TED2014
Sara Lewis: The loves and lies of fireflies
Sara Luis (Sara Lewis): Ljubavi i laži svitaca
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Biolog Sara Luis je provela poslednjih 20 godina otkrivajući magiju i čudesnost svitaca. U ovom šarmantnom govoru, ona nam govori kako i zašto su tvrdokrilci stvorili svoje tihe varnice, šta se dešava kada dva svica imaju seksualni odnos, i zašto je jedna grupa ženki poznata kao svitac vampir. (Nije prijatno.) Otkrijte još iznenađujućih činjenica o svicima u beleškama Luisove, ispod.
Sara Lewis - Firefly specialist
Evolutionary ecologist Sara Lewis digs deep into firefly mating rituals to uncover a world of secret languages and strange gifts in these silent sparks. Full bio
Evolutionary ecologist Sara Lewis digs deep into firefly mating rituals to uncover a world of secret languages and strange gifts in these silent sparks. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
As a scientist, and also as a human being,
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Kao naučnik, a takođe i kao ljudsko biće,
00:16
I've been trying to make myself
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nastojala sam da učinim sebe
00:18
susceptible to wonder.
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prijemčivom za čuda.
00:21
I think Jason Webley last night called it
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Mislim da je Džejson Vebli
sinoć to nazvao
sinoć to nazvao
00:24
"conspiring to be part of the magic."
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"potajno planirati
da postaneš deo magije".
da postaneš deo magije".
00:28
So it's fortunate that my career as a biologist
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Zato je sreća da mi moja karijera biologa
00:31
lets me dive deeply into the lives
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dozvoljava da zaronim duboko u živote
00:33
of some truly wondrous creatures
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nekih zaista čudesnih stvorenja
00:36
that share our planet:
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koja dele našu planetu:
00:38
fireflies.
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svitaca.
00:40
Now, for many of you, I know that fireflies
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Sad, za mnoge od vas, znam da svici
00:42
might conjure up some really great memories:
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mogu prizvati neke zaista sjajne uspomene:
00:45
childhood, summertime,
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iz detinjstva, letnjeg doba,
00:48
even other TED Talks.
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čak i drugih TED govora.
00:50
Maybe something like this.
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Možda nečeg kao što je ovo.
00:57
My seduction into the world of fireflies
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Moja očaranost svetom svitaca
00:59
began when I was back in graduate school.
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je započela kada sam bila
na postdiplomskim studijama.
na postdiplomskim studijama.
01:03
One evening, I was sitting out in my backyard
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Jedne večeri, sedela sam
u svom dvorištvu iza kuće
u svom dvorištvu iza kuće
01:06
in North Carolina,
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u Severnoj Karolini,
01:08
and suddenly, these silent sparks
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i iznenada, te neme iskre
01:13
rose up all around me,
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se pojaviše svuda oko mene,
01:15
and I began to wonder:
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i počeh da se pitam:
01:16
How do these creatures make light,
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kako ova stvorenja proizvode svetlo,
01:19
and what's with all this flashing?
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i šta je sa svim ovim blještanjem?
01:21
Are they talking to one another?
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Da li oni razgovaraju međusobno?
01:23
And what happens after the lights go out?
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I šta se događa nakon što se svetla ugase?
01:26
I've been lucky enough to answer
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Imala sam dovoljno sreće da odgovorim
01:27
some of these questions
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na neka od ovih pitanja
01:29
as I've explored this nocturnal world.
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dok sam istraživala ovaj noćni svet.
01:33
Now if you've ever seen
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Ako ste ikada videli
01:35
or even heard about fireflies,
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ili čuli za svice,
01:37
then you'll know how magically they can transform
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znaćete onda kako mogu magično
transformisati
transformisati
01:40
our everyday landscape into something
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naš svakodnevni pejzaž u nešto
01:42
ethereal and otherworldly,
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eterično i van ovog sveta,
01:44
and this happens around the globe,
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i ovo se dešava širom zemljine kugle,
01:46
like this hillside in the Smoky Mountains
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kao na ovoj padini planina Smoki
01:48
that I saw transformed into a living cascade of light
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koju sam gledala kako se pretvara
u žive slapove svetla
u žive slapove svetla
01:52
by the eerie glows of these blue ghost fireflies,
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jezivim sjajem ovih plavih svitaca duhova,
01:56
or a roadside river that I visited in Japan
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ili na reci pokraj ulice koju sam posetila
u Japanu
u Japanu
01:59
as it was giving birth to the slow, floating flashes
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dok je rađala spore, lebdeće bljeske
02:04
of these Genji fireflies,
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ovih Gendži svitaca,
02:06
or in Malaysia, the mangrove trees
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ili u Maleziji, mangrov drveće
02:09
that I watched blossom nightly
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koje sam posmatrala kako cveta noćima,
02:11
not with flowers
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ne cvetovima,
02:13
but with the lights of a thousand —
(Bleep! Bleep!) — fireflies,
(Bleep! Bleep!) — fireflies,
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već svetlima hiljada - (Blip! Blip!) -
svitaca,
svitaca,
02:15
all blinking together
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koji svi trepću zajedno
02:17
in stunning synchrony.
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u zadivljujućoj sinhroniji.
02:20
These luminous landscapes
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Ovi svetlosni pejzaži
02:22
still fill me with wonder,
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me još uvek ispunjavaju čuđenjem,
02:24
and they keep me connected to the magic
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i održavaju me povezanom sa magijom
02:27
of the natural world.
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prirodnog sveta.
Smatram naverovatnim da su ih stvorili
02:29
And I find it amazing that they're created
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02:31
by these tiny insects.
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ovi sićušni insekti.
02:34
In person, fireflies are charming.
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Sami po sebi, svici su šarmantni.
02:37
They're charismatic.
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Oni su harizmatični.
02:39
They've been celebrated in art
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Veličani su u umetnosti
02:41
and in poetry for centuries.
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i poeziji vekovima.
02:43
As I've traveled around the world,
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Dok sam putovala svetom,
02:44
I've met many thoughtful people
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sretala sam mnoge pažljive ljude
02:47
who have told me that God put fireflies on Earth
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koji su mi rekli da je bog
postavio svice na Zemlju
postavio svice na Zemlju
02:49
for humans to enjoy.
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da bi ljudi uživali.
02:51
Other creatures can enjoy them too.
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Druga stvorenja mogu takođe
uživati u njima.
uživati u njima.
02:54
I think these graceful insects are truly miraculous
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Smatram da su ovi ljupki insekti
zaista čudesni
zaista čudesni
02:58
because they so beautifully illuminate
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jer tako prelepo obasjavaju
03:02
the creative improvisation of evolution.
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kreativnu improvizaciju evolucije.
03:06
They've been shaped by two powerful
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Oblikovale su ih dve moćne
03:08
evolutionary forces:
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evolucione sile:
03:10
natural selection, the struggle for survival,
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prirodna selekcija, borba za opstanak,
03:13
and sexual selection,
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i seksualna selekcija,
03:16
the struggle for reproductive opportunity.
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borba za mogućnost razmnožavanja.
03:20
As a firefly junkie, the past 20 years
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Kao zavisniku od svitaca,
poslednjih 20 godina
poslednjih 20 godina
03:22
have been quite an exciting ride.
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je bilo prilično uzbudjiva vožnja.
03:24
Together with my students at Tufts University
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Zajedno sa svojim studentima
na Univerzitetu Tafts
na Univerzitetu Tafts
03:27
and other colleagues,
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i drugim kolegama,
03:28
we've made lots of new discoveries about fireflies:
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došli smo do mnogih novih otkrića
o svicima:
o svicima:
03:32
their courtship and sex lives,
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njihovom udvaranju i seksualnim životima,
03:34
their treachery and murder.
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njihovoj izdaji i ubistvu.
03:37
So today I'd like to share with you
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Danas bih želela da podelim sa vama
03:38
just a couple of tales that we've brought back
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samo par priča o onome
što smo doneli sa sobom
što smo doneli sa sobom
03:41
from our collective adventures
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sa naših zajedničkih avantura
03:43
into this hidden world.
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iz ovog skrivenog sveta.
03:47
Fireflies belong to a very beautiful
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Svici pripadaju veoma lepoj
03:50
and diverse group of insects, the beetles.
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i raznolikoj grupi insekata,
tvrdokrilcima.
tvrdokrilcima.
03:54
Worldwide, there are more than 2,000 firefly species,
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Širom sveta, postoji
više od 2000 vrsta svitaca,
više od 2000 vrsta svitaca,
03:59
and these have evolved remarkably diverse
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i one su razvile znatno različite
04:01
courtship signals,
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signale udvaranja,
04:03
that is, different ways to find and attract mates.
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odnosno, različite načine za pronalaženje
i privlačenje partnera.
i privlačenje partnera.
04:06
Around 150 million years ago,
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Pre oko 150 miliona godina,
04:08
the very first fireflies probably looked like this.
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prvi svici su verovatno izgledali ovako.
04:12
They flew during the daytime
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Oni su leteli za vreme dana
04:13
and they didn't light up.
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i nisu svetleli.
04:15
Instead, males used their fantastic antennae
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Umesto toga, mužjaci su koristili
svoje fantastične antene
svoje fantastične antene
04:18
to sniff out perfumes given off by their females.
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kako bi nanjušili mirise
koje su odavale njihove ženke.
koje su odavale njihove ženke.
04:22
In other fireflies, it's only the females who light up.
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Kod drugih svitaca, samo ženke
su te koje svetle.
su te koje svetle.
04:26
They are attractively plump and wingless,
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One su privlačno krupnije i bez krila,
04:30
so every night, they climb up onto perches
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pa se svake noći penju na uzvišenja
04:32
and they glow brightly for hours
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i blistavo sijaju satima
04:34
to attract their flying but unlit males.
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kako bi privukle svoje leteće
ali nesvetleće mužjake.
ali nesvetleće mužjake.
04:39
In still other fireflies, both sexes
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Kod nekih drugih svitaca, oba pola
04:41
use quick, bright flashes to find their mates.
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koriste brze, sjajne bleske
da bi pronašle svoje partnere.
da bi pronašle svoje partnere.
04:45
Here in North America,
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Ovde u Severnoj Americi,
04:46
we have more than 100 different kinds of firefly
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imamo više od 100 različitih vrsta svitaca
04:49
that have the remarkable ability to shine energy
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koji imaju izuzetnu sposobnost
da zrače energiju
da zrače energiju
04:53
out from their bodies
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iz svojih tela
04:55
in the form of light.
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u obliku svetla.
04:57
How do they do that?
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Kako oni to čine?
05:00
It seems totally magical,
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To deluje sasvim čarobno,
05:02
but these bioluminescent signals
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ali ovi bioluminescentni signali
05:03
arise from carefully orchestrated chemical reactions
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proističu iz pažljivo orkestriranih
hemijskih reakcija
hemijskih reakcija
05:07
that happen inside the firefly lantern.
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koje se dešavaju unutar svetiljke svica.
05:09
The main star is an enzyme called luciferase,
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Glavna zvezda je enzim
koji se zove luciferaza,
koji se zove luciferaza,
05:13
which in the course of evolution
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koji je tokom evolucije
05:14
has figured out a way to wrap its tiny arms
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shvatio kako da obavije svoje malene grane
05:18
around an even smaller molecule called luciferin,
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oko još manjeg molekula zvanog luciferin,
05:21
in the process getting it so excited
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toliko se uzbuđujući u tom procesu
05:24
that it actually gives off light.
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da čak odaje svetlo.
05:27
Incredible.
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Neverovatno.
05:29
But how could these bright lights
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Ali kako su ova sjajna svetla
05:31
have benefited some proto-firefly?
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mogla koristiti nekom proto-svicu?
05:35
To answer this question, we need to flip back
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Da bismo odgovorili na ovo pitanje,
05:37
in the family album to some baby pictures.
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moramo da okrenemo unazad
porodični album do bebinih slika.
porodični album do bebinih slika.
05:41
Fireflies completely reinvent
their bodies as they grow.
their bodies as they grow.
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Svici potpuno preosmišljavaju
svoja tela dok odrastaju.
svoja tela dok odrastaju.
05:45
They spend the vast majority of their lifetime,
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Oni provode veliku većinu svog života,
05:47
up to two years,
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do dve godine,
05:49
in this larval form.
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u ovom obliku larve.
05:52
Their main goal here, like my teenagers,
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Njihov glavni cilj ovde,
kao mojim tinejdžerima,
kao mojim tinejdžerima,
05:54
is to eat and grow.
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je da jedu i rastu.
05:57
And firefly light first originated
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A svetlo svitaca je prvo nastalo
06:00
in these juveniles.
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kod ovih mladih.
06:02
Every single firefly larva can light up,
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Svaka larva svitaca može da zasvetli,
06:04
even when their adults can't.
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čak i kada njihovi odrasli ne mogu.
06:07
But what's the point
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Ali šta je svrha
06:08
to being so conspicuous?
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tolike upadljivosti?
06:12
Well, we know that these juveniles
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Pa, znamo da ovi mladi
06:14
make nasty-tasting chemicals
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prave hemikalije gadnog ukusa
06:16
that help them survive their extended childhood,
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koje im pomažu da prežive svoje
produženo detinjstvo,
produženo detinjstvo,
06:19
so we think these lights first evolved as a warning,
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tako da mislimo da su se ova svetla
najpre razvila kao upozorenje,
najpre razvila kao upozorenje,
06:23
a neon sign that says, "Toxic! Stay away!"
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neonski znak koji kaže:
"Otrovno! Drži se podalje!"
"Otrovno! Drži se podalje!"
06:28
to any would-be predators.
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bilo kojim nameračenim predatorima.
06:31
It took many millions of years
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Bilo je potrebno mnogo miliona godina
pre nego što su
pre nego što su
06:33
before these bright lights
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ova blistava svetla
06:35
evolved into a smart communication tool
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evoluirala u sredstvo
pametne komunikacije
pametne komunikacije
06:37
that could be used not just to
ward off potential predators
ward off potential predators
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koje se može koristiti ne samo
za odbijanje potencijalnih predatora
za odbijanje potencijalnih predatora
06:40
but to bring in potential mates.
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već i za privlačenje
potencijalnih partnera.
potencijalnih partnera.
06:43
Driven now by sexual selection,
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Sada vođeni seksualnom selekcijom,
06:46
some adult fireflies
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neki odrasli svici
06:48
like this proud male
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kao što je ovaj ponosni mužjak,
06:50
evolved a shiny new glow-in-the-dark lantern
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razvili su novu blistavu svetiljku
koja svetli u mraku
koja svetli u mraku
i koja će im omogućiti
da dovedu udvaranje
da dovedu udvaranje
06:54
that would let them take courtship
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06:56
to a whole new level.
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na potpuno novi nivo.
07:00
These adults only live a few weeks,
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Ovi odrasli žive svega nekoliko nedelja,
07:02
and now they're single-mindedly focused on sex,
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i jednoumno su fokusirani na seks,
07:07
that is, on propelling their genes
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odnosno, na prenošenje svojih gena
07:09
into the next firefly generation.
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na sledeću generaciju svitaca.
07:12
So we can follow this male out into the field
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Možemo pratiti ovog mužjaka u polju
07:15
as he joins hundreds of other males
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dok se priključuje stotinama
drugih mužjaka
drugih mužjaka
07:18
who are all showing off their new courtship signals.
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koji pokazuju svoje nove signale
za udvaranje.
za udvaranje.
07:23
It's amazing to think that the luminous displays
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Neverovatno je kad razmislite
da su svetlosni prikazi
da su svetlosni prikazi
07:26
we admire
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kojima se divimo
07:27
here and in fact everywhere around the world
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ovde i u stvari svuda širom sveta,
07:30
are actually the silent love songs
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zapravo neme ljubavne pesme
07:34
of male fireflies.
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mužjaka svitaca.
07:37
They're flying and flashing their hearts out.
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Oni lete i blješte od sveg srca.
07:41
I still find it very romantic.
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Još uvek to smatram veoma romantičnim.
07:45
But meanwhile, where are all the females?
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Ali u međuvremenu, gde su sve ženke?
07:48
Well, they're lounging down below
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Pa, one se izležavaju ispod
07:50
surveying their options.
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preispitujući svoje opcije.
07:51
They have plenty of males to choose from,
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One imaju mnoštvo mužjaka
koje mogu odabrati,
koje mogu odabrati,
07:53
and these females turn out to be very picky.
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i za ove ženke se ispostavilo
da su veoma probirljive.
da su veoma probirljive.
07:57
When a female sees a flash
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Kada ženka vidi bljesak
08:00
from an especially attractive male,
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od naročito privlačnog mužjaka,
08:02
she'll aim her lantern in his direction,
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uperiće svoju svetiljku u njegovom pravcu,
08:05
and give him a flash back.
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i uzvratiti mu bljeskom.
08:08
It's her "come hither" sign.
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To je njen znak za "dođi ovamo".
08:11
So he flies closer and he flashes again.
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Tako on leti bliže i ponovo zasvetli.
08:15
If she still likes him,
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Ako joj se još uvek sviđa,
započeće razgovor.
započeće razgovor.
08:16
they'll strike up a conversation.
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Ova stvorenja saopštavaju svoju ljubav
08:19
These creatures speak their love
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08:22
in the language of light.
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jezikom svetla.
08:25
So what exactly do these females consider sexy?
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Dakle šta tačno ove ženke smatraju
da je seksi?
da je seksi?
08:30
We decided to conduct some firefly opinion polls
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Odlučili smo da sprovedemo anketu svitaca
08:32
to find out.
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kako bismo to saznali.
08:34
When we tested females using blinking LED lights,
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Kada smo testirali ženke koristeći
trepereća LED svetla,
trepereća LED svetla,
08:37
we discovered they prefer males
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otkrili smo da preferiraju mužjake
08:40
who give longer-lasting flashes.
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koji im daju dugotrajnije bljeske.
08:44
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(Smeh) (Aplauz)
08:47
I know you're wondering,
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Znam da se pitate,
08:49
what gives these males their sex appeal?
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šta daje mužjacima njihovu
seksualnu privlačnost?
seksualnu privlačnost?
08:52
Now we get to see what happens
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Sada možemo da vidimo
08:53
when the lights go out.
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šta se dešava kada se svetla ugase.
08:56
The first thing we discovered
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Prva stvar koju smo otkrili
08:57
is that once a male and female hook up like this,
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je da kada se jedom mužjak i ženka
spoje ovako,
spoje ovako,
09:00
they stay together all night long,
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oni ostaju zajedno čitave noći,
i kada smo pogledali unutra
09:03
and when we looked inside
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09:04
to see what might be happening,
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da vidimo šta bi moglo da se dešava,
09:05
we discovered a surprising new twist
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otkrili smo iznenađujuć novi preokret
09:08
to firefly sex.
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u seksu svitaca.
09:10
While they're mating,
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Dok se pare,
09:11
the male is busy giving the female
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mužjak je okupiran dajući ženki
09:13
not just his sperm
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ne samo svoju spermu
09:15
but also a nutrient-filled package
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već takođe i paket pun hranljivih materija
09:19
called a nuptial gift.
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zvani svadbeni poklon.
09:23
We can zoom in to look more closely
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Možemo uveličati da pogledamo bliže
09:25
inside this mating pair.
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ovaj par koji se pari.
09:27
We can actually see the gift —
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Možemo zaista videti poklon -
ovde je prikazan crvenom bojom -
09:28
it's shown here in red —
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09:30
as it's being passed from the male to the female.
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dok se prenosi od mužjaka do ženke.
09:34
What makes this gift so valuable
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Ono što čini ovaj poklon tako dragocenim
09:37
is that it's packed with protein
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jeste to što je pun proteinima
09:39
that the female will use to provision her eggs.
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koje će ženka koristiti
da obezbedi svoja jaja.
da obezbedi svoja jaja.
09:43
So females are keeping their eyes on this prize
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Zato ženke drže na oku ovu nagradu
09:47
as they size up potential mates.
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dok odmeravaju potencijalne partnere.
09:49
We discovered that females use male flash signals
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Otkrili smo da ženke koriste
muške blještave signale
muške blještave signale
09:52
to try to predict which males
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kako bi predvidele koji mužjaci
09:54
have the biggest gifts to offer,
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imaju najveće poklone u ponudi,
09:56
because this bling helps the female lay more eggs
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jer ovaj dragulj pomaže ženki
da nosi više jaja
da nosi više jaja
10:01
and ultimately launch more of her own offspring
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i na kraju iznese više sopstvenih potomaka
10:04
into the next generation.
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u narednu generaciju.
[Mračna strana svitaca]
Tako da nije sve med i mleko.
10:09
So it's not all sweetness and light.
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10:11
Firefly romance is risky.
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Romansa svitaca je rizična.
10:14
For the most part, these adult fireflies
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Najvećim delom, ovi odrasli svici
10:16
don't get eaten because like their juveniles
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ne budu pojedeni jer kao i njihovi mladi
10:19
they can manufacture toxins that are repellent
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mogu da proizvode otrove koji su odbojni
10:22
to birds and other insectivores,
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za ptice i druge insektojede,
10:25
but somewhere along the line,
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ali u nekom trenutku,
10:28
one particular group of fireflies
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jedna određena grupa svitaca
10:30
somehow lost the metabolic machinery
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je nekako izgubila metabolički aparat
10:33
needed to make their own protective toxins.
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koji je neophodan za proizvodnju
sopstvenih zaštitnih otrova.
sopstvenih zaštitnih otrova.
10:37
This evolutionary flaw,
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Ova evoluciona greška,
10:39
which was discovered by my colleague Tom Eisner,
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koju je otkrio moj kolega Tom Ajsner,
10:42
has driven these fireflies
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je naterala ove svice
10:44
to take their bright lights out into the night
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da odvedu svoja jarka svetla u noć
10:47
with treacherous intent.
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sa podmuklim namerama.
10:51
Dubbed "femme fatales"
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Nazvane "fatalnim ženama"
10:53
by Jim Lloyd, another colleague,
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od strane Džima Lojda, drugog kolege,
10:55
these females have figured out how to target
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ove ženke su otkrile kako da nišane
10:58
the males of other firefly species.
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mužjake drugih vrsta svitaca.
11:02
So the hunt begins with the predator —
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Lov počinje sa predatorom -
11:04
she's shown here in the lower left —
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prikazana je ovde u donjem levom uglu -
11:06
where she's sitting quietly
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gde sedi tiho
11:08
and eavesdropping on the courtship conversation
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i prisluškuje razgovor udvaranja
11:11
of her intended prey,
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plena na koji se ustremila,
11:12
and here's how it might go.
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i evo kako to može da ide.
11:14
First the prey male flashes, "Do you love me?"
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Prvo mužjak žrtva bljesne:
"Da li me voliš?"
"Da li me voliš?"
11:18
His own female responds, "Maybe."
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Njegova ženka odgovara: "Možda."
11:22
So then he flashes again.
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Zatim on bljesne ponovo.
11:25
But this time, the predator sneaks in a reply
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Ali ovog puta, predator ušunja odgovor
11:29
that cleverly mimics exactly
what the other female just said.
what the other female just said.
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koji mudro oponaša tačno ono
što je druga ženka upravo rekla.
što je druga ženka upravo rekla.
11:34
She's not looking for love: she's looking for toxins.
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Ona ne traži ljubav: ona traži otrove.
11:39
If she's good, she can lure this male close enough
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Ako je dobra, može da namami
ovog mužjaka dovoljno blizu
ovog mužjaka dovoljno blizu
11:43
to reach out and grab him,
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da se pruži do njega i zgrabi ga,
11:46
and he's not just a light snack.
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a on nije samo lagana užina.
11:48
Over the next hour, she slowly
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Tokom narednog sata, ona polako
11:51
exsanguinates this male
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izvlači krv iz ovog mužjaka
11:54
leaving behind just some gory remains.
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ostavljajući za sobom samo nešto
krvavih ostataka.
krvavih ostataka.
11:58
Unable to make their own toxins,
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Nesposobne da prave sopstvene otrove,
12:00
these females resort to drinking the blood
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ove ženke pribegavaju ispijanju krvi
12:03
of other fireflies to get these protective chemicals.
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drugih svitaca da bi dobile
ove zaštitne hemikalije.
ove zaštitne hemikalije.
12:07
So a firefly vampire,
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Dakle, eto svica vampira,
kojeg vam je omogućila prirodna selekcija.
12:13
brought to you by natural selection.
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[Svici koji nestaju]
12:17
We still have a lot to learn about fireflies,
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Još uvek imamo dosta toga
da naučimo o svicima,
da naučimo o svicima,
12:21
but it looks like many stories will remain untold,
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ali izgleda da će mnoge priče
ostati neispričane,
ostati neispričane,
12:24
because around the world, firefly populations
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jer širom sveta, populacije svitaca
12:26
are blinking out.
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se gase.
12:29
The main culprit: habitat loss.
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Glavni krivac: gubitak staništa.
12:32
Pretty much everywhere, the fields and forests,
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Gotovo svuda, polja i šume,
12:34
the mangroves and meadows
that fireflies need to survive,
that fireflies need to survive,
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mangrovi i livade koje su svicima
potrebne da bi preživeli,
potrebne da bi preživeli,
12:37
are giving way to development and to sprawl.
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povlače se pred razvojem i širenjem.
12:41
Here's another problem: we've conquered darkness,
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Evo drugog problema: pobedili smo tamu,
12:45
but in the process, we spill so
much extra light out into the night
much extra light out into the night
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ali u tom procesu, rasipamo
toliko dodatne svetlosti u noć
toliko dodatne svetlosti u noć
12:48
that it disrupts the lives of other creatures,
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da to razara živote drugih stvorenja,
12:52
and fireflies are especially sensitive to light pollution
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a svici su naročito osetljivi
na svetlosno zagađenje
na svetlosno zagađenje
12:55
because it obscures the signals
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jer čini nejasnim signale
12:58
that they use to find their mates.
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koje oni koriste kako bi pronašli
svoje partnere.
svoje partnere.
13:02
Do we really need fireflies?
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Da li su nam zaista potrebni svici?
13:04
After all, they're just one tiny bit
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Na kraju krajeva, oni su samo jedan delić
13:06
of Earth's biodiversity.
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Zemljine bioraznolikosti.
13:08
Yet every time a species is lost,
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Ipak, svaki put kada je vrsta izgubljena,
13:12
it's like extinguishing a room full of candles
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to je kao gašenje sobe pune sveća
13:14
one by one.
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jedne po jedne.
13:17
You might not notice
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Možda ne primetite
13:18
when the first few flames flicker out,
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kada prvih nekoliko plamenova istrepere,
13:22
but in the end, you're left sitting in darkness.
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ali na kraju, ostali ste
da sedite u mraku.
da sedite u mraku.
13:31
As we work together to craft a planetary future,
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Dok zajednički radimo da kreiramo
budućnost planete,
budućnost planete,
13:36
I hope we can find a way
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nadam se da možemo naći način
13:38
to keep these bright lights shining.
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da održimo sijanje
ovih blještavih svetala.
ovih blještavih svetala.
13:42
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
13:44
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sara Lewis - Firefly specialistEvolutionary ecologist Sara Lewis digs deep into firefly mating rituals to uncover a world of secret languages and strange gifts in these silent sparks.
Why you should listen
Before Sara Lewis lifted the lid on the unexplored lives of fireflies, much of the sexual intrigue behind their flashing displays was a mystery. Although initially focused on sea creatures, Lewis became hooked on these enigmatic insects, realizing that when it came to firefly mating habits, "we had no idea what went on once the lights went out," as she told the New York Times.
Her fascination has led Lewis, a professor at Tufts University, to pursue field and laboratory studies of fireflies around the world. In the course of her groundbreaking research, she’s illuminated many surprising twists of firefly behavior: including elaborate flash dances, predatory eavesdropping and deceit, and “wedding gift” delivery services (video).
More profile about the speakerHer fascination has led Lewis, a professor at Tufts University, to pursue field and laboratory studies of fireflies around the world. In the course of her groundbreaking research, she’s illuminated many surprising twists of firefly behavior: including elaborate flash dances, predatory eavesdropping and deceit, and “wedding gift” delivery services (video).
Sara Lewis | Speaker | TED.com