Prosanta Chakrabarty: Four billion years of evolution in six minutes
Просанта Чакрабарти: Четыре миллиарда лет эволюции за шесть минут
Prosanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
why are there still monkeys?
почему обезьяны всё ещё существуют?
and not a monkey
а не обезьяна,
to understanding where we came from.
откуда мы родом.
evolutionary biology classes in the US,
курсов по эволюционной биологии в США,
why I call them fish all the time,
почему я всё время называю их рыбами,
by dispelling some hardwired myths,
с развенчания самых устоявшихся мифов,
many of us were taught evolution wrong.
что нас учили эволюции неверно.
to say "the theory of evolution."
говорить «теория эволюции».
and just like the process itself,
и, как и в ходе самой эволюции, те теории,
are the ones that survive to this day.
прижились и существуют по сей день.
is Darwinian natural selection.
теория естественного отбора.
that best fit an environment
в результате которого организмы,
выживают и размножаются,
slowly die off.
приспособиться, — вымирают.
and it's a fact.
и это действительно так.
as much as the "theory of gravity."
как и «теория гравитации».
with other placental mammals,
with other vertebrates,
характерный для всех позвоночных,
with all other life on earth.
у всего живого на планете.
from different ancestors
биологии на первых занятиях, не так ли?
how we learn biology early on, is it?
are primitive things,
являются примитивными существами,
followed by reptiles and mammals,
а от них — рептилии и млекопитающие,
at the end of the line.
portrayed something like this,
to becoming us.
any more than we would become them.
не больше, чем мы в них.
evolution the right way?
has led to many problems,
привело к ряду проблем.
evolution the right way.
to many convoluted and corrupted views
и искажённым представлениям о том,
other life on earth,
к другим живым существам на Земле,
на четыре миллиарда лет назад.
we all came from.
от которого мы все произошли.
to other single-celled life,
другой одноклеточной жизни,
the Archaea and Bacteria
to be here well after us.
multicellularity evolved.
появились многоклеточные организмы.
and your plants and your animals.
растения и животных.
a backbone were fishes.
позвоночник, были рыбы.
all vertebrates are fishes,
the mammals and reptiles.
млекопитающих и рептилий.
some mammals become primates,
некоторые млекопитающие — приматами,
including a variety of human species.
включая различные виды человека.
a common ancestor with them.
around us kept evolving:
продолжала развиваться:
lots of fish, fish, fish.
и много-много рыб.
yes, they're my favorite group.
да, они мой любимый вид.
for a few million years.
лишь по несколько миллионов лет.
that we see around us today
бóльшая часть жизни вокруг нас
it's self-centered to think,
for an evolutionary minute,
одну минуту по меркам эволюции,
an unfinished book for sure.
которую ещё не закончили писать.
few pages of each chapter.
последних страниц каждой главы.
on the eight million species
к восьми миллионам видов,
four billion years of evolution.
четыре миллиарда лет эволюции.
on this ancient and gigantic tree of life,
на древнем, гигантском древе жизни,
not just to each other,
ветвями не только друг с другом,
and our evolutionary ancestors.
и эволюционными предками.
trying to learn, with others,
продолжаю изучать,
who is related to whom.
и кто с кем конкретно.
as a little fish out of water.
вышедшими из океана на сушу.
a lot of learning to do
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Prosanta Chakrabarty - IchthyologistProsanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet.
Why you should listen
Dr. Prosanta Chakrabarty is an Associate Professor and Curator of Fishes at the Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Science at Louisiana State University.
Chakrabarty is a systematist and an ichthyologist studying the evolution and biogeography of both freshwater and marine fishes. His work includes studies of Neotropical (Central and South America, Caribbean) and Indo-West Pacific (Indian and Western Pacific Ocean) fishes. His natural history collecting efforts include trips to Japan, Australia, Taiwan, Madagascar, Panama, Kuwait and many other countries. He has discovered over a dozen new species including new anglerfishes and cavefishes.
The LSU Museum of Natural Science fish collection that Chakrabarty oversees includes nearly half a million fish specimens and nearly 10,000 DNA samples covering most major groups of fishes. He earned his PhD at the University of Michigan and his undergraduate degree is from McGill University in Montreal. He has written two books including A Guide to Academia: Getting into and Surviving Grad School, Postdocs and a Research Job. He is also a former Program Director at the National Science Foundation. He was named a TED Fellow in 2016 and a TED Senior Fellow in 2018.
Prosanta Chakrabarty | Speaker | TED.com