TEDGlobal 2010
Caroline Phillips: Hurdy-gurdy for beginners
Kerolīna Filipsa: Rata lira iesācējiem
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Kerolīna Filipsa prot izdabūt skaņas no reti dzirdēta tautas mūzikas instrumenta — rata liras. Savu jautro mācību stundu par instrumenta neatkārtojamo uzbūvi un 1000 gadu ilgo vēsturi viņa turpina ar basku melodiju.
Caroline Phillips - Musician
Caroline Phillips' rich, soprano voice conjures up the far-and-wide cultures of the world, especially the sound and language of the Basque Country. Full bio
Caroline Phillips' rich, soprano voice conjures up the far-and-wide cultures of the world, especially the sound and language of the Basque Country. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now, since this is TEDGlobal,
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Tā kā šis ir TEDGlobal,
00:17
who can tell me what this is called in French?
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kurš var pateikt, kā šo sauc franciski?
00:21
I see you're all up on the history of hurdy-gurdy --
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Redzu, ka visi esat pazīstami
ar rata liras vēsturi —
ar rata liras vēsturi —
00:23
"vielle à roue."
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„vielle à roue”.
Un spāniski — „zanfona.”
00:25
And in Spanish, "zanfona."
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00:27
And in Italian, "ghironda," okay?
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Un itāliski — „ghironda,” ja?
00:29
Hurdy-gurdy, or wheel fiddle.
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Rata lira.
00:32
So, these are the different kinds and shapes of the hurdy-gurdy.
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Šie ir dažādie rata liras veidi un formas.
00:35
The hurdy-gurdy is the only musical instrument
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Rata lira ir vienīgais
mūzikas instruments,
mūzikas instruments,
00:38
that uses a crank to turn a wheel
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kurā izmanto rokturi rata griešanai,
00:41
to rub strings, like the bow of a violin,
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kas trinas gar stīgām
līdzīgi kā vijoles lociņš,
līdzīgi kā vijoles lociņš,
00:44
to produce music.
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radot mūziku.
Tai ir trīs dažāda veida stīgas.
00:46
It has three different kinds of strings.
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Pirmā stīga ir burdona stīga,
00:49
The first string is the drone string,
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kas spēlē nepārtrauktu,
dūdām līdzīgu skaņu.
dūdām līdzīgu skaņu.
00:52
which plays a continuous sound like the bagpipe.
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00:57
The second string is a melody string,
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Otrā ir melodijas stīga,
00:59
which is played with a wooden keyboard tuned like a piano.
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ko spēlē ar koka taustiņiem
un kas uzskaņota līdzīgi klavierēm.
un kas uzskaņota līdzīgi klavierēm.
01:08
And the third string is pretty innovative.
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Trešā stīga ir diezgan novatoriska.
01:10
It's also the only instrument
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Tas arī ir vienīgais instruments,
kurā izmantota šāda tehnika.
01:12
that uses this kind of technique.
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Tas iedarbina tā saukto
dūcošo tiltiņu jeb „suni”.
dūcošo tiltiņu jeb „suni”.
01:15
It activates what's called the buzzing bridge, or the dog.
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Man griežot rokturi un radot spiedienu,
01:19
When I turn the crank and I apply pressure,
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01:25
it makes a sound like a barking dog.
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tas rada suņu rejām līdzīgu skaņu.
Tas viss ir diezgan novatorisks,
01:29
So all of this is pretty innovative,
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ņemot vērā,
01:31
if you consider
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ka rata lira parādījās
pirms aptuveni 1000 gadiem
pirms aptuveni 1000 gadiem
01:33
that the hurdy-gurdy appeared about a thousand years ago
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01:35
and it took two people to play it;
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Tās spēlēšanai vajadzēja divus cilvēkus:
viens grieza rokturi,
viens grieza rokturi,
01:37
one to turn the crank,
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un otrs, jā, spēlēja melodiju,
01:39
and another person -- yes -- to play the melody
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fiziski velkot uz augšu
lielas koka sprūdas.
lielas koka sprūdas.
01:41
by physically pulling up large wooden pegs.
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Laimīgā kārtā pēc pāris gadsimtiem
tas viss mainījās.
tas viss mainījās.
01:45
Luckily, all of this changed a couple of centuries later.
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01:48
So, one person could actually play
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Viens cilvēks varēja spēlēt
01:50
and almost -- this is pretty heavy --
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un gandrīz — tā ir pasmaga —
01:52
carry the hurdy-gurdy.
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pārnēsāt rata liru.
Vēsturiski rata lira
gadsimtu gaitā ir izmantota
gadsimtu gaitā ir izmantota
01:55
The hurdy-gurdy has been used, historically, through the centuries
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01:58
in mostly dance music
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lielākoties deju mūzikā
tās neatkārtojamās melodijas dēļ,
02:00
because of the uniqueness of the melody
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02:03
combined with the acoustic boombox here.
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apvienojumā ar akustisko korpusu.
02:06
And today, the hurdy-gurdy is used in all sorts of music --
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Mūsdienās rata liru izmanto
visvisāda veida mūzikā —
visvisāda veida mūzikā —
02:09
traditional folk music,
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tradicionālajā tautas mūzikā,
02:11
dance, contemporary
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deju, laikmetīgajā
02:13
and world music --
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un pasaules mūzikā
Anglijā, Francijā, Spānijā
02:16
in the U.K., in France, in Spain
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02:18
and in Italy.
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un Itālijā.
02:20
And this kind of hurdy-gurdy takes anywhere from three to five years [to order and receive it].
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Uz šāda veida rata liru jāgaida
no trim līdz pieciem gadiem.
no trim līdz pieciem gadiem.
02:23
It's made by specialized luthiers,
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To izgatavo specializēti vijoļmeistari,
02:25
also in Europe.
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arī Eiropā.
02:28
And it's very difficult to tune.
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To ir ļoti grūti uzskaņot.
02:32
So without further ado, would you like to hear it?
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Tālāk nevilkot garumā —
vai vēlaties to dzirdēt?
vai vēlaties to dzirdēt?
02:34
(Audience: Yes.)
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Publika: Jā.
02:36
Caroline Phillips: I didn't hear you. Would you like to hear it? (Audience: Yes!)
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Kerola Filipsa: Es nedzirdēju.
Vai vēlaties to dzirdēt? Publika: Jā!
Vai vēlaties to dzirdēt? Publika: Jā!
02:38
CP: Okay.
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K.F.: Labi.
02:40
There I go.
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Tad nu aiziet.
02:43
I'd like to sing in Basque,
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Es dziedāšu basku valodā,
02:45
which is the language spoken in the Basque Country where I live,
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šajā valodā runā
Basku zemē, kur es dzīvoju,
Basku zemē, kur es dzīvoju,
02:48
in the region in France and Spain.
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Francijas un Spānijas reģionā.
(Mūzika)
02:51
(Music)
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03:00
[Basque]
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[Basku valoda]
03:45
(Music)
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04:36
Thank you.
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(Aplausi)
Paldies.
04:38
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
04:40
This is a song that I wrote
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Šī manis sarakstītā dziesma
04:43
based on traditional Basque rhythms.
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ir balstīta uz tradicionālajiem
basku ritmiem,
basku ritmiem,
04:46
And this is a song that has a kind of a Celtic feel.
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un šai dziesmai ir tāda
kā ķeltiska pieskaņa.
kā ķeltiska pieskaņa.
(Mūzika)
04:50
(Music)
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05:30
Thank you. Thank you.
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Paldies.
05:32
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Caroline Phillips - MusicianCaroline Phillips' rich, soprano voice conjures up the far-and-wide cultures of the world, especially the sound and language of the Basque Country.
Why you should listen
Californian-born, French-resident entrepreneur and musician Caroline Phillips is one half of Basque music duo Bidaia, alongside Mixel Ducau. Her searching, Moroccan- and East Indian-inflected vocals are accompanied by the distinctive, folky sounds of the hurdy-gurdy, an unfamiliar and unusual string instrument operated with a crank-turned wheel.
Throughout her years as a professional musician, Phillips has regularly performed in jazz clubs and toured with her one-woman show in the Caribbean and North Africa.
Caroline Phillips | Speaker | TED.com