Chris Urmson: How a driverless car sees the road
Chris Urmson: Wie ein fahrerloses Auto die Straße wahrnimmt
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invented the automobile.
Carl Benz das Automobil.
for the first public test drive,
er die erste öffentliche Testfahrt
crashed into a wall.
reliable part of the car, the driver.
Auto zu umgehen: den Fahrer.
we've added air bags,
started trying to make the car smarter
das Auto selbst intelligenter zu machen,
a little bit about the difference
welchen Unterschied es macht,
with driver assistance systems
von Assistenzsystemen angeht
fahrende Autos entwickelt,
self-driving cars
a little bit about our car
von unserem Auto erzählen
and how it reacts and what it does,
wahrnimmt und darauf reagiert.
a little bit about the problem.
wenig das Problem erläutern.
on the world's roads every year.
jedes Jahr bei Autounfällen.
are killed each year.
falling out of the sky every working day.
eine Boeing 737 abstürzen würde.
other than drive.
andere tun, als zu fahren.
increased by 38 percent.
than it was not very long ago.
schlimmer als noch vor kurzer Zeit.
in America, which is about 50 minutes,
durchschnittlich ca. 50 Minuten.
workers we have,
unseren 120 Mio. Pendlern,
about six billion minutes
so let's put it in perspective.
also vergleichen wir das mal.
life expectancy of a person,
Lebenserwartung eines Menschen teilen,
who don't have the privilege
steckenbleiben können.
drive to work in the morning,
zur Arbeit zu fahren,
of piecing together bits of public transit
Verkehrsmitteln ab -- 2 Std. lang.
und Familie um eine Fahrt.
that you and I have to get around.
um von A nach B zu kommen.
these driver assistance systems
Fahrerassistenzsysteme
and incrementally improve them,
selbstfahrende Autos.
into self-driving cars.
that's like me saying
nur richtig anstrengen würde,
one day I'll be able to fly.
something a little different.
about three different ways
than driver assistance systems.
Assistenzsystemen unterscheiden.
with some of our own experience.
was wir selbst erfahren haben.
mit selbstfahrenden Autos,
of a self-driving car
they were 100 Googlers,
100 Google-Mitarbeiter,
them to use it in their daily lives.
um es im Alltag auszuprobieren.
this one had a big asterisk with it:
but it could still fail.
we let them use it,
und ließen sie es benutzen.
was something awesome,
to bring a product into the world.
who came in and told us on the first day,
und sagte uns am ersten Tag:
Was glauben wir eigentlich?"
What are we thinking?"
"Not only should I have it,
"Nicht nur ich sollte es haben,
because people are terrible drivers."
Menschen sind schreckliche Fahrer."
the people inside the car were doing,
was die Leute im Auto taten.
and realizes the battery is low,
dass der Akku fast leer ist.
and digs around in his backpack,
und durchsucht seinen Rucksack,
the charging cable for his phone,
Ladekabel für sein Handy,
puts it on the phone.
danach in sein Handy.
65 miles per hour down the freeway.
mit 105 km/h den Freeway entlang.
it's kind of obvious, right?
the driver is going to get.
incrementally smarter,
schrittweise schlauer machen,
the wins we really need.
unsere Ziele nicht erreichen.
a little technical for a moment here.
von links nach rechts,
and along the bottom
apply the brakes when it shouldn't.
wenn es das nicht sollte.
auf dieser Achse ignorieren,
and the car starts stopping randomly,
und das Auto immer mal wieder anhält,
the car is going to apply the brakes
wie oft das Auto richtigerweise bremst,
to help you avoid an accident.
the bottom left corner here,
it doesn't do anything goofy,
es tut nichts Merkwürdiges,
out of an accident.
a driver assistance system into a car,
Fahrerassistenzsystem installieren,
of technology on there,
Technologien in das Auto.
to have some operating properties,
all of the accidents,
alle Unfälle verhindern.
along the curve here,
that the human driver misses,
aller Unfälle verhindern.
by a factor of two.
der Autounfälle halbiert!
dying every year in America.
17 000 Menschen weniger pro Jahr.
that looks like this.
more sensors in the vehicle,
in das Auto integrieren,
operating point up here
gets into a crash.
and we could argue
I could say something like "80-20 rule,"
eher der 80/20-Regel entspricht.
to that new curve.
sehr schwer zu erreichen.
from a different direction for a moment.
die richtigen Entscheidungen treffen?
the technology has to do the right thing.
is a driver assistance system.
das Fahrerassistenzsystem.
die Unfälle verursachen --
to traffic accidents
is probably making decisions
ein selbstfahrendes System
etwa 600-mal pro Kilometer.
between these two,
beiden vergleichen,
I'm never actually going to get there.
Das kann ich nie erreichen.
the system can handle uncertainty.
das System mit Unsicherheit umgeht.
stepping into the road, might not be.
auf die Straße -- oder auch nicht.
nor can any of our algorithms,
unsere Algorithmen auch nicht.
a driver assistance system,
because again,
denn es wäre völlig inakzeptabel,
that's completely unacceptable.
can look at that pedestrian and say,
den Fußgänger und sagt:
and then react appropriately after that.
hin und reagiere dann entsprechend."
a driver assistance system can ever be.
Assistenzsystem je sein könnte.
the differences between the two.
Unterschieden zwischen beiden.
how the car sees the world.
die Umgebung wahrnimmt.
where it is in the world,
seine Sensordaten einträgt.
and aligning the two,
what it sees in the moment.
was das Auto momentan sieht.
are other vehicles on the road,
andere Fahrzeuge auf der Straße
over there is a cyclist,
if you look really closely,
noch einige Leitkegel.
is in the moment,
we have to predict what's going to happen.
vorhersagen, was passieren wird.
is about to make a left lane change
will auf die linke Spur wechseln,
what everybody's thinking,
was jeder gerade denkt.
how the car should respond in the moment,
wie sich das Auto verhalten sollte,
quickly it should slow down or speed up.
es bremsen und beschleunigen sollte.
just following a path:
einem Weg zu folgen,
pressing the brake or gas.
zu bremsen oder Gas zu geben.
at the end of the day.
and the other boxes on the road,
und die anderen Kästchen,
und ungefähr, wo die anderen sind.
and roughly where the other vehicles are.
Verständnis der Umwelt.
understanding of the world.
on neighborhood and city streets,
Innenstadt zu fahren,
new level of difficulty.
of us, cars crossing in front of us,
Autos überqueren die Kreuzung,
problem by comparison.
that problem solved,
to deal with construction.
Baustellen zurechtkommen.
forcing it to drive to the right,
müssen also nach rechts wechseln.
in isolation, of course.
through that construction zone as well.
die sich durch die Baustelle bewegen.
breaking the rules, the police are there
bricht, taucht die Polizei auf.
Blinklicht auf dem Wagendach bedeutet:
that flashing light on the top of the car
sondern ein Polizeiauto.
it's actually a police officer.
on the side here,
differently as well.
other people have expectations:
Teilnehmer Erwartungen.
to yield to them and make room for them
Vorrang einräumt
stood in the road,
that this means stop,
we should continue.
sollten wir weiterfahren.
is by sharing data between the vehicles.
zwischen den Fahrzeugen austauschen.
erkennt ein Auto eine Baustelle
sees a construction zone,
so it can be in the correct lane
deeper understanding of this.
noch viel mehr als das.
that the cars have seen over time,
hunderttausende Fußgänger,
of pedestrians, cyclists,
what other vehicles should look like
wie andere Fahrzeuge
we could take from that a model
sogar ein Modell ableiten,
to move through the world.
crossing in front of us.
vor uns über die Straße.
and we anticipate
und wir nehmen an,
and around the car to the right.
um das geparkte Auto zu umfahren.
coming down the road
to drive down the shape of the road.
dem Straßenverlauf folgen wird.
going to make a U-turn in front of us,
and respond safely.
sofort sicher reagieren.
for things that we've seen,
für Dinge, die wir kennen.
lots of things that you haven't
wieder auf Situationen,
through Mountain View,
(Laughter)
(Lachen)
in the DMV handbook
steht leider nicht,
to encounter that,
with just ducks.
The car reacts to that.
uns vorbei. Das Auto reagiert.
anywhere other than Mountain View.
to deal with drivers,
jumps out of this truck at us.
aus einem LKW entgegen.
with the green box decides
das Auto in der grünen Box
at the last possible moment.
the car to our left decides
blow through a red light
blowing through that light as well.
the vehicle responds safely.
who do I don't know what
zwei selbstfahrende Autos.
pulling out between two self-driving cars.
"Warum macht der das?!"
with a lot of stuff there,
vielen Infos überschüttet.
down pretty quickly.
kurz näher erklären.
die Szene mit dem Radfahrer.
with the cyclist again,
Radfahrer noch gar nicht sehen kann.
we can't actually see the cyclist yet,
Er ist die kleine blaue Box.
blue box up there,
really easy to understand,
to turn that laser data and look at it,
at laser data, you can see
ein paar Punkte in der Kurve.
ist der Radfahrer.
is that cyclist.
has turned yellow already,
in the imagery.
die Augen zusammenkneifen.
to proceed through the intersection.
his is solidly red,
die des Radlers rot.
is going to come all the way across.
komplette Kreuzung überqueren wird.
were not paying as much attention.
uns nicht so gut aufgepasst.
and fortunately for everyone,
erstaunliche Fortschritte gemacht.
some pretty exciting progress,
auf den Markt kommen wird.
to come to market.
in our simulators every single day,
4,8 Mio. Kilometer im Simulator.
that our vehicles have.
ziemlich viel Erfahrung.
auf die Straße zu bringen.
this technology on the road,
is to go through the self-driving
Auto ist sinnvoller
amerikanischen Straßen gestorben.
it's a really complicated problem,
Aufgabe ist enorm komplex.
in four and a half years,
seinen Führerschein machen.
to get his driver's license.
to making sure that doesn't happen.
alles daran, das zu verhindern.
I've got a question for you.
ich habe noch eine Frage.
ist schon ziemlich verblüffend.
is pretty mind-boggling.
driver-assisted and fully driverless --
und fahrerlose Autos angeht --
going on out there right now.
eine große Debatte.
for example, Tesla,
that's kind of going to be a dead end
that route and get to fully driverless
und keinen Fahrer mehr braucht,
is going to say, "This feels safe,"
"Das fühlt sich sicher an",
and something ugly will happen.
etwas Schlimmes passiert.
and it's not to say
unglaublich wichtig sind.
aren't going to be incredibly valuable.
viele Leben retten.
in the interim,
wie Steve das Fahren zu ermöglichen
to help someone like Steve get around,
to change our cities
unsere Städte zu verändern,
these urban craters we call parking lots,
der Stadt selbst nach draußen verlagern.
with huge interest.
gespannt verfolgen.
CU: Thank you. (Applause)
CU: Danke. (Appplaus)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Urmson - RoboticistChris Umson is the Director of Self-Driving Cars at Google[x].
Why you should listen
Since 2009, Chris Urmson has headed up Google’s self-driving car program. So far, the team’s vehicles have driven over three quarters of a million miles. While early models included a driverless Prius that TEDsters got to test- ... um, -not-drive in 2011, more and more the team is building vehicles from the ground up, custom-made to go driverless.
Prior to joining Google, Umson was on the faculty of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University, where his research focused on motion planning and perception for robotic vehicles. During his time at Carnegie Mellon, he served as Director of Technology for the team that won the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge.
Chris Urmson | Speaker | TED.com