Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar: What happens in your brain when you pay attention?
メディ・オディカニ=セイドラー: 注意を向けた時、脳では何が起きているのか
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar is a computational neuroscientist, researching brain signals and their usage in brain-machine interfaces. Full bio
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in so many different directions at a time,
同時に様々な方向に引き付けられているからです
if you can stay focused.
よほど すごいことなのです
is all about what we are focusing on,
何かに焦点を当てることだと思っていますが
our brain is trying to filter out.
ということでもあります
you direct your attention.
you move your eyes towards something
you pay attention to something,
your direction of the eyes,
つまり あなたの目は
the surrounding area,
brain-machine interfaces,
ブレイン・マシン・インターフェース
the brain and the computer.
結びつけることに取り組んでいます
we can build models for the computers,
コンピューター用のモデルを構築し
how well our brain functions.
コンピューターで把握できるからです
can be used as assistive devices
治療のための補助的な機器として
注意の対象を変えることができます
an interesting model for computers.
モデルとするのに興味深い題材なのです
what are the brainwave patterns
人が潜在的に また顕在的に注意を向けた時
or when you look covertly.
知りたいと思いました
there are two flickering squares,
at a slower rate than the other one.
点滅の速度が遅くなっています
you are paying attention to,
注意を向けているかによって
will start resonating in the same rate
その点滅の速度に同調して
you are watching
どこに注意を向けているか
when you pay overt attention,
脳の状態を見るために
in one of the squares
注意を向けるよう
we saw that these flickering squares
脳の後部から発される信号に
from the back of their head,
of your visual information.
視覚情報の処理を司る部分です
when you pay covert attention.
to look in the middle of the screen
スクリーンの中央を凝視し
to either of these squares.
appeared in their brain signals,
確認できましたが
which was paid attention to,
the activation of the frontal area.
is responsible
it seems that it works as a filter
フィルターのように働いていて
only from the right flicker
coming from the ignored one.
情報を入れないようにしています
is indeed a key for attention,
注意の鍵となるものですが
の場合などです
cannot inhibit these distractors,
注意をそらすものの情報を遮断できず
for a long time on a single task.
集中することができません
brain-machine interfaces
ブレイン・マシン・インターフェースは
and he lost complete ability to speak.
全く話すことができなくなりました
but there was no way to respond,
それに反応する術がありませんでした
because he was illiterate.
元々 読み書きができませんでしたから
コンピューターが
イメージや文字を人が思い浮かべたとき
about images or even letters,
特定できたとしたら
a different brainwave pattern
Bという文字とは
communicate for people who can't speak?
伝えられるようになるのでは?
the thoughts of a person in a coma?
分かるようになったら?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar - NeuroscientistMehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar is a computational neuroscientist, researching brain signals and their usage in brain-machine interfaces.
Why you should listen
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar is a research scientist interested in brain-wave patterns generated by neural activities in the brain. Since embarking on his research on neuroscience, Ordikhani-Seyedlar has been working on different brain functions such as learning, memory, pain and, more recently, visual attention in humans. He also conducted a part of his research on monkeys when he was in Dr. Miguel Nicolelis' lab at Duke University. His findings help implement more accurate brain-machine interfaces to treat people who are suffering from attention deficiency.
After receiving his Ph.D in Biomedical Engineering, Ordikhani-Seyedlar was offered a postdoctoral position by Duke University to develop algorithms to process large-scale neuronal activity and brain-machine interfaces. However, due to political complications in the United States, Ordikhani-Seyedlar -- an Iranian citizen -- changed his plan to continue his brain research outside the US for some time.
As a passionate neuroscientist and neuroengineer, Ordikhani-Seyedlar's aim is to improve brain pattern detectability in computers. This enhances the ability of brain-machine interfaces substantially to better target the defected brain function which in turn enhances the sustainability of treatment effect.
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar | Speaker | TED.com