TED2015
Chris Milk: How virtual reality can create the ultimate empathy machine
Chris Milk: Hvordan virtuel realitet kan blive den ultimative empati-maskine
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Chris Milk bruger nyskabende teknologi til at lave utrolige film, der glæder og fortryller. Men for Milk er drivkraften bag hans værk den menneskelige historie. I dette korte og charmerende foredrag viser han nogle af hans samarbejder med musikere, blandt ander Kanye West og Arcade Fire, og beskriver hans nyeste hjernevridende eksperimenter med virtuel realitet.
Chris Milk - Immersive storyteller
Working at the frontiers of interactive technology, Chris Milk stretches virtual reality into a new canvas for storytelling. Full bio
Working at the frontiers of interactive technology, Chris Milk stretches virtual reality into a new canvas for storytelling. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Virtual reality started for me
in sort of an unusual place.
in sort of an unusual place.
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Virtuel realitet startede for mig et
usædvanligt sted.
usædvanligt sted.
00:18
It was the 1970s.
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Det var i 1970´erne.
00:21
I got into the field very young:
I was seven years old.
I was seven years old.
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Jeg blev interesseret i området da jeg var
meget ung: syv år gammel.
meget ung: syv år gammel.
00:24
And the tool that I used
to access virtual reality
to access virtual reality
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Og værktøjet jeg brugte til at få adgang
til virtuel realitet
til virtuel realitet
00:29
was the Evel Knievel stunt cycle.
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var Evel Knievel stunt-cyklen.
00:32
This is a commercial for
that particular item:
that particular item:
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Dette er en reklame for den cykel:
00:35
(Video) Voice-over: What a jump!
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(Video) Voice-over: Hvilket hop!
00:36
Evel's riding the amazing stunt cycle.
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Evel cykler med stuntcyklen.
00:38
That gyro-power sends him
over 100 feet at top speed.
over 100 feet at top speed.
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Gyro effekten sender ham over 30 meter
i højeste fart.
i højeste fart.
00:41
Chris Milk: So this was my joy back then.
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Chris Milk: Så dette var min
glæde dengang.
glæde dengang.
00:43
I rode this motorcycle everywhere.
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Jeg tog allevegne med den motorcykel.
00:46
And I was there with Evel Knievel; we
jumped the Snake River Canyon together.
jumped the Snake River Canyon together.
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Og jeg var der med Evel Knievel; vi
hoppede over Snake River Canyon sammen.
hoppede over Snake River Canyon sammen.
00:50
I wanted the rocket.
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Jeg ville have raketten.
00:52
I never got the rocket,
I only got the motorcycle.
I only got the motorcycle.
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Jeg fik aldrig raketten, jeg fik
kun motorcyklen.
kun motorcyklen.
00:57
I felt so connected to this world.
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Jeg følte mig så tilsluttet denne verden.
01:00
I didn't want to be a storyteller
when I grew up, I wanted to be stuntman.
when I grew up, I wanted to be stuntman.
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Jeg ville ikke være historiefortæller som
voksen, jeg ville være stuntman.
voksen, jeg ville være stuntman.
01:04
I was there. Evel Knievel was my friend.
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Jeg var der. Evel Knievel var min ven.
01:07
I had so much empathy for him.
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Jeg havde så megen empati for ham.
01:10
But it didn't work out. (Laughter)
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Men det lykkedes ikke. (Latter)
01:13
I went to art school.
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Jeg tog på kunstskole.
01:15
I started making music videos.
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Jeg begyndte at lave musikvideoer.
01:17
And this is one of the early
music videos that I made:
music videos that I made:
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Og dette er en af de første
musikvideoer som jeg lavede:
musikvideoer som jeg lavede:
01:20
(Music: "Touch the Sky" by Kanye West)
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(Musik: "Rør himlen" af Kanye West)
01:26
CM: You may notice
some slight similarities here.
some slight similarities here.
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CM: I lægger måske mærke til
nogle ligheder her.
nogle ligheder her.
01:30
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
01:31
And I got that rocket.
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Og jeg fik raketten.
01:34
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
01:37
So, now I'm a filmmaker,
or, the beginning of a filmmaker,
or, the beginning of a filmmaker,
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Så nu laver jeg film, eller,
begynder at lave film,
begynder at lave film,
01:41
and I started using the tools that are
available to me as a filmmaker
available to me as a filmmaker
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og jeg begynder at bruge værktøjet som er
tilgængeligt for mig som instruktør
tilgængeligt for mig som instruktør
01:45
to try to tell the most compelling stories
that I can to an audience.
that I can to an audience.
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for at fortælle de mest overbevisende
historier jeg kan til et publikum.
historier jeg kan til et publikum.
01:49
And film is this incredible medium
that allows us to feel empathy
that allows us to feel empathy
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Og film er et utroligt medie der får os
til at føle empati
til at føle empati
01:52
for people that are very different than us
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for folk der er meget anderledes end os
01:55
and worlds completely
foreign from our own.
foreign from our own.
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og for verdener der er helt ulig
vores egen.
vores egen.
01:57
Unfortunately,
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Desværre,
01:58
Evel Knievel did not feel the same
empathy for us that we felt for him,
empathy for us that we felt for him,
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Evel Knievel følte ikke samme empati
for os som vi havde for ham,
for os som vi havde for ham,
02:03
and he sued us for this video --
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og han sagsøgte os for denne video --
02:06
(Laughter) --
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(Latter) --
02:08
shortly thereafter.
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kort derefter.
02:10
On the upside, the man
that I worshipped as a child,
that I worshipped as a child,
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På den anden side, den mand jeg beundrede
som dreng,
som dreng,
02:14
the man that I wanted
to become as an adult,
to become as an adult,
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manden jeg stræbte efter at blive
som voksen,
som voksen,
02:18
I was finally able to get his autograph.
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lykkedes det endelig at få
en autograf fra.
en autograf fra.
02:22
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
02:29
Let's talk about film now.
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Lad os tale om film nu.
02:34
Film, it's an incredible medium,
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Film er et fantastisk medie,
02:37
but essentially, it's the same
now as it was then.
now as it was then.
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men egentlig er den det samme som før.
02:41
It's a group of rectangles that are
played in a sequence.
played in a sequence.
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Det er en gruppe rektangler der spilles
i en sekvens.
i en sekvens.
02:44
And we've done incredible things
with those rectangles.
with those rectangles.
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Og vi har lavet utrolige ting
med de rektangler.
med de rektangler.
02:48
But I started thinking about,
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Men jeg startede at tænke over,
02:51
is there a way that I can use modern
and developing technologies
and developing technologies
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er der en måde jeg kan bruge moderne
og nyudviklede teknologier
og nyudviklede teknologier
02:55
to tell stories in different ways
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at fortælle historier på forskellige måder
02:57
and tell different kinds of stories
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og fortælle forskellige historier
02:59
that maybe I couldn't tell using
the traditional tools of filmmaking
the traditional tools of filmmaking
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som jeg måske ikke kunne ved brug af
traditionelle filmværktøjer
traditionelle filmværktøjer
03:03
that we've been using for 100 years?
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som er blevet brugt i 100 år?
03:05
So I started experimenting,
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Så jeg begyndte at eksperimentere,
03:08
and what I was trying to do was
to build the ultimate empathy machine.
to build the ultimate empathy machine.
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og forsøgte at lave den
ultimative empati-maskine.
ultimative empati-maskine.
03:15
And here's one of the early experiments:
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Og her er et af de første eksperimenter:
03:17
(Music)
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(Musik)
03:20
So this is called
"The Wilderness Downtown."
"The Wilderness Downtown."
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Dette er kaldet
"Junglen midt i byen."
"Junglen midt i byen."
03:22
It was a collaboration with Arcade Fire.
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Det var et samarbejde med Arcade Fire.
03:24
It asked you to put in the address
where you grew up at the beginning of it.
where you grew up at the beginning of it.
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Du blev bedt at indsætte adressen
hvor du voksede op i starten af filmen.
hvor du voksede op i starten af filmen.
03:28
It's a website.
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Det er en webside.
03:29
And out of it starts growing these little
boxes with different browser windows.
boxes with different browser windows.
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Og ud af dét kommer der små bokse
med forskellige browser vinduer.
med forskellige browser vinduer.
03:34
And you see this teenager
running down a street,
running down a street,
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Og du ser en teenager der
løber ned ad gaden,
løber ned ad gaden,
03:36
and then you see Google Street View
and Google Maps imagery
and Google Maps imagery
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og så ser du Google Street View
og billeder fra Google Maps
og billeder fra Google Maps
03:39
and you realize the street
he's running down is yours.
he's running down is yours.
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og du indser at gaden han løber ned
ad er din gade.
ad er din gade.
03:41
And when he stops in front of a house,
he stops in front of your house.
he stops in front of your house.
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Og når han standser foran et hus,
standser han foran dit hus.
standser han foran dit hus.
03:47
And this was great, and I saw people
having an even deeper emotional reaction
having an even deeper emotional reaction
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Og det var stort, og jeg så folk få en
endnu dybere følelsesmæssig reaktion
endnu dybere følelsesmæssig reaktion
03:51
to this than the things that
I had made in rectangles.
I had made in rectangles.
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over dette end de ting jeg havde lavet
i rektanglerne.
i rektanglerne.
03:54
And I'm essentially taking
a piece of your history
a piece of your history
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Og jeg tager egentlig et stykke
af din historie
af din historie
03:58
and putting it inside
the framing of the story.
the framing of the story.
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og putter det ind i
historierammen.
historierammen.
04:01
But then I started thinking,
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Men så tænkte jeg,
04:03
okay, well that's a part of you,
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okay, det er en del af dig,
04:05
but how do I put all of you
inside of the frame?
inside of the frame?
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men hvordan får jeg hele dit jeg
ind i historierammen?
ind i historierammen?
04:10
So to do that, I started
making art installations.
making art installations.
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For at få det at lykkes begyndte jeg
at lave kunst-installationer.
at lave kunst-installationer.
04:13
And this is one called
"The Treachery of Sanctuary."
"The Treachery of Sanctuary."
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Og denne er kaldet
"Fristedets forræderi."
"Fristedets forræderi."
04:16
It's a triptych. I'm going to show
you the third panel.
you the third panel.
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Det er en treenighed. Jeg vil vise jer
det tredje panel.
det tredje panel.
04:19
(Music)
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(Musik)
04:43
So now I've got you inside of the frame,
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Så nu har jeg jer inden i rammen,
04:46
and I saw people having even more
visceral emotional reactions
visceral emotional reactions
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og jeg så folk have endnu mere dybe
følelsesmæssige reaktioner
følelsesmæssige reaktioner
04:51
to this work than the previous one.
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til dette værk end det foregående.
04:54
But then I started thinking about frames,
and what do they represent?
and what do they represent?
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Så tænkte jeg på rammer, og
hvad de repræsenterer.
hvad de repræsenterer.
04:58
And a frame is just a window.
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Og en ramme er kun et vindue.
05:00
I mean, all the media that we watch --
television, cinema --
television, cinema --
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Jeg mener, at alle medier vi ser på --
fjernsyn, biograffilm --
fjernsyn, biograffilm --
05:03
they're these windows into
these other worlds.
these other worlds.
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de er vinduer ind i andre verdener.
05:05
And I thought, well, great.
I got you in a frame.
I got you in a frame.
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Og jeg tænkte, ok fint.
Jeg har jer i en ramme.
Jeg har jer i en ramme.
05:08
But I don't want you in the frame,
I don't want you in the window,
I don't want you in the window,
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Men jeg vil ikke have jer i rammen,
jeg vil ikke have jer i vinduet,
jeg vil ikke have jer i vinduet,
05:11
I want you through the window,
I want you on the other side,
I want you on the other side,
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men gennem vinduet,
på den anden side,
på den anden side,
05:14
in the world, inhabiting the world.
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i verdenen, iboende verdenen.
05:18
So that leads me back to virtual reality.
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Dette leder mig tilbage
til virtuel realitet.
til virtuel realitet.
05:21
Let's talk about virtual reality.
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Lad os tale om virtuel realitet.
05:24
Unfortunately,
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Desværre,
05:25
talking about virtual reality
is like dancing about architecture.
is like dancing about architecture.
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at tale om virtuel realitet er
som at danse om arkitektur.
som at danse om arkitektur.
05:30
And this is actually someone dancing
about architecture in virtual reality.
about architecture in virtual reality.
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Og her en der faktisk danser om
arkitektur i virtuel realitet.
arkitektur i virtuel realitet.
05:37
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
05:39
So, it's difficult to explain.
Why is it difficult to explain?
Why is it difficult to explain?
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Det er svært at forklare.
Hvorfor er det svært at forklare?
Hvorfor er det svært at forklare?
05:43
It's difficult because it's a very
experiential medium.
experiential medium.
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Det er svært fordi mediet er
eksperimenterende.
eksperimenterende.
05:46
You feel your way inside of it.
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Du føler din vej i det.
05:48
It's a machine, but inside of it,
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Det er en maskine, men inden i
05:50
it feels like real life,
it feels like truth.
it feels like truth.
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føles det som det rigtige liv,
det føles som sandhed.
det føles som sandhed.
05:53
And you feel present in the world
that you're inside
that you're inside
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Du føler nutiden i verdenen du er inden i
05:56
and you feel present with the people
that you're inside of it with.
that you're inside of it with.
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og du føler nutiden med folkene
der er inden i den sammen med dig.
der er inden i den sammen med dig.
05:59
So, I'm going to show you a demo
of a virtual reality film:
of a virtual reality film:
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Jeg vil vise jer en demo af en
virtuel realitet film:
virtuel realitet film:
06:03
a full-screen version of
all the information
all the information
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en fuld skærm version af al information
06:06
that we capture when
we shoot virtual reality.
we shoot virtual reality.
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vi optager når vi optager
virtuel realitet.
virtuel realitet.
06:08
So we're shooting in every direction.
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Vi optager i alle retninger.
06:10
This is a camera system that we built
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Dette er et kamerasystem vi har bygget
06:12
that has 3D cameras that look
in every direction
in every direction
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som har 3D kameraer der kigger
i alle retninger
i alle retninger
06:15
and binaural microphones
that face in every direction.
that face in every direction.
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og dobbeltmikrofoner der
optager i alle retninger.
optager i alle retninger.
06:17
We take this and we build, basically,
a sphere of a world that you inhabit.
a sphere of a world that you inhabit.
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Vi tager dette og bygger en sfærisk verden
som du kan besøge.
som du kan besøge.
06:23
So what I'm going to show you
is not a view into the world,
is not a view into the world,
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Hvad jeg vil vise jer er ikke et kig ind
i denne verden,
i denne verden,
06:26
it's basically the whole world
stretched into a rectangle.
stretched into a rectangle.
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men hele verdenen strakt ud i
en rektangel.
en rektangel.
06:30
So this film is called
"Clouds Over Sidra,"
"Clouds Over Sidra,"
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Denne film er kaldet
"Skyer over Sidra,"
"Skyer over Sidra,"
06:33
and it was made in conjunction with
our virtual reality company called VRSE
our virtual reality company called VRSE
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og den blev lavet i samarbejde med vort
virtuel realitet firma kaldet VRSE
virtuel realitet firma kaldet VRSE
06:37
and the United Nations,
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og De Forenede Nationer,
06:39
and a co-collaborator named Gabo Arora.
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og en samarbejdspartner
ved navn Gabo Arora.
ved navn Gabo Arora.
06:42
And we went to a Syrian refugee camp
in Jordan in December
in Jordan in December
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Vi tog til en syrisk flygtningelejr
i Jordan i december
i Jordan i december
06:46
and shot the story of a 12-year-old
girl there named Sidra.
girl there named Sidra.
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og optog historien om en 12-årig
pige dér ved navn Sidra.
pige dér ved navn Sidra.
06:50
And she and her family fled Syria
through the desert into Jordan
through the desert into Jordan
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Hun og hendes familie flygtede fra Syrien
gennem ørkenen til Jordan
gennem ørkenen til Jordan
06:54
and she's been living in this
camp for the last year and a half.
camp for the last year and a half.
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og hun har boet der i lejren
det sidste halvandet år.
det sidste halvandet år.
07:00
(Video) Sidra: My name is Sidra.
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(Video) Sidra: Jeg hedder Sidra.
07:02
I am 12 years old.
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Jeg er 12 år.
07:04
I am in the fifth grade.
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Jeg går i femte klasse.
07:06
I am from Syria,
in the Daraa Province, Inkhil City.
in the Daraa Province, Inkhil City.
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Jeg er fra Syrien, fra provinsen til
Daraa i byen Inkhil.
Daraa i byen Inkhil.
07:11
I have lived here in the Zaatari camp
in Jordan for the last year and a half.
in Jordan for the last year and a half.
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Jeg har boet her i Zataari-lejren i Jordan
gennem det sidste halvandet år.
gennem det sidste halvandet år.
07:18
I have a big family:
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Jeg har en stor familie:
07:20
three brothers, one is a baby.
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tre brødre, en er en baby.
07:23
He cries a lot.
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Han græder meget.
07:27
I asked my father if I cried when
I was a baby and he says I did not.
I was a baby and he says I did not.
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Jeg spurgte min far om jeg græd da jeg
var spæd og han siger det gjorde jeg ikke.
var spæd og han siger det gjorde jeg ikke.
07:32
I think I was a stronger baby
than my brother.
than my brother.
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Jeg tror jeg var en stærkere baby
end min bror.
end min bror.
07:35
CM: So, when you're inside
of the headset.
of the headset.
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CM: Når du har headsettet på,
07:38
you're not seeing it like this.
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ser du det ikke sådan her.
07:40
You're looking around through this world.
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Du ser rundt på en verden.
07:42
You'll notice you see full
360 degrees, in all directions.
360 degrees, in all directions.
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Du vil bemærke du ser 360 grader,
hele vejen rundt.
hele vejen rundt.
07:47
And when you're sitting there
in her room, watching her,
in her room, watching her,
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Og når du sidder der i hendes værelse,
og kigger på hende,
og kigger på hende,
07:50
you're not watching it through
a television screen,
a television screen,
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ser du det ikke gennem en tv-skærm,
07:53
you're not watching it through a window,
you're sitting there with her.
you're sitting there with her.
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du ser det ikke gennem et vindue,
du sidder der med hende.
du sidder der med hende.
07:56
When you look down, you're sitting
on the same ground that she's sitting on.
on the same ground that she's sitting on.
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Når du kigger ned, sidder du på det samme
gulv hun sidder på.
gulv hun sidder på.
08:00
And because of that,
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Og derfor,
08:02
you feel her humanity in a deeper way.
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mærker du hendes menneskelighed dybere.
08:07
You empathize with her in a deeper way.
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Du empatiserer med hende dybere.
08:11
And I think that we can change
minds with this machine.
minds with this machine.
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Og jeg tror at vi kan forandre bevidst-
heder med denne maskine.
heder med denne maskine.
08:17
And we've already started
to try to change a few.
to try to change a few.
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Og vi er allerede startet med at
ændre nogle.
ændre nogle.
08:21
So we took this film to the World Economic
Forum in Davos in January.
Forum in Davos in January.
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Vi tog denne film til Verdens Økonomi
Forum i Davos sidste januar.
Forum i Davos sidste januar.
08:26
And we showed it to a group of people
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Vi viste den til en gruppe mennesker
08:29
whose decisions affect the lives
of millions of people.
of millions of people.
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hvis beslutninger påvirker livet
hos millioner af mennesker.
hos millioner af mennesker.
08:33
And these are people
who might not otherwise
who might not otherwise
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De er mennesker, der ellers ikke
08:35
be sitting in a tent
in a refugee camp in Jordan.
in a refugee camp in Jordan.
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ville sidde i et telt i en flygtningelejr
i Jordan.
i Jordan.
08:41
But in January, one afternoon
in Switzerland,
in Switzerland,
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Men i januar, en eftermiddag i Schweiz,
08:47
they suddenly all found themselves there.
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befandt de sig allesammen der.
08:52
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
08:58
And they were affected by it.
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Og de blev påvirket af det.
09:01
So we're going to make more of them.
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Så vi vil lave flere af dem.
09:04
We're working with the
United Nations right now
United Nations right now
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Vi arbejder med Forenede Nationer lige nu
09:07
to shoot a whole series of these films.
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med at lave en hel serie af disse film.
09:09
We just finished shooting
a story in Liberia.
a story in Liberia.
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Vi har netop afsluttet en historie
i Liberia.
i Liberia.
09:12
And now, we're going
to shoot a story in India.
to shoot a story in India.
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Og nu vil vi optage en historie i Indien.
09:15
And we're taking these films,
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Og vi tager disse film,
09:17
and we're showing them
at the United Nations
at the United Nations
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og viser dem i FN
09:20
to people that work there and people
that are visiting there.
that are visiting there.
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for medarbejdere og besøgende.
09:23
And we're showing
them to the people
them to the people
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Og vi viser dem for de mennesker
09:24
that can actually change the lives
of the people inside of the films.
of the people inside of the films.
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der faktisk kan forandre livet for
menneskene i filmene.
menneskene i filmene.
09:29
And that's where I think we just
start to scratch the surface
start to scratch the surface
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Og dér, tror jeg, at vi kun lige er
startet med at opdage
startet med at opdage
09:32
of the true power of virtual reality.
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den virkelige kraft hos virtuel realitet.
09:36
It's not a video game peripheral.
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Det er ikke en gren af videospil.
09:38
It connects humans to other humans
in a profound way
in a profound way
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Det forbinder mennesker med andre folk
på en dybtgående måde
på en dybtgående måde
09:43
that I've never seen before
in any other form of media.
in any other form of media.
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som jeg ikke har set i andre former
for medie.
for medie.
09:46
And it can change people's
perception of each other.
perception of each other.
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Og det kan forandre menneskers
opfattelse af hinanden.
opfattelse af hinanden.
09:50
And that's how I think
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Og derfor tror jeg
09:52
virtual reality has the potential
to actually change the world.
to actually change the world.
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at virtuel realitet er i stand
til egentlig at forandre verden.
til egentlig at forandre verden.
09:58
So, it's a machine,
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Det er en maskine,
10:01
but through this machine
we become more compassionate,
we become more compassionate,
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men gennem denne maskine
bliver vi mere medfølende,
bliver vi mere medfølende,
10:06
we become more empathetic,
and we become more connected.
and we become more connected.
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vi bliver mere empatiske,
og vi bliver mere forbundne.
og vi bliver mere forbundne.
10:11
And ultimately, we become more human.
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Og til syvende og sidst bliver vi
mere menneskelige.
mere menneskelige.
10:16
Thank you.
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Tak skal I have.
10:17
(Applause)
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(Bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Milk - Immersive storytellerWorking at the frontiers of interactive technology, Chris Milk stretches virtual reality into a new canvas for storytelling.
Why you should listen
Chris Milk is a visual artist who has created music videos for Kanye West, Arcade Fire, Beck, U2, Johnny Cash, Gnarls Barkley and many more. He is known for weaving artistic and technological innovations in pursuit of the next great platform for storytelling. Milk's acclaimed interactive projects include Wilderness Downtown (with Arcade Fire), The Johnny Cash Project and The Treachery of Sanctuary. His interactive installation artworks have been showcased at the MoMA, the Tate Modern and museums around the world.
Milk's most recent contribution to the art and tech frontier is as founder and CEO of the virtual reality company Within (formerly Vrse). In collaboration with the New York Times, Zach Richter and JR, Milk created two VR films, Walking New York and The Displaced, which were distributed along with Google Cardboard viewers to 1 million NYT subscribers in 2015. He has also collaborated on VR projects with the United Nations (Clouds Over Sidra and Waves of Grace), Vice, SNL and U2.
Chris Milk | Speaker | TED.com