Seema Bansal: How to fix a broken education system ... without any more money
سیما بنسال: چگونه یک سیستم ناکارآمد آموزشی را بدون هیچ هزینه ای تغییر دهیم
BCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out. Full bio
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failing government systems.
خیلی سخته.
set in their ways,
و غیر قابل تغییر هستند،
is just too bureaucratic
آنقدر درگیر کاغذ بازی اداری است
to challenge that theory.
به چالش بکشم.
of a very large government system
سیستم دولتی بسیار بزرگ بگم
on the path of reform
fairly spectacular results
به نمایش گذاشت
in a public school in India looks like.
این شکلی است.
who's lived in India all her life,
در هند گذرانده،
is fairly heartbreaking.
so far behind in their education
عقب می مانند
جمع ساده رو انجام بدهند،
a grammatically correct sentence.
بسازند.
would expect an 8-year-old
بچه ۸ ساله
not only offer free education --
رایگان است ---
free workbooks, free meals,
out of public schools
to put them in private schools.
مدارس غیر انتفاعی ببرند.
in a far richer country, the US,
ثروتمند تر، مثل آمریکا،
the Indian public education system is.
از ناکارآمدی سیستم آموزش دولتی هند است.
that I got a call in the summer of 2013
تماسی دریافت کردم
called Surina Rajan.
سورینا راجان.
of the Department of School Education
heading this department
در دوسال گذشته
and nothing seems to work.
اما به نظر هیچکدامشان فایده نداشته.
a little bit to you.
which has 30 million people.
children in those public schools.
مدارس دولتی تحصیل میکنند.
or Canada transform itself.
تغییر در پرو یا کانادا بود.
I was very painfully aware of two things.
از دو نکته بصورت آزار دهنده ای آگاه بودم.
anything like this before.
انجام نداده بودم.
perhaps without too much success.
بی نتیجه بوده.
looked across the country
and replicate in Haryana.
پیدا نکردیم.
our own journey.
خلق کنیم.
and as we jumped in,
و از وقتی شروع به کار کردیم،
the way we recruit teachers,
تغییر دهیم،
آموزش بدیم
learning tours,
استفاده کنیم."
we had 50 ideas on the table,
ما پنجاه ایده مختلف در دست داشتیم،
و درست به نظر می اومدند.
going to be able to implement 50 things.
پنجاه راه مختلف نداشتیم.
what is it we're trying to achieve."
نتیجه ای رو به دست بیاریم."
which said: by 2020,
که طبق آن باید تا سال ٢٠٢٠،
to be at grade-level knowledge.
سواد داشته باشند.
don't matter here,
is how specific the goal is.
خاص و ویژه است.
to take all those ideas
تا همه ایده هایی که
we were going to implement.
If yes, let's keep it.
اگر اینطوره نگهشداریم.
then let's put it aside.
آن را کنار بگذاریم.
having a very specific goal right up front
داشتن هدفی خاص در پیش رو
very sharp and focused
ایجاد تغییرمان
the last two and a half years,
مشخص میشود که
کشف کنیم.
what are the issues, what is broken.
a lot of people told us
به ما میگفتند
they don't come into schools,
they actually don't know how to teach.
آن ها واقعا شیوه تدریس کردن را نمیدانند.
we found something completely different.
متوجه چیزی کاملا متفاوت شدیم.
were actually inside schools.
of teaching elementary classes.
کلاس های ابتدایی را دارند.
the construction of a classroom
had gone to a nearby bank branch
رفته بودند
into kids' accounts.
واریز کنند.
were spending all of their time
supervised and served to the students.
ناهار دانش آموزان میکردند.
why are you not teaching?"
چرا شما تدریس نمیکنید؟"
what's expected of us.
انتظار میرود.
that he checks.
آنها بررسی میکنند.
has the meal been served.
یا اینکه ناهار سرو شده.
goes to a meeting at headquarters,
which are discussed."
مورد بحث قرار میگیرند."
over the last two decades,
در دو دهه گذشته،
of access, having enough schools,
داشتن مدرسه به تعداد کافی،
into the schools.
launched a whole host of programs
the implicit executors of these programs.
این برنامه ها شدند.
بلکه غیرمستقیم اینطور بود.
was not to actually train teachers further
معلمان را بیشتر آموزش دهیم
that what is most important
مهمترین چیز برای آنها
inside classrooms and teach.
and measured and awarded
و پاداش واقع شود،
the education system,
we found a few such core root causes
چند علت اصلی بنیادی پیدا کردیم
shaping how people behaved in the system.
تعیین و آنها را شکل می دادند.
those specific things,
اون چیزهای بخصوص،
technology into schools,
یا مجهز کردن مدارس به تکنولوژی جدید،
core issues
what the solutions were.
to recreate the wheel,
از صفر بسازیم،
and see what we can find."
چه چیزی پیدا میکنیم."
small pilot experiments
and all over the world.
being done by foundations.
و نهادهای خصوصی انجام گرفته.
was that none of them actually scaled.
تا به حال در این مقیاس انجام نشده بودند.
to 50, 100 or 500 schools.
٥٠٠ مدرسه بودند.
for a solution for 15,000 schools.
میگشتیم.
why don't they actually scale?
در این مقیاس انجام نشده اند؟
when a typical NGO comes in,
اتفاقی که میافتد اینست که،
additional resources.
that they actually operate in,
فعالیت میکنند،
actually create a difference.
of the School Education Department
for 15,000 schools."
برای ١۵٫٠٠٠ مدرسه انجام دهیم!"
going to find the money
برای انجام این کار
to 15,000 schools?
در این مقیاس اجرا شود.
of the project, what we said was,
این بود که،
has to be scalable,
اجرا در این مقیاس باشد،
within the existing budgets
عملی باشد.
the point in time
in office, in cafés,
در کافه ها
how are we going to solve this problem?"
چگونه میتوانیم این مشکل را حل کنیم؟"
find solutions to many of the issues.
پیدا کردیم.
is hands-on learning.
یادگیری عملی است.
things from books,
giving students things
the budgets to give that
را نداشتیم.
went to a school
and stones from the garden outside
و سنگ از باغچه ی بیرون مدرسه بود
in the textbooks in Haryana
اتفاق می افتد
we have a little box
یک کادر کوچک در کتاب داریم که
for the teachers which say,
که میگوید
here's an activity that you can do.
میتوانید انجام دهید.
to actually do this activity,
from your immediate environment,
میتوانید ازشان استفاده کنید،
or the classroom inside,
as learning aids for kids."
برای بچه ها استفاده بشوند."
to be able to teach students.
به بچه ها استفاده میکنند.
across 15,000 schools
from the headquarters
of these district offices,
این دفاتر منطقه ای،
would open it, read it
باز کرده و خواهد خواند
that at the block office,
eventually to the 15,000 principals.
به ١۵٫٠٠٠ مدیر می فرستد.
that the principals
understood it
آنرا درک کنند
that most of these schools
بیشتر این مدرسه ها
are smartphones.
تلفن های هوشمند است.
on Facebook and on WhatsApp.
فیسبوک و واتس اپ هستند.
هاریانا رخ می دهد،
into hundreds of WhatsApp groups
صدها گروه واتس اپ تقسیم شده اند
to be communicated,
all WhatsApp groups.
واتس اپ پست می شود.
who has received it,
چه کسی آن را دریافت کرده است.
questions instantaneously.
سوال بپرسند.
who are answering these questions.
این سوالات را جواب می دهند.
a completely different part of the state
as everybody's peer group,
to a school in Haryana,
بروید،
comes to visit the classroom,
the construction of the toilet
all students across the state
doing well are rewarded.
جایزه می گیرند.
difficult conversations.
additional support
to see results quickly.
large-scale change,
در مقیاس بزرگ صحبت می کنند،
of 7 years and 10 years.
صحبت می کنند.
three independent studies,
انجام گرفته،
اندازه می گیرند،
have stopped declining,
states in the country
the fastest rate of improvement.
را نشان می دهد .
for the future.
what's going on?"
what's going on,
is that my children are learning,
بچه های من می آموزند،
my search for a private school
جستجویم برای یک مدرسه خصوصی
مناسب بدهید،
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Seema Bansal - Education innovatorBCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out.
Why you should listen
BCG's Seema Bansal is an associate director in the New Delhi office. Since joining BCG in 2000, she has worked extensively in financial services and telecommunications. Today, Bansal leads BCG's social impact and development practice in India, and works on disparate projects in fields including education, food security and nutrition and governance within government agencies.
Bansal earned an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta, and a degree in electronics and electrical communication from Punjab Engineering College in Chandigarh.
Seema Bansal | Speaker | TED.com