ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erik Johansson - Photographer and retoucher
Photographer Erik Johansson creates impossible but photorealistic images that capture an idea, not a moment.

Why you should listen

Erik Johansson is a self-taught photograher who learned how to retouch photos to make impossible and extraordinary images. Growing up with a grandmother who painted and a penchant for escaping into the other worlds of video games, he naturally blended the two into a technique using computers to generate images that couldn't be captured by a camera. 

More profile about the speaker
Erik Johansson | Speaker | TED.com
TEDSalon London Fall 2011

Erik Johansson: Impossible photography

艾瑞克‧強納森:不可能的攝影術

Filmed:
4,175,147 views

艾瑞克‧強納森創作真實照片不可能的鏡頭—捕捉的是想法,而非瞬間。在這詼諧的指引中,這位影像處理 (Photoshop) 巫師,描述了他如何讓這些不可置信的情節成真,但仍保留視覺上的合理性。
- Photographer and retoucher
Photographer Erik Johansson creates impossible but photorealistic images that capture an idea, not a moment. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
I'm here to share分享 my photography攝影.
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我今天來分享我的攝影。
00:19
Or is it photography攝影?
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或者說,它算是攝影嗎?
00:22
Because, of course課程, this is a photograph照片
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因為,這顯然是一張
00:24
that you can't take with your camera相機.
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你無法用你的相機拍出的照片。
00:26
Yet然而, my interest利益 in photography攝影 started開始
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我對攝影的興趣開始於
00:28
as I got my first digital數字 camera相機
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我得到第一台數位相機的時候,
00:30
at the age年齡 of 15.
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在我15歲那年。
00:33
It mixed with my earlier passion for drawing畫畫,
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它結合了我之前對繪畫的熱情。
00:35
but it was a bit different不同,
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但它有點不同。
00:37
because using運用 the camera相機,
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因為用相機時,
00:39
the process處理 was in the planning規劃 instead代替.
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整個過程是在計畫中。
00:42
And when you take a photograph照片 with a camera相機,
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當你用相機拍了張照片,
00:45
the process處理 ends結束 when you press the trigger觸發.
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過程在你按下快門那瞬間結束。
00:49
So to me it felt like photography攝影 was more about
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所以對我來說,攝影
00:51
being存在 at the right place地點 and the right time.
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比較像是天時地利的配合。
00:54
I felt like anyone任何人 could do that.
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我覺得任何人都能做到。
00:57
So I wanted to create創建 something different不同,
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所以我想要創造點不同的東西,
01:00
something where the process處理 starts啟動
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讓過程的開始
01:02
when you press the trigger觸發.
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是在你按下快門之後。
01:05
Photos相片 like this:
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像這樣的照片:
01:07
construction施工 going on along沿 a busy road.
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在繁忙的道路旁進行施工。
01:09
But it has an unexpected意外 twist.
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但它有著意想不到的手法。
01:12
And despite儘管 that,
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除此之外,
01:14
it retains保留 a level水平 of realism現實主義.
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它保留某種程度的真實感。
01:17
Or photos相片 like these --
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或者像這樣的相片—
01:20
both dark黑暗 and colorful華美,
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同時是灰暗又色彩繽紛的,
01:23
but all with a common共同 goal目標
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但都存在一個共同的目標
01:25
of retaining固定 the level水平 of realism現實主義.
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就是要保留某種程度的真實性。
01:27
When I say realism現實主義,
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當我說真實性,
01:29
I mean photo-realism照相寫實.
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我指的是相片的真實性。
01:31
Because, of course課程,
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因為,當然
01:33
it's not something you can capture捕獲 really,
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它不是你真的能捕捉到的鏡頭,
01:36
but I always want it to look like it could have been captured捕獲 somehow不知何故
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但我總是希望讓它看起來像是可被捕捉
01:39
as a photograph照片.
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的一張相片。
01:41
Photos相片 where you will need a brief簡要 moment時刻 to think
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是你會需要花點時間去思考
01:44
to figure數字 out the trick.
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才能發現把戲的照片。
01:46
So it's more about capturing捕獲 an idea理念
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所以這比較算是捕捉一個想法
01:48
than about capturing捕獲 a moment時刻 really.
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而不單單只是捕捉一個瞬間。
01:51
But what's the trick
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但,是什麼把戲
01:53
that makes品牌 it look realistic實際?
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讓它看起來是真實的?
01:55
Is it something about the details細節
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是它的細節
01:57
or the colors顏色?
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還是它的顏色?
01:59
Is it something about the light?
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是它的光線嗎?
02:02
What creates創建 the illusion錯覺?
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是什麼創造了幻覺?
02:06
Sometimes有時 the perspective透視 is the illusion錯覺.
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有時候透視法就是幻覺。
02:09
But in the end結束, it comes down to how we interpret the world世界
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但最終,得回歸到我們如何去解讀世界
02:12
and how it can be realized實現 on a two-dimensional二維 surface表面.
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以及它如何在二維的平面上被人們理解。
02:15
It's not really what is realistic實際,
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它不是某種真實的東西,
02:17
it's what we think looks容貌 realistic實際 really.
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而是我們認為看起來很真實的東西。
02:21
So I think the basics基本
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所以我覺得基本原理
02:23
are quite相當 simple簡單.
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是很簡單的。
02:25
I just see it as a puzzle難題 of reality現實
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我只是把它看作是一個真實性的拼圖
02:28
where you can take different不同 pieces of reality現實 and put it together一起
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是你可以將不同的真實拼塊湊在一起
02:31
to create創建 alternate備用 reality現實.
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去創造另類的真實性。
02:34
And let me show顯示 you a simple簡單 example.
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讓我給各位看一個簡單的例子。
02:37
Here we have three perfectly完美 imaginable想像 physical物理 objects對象,
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這裡我們有三個完全可想像到的實體物質,
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something we all can relate涉及 to living活的 in a three-dimensional三維 world世界.
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那是我們活在三維世界裡都可以聯想到的。
02:44
But combined結合 in a certain某些 way,
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但是以一個特定的方式組合後,
02:47
they can create創建 something that still looks容貌 three-dimensional三維,
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它們可以創造出某個看起來還是三維的東西,
02:51
like it could exist存在.
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就像它可能真的存在一樣。
02:53
But at the same相同 time, we know it can't.
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但事實上,我們知道它不可能存在。
02:56
So we trick our brains大腦,
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所以我們欺騙了我們的腦袋,
02:58
because our brain simply只是 doesn't accept接受 the fact事實
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因為我們的腦袋無法接受
03:00
that it doesn't really make sense.
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它是不合理的這個事實。
03:02
And I see the same相同 process處理
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而我認為組合照片
03:05
with combining結合 photographs照片.
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也是同樣的道理。
03:08
It's just really about combining結合 different不同 realities現實.
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它就只是組合不同的真實感。
03:12
So the things that make a photograph照片 look realistic實際,
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所以讓一張照片看起來真實的那些東西,
03:16
I think it's the things that we don't even think about,
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我覺得是那些我們從不曾沒想過的,
03:19
the things all around us in our daily日常 lives生活.
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那些一直存在於我們日常生活中的東西。
03:23
But when combining結合 photographs照片,
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但在組合相片時,
03:25
this is really important重要 to consider考慮,
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仔細的思考就變得很重要,
03:27
because otherwise除此以外 it just looks容貌 wrong錯誤 somehow不知何故.
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因為沒弄好的話它就看起來怪怪的。
03:31
So I would like to say that there are three simple簡單 rules規則 to follow跟隨
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所以我想告訴大家,有三個簡單的規則可以遵循
03:34
to achieve實現 a realistic實際 result結果.
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以達到一個真實的結果。
03:37
As you can see, these images圖片 aren't really special特別.
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就像你看到的,這些影像沒什麼特別。
03:40
But combined結合, they can create創建 something like this.
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但組合後,它們可以創造出像這樣。
03:47
So the first rule規則 is that photos相片 combined結合
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所以第一個規則是,被組合的相片
03:49
should have the same相同 perspective透視.
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應該要有相同的透視法。
03:51
Secondly其次, photos相片 combined結合
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第二,被組合的相片
03:53
should have the same相同 type類型 of light.
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應該要有一樣的光線。
03:56
And these two images圖片 both fulfill履行 these two requirements要求 --
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而這兩張相片同時符合這兩個條件—
03:59
shot射擊 at the same相同 height高度 and in the same相同 type類型 of light.
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拍照時是在同一個高度且也是同樣的光線。
04:03
The third第三 one is about making製造 it impossible不可能 to distinguish區分
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第三則是,要做得完全無縫,
04:06
where the different不同 images圖片 begin開始 and end結束
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讓人無法去辨別
04:09
by making製造 it seamless無縫.
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不同照片的開始和結束位置。
04:12
Make it impossible不可能 to say
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讓人無法得知
04:14
how the image圖片 actually其實 was composed.
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這影像到底是怎麼合成的。
04:16
So by matching匹配 color顏色, contrast對比 and brightness亮度
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所以藉由搭配顏色、對比及亮度
04:20
in the borders國界 between之間 the different不同 images圖片,
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在不同影像的邊界間,
04:22
adding加入 photographic攝影 defects缺陷
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加上相片的缺陷
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like depth深度 of field領域,
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像是景深,
04:26
desaturated降低飽和度 colors顏色 and noise噪聲,
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不飽和顏色及雜色,
04:29
we erase抹去 the borders國界 between之間 the different不同 images圖片
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我們消除了不同相片間的邊界
04:31
and make it look like one single image圖片,
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而讓它看起來像是一張照片,
04:34
despite儘管 the fact事實 that one image圖片
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雖然事實上這一張照片
04:36
can contain包含 hundreds數以百計 of layers basically基本上.
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可能至少包含了上百張的圖層。
04:40
So here's這裡的 another另一個 example.
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所以這是另一個例子。
04:43
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
04:45
One might威力 think that this is just an image圖片 of a landscape景觀
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有人可能會想說這只是張風景照
04:48
and the lower降低 part部分 is what's manipulated操縱.
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而只有下半部被處理過。
04:51
But this image圖片 is actually其實 entirely完全 composed
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但這張相片其實是完全
04:54
of photographs照片 from different不同 locations地點.
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從各個不同地點的照片組合出來的。
04:57
I personally親自 think that it's easier更輕鬆 to actually其實 create創建 a place地點
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我個人認為,去創造一個地方可能還
05:00
than to find a place地點,
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比去找一個地方簡單些。
05:02
because then you don't need to compromise妥協
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因為這樣你就不需要
05:04
with the ideas思路 in your head.
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和你腦海中的想法妥協
05:06
But it does require要求 a lot of planning規劃.
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但它確實需要很多計劃。
05:09
And getting得到 this idea理念 during winter冬季,
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在冬天的時候有了這個想法,
05:11
I knew知道 that I had several一些 months個月 to plan計劃 it,
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我知道我有好幾個月可以規劃它,
05:13
to find the different不同 locations地點
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去為拼圖塊的基礎
05:15
for the pieces of the puzzle難題 basically基本上.
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找一些不同的地點。
05:18
So for example,
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所以舉例來說,
05:20
the fish was captured捕獲 on a fishing釣魚 trip.
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這隻魚是在一個釣魚的旅途中拍到的。
05:23
The shores海岸 are from a different不同 location位置.
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岸邊是從不同的地點。
05:25
The underwater水下 part部分 was captured捕獲 in a stone pit.
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水面下的部分是在一個採石場拍到的。
05:28
And yeah, I even turned轉身 the house on top最佳 of the island red
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喔對了,我甚至把島上的房子變成紅色的
05:31
to make it look more Swedish瑞典.
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好讓它看起來更像瑞典風格。
05:34
So to achieve實現 a realistic實際 result結果,
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所以為了達到真實的結果,
05:36
I think it comes down to planning規劃.
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我覺得還是得回歸到計劃上。
05:39
It always starts啟動 with a sketch草圖, an idea理念.
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它總是從一個草稿開始,一個想法。
05:43
Then it's about combining結合 the different不同 photographs照片.
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然後就是組合不同的相片。
05:46
And here every一切 piece is very well planned計劃.
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而這裡的每一個部份都是事先規劃好的。
05:49
And if you do a good job工作 capturing捕獲 the photos相片,
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然而,如果你能拍到好照片,
05:52
the result結果 can be quite相當 beautiful美麗
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結果就會很漂亮
05:54
and also quite相當 realistic實際.
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而且也很真實。
05:58
So all the tools工具 are out there,
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所以所有的工具都有了,
06:02
and the only thing that limits範圍 us
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而唯一限制住我們的
06:05
is our imagination想像力.
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是我們的想像力。
06:09
Thank you.
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謝謝。
06:11
(Applause掌聲)
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(鼓掌)
Translated by Chih Ying (Naomi) Chuang
Reviewed by kane tan

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erik Johansson - Photographer and retoucher
Photographer Erik Johansson creates impossible but photorealistic images that capture an idea, not a moment.

Why you should listen

Erik Johansson is a self-taught photograher who learned how to retouch photos to make impossible and extraordinary images. Growing up with a grandmother who painted and a penchant for escaping into the other worlds of video games, he naturally blended the two into a technique using computers to generate images that couldn't be captured by a camera. 

More profile about the speaker
Erik Johansson | Speaker | TED.com