TED2010
Adora Svitak: What adults can learn from kids
Adora Svitak: Šta odrasli mogu da nauče od dece
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Čudo od deteta Adora Svitak govori kako svetu treba "detinjasto" razmišljanje: velike ideje, divlja kreativnost i naročito optimizam. Dečiji veliki snovi zaslužuju velika očekivanja, kako kaže, počevši sa voljom odraslih da uče od dece koliko i da ih nauče
Adora Svitak - Child prodigy
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy. Full bio
A prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Now, I want to start with a question:
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Sad, želela bih da počnem sa pitanjem:
00:17
When was the last time you were called childish?
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Kada su vas poslednji put nazvali detinjastim?
00:20
For kids like me,
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Za decu kao što sam ja,
00:22
being called childish can be a frequent occurrence.
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biti nazivan detinjastim može biti česta pojava.
00:25
Every time we make irrational demands,
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Svaki put kad napravimo iracionalne zahteve,
00:28
exhibit irresponsible behavior
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pokažemo neodgovorno ponašanje,
00:30
or display any other signs
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ili neke druge znakove
00:32
of being normal American citizens,
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pripadanja normalnoj američkoj populaciji,
00:34
we are called childish.
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zovu nas detinjastim,
00:36
Which really bothers me.
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što mi zaista smeta.
00:38
After all, take a look at these events:
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Na kraju krajeva, pogledajte ove događaje:
00:40
Imperialism and colonization,
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Imperionalizam i kolonizacija,
00:43
world wars, George W. Bush.
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svetski ratovi, Džordž Buš.
00:46
Ask yourself, who's responsible? Adults.
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Zapitajte se: Ko je odgovoran? Odrasli.
00:49
Now, what have kids done?
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Sad, šta su deca uradila?
00:52
Well, Anne Frank touched millions
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Pa, Ana Frank je dotakla milione
00:54
with her powerful account of the Holocaust,
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svojim moćnim opisom Holokausta,
00:57
Ruby Bridges helped to end segregation in the United States,
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Rubi Bridžes je pomogla da se okonča seregacija (razdvajanje ljudi na osnovu različitosti) u SAD
01:00
and, most recently,
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i, najskorije,
01:02
Charlie Simpson helped to raise
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Čarli Simpson je pomogao da se sakupi
01:04
120,000 pounds for Haiti
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120.000 funti za Haiti
01:06
on his little bike.
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na svom malom biciklu.
01:08
So, as you can see evidenced by such examples,
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Dakle, kao što možete videti, a dokazano ovim primerima,
01:11
age has absolutely nothing to do with it.
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godine nemaju nikakve veze sa tim.
01:14
The traits the word childish addresses
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Osobine na koje svet misli u reči "detinjasto"
01:16
are seen so often in adults
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se toliko često viđaju u odraslima
01:18
that we should abolish this age-discriminatory word
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da treba ukinuti ovu starosno-diskriminišuću reč
01:20
when it comes to criticizing behavior
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kada je u pitanju kritikovanje ponašanja
01:22
associated with irresponsibility and irrational thinking.
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povezanog sa neodgovornošću i iracionalnim razmišljanjem.
01:25
(Applause)
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(Aplazu)
01:31
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
01:33
Then again, who's to say
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Sa druge strane, ko može reći
01:35
that certain types of irrational thinking
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da određene vrste iracionalnog ponašanja
01:37
aren't exactly what the world needs?
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nisu upravo ono što je svetu potrebno?
01:40
Maybe you've had grand plans before
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Možda ste nekad imali velike planove,
01:42
but stopped yourself, thinking,
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ali se zaustavili, misleći:
01:44
"That's impossible," or, "That costs too much,"
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To je nemoguće ili to košta previše
01:46
or, "That won't benefit me."
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ili neću imati nikakve koristi od toga.
01:48
For better or worse, we kids aren't hampered as much
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U dobru i u zlu, mi deca nismo toliko sputana
01:51
when it comes to thinking about reasons why not to do things.
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kada je u pitanju razmišljanje o tome zašto ne raditi stvari.
01:54
Kids can be full of inspiring aspirations
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Deca mogu biti puna inspirativnog duha
01:56
and hopeful thinking.
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i nade
01:58
Like my wish that no one went hungry
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kao što je moja želja da niko ne bude gladan
02:00
or that everything were a free kind of utopia.
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ili da je sve slobodno na utopijski način.
02:03
How many of you still dream like that
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Koliko vas još uvek ima takve snove
02:05
and believe in the possibilities?
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i veruje da su oni ostvarivi?
02:08
Sometimes a knowledge of history
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Ponekad je poznavanje istorije
02:10
and the past failures of utopian ideals
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i prošlih neuspeha utopističkih ideja
02:12
can be a burden
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teret
02:14
because you know that if everything were free,
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zato što znamo da kad bi sve bilo slobodno,
02:16
then the food stocks would become depleted
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zalihe hrane bi bile iscrpljene,
02:18
and scarce and lead to chaos.
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a oskudica dovela do haosa.
02:20
On the other hand,
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Sa druge strane,
02:22
we kids still dream about perfection.
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mi deca još uvek sanjamo o savršenstvu.
02:24
And that's a good thing because in order
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I to je dobra stvar, jer da bi
02:26
to make anything a reality,
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napravio bilo šta ustvari,
02:28
you have to dream about it first.
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prvo moraš da sanjaš o tome.
02:30
In many ways, our audacity to imagine
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Na mnogo načina, naša hrabrost da zamislimo
02:33
helps push the boundaries of possibility.
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pomaže pomeranju granica mogućeg.
02:36
For instance, the Museum of Glass in Tacoma, Washington,
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Na primer, Muzej stakla u Takomi, Vašington,
02:39
my home state -- yoohoo Washington!
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moja rodna država --- juhuuuu Vašington ---
02:41
(Applause) --
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(Aplauz)
02:44
has a program called Kids Design Glass,
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ima program nazvan Deca dizajneri stakla,
02:46
and kids draw their own ideas for glass art.
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gde deca crtaju svoje ideje za umetnost u staklu.
02:48
Now, the resident artist said they got
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Sad, lokalni umetnici kažu da su dobili
02:50
some of their best ideas through the program
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neke od najboljih ideja kroz ovaj program
02:52
because kids don't think about the limitations
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zato što deca ne misle o ograničenjima
02:54
of how hard it can be to blow glass into certain shapes;
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duvanja stakla u određene oblike.
02:56
they just think of good ideas.
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Ona smisle samo dobre ideje.
02:58
Now, when you think of glass, you might
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Sad, kad mislite o staklu, možete
03:00
think of colorful Chihuly designs
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pomisliti na šareni Čuhulijev dizajn
03:03
or maybe Italian vases,
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ili možda na italijanske vaze
03:05
but kids challenge glass artists to go beyond that
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ali deca izazivaju umetnike koji rade sa staklom da idu dalje od toga
03:08
into the realm of broken-hearted snakes
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u carstvo zmija slomljenog srca
03:10
and bacon boys, who you can see has meat vision.
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i dečaka od slanine, koji kao što možete videti ima mesnu viziju.
03:13
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:15
Now, our inherent wisdom
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Sad, naša nasleđena mudrost
03:17
doesn't have to be insider's knowledge.
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ne mora da bude interno znanje.
03:20
Kids already do a lot of learning from adults,
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Deca već mnogo toga uče od odraslih,
03:23
and we have a lot to share.
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i mi imamo mnogo toga da podelimo.
03:25
I think that adults should start learning from kids.
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Mislim da odrasli treba da počnu da uče od dece.
03:29
Now, I do most of my speaking in front of an education crowd,
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Sad, većinu svojih govora držim pred obrazovanom masom,
03:32
teachers and students, and I like this analogy:
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predavačima i učenicima, i volim tu analogiju.
03:34
It shouldn't just be a teacher at the head of the classroom
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Ne treba da na čelu učionice bude samo predavač
03:36
telling students, "Do this, do that."
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koji će govoriti učenicima da urade ovo ili ono.
03:38
The students should teach their teachers.
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Učenici treba da uče svoje učitelje.
03:41
Learning between grown ups and kids
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Učenje između odraslih i dece
03:43
should be reciprocal.
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treba da bude recipročno.
03:45
The reality, unfortunately, is a little different,
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Realnost je, na žalost, malčice drugačija,
03:48
and it has a lot to do with trust, or a lack of it.
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i mnogo je povezana sa poverenjem, ili nedostatkom poverenja.
03:51
Now, if you don't trust someone, you place restrictions on them, right?
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Sad, ako ne veruješ nekome, onda im staviš zabranu, tačno?
03:54
If I doubt my older sister's ability
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Ako sumnjam u sposobnost moje starije sestre
03:56
to pay back the 10 percent interest
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da plati deset posto kamate
03:58
I established on her last loan,
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koju sam postavila na njen poslednji zajam,
04:00
I'm going to withhold her ability to get more money from me
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ograničiću njenu sposobnost da uzme još novca od mene
04:03
until she pays it back. (Laughter)
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dok ne vrati ono što je uzela. (Smeh)
04:05
True story, by the way.
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Istinita priča, usput.
04:07
Now, adults seem to have
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E sad, odrasli izgleda imaju
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a prevalently restrictive attitude towards kids
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preventivan restriktivan stav prema deci
04:13
from every "don't do that,
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od svih "ne radi ovo"
04:15
don't do this" in the school handbook
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"ne radi ono" u školskoj svesci,
04:17
to restrictions on school Internet use.
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do restrikcija na upotrebu interneta u školi.
04:20
As history points out, regimes become oppressive
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Kako istorija pokazuje, režimi postaju tlačiteljski
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when they're fearful about keeping control.
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kada strahuju od gubitka kontrole.
04:25
And although adults may not be quite at the level
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I, iako odrasli možda nisu baš na nivou
04:27
of totalitarian regimes,
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totalitarnih režima
04:29
kids have no, or very little say in making the rules,
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deca se uopšte, ili jako malo, pitaju kada se kreiraju pravila
04:32
when really the attitude should be reciprocal,
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kada zapravo stav treba da bude recipročan,
04:34
meaning that the adult population should learn
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što znači da odrasla populacija treba da nauči
04:36
and take into account the wishes
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da uzme u obzir želje
04:38
of the younger population.
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mlađe populacije.
04:40
Now, what's even worse than restriction
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Sad, ono što je gore od zabrane
04:42
is that adults often underestimate kids abilities.
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je što odrasli podcenjuju sposobnosti dece.
04:45
We love challenges, but when expectations are low,
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Mi volimo izazove, ali kad su očekivanja niska
04:48
trust me, we will sink to them.
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verujte mi, potonemo u njih.
04:51
My own parents had anything but low expectations
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Moji roditelji su imali sve samo ne niska očekivanja
04:54
for me and my sister.
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od mene i moje sestre.
04:56
Okay, so they didn't tell us to become doctors
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Okej, nisu od nas tražili da postanemo doktori
04:59
or lawyers or anything like that,
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advokati ili nešto tako,
05:01
but my dad did read to us
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ali nam je moj otac čitao
05:03
about Aristotle
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o Aristotelu
05:05
and pioneer germ fighters
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i pionirima biološkog rata (knjiga)
05:07
when lots of other kids were hearing
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kada su druga deca slušala
05:09
"The Wheels on the Bus Go Round and Round."
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"Točkovi na autobusu idu u krug, u krug"
05:11
Well, we heard that one too, but "Pioneer Germ Fighters" totally rules.
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Dobro, čule smo mi i to, ali su Pioniri biološkog rata mnogo gotivniji.
05:14
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:16
I loved to write from the age of four,
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Volim da pišem od svoje četvrte godine,
05:18
and when I was six
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i kad mi je bilo šest
05:20
my mom bought me my own laptop equipped with Microsoft Word.
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moja mama mi je kupila moj lični lap-top opremljen Microsoft Word-om.
05:23
Thank you Bill Gates and thank you Ma.
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Hvala ti Bil Gejts, i hvala ti mama.
05:25
I wrote over 300 short stories
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Napisala sam preko 300 kratkih priča
05:27
on that little laptop,
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na tom malom lap-topu,
05:29
and I wanted to get published.
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i želela da ih objavim.
05:32
Instead of just scoffing at this heresy
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Umesto da me samo ismeju u toj jeresi
05:34
that a kid wanted to get published
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deteta koje hoće da objavi radove,
05:36
or saying wait until you're older,
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i odgovora da sačekam da budem starija,
05:38
my parents were really supportive.
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moji roditelji su bili puni podrške.
05:40
Many publishers were not quite so encouraging,
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Mnogi izdavači nisu bili toliko ohrabrujući.
05:44
one large children's publisher ironically saying
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Jedan veliki dečiji izdavač je ironično odgovorio
05:47
that they didn't work with children --
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da oni ne rade sa decom.
05:49
children's publisher not working with children?
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Dečiji izdavač ne radi sa decom?
05:52
I don't know, you're kind of alienating a large client there.
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Ne znam, izgleda da se otuđujete od velikog klijenta ovde.
05:55
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
05:57
Now, one publisher, Action Publishing,
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Sad, jedan izdavač, Ekšn Publišing (Action Publishing),
06:00
was willing to take that leap and trust me
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je bio voljan da napravi taj korak i veruje mi,
06:03
and to listen to what I had to say.
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i da sluša ono što sam imala da kažem.
06:05
They published my first book, "Flying Fingers," -- you see it here --
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Objavili su moju prvu knjigu "Leteći prsti", -- vidite je ovde--
06:08
and from there on, it's gone to speaking at hundreds of schools,
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i od tada, čitana je u stotinama škola,
06:12
keynoting to thousands of educators
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i preporučilo ju je na hiljade predavača,
06:14
and finally, today, speaking to you.
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i konačno, danas, govori vama.
06:16
I appreciate your attention today,
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Cenim vašu pažnju danas,
06:18
because to show that you truly care,
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jer da bi pokazali da vam je zaista stalo,
06:20
you listen.
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slušate.
06:22
But there's a problem with this rosy picture
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Ali postoji problem sa tom ružičastom slikom
06:25
of kids being so much better than adults.
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na kojoj su deca toliko bolja od odraslih.
06:28
Kids grow up and become adults just like you.
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Deca rastu da bi postala odrasli baš kao vi.
06:31
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
06:33
Or just like you? Really?
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Ili baš kao vi, zaista?
06:35
The goal is not to turn kids into your kind of adult,
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Cilj nije pretvoriti decu u vašu viziju odraslih,
06:38
but rather better adults than you have been,
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već u bolje odrasle nego što ste vi bili,
06:41
which may be a little challenging
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što može biti mali izazov
06:43
considering your guys' credentials (Laughter).
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posmatrajući vaše zasluge,
06:45
But the way progress happens
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ali način na koji se razvoj odvija
06:47
is because new generations and new eras
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je takav zbog novih generacija i nova područja
06:50
grow and develop and become better than the previous ones.
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rastu i razvijaju se da bi bila bolja nego prethodna.
06:53
It's the reason we're not in the Dark Ages anymore.
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To je razlog zašto više nismo u Mračnom dobu.
06:56
No matter your position or place in life,
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Bez obzira na vašu poziciju i mesto u životu
06:59
it is imperative to create opportunities for children
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imerativ je kreirati prilike za decu
07:02
so that we can grow up to blow you away.
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da bismo odrasli da vas oduvamo.
07:05
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:08
Adults and fellow TEDsters,
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Odrasli, i prijatelji TEDovci
07:10
you need to listen and learn from kids
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treba da slušate i učite od dece
07:12
and trust us and expect more from us.
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da nam verujete i očekujete više od nas.
07:16
You must lend an ear today,
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Morate pozajmiti jedno uvo danas,
07:18
because we are the leaders of tomorrow,
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jer smo mi vođe sutrašnjice,
07:20
which means we're going to be taking care of you
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što znači da ćemo mi brinuti o vama
07:22
when you're old and senile. No, just kidding.
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kad budete stari i senilni. Ne, samo se šalim.
07:25
No, really, we are going to be the next generation,
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Ne, stvarno, mi ćemo biti sledeća generacija
07:28
the ones who will bring this world forward.
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onih koji će voditi svet napred.
07:31
And in case you don't think that this really has meaning for you,
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I u slučaju da ne mislite da vas se ovo tiče,
07:34
remember that cloning is possible,
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setite se da je kloniranje moguće,
07:36
and that involves going through childhood again,
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i da podrazumeva ponovni prolazak kroz detinjstvo,
07:38
in which case you'll want to be heard
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a u tom slučaju, želećete da vas čuju
07:40
just like my generation.
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kao što to želi moja generacija.
07:42
Now, the world needs opportunities
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Sad, svetu su potrebne prilike
07:45
for new leaders and new ideas.
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za nove vođe i nove ideje.
07:48
Kids need opportunities to lead and succeed.
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Deci su potrebne prilike da vode i uspeju.
07:51
Are you ready to make the match?
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Da li ste vi spremni da odmerite snage?
07:53
Because the world's problems
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Zato što svetski problemi
07:55
shouldn't be the human family's heirloom.
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ne treba da budu porodično nasleđe.
07:58
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:00
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
08:03
Thank you. Thank you.
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Hvala. Hvala.
Reviewed by Sandra Gojic
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adora Svitak - Child prodigyA prolific short story writer and blogger since age seven, Adora Svitak (now 12) speaks around the United States to adults and children as an advocate for literacy.
Why you should listen
A voracious reader from age three, Adora Svitak's first serious foray into writing -- at age five -- was limited only by her handwriting and spelling. (Her astonishing verbal abilities already matched that of young adults over twice her age.) As her official bio says, her breakthrough would soon come "in the form of a used Dell laptop her mother bought her." At age seven, she typed out over 250,000 words -- poetry, short stories, observations about the world -- in a single year.
Svitak has since fashioned her beyond-her-years wordsmithing into an inspiring campaign for literacy -- speaking across the country to both adults and kids. She is author of Flying Fingers, a book on learning.
Adora Svitak | Speaker | TED.com