands
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2036
把生物工程推到
09:03
of dorm rooms and startup companies.
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2601
宿舍和新企业的手边。
09:06
So it's happening in software and in hardware
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所以这正发生在软件，硬件
09:09
and bioengineering,
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963
以及生物工程领域，
09:10
and so this is a fundamental new
way of thinking about innovation.
way of thinking about innovation.
246
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3281
所以这对创新来说是一个全新的思维方式。
09:13
It's a bottom-up innovation, it's democratic,
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2677
这是一个由下至上的变革，是全民性的，
09:16
it's chaotic, it's hard to control.
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2204
也是混乱，难以控制的。
09:18
It's not bad, but it's very different,
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这并不是不好，只是相对以往来说很不同，
09:20
and I think that the traditional rules that we have
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1967
我认为我们所沿用的研究机构的传统的规则
09:22
for institutions don't work anymore,
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已经不再合适了，
09:24
and most of us here
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1679
我们这儿的大多数人
09:26
operate with a different set of principles.
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3083
都本着不同的原则在运作。
09:29
One of my favorite principles is the power of pull,
254
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2836
而我最喜欢的一个原理是拉力，
09:32
which is the idea of pulling resources
255
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2291
是收取资源的理念。
09:34
from the network as you need them
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1766
当需要的时候从互联网上拿取，
09:36
rather than stocking them in the center
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1845
而不是把它们存储在一个地方
09:38
and controlling everything.
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1585
从而试图控制每一件事。
09:39
So in the case of the Safecast story,
259
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2764
那么在这个“安全广播”的案例里，
09:42
I didn't know anything when
the earthquake happened,
the earthquake happened,
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1842
在地震发生的时候我不知道任何事情，
09:44
but I was able to find Sean
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1628
但是我能找到塞恩，
09:45
who was the hackerspace community organizer,
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2196
他是黑客空间组织会的组织者，
09:48
and Peter, the analog hardware hacker
263
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1786
而彼得，类似硬件黑客，
09:49
who made our first Geiger counter,
264
577972
1716
他制作了我们第一个放射线探测仪，
09:51
and Dan, who built the Three Mile Island
265
579688
1998
而丹，是三哩岛的核泄漏事故监测系统的建造者，
09:53
monitoring system after the
Three Mile Island meltdown.
Three Mile Island meltdown.
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3334
这是在三哩岛融化以后的事。
09:57
And these people I wouldn't have been able to find
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2386
那些我之前不可能会找到的人，
09:59
beforehand and probably were better
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2434
我在最需要的时候在网上找到了他们，
10:01
that I found them just in time from the network.
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这时间点更好了。
10:04
I'm a three-time college dropout,
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1867
我三次从大学退学，
10:06
so learning over education
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所以依靠传统教育来学习
10:08
is very near and dear to my heart,
272
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1425
对我来说是近而远之的事情，
10:09
but to me, education is what people do to you
273
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2524
但对我来说，教育是别人给你的，
10:12
and learning is what you do to yourself.
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但学习是你自己所成的。
10:15
(Applause)
275
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3776
鼓掌
10:19
And it feels like, and I'm biased,
276
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这感觉好像，我可能有些偏见，
10:20
it feels like they're trying to make you memorize
277
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感觉好像他们想要在你出去玩儿之前
10:23
the whole encyclopedia before
they let you go out and play,
they let you go out and play,
278
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3114
让记住全部的百科全书，
10:26
and to me, I've got Wikipedia on my cell phone,
279
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4097
对我来说，我在手机上安装了维基百科，
10:30
and it feels like they assume
280
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1703
感觉他们好像在假设，
10:32
you're going to be on top of some mountain
281
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1787
你将要带着一只2号铅笔，全凭你自己
10:34
all by yourself with a number 2 pencil
282
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2461
达到某个山的顶峰，
10:36
trying to figure out what to do
283
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1383
努力弄清楚该做什么。
10:38
when in fact you're always going to be connected,
284
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2116
但事实上，你永远是和外界有联系的，
10:40
you're always going to have friends,
285
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1645
你永远有朋友，
10:42
and you can pull Wikipedia
up whenever you need it,
up whenever you need it,
286
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1959
而当你需要时，你随时可以借用维基百科，
10:44
and what you need to learn is how to learn.
287
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3448
你要学的是怎样学习。
10:47
In the case of Safecast, a bunch of amateurs
288
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2644
在平安广播的例子里，一群业余人事
10:50
when we started three years ago,
289
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1598
在三年前我们刚起步的时候，
10:51
I would argue that we probably as a group
290
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2508
我认为作为一个小组
10:54
know more than any other organization
291
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我们可能比任何其它的研究机构知道更多
10:56
about how to collect data and publish data
292
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有关数据搜集和发布的知识。
10:59
and do citizen science.
293
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2772
并且做公民的科学研究。
11:02
Compass over maps.
294
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1120
用指南针代替地图。
11:03
So this one, the idea is that the cost of writing a plan
295
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3725
那么这一个理念是，写计划书
11:07
or mapping something is getting so expensive
296
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3103
或者策划的花费什么变得如此昂贵
11:10
and it's not very accurate or useful.
297
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3173
却它不是很精确或实用。
11:13
So in the Safecast story, we
knew we needed to collect data,
knew we needed to collect data,
298
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3112
所以在平安广播的故事里，我们
知道我们需要搜集数据，
知道我们需要搜集数据，
11:16
we knew we wanted to publish the data,
299
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2423
我们知道我们想发表数据，
11:19
and instead of trying to come up with the exact plan,
300
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2889
与其做出一个详细的计划，
11:22
we first said, oh, let's get Geiger counters.
301
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2408
我们先说，啊，需要一个放射线探测仪。
11:24
Oh, they've run out.
302
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1766
哦，我们没有。
11:26
Let's build them. There aren't enough sensors.
303
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2003
那我们就做一个。没有足够的感知器。
11:28
Okay, then we can make a mobile Geiger counter.
304
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2227
行，我们就做一个移动的探测仪，
11:30
We can drive around. We can get volunteers.
305
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2047
我们开车四处转悠，我们寻找志愿者。
11:32
We don't have enough money. Let's Kickstarter it.
306
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1879
我们没有钱，就乱糟糟地开始吧。
11:34
We could not have planned this whole thing,
307
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1991
我们不能把所有的事情都计划好，
11:36
but by having a very strong compass,
308
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1744
但我们有着一个很坚定的指南，
11:38
we eventually got to where we were going,
309
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1435
我们最终达到了我们的目的地，
11:39
and to me it's very similar to
agile software development,
agile software development,
310
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2418
对我来说，这和灵活的软件的
开发相似，
开发相似，
11:42
but this idea of compasses is very important.
311
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3358
但这个”指南针“理论很重要。
11:45
So I think the good news is
312
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1941
于是我认为好消息是，
11:47
that even though the world is extremely complex,
313
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3501
即使世界是那么的复杂，
11:50
what you need to do is very simple.
314
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2382
而你所要做的却很简单。
11:53
I think it's about stopping this notion
315
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2698
我认为该停止这种概念，
11:56
that you need to plan everything,
316
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每一件事都需要事先计划好，
11:57
you need to stock everything,
317
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1092
你需要储备所有东西，
11:58
and you need to be so prepared,
318
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1470
你需要做好充足的准备，
12:00
and focus on being connected,
319
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2994
并把精力放在建立联系上面，
12:03
always learning,
320
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1851
总是学习，
12:04
fully aware,
321
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1861
充分地自知，
12:06
and super present.
322
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1780
关注当下。
12:08
So I don't like the word "futurist."
323
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2946
那么我们不喜欢“未来主义者”这个词，
12:11
I think we should be now-ists,
324
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5615
我认为我们应该是现在学家，
12:17
like we are right now.
325
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就像现在。
12:19
Thank you.
326
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谢谢你们
12:21
(Applause)
327
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3979
（鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joi Ito - Relentless mindJoi Ito is the director of the MIT Media Lab.
Why you should listen
Joichi "Joi" Ito is one of those names threaded through the history of the Internet. From his days kickstarting Internet culture in Japan at Digital Garage, his restless curiosity led him to be an early-stage investor in Twitter, Six Apart, Wikia, Flickr, Last.fm, Kickstarter and other Internet companies, and to serve on countless boards and advisory committees around digital culture and Internet freedom.
He leads the legendary MIT Media Lab as it heads toward its third decade, and is working on a book with Jeff Howe about nine principles for navigating whatever the changing culture throws at us next. As he told Wired, "The amount of money and the amount of permission that you need to create an idea has decreased dramatically." So: aim for resilience, not strength; seek risk, not safety. The book is meant to be a compass for a world without maps.
Joi Ito | Speaker | TED.com