Seema Bansal: How to fix a broken education system ... without any more money
Seema Bansal: Hogyan javítsunk meg egy elromlott oktatási rendszert... többletköltségek nélkül?
BCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out. Full bio
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failing government systems.
hanyatló kormányzati rendszereket.
set in their ways,
hogy elavultak, saját útjukat járják,
is just too bureaucratic
to challenge that theory.
ezt az elméletet.
of a very large government system
kormányzati rendszer történetét.
on the path of reform
fairly spectacular results
in a public school in India looks like.
állami iskola osztályterme.
who's lived in India all her life,
életében Indiában élt,
is fairly heartbreaking.
egy ilyen iskolába.
so far behind in their education
egyszerű összeadásra.
a grammatically correct sentence.
egy nyelvtanilag helyes mondatot.
would expect an 8-year-old
elvárnánk egy 8 évestől,
not only offer free education --
ingyenes oktatást nyújtanak,
free workbooks, free meals,
munkafüzeteket, ingyen étkezést,
out of public schools
az állami iskolákból,
to put them in private schools.
in a far richer country, the US,
gazdagabb országban, az USA-ban,
the Indian public education system is.
rossz a közoktatás Indiában.
that I got a call in the summer of 2013
hogy 2013 nyarán kaptam egy hívást
called Surina Rajan.
bizonyos Surina Rajantől.
of the Department of School Education
vezetője volt akkoriban
heading this department
and nothing seems to work.
és úgy tűnik, semmi sem működik.
a little bit to you.
röviden Haryanát.
which has 30 million people.
children in those public schools.
jár azokba az iskolákba.
or Canada transform itself.
I was very painfully aware of two things.
két dolog fájón tudatosult bennem:
anything like this before.
csináltam ilyesmit ezelőtt.
perhaps without too much success.
nem értek el nagy sikereket benne.
looked across the country
végignéztünk az országon
and replicate in Haryana.
our own journey.
and as we jumped in,
és ahogy belevágtunk,
the way we recruit teachers,
a tanárok toborzási módján,
és képezzük ki őket,
learning tours,
az osztálytermekben."
we had 50 ideas on the table,
going to be able to implement 50 things.
képesek 50 dolgot megvalósítani.
what is it we're trying to achieve."
hogy mit akarunk elérni."
which said: by 2020,
tudása osztályának megfelelő szinten.
to be at grade-level knowledge.
don't matter here,
is how specific the goal is.
to take all those ideas
we were going to implement.
If yes, let's keep it.
Ha igen, tartsuk meg!
then let's put it aside.
biztosak benne, rakjuk félre.
having a very specific goal right up front
a nagyon sajátos cél lehetővé tette,
very sharp and focused
the last two and a half years,
what are the issues, what is broken.
mik a gondok, és mi van elrontva.
a lot of people told us
többen mondták nekünk,
they don't come into schools,
és nem járnak be az iskolába,
they actually don't know how to teach.
nem tudják, hogyan kell tanítani.
we found something completely different.
valami teljesen mást tapasztaltunk.
were actually inside schools.
valójában benn volt az iskolában.
of teaching elementary classes.
lennének általános iskolásokat tanítani.
the construction of a classroom
had gone to a nearby bank branch
into kids' accounts.
gyerekeik számlájára.
were spending all of their time
azzal töltötte idejét, hogy az ebéd
supervised and served to the students.
és fel legyen szolgálva a tanulóknak.
why are you not teaching?"
what's expected of us.
that he checks.
has the meal been served.
ki van-e osztva az étel?
goes to a meeting at headquarters,
megy a központi hivatalba,
which are discussed."
over the last two decades,
az elmúlt két évtizedben,
of access, having enough schools,
hogy legyen elég elérhető iskola,
into the schools.
launched a whole host of programs
egy egész programsorozatot,
the implicit executors of these programs.
e programok kivitelezőivé váltak.
was not to actually train teachers further
volt szükség,
that what is most important
hogy az osztályteremben tanítsanak.
inside classrooms and teach.
and measured and awarded
the education system,
az oktatási rendszert,
we found a few such core root causes
olyan okokra bukkantunk rá,
shaping how people behaved in the system.
hogyan viselkednek a rendszer résztvevői.
those specific things,
technology into schools,
az iskolákba,
core issues
és megvoltak a problémáink,
what the solutions were.
to recreate the wheel,
feltalálni a spanyolviaszt,
and see what we can find."
meglátjuk mit találunk."
small pilot experiments
apró kísérleti tanulmányokra
and all over the world.
being done by foundations.
véghezvitt apró dolgokra.
was that none of them actually scaled.
sem volt elterjedve.
to 50, 100 or 500 schools.
iskolára korlátozódott.
for a solution for 15,000 schools.
why don't they actually scale?
when a typical NGO comes in,
additional resources.
that they actually operate in,
actually create a difference.
valóban változást hoznak.
hogy a civil szervezet vezetője
of the School Education Department
for 15,000 schools."
going to find the money
to 15,000 schools?
of the project, what we said was,
has to be scalable,
elterjeszthetőnek kell lennie,
within the existing budgets
és erőforrásokba.
mint megcsinálni.
the point in time
in office, in cafés,
irodában, kávéházakban,
how are we going to solve this problem?"
hogyan fogjuk orvosolni ezt a bajt?"
find solutions to many of the issues.
megtaláltuk a megoldást.
is hands-on learning.
things from books,
könyveket memorizálni,
giving students things
tanulóknak való kiosztását jelenti.
the budgets to give that
hogy biztosítsuk mindezt
went to a school
meglátta egy iskolában,
and stones from the garden outside
szed fel a kinti kertből,
in the textbooks in Haryana
we have a little box
egy kis keretes szöveg,
for the teachers which say,
a tanároknak, miszerint
here's an activity that you can do.
ilyen foglalkozást csinálhatsz.
to actually do this activity,
from your immediate environment,
or the classroom inside,
as learning aids for kids."
to be able to teach students.
használni a diákok tanításához.
az első naptól kezdve.
across 15,000 schools
from the headquarters
of these district offices,
körzeti hivatalokban
would open it, read it
kinyitja, elolvassa,
that at the block office,
eventually to the 15,000 principals.
végül a 15 000 iskolaigazgatónak.
that the principals
hogy az iskolaigazgatókhoz
understood it
that most of these schools
are smartphones.
on Facebook and on WhatsApp.
ésWhatsAppon vannak, SMS-eznek.
into hundreds of WhatsApp groups
százai között van szétosztva,
to be communicated,
all WhatsApp groups.
WhatsApp-csoportban,
who has received it,
questions instantaneously.
egy kérdés azonnali tisztázását,
who are answering these questions.
válaszolhatják meg a kérdéseket,
a completely different part of the state
as everybody's peer group,
mindenki csoportjában,
to a school in Haryana,
comes to visit the classroom,
az osztálytermet,
the construction of the toilet
all students across the state
doing well are rewarded.
difficult conversations.
additional support
to see results quickly.
large-scale change,
változásokról beszélnek,
of 7 years and 10 years.
three independent studies,
have stopped declining,
states in the country
the fastest rate of improvement.
amely a leggyorsabb javulást mutatja.
for the future.
minket a jövőt illetően.
what's going on?"
Mi történt?"
what's going on,
is that my children are learning,
my search for a private school
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Seema Bansal - Education innovatorBCG's Seema Bansal asks: Can governments actually make a meaningful difference in education? And rapidly? Yes, it turns out.
Why you should listen
BCG's Seema Bansal is an associate director in the New Delhi office. Since joining BCG in 2000, she has worked extensively in financial services and telecommunications. Today, Bansal leads BCG's social impact and development practice in India, and works on disparate projects in fields including education, food security and nutrition and governance within government agencies.
Bansal earned an MBA from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta, and a degree in electronics and electrical communication from Punjab Engineering College in Chandigarh.
Seema Bansal | Speaker | TED.com