Chris Urmson: How a driverless car sees the road
Chris Urmson: ¿Cómo puede un auto sin conductor ver la carretera?
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invented the automobile.
inventó el automóvil.
for the first public test drive,
primera prueba de conducción pública,
crashed into a wall.
estrellarse contra una pared.
reliable part of the car, the driver.
menos fiable del vehículo, el conductor.
las bolsas de aire,
we've added air bags,
started trying to make the car smarter
a hacer autos más inteligentes
el conductor.
a little bit about the difference
with driver assistance systems
sistemas de conducción asistida
self-driving cars
plenamente autoconducidos
hacer por el mundo.
a little bit about our car
de nuestro auto
and how it reacts and what it does,
cómo reacciona y qué hace,
a little bit about the problem.
sobre el problema.
1,2 millones de personas al año.
on the world's roads every year.
are killed each year.
33 000 personas al año.
falling out of the sky every working day.
del cielo cada día laboral.
es algo así.
other than drive.
que conducir.
increased by 38 percent.
aumentaron un 38 %.
than it was not very long ago.
de lo que fue no hace mucho.
un impacto humano muy alto.
in America, which is about 50 minutes,
en EE.UU. es de unos 50 minutos,
workers we have,
de trabajadores,
about six billion minutes
cada día.
so let's put it in perspective.
pongamos esto en perspectiva.
life expectancy of a person,
edad media de una persona,
who don't have the privilege
no tenemos el privilegio
para ir al trabajo cada mañana,
drive to work in the morning,
of piecing together bits of public transit
que lo lleven.
that you and I have to get around.
que Uds. y yo para moverse.
de asistencia al conductor
these driver assistance systems
and incrementally improve them,
de manera incremental,
en vehículos autoconducidos.
into self-driving cars.
that's like me saying
que eso es como decir
one day I'll be able to fly.
un día podremos volar.
something a little different.
algo un poco diferente.
about three different ways
formas diferentes en las que
than driver assistance systems.
de los de conducción asistida.
with some of our own experience.
of a self-driving car
de un vehículo autoconducido
they were 100 Googlers,
eran 100 empleados de Google
them to use it in their daily lives.
usarlos en sus vidas diarias.
this one had a big asterisk with it:
real este tenía una gran salvedad:
but it could still fail.
les dejamos que lo usaran,
we let them use it,
was something awesome,
to bring a product into the world.
de crear un producto.
que le encantó.
who came in and told us on the first day,
que vino y nos dijo el primer día:
What are we thinking?"
¿En qué estamos pensando?"
"No solo yo debería tenerlo,
"Not only should I have it,
porque las personas conducen muy mal".
because people are terrible drivers."
the people inside the car were doing,
qué hacía la gente dentro del auto,
es la de este caballero
and realizes the battery is low,
de que la batería está baja,
and digs around in his backpack,
y busca en su mochila,
the charging cable for his phone,
el cargador de su teléfono,
puts it on the phone.
está cargando.
65 miles per hour down the freeway.
en la autopista.
it's kind of obvious, right?
the driver is going to get.
el conductor.
incrementally smarter,
the wins we really need.
que necesitamos.
a little technical for a moment here.
técnico durante un momento.
and along the bottom
en la parte inferior
apply the brakes when it shouldn't.
los frenos sin necesidad.
and the car starts stopping randomly,
y el auto empieza a detenerse al azar,
the car is going to apply the brakes
con la que el auto usará los frenos
to help you avoid an accident.
a evitar un accidente.
the bottom left corner here,
it doesn't do anything goofy,
no hace nada torpe,
out of an accident.
a driver assistance system into a car,
de conducción asistida,
mitigación de colisiones,
of technology on there,
to have some operating properties,
unas propiedades operativas,
all of the accidents,
along the curve here,
cometidos por conductores humanos,
that the human driver misses,
by a factor of two.
en un factor de dos.
dying every year in America.
que mueren al año en EE.UU.
un vehículo autoconducido,
que se parece a esto.
that looks like this.
more sensors in the vehicle,
más sensores en el vehículo,
operating point up here
gets into a crash.
nunca habrá un accidente.
una frecuencia muy baja.
and we could argue
y argumentar
I could say something like "80-20 rule,"
decir algo como "regla 80-20",
to that new curve.
en esa nueva curva.
from a different direction for a moment.
diferente por un momento.
the technology has to do the right thing.
tiene que hacer lo correcto.
is a driver assistance system.
sistema de conducción asistida.
to traffic accidents
a accidentes de tránsito
cada 160 000 km en EE.UU.
el contrario, quizá toma decisiones
is probably making decisions
between these two,
entre estos dos,
que puedo correr
I'm never actually going to get there.
nunca llegaré allí.
the system can handle uncertainty.
de la incertidumbre.
stepping into the road, might not be.
la carretera, podría no entrar.
nor can any of our algorithms,
nuestros algoritmos,
de asistencia de conducción,
a driver assistance system,
because again,
porque, de nuevo,
that's completely unacceptable.
es completamente inaceptable.
puede mirar al peatón y decir:
can look at that pedestrian and say,
and then react appropriately after that.
reaccionaré en consecuencia.
a driver assistance system can ever be.
un sistema de conducción asistida.
entre ambos sistemas.
the differences between the two.
how the car sees the world.
cómo ve el auto el mundo.
where it is in the world,
dónde está en el mundo,
and aligning the two,
y los datos de su sensor,
what it sees in the moment.
lo que ve en el momento.
are other vehicles on the road,
son otros vehículos en la carretera,
over there is a cyclist,
es un ciclista,
if you look really closely,
is in the moment,
el auto en el momento,
we have to predict what's going to happen.
tenemos que predecir qué ocurrirá.
está a punto de pasar al carril izquierdo
is about to make a left lane change
está cerrada,
what everybody's thinking,
qué piensan todos,
bastante complicado.
how the car should respond in the moment,
debería responder el auto en el momento,
quickly it should slow down or speed up.
si debería acelerar o desacelerar.
just following a path:
a seguir el camino:
presionar el freno o acelerar.
pressing the brake or gas.
at the end of the day.
y las otras cajas en la carretera,
and the other boxes on the road,
and roughly where the other vehicles are.
y saber dónde están los otros.
understanding of the world.
geométricamente el mundo.
las calles del barrio y la ciudad,
on neighborhood and city streets,
new level of difficulty.
un nuevo nivel de dificultad.
of us, cars crossing in front of us,
problem by comparison.
complicado en comparación.
that problem solved,
el problema resuelto,
to deal with construction.
lidiar con la construcción.
obligan a conducir a la derecha,
forcing it to drive to the right,
en forma aislada, claro.
in isolation, of course.
through that construction zone as well.
movimiento por la zona de construcción.
breaking the rules, the police are there
las reglas, la policía está allí
that flashing light on the top of the car
la luz titilante encima del auto
sino el de una patrulla de policía.
it's actually a police officer.
on the side here,
la caja naranja en el lateral
differently as well.
otras personas tienen expectativas:
other people have expectations:
to yield to them and make room for them
le ceda el paso y le haga espacio
se interpone en el camino,
stood in the road,
that this means stop,
que esto significa "alto",
we should continue.
debemos continuar.
is by sharing data between the vehicles.
intercambiando datos entre vehículos.
sees a construction zone,
ve una zona de construcción,
so it can be in the correct lane
esté en el carril correcto
deeper understanding of this.
mucho más que eso.
that the cars have seen over time,
los autos vistos en el tiempo,
of pedestrians, cyclists,
de peatones, ciclistas,
what other vehicles should look like
de los otros vehículos
we could take from that a model
podríamos extraer un modelo
to move through the world.
se muevan por el mundo.
un peatón que cruza ante nosotros.
crossing in front of us.
and we anticipate
and around the car to the right.
el auto y salir hacia la derecha.
coming down the road
que va por la carretera
to drive down the shape of the road.
de la carretera.
going to make a U-turn in front of us,
girar en U frente a nosotros,
y responder con seguridad.
and respond safely.
for things that we've seen,
que ya hemos visto antes,
lots of things that you haven't
muchas cosas que uno
through Mountain View,
por Mountain View,
de ruedas electrónica
por la carretera. (Risas)
(Laughter)
in the DMV handbook
en el manual del DMV
to encounter that,
pudieron resolverlo,
y condujeron de forma segura.
with just ducks.
The car reacts to that.
a nosotros. El auto reacciona.
anywhere other than Mountain View.
sitio que no fuese Mountain View.
to deal with drivers,
con los conductores,
jumps out of this truck at us.
salta de este camión hacia nosotros.
el auto de la caja verde decide
with the green box decides
at the last possible moment.
el coche de la izquierda decide
the car to our left decides
blow through a red light
que pasa un semáforo en rojo
blowing through that light as well.
pasa esa luz también.
the vehicle responds safely.
responde en forma segura.
who do I don't know what
que no sé por qué
pulling out between two self-driving cars.
entre dos vehículos autoconducidos.
"¿En qué estás pensando?"
with a lot of stuff there,
down pretty quickly.
una de ellas rápidamente.
with the cyclist again,
la escena del ciclista,
we can't actually see the cyclist yet,
no podemos ver al ciclista,
pequeña caja azul de allí,
blue box up there,
really easy to understand,
to turn that laser data and look at it,
para analizarlos,
at laser data, you can see
datos láser podrán ver que
is that cyclist.
has turned yellow already,
ya se puso en amarillo,
in the imagery.
to proceed through the intersection.
por la intersección.
la de él es totalmente roja,
his is solidly red,
is going to come all the way across.
hará el recorrido completo.
were not paying as much attention.
cercanos no prestaron mucha atención.
and fortunately for everyone,
y afortunadamente para todos,
some pretty exciting progress,
hecho progresos apasionantes,
bastante convencidos
to come to market.
in our simulators every single day,
de pruebas en simulador cada día,
que tienen nuestros vehículos.
that our vehicles have.
salga a las carreteras,
this technology on the road,
is to go through the self-driving
es el enfoque de la autoconducción
la conducción asistida
dar esta charla hoy,
en las carreteras de EE.UU.
it's a really complicated problem,
es un problema muy complicado,
in four and a half years,
o sea que en 4 años y medio
to get his driver's license.
to making sure that doesn't happen.
a asegurarnos de que eso no pase.
(Aplausos)
I've got a question for you.
Tengo una pregunta para ti.
is pretty mind-boggling.
es bastante alucinante.
driver-assisted and fully driverless --
conducción asistida y autoconducción...
going on out there right now.
for example, Tesla,
la conducción asistida.
that's kind of going to be a dead end
será un callejón sin salida
that route and get to fully driverless
esa vía y llegar a la autoconducción
is going to say, "This feels safe,"
dirá: "Esto parece seguro",
and something ugly will happen.
ocurrirá algo feo.
and it's not to say
y no quiere decir
no vayan a ser increíblemente valiosos.
aren't going to be incredibly valuable.
in the interim,
mientras tanto,
to help someone like Steve get around,
de ayudar a alguien como Steve a moverse,
en materia de seguridad,
to change our cities
de cambiar nuestras ciudades
these urban craters we call parking lots,
y deshacernos de esos cráteres urbanos,
with huge interest.
con gran interés.
CU: Thank you. (Applause)
CU: Gracias. (Aplausos)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Urmson - RoboticistChris Umson is the Director of Self-Driving Cars at Google[x].
Why you should listen
Since 2009, Chris Urmson has headed up Google’s self-driving car program. So far, the team’s vehicles have driven over three quarters of a million miles. While early models included a driverless Prius that TEDsters got to test- ... um, -not-drive in 2011, more and more the team is building vehicles from the ground up, custom-made to go driverless.
Prior to joining Google, Umson was on the faculty of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University, where his research focused on motion planning and perception for robotic vehicles. During his time at Carnegie Mellon, he served as Director of Technology for the team that won the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge.
Chris Urmson | Speaker | TED.com