TEDWomen 2015
Jimmy Carter: Why I believe the mistreatment of women is the number one human rights abuse
吉米·卡特: 为什么我认为不平等对待女性是最严重的人权侵犯
Filmed:
Readability: 4.4
1,642,741 views
以他一向的坚决作风，美国前总统吉米·卡特给出了3个出乎人意料的原因来阐述为什么对于反对不平等对待对待女性（女人与女孩）的维权活动依然在各个发达与发展中国家里那样盛行。而他得到的结论是：“一般来讲，男性并不在乎这些。“
Jimmy Carter - Peace activist
The president of the United States from 1977 to 1981, Jimmy Carter has used his post-presidency years to work for peace, teach, write and engage in global activism. Full bio
The president of the United States from 1977 to 1981, Jimmy Carter has used his post-presidency years to work for peace, teach, write and engage in global activism. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
As a matter of fact,
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其实说起来吧，
00:14
I was trying to think about my career
since I left the White House,
since I left the White House,
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自从离开白宫之后我就一直在回忆自己的职业生涯，
而我所能想到最有代表性的一个例子便是我几年前在纽约客上看到的一则漫画。
00:17
and the best example I have is a cartoon
in The New Yorker a couple of years ago.
in The New Yorker a couple of years ago.
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00:21
This little boy is looking up
at his father,
at his father,
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有小男孩抬头看着他的爸爸，
00:23
and he says, "Daddy, when I grow up,
I want to be a former president."
I want to be a former president."
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然后说道：“爸爸，等我长大了，我想成为一位前总统。”
（笑声）
00:27
(Laughter)
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好吧，作为一个前总统，我很有福气，
00:29
Well, I have had a great blessing
as a former president,
as a former president,
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00:33
because I have had an access
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因为我有些资源
00:35
that very few other people
in the world have ever had
in the world have ever had
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一些很少有人可以得到的资源
00:38
to get to know so many people
around this whole universe.
around this whole universe.
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它让我有机会去认识这个宇宙中很多形形色色的人们。
00:41
Not only am I familiar
with the 50 states in the United States,
with the 50 states in the United States,
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我不仅仅只对美利坚合众国的50个州了如指掌，
00:45
but also my wife and I have visited
more than 145 countries in the world,
more than 145 countries in the world,
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我和我的妻子还游历过世界上超过145个国家和地区，
00:50
and the Carter Center has had full-time
programs in 80 nations on Earth.
programs in 80 nations on Earth.
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并且卡特中心在全球近80个国家都设立了自己的全职机构与项目。
00:54
And a lot of times,
when we go into a country,
when we go into a country,
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很多时候，当我们拜访一个国家的时候，
00:56
we not only the meet
the king or the president,
the king or the president,
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我们不光会见到那个国家的国王或者总统，
00:59
but we also meet the villagers who live
in the most remote areas of Africa.
in the most remote areas of Africa.
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我们也会见到那些生活在一些非洲国家最为偏远地区的村民们。
01:03
So our overall commitment
at the Carter Center
at the Carter Center
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所以总体来说卡特中心的宗旨
01:06
is to promote human rights,
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就是去促进人权平等，
01:08
and knowing the world as I do,
I can tell you without any equivocation
I can tell you without any equivocation
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而根据我对于这个世界的了解，我可以毫不犹豫地告诉你
01:13
that the number one abuse
of human rights on Earth
of human rights on Earth
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这个地球上人权最不受保护的群体
01:17
is, strangely, not addressed quite often,
is the abuse of women and girls.
is the abuse of women and girls.
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虽然很多人不曾在意，恰恰就是那些妇女和少女们。
01:23
(Applause)
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（掌声）
01:26
There are a couple of reasons for this
that I'll mention to begin with.
that I'll mention to begin with.
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那我就先说说导致这一现象的几个主要原因吧。
01:31
First of all is the misinterpretation
of religious scriptures, holy scriptures,
of religious scriptures, holy scriptures,
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首先便是人们对于宗教经文的误解，那些神圣的经典，
01:37
in the Bible, Old Testament,
New Testament, Quran and so forth,
New Testament, Quran and so forth,
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如圣经，旧约，新约，古兰经等等，
01:40
and these have been misinterpreted by men
who are now in the ascendant positions
who are now in the ascendant positions
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这些经典被当今占据着主导地位的男性们曲解
01:48
in the synagogues and the churches
and in the mosques.
and in the mosques.
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无论这些误解是发生在犹太教堂，天主教堂亦或是清真寺中。
01:50
And they interpret these rules
to make sure that women
to make sure that women
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他们诠释这些教条以确保女性们
01:54
are ordinarily relegated
to a secondary position
to a secondary position
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会被降到一个二等的社会地位上
01:58
compared to men in the eyes of God.
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至少在上帝眼中与男性比起来是这样的。
02:02
This is a very serious problem.
It's ordinarily not addressed.
It's ordinarily not addressed.
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这是一个很严肃的问题。可是这个问题却没有得到应有的重视。
02:06
A number of years ago, in the year 2000,
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几年前，应该是2000年的时候，
02:08
I had been a Baptist,
a Southern Baptist for 70 years --
a Southern Baptist for 70 years --
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我已经做了70年的浸礼会教友，一个南方浸礼会教友——
02:12
I tell you, I still teach
Sunday school every Sunday;
Sunday school every Sunday;
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我这么和你说吧，我到现在每周日还会去主日学校教书；
02:14
I'll be teaching this Sunday as well --
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我这周日也会去教——
02:16
but the Southern Baptist Convention
in the year 2000 decided
in the year 2000 decided
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但是南方浸礼会委员会于2000年决定
02:21
that women should play
a secondary position,
a secondary position,
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女性只能诠释一个二等的角色与地位，
02:23
a subservient position to men.
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一个顺从于男性的角色。
02:25
So they issued an edict, in effect,
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所以他们出台并生效了一条法令，
02:28
that prevents women from being priests,
pastors, deacons in the church,
pastors, deacons in the church,
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阻止女性在天主教堂中成为祭司，牧师和辅祭，
02:34
or chaplains in the military,
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或在军队中成为行军牧师，
02:36
and if a woman teaches a classroom
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并且就算一位女性要为一个班级提供教育
02:39
in a Southern Baptist seminary,
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那么在一个南方浸礼会神学院中
02:42
they cannot teach if a boy is in the room,
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只要班里有男生那么这位女性就不能担任这个班的教师，
02:45
because you can find verses in the Bible,
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因为在圣经中找到相关的教条，
02:47
there's over 30,000 verses in the Bible,
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在圣经中有超过30，000行的经文，
02:50
that say that a woman shouldn't
teach a man, and so forth.
teach a man, and so forth.
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告诫人们一个女人是不可以教育一个男人的，等等等等。
02:53
But the basic thing is the scriptures
are misinterpreted
are misinterpreted
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但是这些经文都被曲解了
02:56
to keep men in an ascendant position.
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仅仅只是为了保证男性可以占据主导地位。
02:58
That is an all-pervasive problem,
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这是一个随处可见的问题，
03:00
because men can exert that power
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因为男性可以行使这种权利
03:05
and if an abusive husband or an employer,
for instance, wants to cheat women,
for instance, wants to cheat women,
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比如说，如果一个滥用这种权利的丈夫或者男性雇主，想要欺骗一个女人，
03:11
they can say that if women
are not equal in the eyes of God,
are not equal in the eyes of God,
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他们可以说如果在上帝眼中男女本是不平等的，
03:15
why should I treat them as equals myself?
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那我们又为什么要平等地对待女性呢？
03:17
Why should I pay them equal pay
for doing the same kind of work?
for doing the same kind of work?
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就算她们和我们做着一样的工作我又为什么要付一样的薪水？
03:22
The other very serious blight
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另一个十分严肃的困境
03:24
that causes this problem
is the excessive resort to violence,
is the excessive resort to violence,
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便是过渡诉诸于暴力所导致的问题，
03:28
and that is increasing
tremendously around the world.
tremendously around the world.
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而这个问题在全世界正以惊人的速度的增长。
03:32
In the United States of America,
for instance, we have had
for instance, we have had
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以美利坚合众国为例，我们看到了
03:35
an enormous increase
in abuse of poor people,
in abuse of poor people,
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对于那些穷人不断加剧的虐待，
03:39
mostly black people and minorities,
by putting them in prison.
by putting them in prison.
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比如把大量的黑人和其他少数群体关进监狱。
03:45
When I was in office
as governor of Georgia,
as governor of Georgia,
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当我还在乔治亚州政厅里担任州长一职时，
03:47
one out of every 1,000 Americans
were in prison.
were in prison.
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每1，000个美国公民中就有一个被关在监狱里。
03:51
Nowadays, 7.3 people
per 1,000 are in prison.
per 1,000 are in prison.
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如今，每1，000人中就有7.3人被关在监狱里。
03:56
That's a sevenfold increase.
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这个数据增长了7倍多。
03:58
And since I left the White House,
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并且自从我离开白宫，
03:59
there's been an 800 percent increase
in the number of women
in the number of women
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那些被关在监狱里的黑人女性的数量，
04:03
who are black who are in prison.
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增长了百分之800.
04:05
We also have
[one of the only countries] on Earth
[one of the only countries] on Earth
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而在地球上为数不多的几个国家还保有死刑，
04:08
that still has the death penalty
that is a developed country.
that is a developed country.
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作为发达国家的美国也是其中之一。
04:12
And we rank right alongside
the countries that are most abusive
the countries that are most abusive
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我们因为鼓励死刑
04:15
in all elements of human rights
in encouraging the death penalty.
in encouraging the death penalty.
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所以经常与最肆意践踏人权的国家被一并提起
04:19
We're in California now,
and I figured out the other day
and I figured out the other day
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我们现在身在加州，而我前几天刚刚发现，
04:22
that California has spent
four billion dollars
four billion dollars
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加州花了四十亿美元
04:25
in convicting 13 people
for the death penalty.
for the death penalty.
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来判决13个死刑犯。
04:29
If you add that up, that's 307 million
dollars it costs California
dollars it costs California
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如果你自己算一下，那么加州政府平均花了3亿7百万美元
04:34
to send a person to be executed.
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来处决一个人。
内布拉斯加本周刚刚通过了死刑废除法案，
04:37
Nebraska this week just passed a law
abolishing the death penalty,
abolishing the death penalty,
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04:41
because it costs so much. (Applause)
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因为这实在是花销太大了。（掌声）
所以诉诸于对那些贫穷无助的人的虐待与暴力行为
04:46
So the resort to violence and abuse
of poor people and helpless people
of poor people and helpless people
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04:51
is another cause of the increase
in abuse of women.
in abuse of women.
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是导致更多女性受到虐待另一个原因。
04:55
Let me just go down a very few
abuses of women that concern me most,
abuses of women that concern me most,
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让我就来举几个最让我担忧的女性受到虐待的案例吧，
04:59
and I'll be fairly brief, because I have
a limited amount of time, as you know.
a limited amount of time, as you know.
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当然我会尽可能简短一些，正如你所知，时间有限。
05:03
One is genital mutilation.
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首先便是生殖器切割。
05:08
Genital mutilation is horrible
and not known by American women,
and not known by American women,
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生殖器切割很恐怖，尽管美国女性们可能对之并不了解，
05:12
but in some countries, many countries,
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但是在很多别的国家，
05:16
when a child is born that's a girl,
very soon in her life,
very soon in her life,
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当一个新生儿被确定为女性之后，
05:20
her genitals are completely cut away
by a so-called cutter
by a so-called cutter
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很快就会出现一个所谓的切割者把她的生殖器割下来
05:27
who has a razor blade and,
in a non-sterilized way,
in a non-sterilized way,
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而且就是用一把剃刀在一个很不卫生的环境下进行手术,
05:31
they remove the exterior parts
of a woman's genitalia.
of a woman's genitalia.
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他们以此切除了女性生殖器的外阴部分。
05:35
And sometimes, in more extreme cases
but not very rare cases,
but not very rare cases,
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而且有时候，在更加极端但却不是很少见的情况下，
05:39
they sew the orifice up so the girl
can just urinate or menstruate.
can just urinate or menstruate.
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他们会把女孩的阴道口缝起来以致于她只能排尿与排经。
05:43
And then later, when she gets married,
the same cutter goes in
the same cutter goes in
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当那个女孩结婚以后，那个切割者又会回来
05:46
and opens the orifice up
so she can have sex.
so she can have sex.
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把那个口重新打开她才可以有正常的性行为。
05:49
This is not a rare thing, although
it's against the law in most countries.
it's against the law in most countries.
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尽管这样的行为在很多国家都是违法的，但是它并不是偶发事件
05:53
In Egypt, for instance,
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比如说，在埃及，
05:55
91 percent of all the females
that live in Egypt today
that live in Egypt today
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如今在埃及 91%的女性
05:59
have been sexually mutilated in that way.
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都曾以这种方式切割过生殖器。
06:01
In some countries,
it's more than 98 percent
it's more than 98 percent
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在一些国家，有超过98％的
06:04
of the women are cut that way
before they reach maturity.
before they reach maturity.
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女性在她们性成熟之前被这样切割过。
06:09
This is a horrible affliction
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这对于生活在那些国家的所有女性来说
06:11
on all women that live in those countries.
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是一种痛苦的折磨。
06:15
Another very serious thing
is honor killings,
is honor killings,
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另外一件非常严肃的事便是所谓的名誉屠杀，
06:19
where a family with misinterpretation,
again, of a holy scripture --
again, of a holy scripture --
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这其实也是一个家庭，对于那些宗教经典的又一次误读——
06:22
there's nothing in the Quran
that mandates this --
that mandates this --
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古兰经里没有任何一条规定——
06:25
will execute a girl in their family
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一个女孩可以在自己的家里被处决
06:29
if she is raped
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假如她被强暴
06:31
or if she marries a man
that her father does not approve,
that her father does not approve,
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或者她和一个她父亲不认可的男人结婚，
06:35
or sometimes even if she
wears inappropriate clothing.
wears inappropriate clothing.
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或者有时候仅仅只是因为她着装不得体。
06:38
And this is done by members
of her own family,
of her own family,
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而这些杀戮都是由她的亲人来完成，
06:41
so the family becomes murderers
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当这个女孩做了所谓的给她家庭抹黑的行为的时候
06:43
when the girl brings
so-called disgrace to the family.
so-called disgrace to the family.
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她的家人便会结束她的生命。
06:47
An analysis was done in Egypt
not so long ago by the United Nations
not so long ago by the United Nations
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不久前联合国在埃及地区做了一个分析调查
06:51
and it showed that 75 percent
of these murders of a girl
of these murders of a girl
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报告表明这些被谋杀的女孩有75%
06:55
are perpetrated by the father,
the uncle or the brother,
the uncle or the brother,
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是被她们的父亲，叔叔或者兄弟杀害的，
07:00
but 25 percent of the murders
are conducted by women.
are conducted by women.
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而另外25%的谋杀则是别的女性动手的。
07:04
Another problem that we have in the world
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我们如今所处的世界的另一个问题
07:05
that relates to women
particularly is slavery,
particularly is slavery,
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特别是和女性有关的便是奴隶制，
07:08
or human trafficking it's called nowadays.
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或者用现在的术语来讲就是所谓的人口贩卖。
07:11
There were about 12.5 million people
sold from Africa into slavery
sold from Africa into slavery
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在所谓新世界的18到19世纪之间。
07:15
in the New World back in
the 19th century and the 18th century.
the 19th century and the 18th century.
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非洲输出了1250万的奴隶
07:19
There are 30 million people
now living in slavery.
now living in slavery.
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现在全球有3000万人生活在奴隶制中。
07:23
The United States Department of State
now has a mandate from Congress
now has a mandate from Congress
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现在美国国务院已经得到了国会的授权
07:29
to give a report every year,
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将会每年发布报告，
07:31
and the State Department reports
that 800,000 people are sold
that 800,000 people are sold
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而国务院如今的报告称每年有80，000人
07:36
across international borders
every year into slavery,
every year into slavery,
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被卖过国境 成为奴隶
07:39
and that 80 percent
of those sold are women,
of those sold are women,
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而这之中有80%是女性，
07:42
into sexual slavery.
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最终沦落为性奴。
07:44
In the United States right this moment,
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此时此刻的美国，
07:47
60,000 people are living
in human bondage, or slavery.
in human bondage, or slavery.
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有60，000人是被枷锁束缚或者是以奴隶的身份存活的。
07:51
Atlanta, Georgia, where
the Carter Center is located
the Carter Center is located
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在亚特兰大，乔治亚那些卡特中心办事处的所在地
07:54
and where I teach at Emory University,
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以及我曾经教过书的埃默里大学地区，
07:56
they have between 200 and 300 women,
people sold into slavery every month.
people sold into slavery every month.
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每个月有200到300名女性被当作奴隶买卖。
08:02
It's the number one place
in the nation because of that.
in the nation because of that.
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因此这些地方（奴隶数）也是在全国排名第一的。
08:05
Atlanta has the busiest
airport in the world,
airport in the world,
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亚特兰大有世界上最繁忙的机场。
08:07
and they also have a lot of passengers
that come from the Southern Hemisphere.
that come from the Southern Hemisphere.
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这些机场会接待很多从南半球飞来此地的旅客。
08:13
If a brothel owner
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如果一个妓院老板
08:15
wants to buy a girl
that has brown or black skin,
that has brown or black skin,
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想要买入一个棕色或者黑色皮肤的女孩，
08:18
they can do it for 1,000 dollars.
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他们只需花去1，000美元。
08:21
A white-skinned girl brings
several times more than that,
several times more than that,
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一个白人女孩可能值这个价钱的几倍，
08:25
and the average brothel owner in Atlanta
and in the United States now
and in the United States now
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而平均下来一个在亚特兰大或者说在美国任意地点的妓院老板
08:29
can earn about $35,000 per slave.
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可以从每个奴隶身上榨取35，000美元的利益。
08:33
The sex trade in Atlanta, Georgia, exceeds
the total drug trade in Atlanta, Georgia.
the total drug trade in Atlanta, Georgia.
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在亚特兰大，乔治亚州，性交易已经超过了这两个州的毒品交易总额
08:38
So this is another very serious problem,
and the basic problem is prostitution,
and the basic problem is prostitution,
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所以这又是一个很严重的问题，而这之中最基本的问题便是卖淫，
08:43
because there's not
a whorehouse in America
a whorehouse in America
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因为在美国没有一个妓院
08:47
that's not known by the local officials,
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是不被当地的官员，
08:49
the local policemen, or the chief
of police or the mayor and so forth.
of police or the mayor and so forth.
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当地的警员，警官或者是市长等人所熟知的。
08:53
And this leads to one
of the worst problems,
of the worst problems,
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这便带来了最严重的问题之一，
08:56
and that is that women are bought
increasingly and put into sexual slavery
increasingly and put into sexual slavery
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越来越多的女性被买卖成为性奴
09:00
in all countries in the world.
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而这在全世界的各个国家都有发生。
09:02
Sweden has got a good approach to it.
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瑞典对此便有一个很好的对策。
09:05
About 15 to 20 years ago, Sweden
decided to change the law,
decided to change the law,
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15到20年前，瑞典人决定修改法律条例，
09:08
and women are no longer prosecuted
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以性奴的身份被逼卖淫的女性将不会被起诉
09:11
if they are in sexual slavery,
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2784
而那些妓院的拥有者和拉皮条的以及男性顾客则将被起诉，
09:14
but the brothel owners and the pimps
and the male customers are prosecuted,
and the male customers are prosecuted,
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09:19
and -- (Applause) --
prostitution has gone down.
prostitution has gone down.
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并且——（掌声）——卖淫的犯罪率因此下降了。
09:24
In the United States, we take
just the opposite position.
just the opposite position.
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然而在美国我们却站在了完全相反的立场。
09:27
For every male arrested
for illegal sex trade,
for illegal sex trade,
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当一位男性因为非法性交易而被捕的同时，
09:33
25 women are arrested
in the United States of America.
in the United States of America.
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在美国就有25名女性因卖淫被捕。
09:39
Canada, Ireland, I've already said Sweden,
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加拿大，爱尔兰，还有我刚刚说过的瑞典，
09:43
France, and other countries are moving now
towards this so-called Swedish model.
towards this so-called Swedish model.
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法国以及很多其他的国家正在逐步向所谓的“瑞典方案”靠拢。
09:47
That's another thing that can be done.
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这是另一件人们可以做的事。
09:49
We have two great institutions
in this country that all of us admire:
in this country that all of us admire:
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在这个国家我们有两个使我们自豪的机构：
09:52
our military and our great
university system.
university system.
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我们的军队和我们完善的大学系统。
09:56
In the military, they are now analyzing
how many sexual assaults take place.
how many sexual assaults take place.
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有人正在纪录分析在军队里性侵发生的数量。
10:00
The last report I got,
there were 26,000 sexual assaults
there were 26,000 sexual assaults
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我上次接到的报告称，总共有26，000起性侵
10:05
that took place in the military --
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2345
在军队里发生——
10:07
26,000.
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1636
26，000起。
10:09
Only 3,000, not much more than 1 percent,
are actually prosecuted,
are actually prosecuted,
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只有3，000起，不超过总数的1%，最终是被起诉的，
10:14
and the reason is that the commanding
officer of any organization --
officer of any organization --
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这是因为任何一个组织的领导官兵，
10:18
a ship like my submarine,
or a battalion in the Army
or a battalion in the Army
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4252
如以我的名字命名的潜水艇或者陆军中的一个营
10:22
or a company in the Marines --
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2136
或者海军陆战队中的一个排——
10:24
the commanding officer
has the right under law to decide
has the right under law to decide
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4125
指挥官兵在法律上来说有权力决定
10:29
whether to prosecute a rapist or not,
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2585
要不要起诉一个强奸犯，
10:31
and of course, the last thing they want
is for anybody to know
is for anybody to know
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3181
而他们当然最不想让别人知道的事
10:34
that under their command,
sexual assaults are taking place,
sexual assaults are taking place,
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3437
便是在他们的领导下有强奸案发生，
10:38
so they do not do it.
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1904
所以他们决定不起诉强奸犯。
10:40
That law needs to be changed.
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2542
这样的法律需要改变。
每四个入读美国大学的女孩中就有一个
10:43
About one out of four girls
who enter American universities
who enter American universities
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3192
10:46
will be sexually assaulted
before she graduates,
before she graduates,
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2787
在她毕业之前会遭受性侵犯，
10:49
and this is now getting
a lot of publicity,
a lot of publicity,
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2286
这一现象如今得到了公众越来越多的关注，
10:51
partially because of my book,
but other things,
but other things,
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一部分原因是我的书，但也有别的原因，
10:53
and so 89 universities in America
are now condemned
are now condemned
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美国境内现在有89所大学
正被教育部以教育修正案第九条法规谴责
10:58
by the Department of Education
under Title IX
under Title IX
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2685
11:00
because the officials of the universities
are not taking care of the women
are not taking care of the women
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4713
因为这些大学的官员没有照顾好那些女性
11:05
to protect them from sexual assault.
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1951
使她们远离性侵犯。
11:07
The Department of Justice says
that more than half of the rapes
that more than half of the rapes
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3668
司法部称超过一半的校园强奸案
11:11
on a college campus
take place by serial rapists,
take place by serial rapists,
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3483
是由连环强奸犯实施的，
11:14
because outside of the university system,
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2578
因为在大学的系统以外，
11:17
if they rape somebody,
they'll be prosecuted,
they'll be prosecuted,
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3018
如果他们强奸某人，他们便会被起诉，
11:20
but when they get on a university campus,
they can rape with impunity.
they can rape with impunity.
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4028
然而当他们在大学校园里犯案时，他们可以被免罪。
11:24
They're not prosecuted.
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2043
他们不会被起诉。
11:26
Those are the kinds of things
that go on in our society.
that go on in our society.
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3344
这就是我们的社会中正在发生的事。
11:29
Another thing that's very serious
about the abuse of women and girls
about the abuse of women and girls
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5572
另外一件有关对于侵犯女性（与女孩）权益的事情
11:35
is the lack of equal pay for equal work,
194
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4993
便是她们努力完成一样的工作量却不能得到一样的薪水，
11:40
as you know. (Applause)
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2089
就像你知道的那样。（掌声）
11:42
And this is sometimes misinterpreted,
but for full-time employment,
but for full-time employment,
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6837
有时这一现象会被误读，但是对于全职工作者来说，
在美国一名女性比一名男性要少获得23%的薪水。
11:49
a woman in the United States now
gets 23 percent less than a man.
gets 23 percent less than a man.
197
697133
3347
11:52
When I became president,
the difference was 39 percent.
the difference was 39 percent.
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2889
当我成为总统时，这一差别为39%。
11:55
So we've made some progress,
partially because I was president
partially because I was president
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所以我们有一些进步，部分原因是我当时任职总统
11:59
and so forth -- (Applause) (Laughter) --
200
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5914
以及其他种种——（掌声）（笑声）——
12:05
but in the last 15 years,
there's been no progress made,
there's been no progress made,
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3408
但是在过去的15年里，我们没有任何进步，
12:08
so it's been just about 23
or 24 percent difference
or 24 percent difference
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2856
在过去的15年里，
12:11
for the last 15 years.
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719424
2275
这一差别一直停留在23%与24%之间。
12:13
These are the kind of things that go on.
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1928
这一类的事情还有很多。
如果你去看一下世界500强企业，
12:15
If you take the Fortune 500 companies,
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3083
12:18
23 of them have women CEOs,
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726710
3139
只有23家公司的首席执行官是女性，
12:21
out of 500,
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729849
1811
在500家之中，
而这些女性首席执行官，
12:23
and those CEOs, I need not tell you,
208
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3135
12:26
make less on an average
209
734795
1997
平均赚得还是
比男性首席执行官要少。
12:28
than the other CEOs.
210
736792
3118
12:31
Well, that's what goes on in our country.
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2478
尽管无奈，这就是在我们国家发生的事。
美国的另外一个问题便是
12:34
Another problem with the United States
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2484
12:36
is we are the most warlike
nation on Earth.
nation on Earth.
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3692
我们是这个地球上最好战的国家。
12:40
We have been to war
with about 25 different countries
with about 25 different countries
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4226
我们从第二次世界大战后
又陆续与25个不同的国家交战过。
12:44
since the Second World War.
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2461
12:47
Sometimes, we've had soldiers
on the ground fighting.
on the ground fighting.
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2531
有时，我们派出陆地部队在地面上作战。
12:49
The other times,
we've been flying overhead
we've been flying overhead
217
757782
2020
别的时候，我们则在天上飞来飞去
在人们上方扔下炸弹.
12:51
dropping bombs on people.
218
759802
1973
当然了，现在我们有了无人机来攻击敌军以及其他的军事手段。
12:53
Other times, of course, now, we have
drones that attack people and so forth.
drones that attack people and so forth.
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761775
3762
我们自从第二次世界大战后
12:57
We've been at war
with 25 different countries
with 25 different countries
220
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2673
与超过25个不同的国家地区交战。
13:00
or more since the Second World War.
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2783
不过这中间有四年，我就不说是哪四年了，
13:02
There was four years,
I won't say which ones,
I won't say which ones,
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2377
我们没有和（他国交战）——
13:05
where we didn't --
223
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1594
13:06
(Applause) -- we didn't drop a bomb,
we didn't launch a missile,
we didn't launch a missile,
224
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5758
（掌声）——我们没有丢下一个炸弹，我们没有发射一枚导弹，
13:12
we didn't fire a bullet.
225
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1742
我们没有射出一颗子弹。
不过不管怎么说，这些事情，诉诸于暴力的手段
13:14
But anyway, those kinds of things,
the resort to violence
the resort to violence
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4396
以及那些对于圣经典故的曲解
13:18
and the misinterpretation
of the holy scriptures
of the holy scriptures
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2616
13:21
are what causes, are the basic causes,
of abuse of women and girls.
of abuse of women and girls.
228
789476
5294
是导致，而且是从根本上导致对于女性（和女孩）的人权侵犯的原因。
13:26
There's one more basic cause
that I need not mention,
that I need not mention,
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3599
还有另外一个更加根本的原因我甚至都不需要说了，
13:30
and that is that in general,
men don't give a damn.
men don't give a damn.
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5341
那就是总体上来说，男人们根本不在乎这些。
13:35
(Applause)
That's true.
That's true.
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3041
（掌声）这是事实。
一个男人平时可能会说，我反对侵犯女性权益
13:38
The average man that might say,
I'm against the abuse of women and girls
I'm against the abuse of women and girls
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806751
5026
却与此同时悄悄地享受着我们（男人）享有着的特权，
13:43
quietly accepts the privileged
position that we occupy,
position that we occupy,
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4353
而这和我小时候的认知十分相像，
13:48
and this is very similar
to what I knew when I was a child,
to what I knew when I was a child,
234
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3440
当“隔离但平等”还存在着。
13:51
when separate but equal had existed.
235
819570
2227
种族歧视，合法地，存在过100年，
13:53
Racial discrimination, legally,
had existed for 100 years,
had existed for 100 years,
236
821797
5643
从1865年，南北战争---也就是内战结束的时候，
13:59
from 1865 at the end of the War
Between the States, the Civil War,
Between the States, the Civil War,
237
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3133
14:02
all the way up to the 1960s,
238
830573
2844
一直到1960年代，
当Lyndon Johnson通过了法案
14:05
when Lyndon Johnson got the bills passed
239
833417
2717
授权了平等权利。
14:08
for equal rights.
240
836134
1973
然而在那段时间，有许多白人公民
14:10
But during that time,
there were many white people
there were many white people
241
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2740
14:12
that didn't think that
racial discrimination was okay,
racial discrimination was okay,
242
840847
3367
他们并不认可种族歧视，
14:16
but they stayed quiet,
243
844214
2159
但是他们却保持了沉默，
14:18
because they enjoyed the privileges
of better jobs,
of better jobs,
244
846373
5134
因为他们享受着能够拥有一份更好的工作的特权，
14:23
unique access to jury duty,
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851507
3411
更容易得到参与陪审团的渠道，
更好的学校，以及其他种种，
14:26
better schools, and everything else,
246
854918
2251
14:29
and that's the same thing
that exists today,
that exists today,
247
857169
2161
而一模一样的情况也在当今社会发生，
因为一个平常的男人真的不关心。
14:31
because the average man
really doesn't care.
really doesn't care.
248
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3645
即使他们会说，“我反对歧视女性，”
14:34
Even though they say, "I'm against
discrimination against girls and women,"
discrimination against girls and women,"
249
862975
6345
14:41
they enjoy a privileged position.
250
869320
3450
他们喜欢拥有特权的感觉。
因为非常困难的一件事便是让大部分的男人
14:44
And it's very difficult to get
the majority of men
the majority of men
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2372
14:47
who control the university system,
252
875142
3046
那些掌管着整个大学系统的人们，
大部分的掌管着军队系统的男人们，
14:50
the majority of men that control
the military system,
the military system,
253
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2664
大部分掌管着世界各地政府机关的男人们，
14:52
the majority of men that control
the governments of the world,
the governments of the world,
254
880852
3498
14:56
and the majority of men that control
the great religions.
the great religions.
255
884350
5234
以及大部分控制着伟大的宗教信仰的男人们。
15:01
So what is the basic thing
that we need to do today?
that we need to do today?
256
889584
3413
那么我们现如今要做的最基本的事是什么？
15:04
I would say the best thing
that we could do today
that we could do today
257
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2531
我认为我们现如今所能做的最好的事
15:07
is for the women in the powerful nations
258
895528
4312
就是让那些强大国家里的女性们
15:11
like this one, and where you come from,
259
899840
2723
比如美国，你们大部分人的祖国，
15:14
Europe and so forth, who have influence
and who have freedom to speak and to act,
and who have freedom to speak and to act,
260
902563
4969
以及那些欧洲国家里，那些有影响力的，有自由去发表意见和采取行动的女性，
15:19
need to take the responsibility
on yourselves
on yourselves
261
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5026
去承担起她们的责任
去变得更加的坚决与强硬
15:24
to be more forceful in demanding
262
912558
3065
来终止对于女孩与女人的歧视
15:27
an end to racial discrimination
against girls and women
against girls and women
263
915623
4642
15:32
all over the world.
264
920265
1361
在全世界范围内实现这一点。
一位生活在埃及的女性
15:33
The average woman in Egypt
265
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2901
对于她的女儿的生殖器被切割等事
15:36
doesn't have much to say
about her daughters
about her daughters
266
924527
2166
15:38
getting genitally mutilated and so forth.
267
926693
3408
没有太多的话语权。
我就不需要再去展开具体细节了。
15:42
I didn't even go down
to detail about that.
to detail about that.
268
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2074
但是我希望在这次研讨会后，
15:44
But I hope that out of this conference,
269
932175
2059
15:46
that every woman here
will get your husbands to realize
will get your husbands to realize
270
934234
4514
这里的每一位女性都可以让你们的丈夫意识到
那些在大学校园里和在军队中发生的虐待
15:50
that these abuses on the college campuses
and the military and so forth
and the military and so forth
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以及在未来的求职市场，
15:54
and in the future job market,
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你们应该有所行动来保护你们的女儿们和孙女们的权益。
15:57
need to protect your daughters
and your granddaughters.
and your granddaughters.
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16:01
I have 12 grandchildren,
four children, and 10 great-grandchildren,
four children, and 10 great-grandchildren,
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我有12个孙辈，四个孩子，以及10个曾孙，
16:07
and I think often about them
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我常常挂念着他们
16:09
and about the plight that they
will face in America,
will face in America,
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想象他们今后在美国将会面临的困境，
16:12
not only if they lived in Egypt
or a foreign country,
or a foreign country,
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更不要说如果他们以后会生活在埃及以及其他的异国他乡，
16:16
in having equal rights,
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要如何追求拥有同等权益，
16:18
and I hope that all of you will join me
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我希望你们都可以来加入我
成为全世界的女性与女孩的权益拥护者
16:20
in being a champion for women
and girls around the world
and girls around the world
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16:24
and protect their human rights.
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去维护他们的人权，
非常感谢你们。
16:26
Thank you very much.
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（掌声）
16:29
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jimmy Carter - Peace activistThe president of the United States from 1977 to 1981, Jimmy Carter has used his post-presidency years to work for peace, teach, write and engage in global activism.
Why you should listen
While in office, Jimmy Carter brokered historic peace deals and treaties. Since the 1980s, he has worked tirelessly for conflict resolution around the globe through The Carter Center, where he has engaged in mediation in Ethiopia, Eritrea, North Korea, Liberia, Haiti, Bosnia, Venezuela, Nepal and the Middle East, among many other countries and regions. Under his leadership, The Carter Center has sent 96 election observation missions to the Americas, Africa and Asia. They're also leading the fight against Guinea worm, on track to be the second human disease in history to be eradicated.
In 2002, Carter was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development." He's a member of the Elders, a group of independent global leaders working for peace and human rights.
Jimmy Carter | Speaker | TED.com